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8/13/2019 05_4_00_SIE_18_4038 Install Inst Outdoor S End
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MANUFACTURERS
MOUNTING INSTRUCTIONS
GWI 36D-47
20 pages
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INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
138 kV Outdoor Terminations with Rubber Stress Cone
Cable insulation: XLPE
Cable metallic shield: Copper wires
Connector type: Crimp
1. GENERAL
This document is intended to provide the user with the necessary information to properly receive,
inspect, prepare, install and maintain G&W cable terminations. If after reviewing the informationcontained herein you should have any questions, please contact your G&W representative or call
our factory phone number below.
Read these instructions Read and understand the contents of this document and follow alllocally approved procedures and safety practices before installing,
operating or maintaining this equipment.
Keep these instructions This document is a permanent part of your G&W cable termination.Keep it in a safe location where it can be readily available and referred
to as necessary.
How to contact G&W By phone:
By Fax:E-Mail:Mail:
Internet:
708-388-5010, Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 5:00
PM Central time
[email protected] W. 127thStreet, Blue Island, Illinois 60406, USA
To find your local G&W representative visit our Web site:www.gwelec.com
In these instructions you may find two types of alert messages:
WARNING
Safety message. Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a procedure that has to be followed or a critical part in the process of cable termination
installation which calls for extreme caution. In some segments of the installation process mistakescould cause significant extra work or permanent damage to the cable termination.
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These Installation instructions are general and do not cover all contingencies.
CAUTIONThe equipment covered by this document is intended to be installed, operated and maintained byqualified persons who are trained in the installation, operation and maintenance of electric power
transmission equipment along with the associated hazards.It is assumed the jointing crew is experienced and has been trained in installation of these or similar
terminations.Carelessness, improper handling of materials, tools or equipment or performing unauthorized
procedures during installation would seriously affect the operational characteristics of the
termination.
The cable and termination components have to be protected from dust, contamination and moisture.
A light structure built around the cable end will provide this protection. If required a space heater ordehumidifier needs to be used to provide comfortable work conditions and prevent moisture
condensation on the cable from breath in cold weather and sweat in warm weather.Cleanliness is essential. Make sure that the tools, components, work area and jointers hands and
clothing are kept as clean as possible during installation.
Storage:Store terminations in shipping crates, indoors.
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2. PREPARATORY STEPS
Check the markings on the shipping crate. Verify that the termination type and the stress cone sizeare proper for the cable. Inspect the crate for any damage during transportation. Check the contents
against bill of material attached to these installation instructions . Inspect the parts for any damageduring transportation.
Have all required tools at hand. See attached list of typical splicing tools and materials. Make sure
the crimp dies are proper for the connector.
WARNING
Make sure the cables are de-energized, grounded and properly phased. Not doing so may result in
injury or death to personnel.
Verify support structure is level, has proper bolt hole pattern for installation of mounting plate (foroutdoor terminations) or interface plate (for GIS and oil immersed terminations), and has minimum
opening to fit entrance housing as shown on G&W Termination assembly drawing (for Outdoorterminations).
Ensure there are provisions to secure the cable to the support structure below the terminationmounting surface.
FOR GIS AND OIL IMMERSED TERMINATION:
-Check proper location of cable(s) and interface by temporarily assembling interface plate or SF6
enclosure in the final installed position and making adjustments prior to installation of termination.-Provided oil needs to be heated to 60C prior to filling the termination.
FOR CABLES WITH XLPE INSULATION:
Straightencable end according to cable manufacturer's recommendations. For this operation cable
is cut approximately 200 mm (8") longer than shown in Section 3. General practice is to heat thecable using temperature controlled heating tapes or blanket, with sufficient cushion between the
tapes and cable, at approximately 80C for four to six hours. Tapes or blankets are removed afterheating and cable is positioned between two straight angle irons (or boards) and loosely installed,
for cooling and straightening.
CAUTIONExercise extreme caution if heaters with thermostats are used since thermostat malfunction can
damage cable ends. Self temperature controlled blankets are available.
Typically cables with screen wires or cables with corrugated metallic sheaths are annealed after
removal of the jacket and sheath. The cables with lead sheath and/or metallic tapes can be annealed
before removal of the metallic sheath or in case of a thin jacket before removal of the jacket. It isupon supervising engineer to decide how and when to start annealing the cable.
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CAUTION
Make sure that no dents are made into the cable insulation during the process. Such a damage to
cable insulation can cause cable failure.
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3. CABLE AND JACKET CUT (OUTDOOR TERMINATION)
1. Install stand off insulators (if required) as shown in Figure 3.2. Torque M16 nuts to 45 Nm (35ft-lb).
2. Temporarily install termination mounting bracket to the stand off insulators or to support
structure (if stand offs are not required).NOTE: If stand-off insulators are not
provided G&W does not supply hardware toattach mounting bracket to support structure.
3. Mark the cable jacket even with mounting
bracket top surface as shown in Figure 3.1.Call this mark P.
Figure 3.2: Cable and jacket cut dimensions
"W"
End of Cable Jacket
Mark "P"Mounting
Bracket"X"Dimen sio
n
140mm
(5-1/2
")
Cut the cable at this
point if CRIMP
CONNECTOR is used
Cut the cable at this
point if MIG-WELD
CONNECOR is used
Mark "X"
250mm
(10")Clean jacket
in this area
Figure 3.1: Mark "P"
Mark P
4. Measure the distance X from mark P (Figure 3.2). Call this Mark X. For 138 kV outdoortermination "X"=1472 mm (57-15/16'').
FOR CRIMP CONNECTORS:Adjust for expected connector elongation due to crimping
and cut the cable square at Mark X.
FOR MIG-WELD CONNECTORSMeasure the distance 140 mm (5-1/2) above mark X.
Cut the cable at the point140 mm (5-1/2) above mark X.
W
5. Remove temporarily installed mounting bracket and markthe cable jacket for a distance W below mark P as
shown in Figure 3.3. For 115 kV, 138 kV and 161 kVoutdoor termination "W"=51 mm (2''). Strip the cable jacket
and non-metallic tapes (if any) to this point.
Figure 3.3: Dimension W
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CAUTION
DO NOT cut into the metallic sheath under the jacket. Such a damage to cable insulation can
cause cable failure.
6. Clean the cable jacket in the area approximately 250 mm (10") below the end of cable jacket.
Remove all traces of graphite coating. Glass, sand paper and/or cleaning solvent can be used.
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4. METALLIC SHIELD PREPARATION (COPPER SCREEN WIRES)
1. Unwrap and square cut the screen wiresapproximately 810 mm (32") from the endof the cable jacket.
2. Remove bedding tapes (if any) under screenwires to the point 140 mm (5-1/2) fromjacket end.
3. Secure screen wires with four (4) turns ofprovided #18 tinned copper binding wirejust below the end of bedding tapes or 140mm (5-1/2) from jacket end if there is nobedding tapes. Do not over tighten servingwire.
4. Solder tinned copper binding wire to the
screen wires.5. Bend back and temporarily secure screenwires to the cable jacket with PVC tape.
Figure 4.1: Metallic shield preparation
End of jacket
140 mm
(5.5")
End of bedding
tape (if any)
Cu screen
wires
Serve the screenwires with (4) turns
of #18 copper
wire and solder
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5. CONNECTOR CRIMP
1. Remove the cable insulation and conductor shielding from the end of the cable for the distance
of E, as shown on Figure 5.1. Remove all traces of foreign material from the exposed
conductor strands.
E
Figure 5.2: penciling the insulation
75 mm (3 in)
Approx.
6 mm (1/4 in)
Figure 5.1: Exposing the conductor
E dimension for 69 kV through 161 kV terminations:
- for cables with copper conductor E=75 mm (3 in).
- for cables with aluminum conductor E=100 mm (4 in).
E dimension for 230 kV terminations:
- for cables with copper or aluminum conductor E=100 mm (4 in).
2. Pencil the cable insulation for the distance 75 mm (3 in) as shown in Figure 5.2.3. Wrap the cable with plastic wrap and clean cloth.
4. Thoroughly clean the strands of any foreign material. If required clean the strands with wire
brush or #240 grit aloxite cloth.5. Remove the connector, hood and hood O ring from the termination (if shipped assembled).
Save the hood and hardware for future use. Cover the insulator opening with plastic or cleancloth to protect inside surface from contamination.
a) COPPER CONNECTOR
Crimp according to press manufacturer's instructions. Use care to prevent conductor fromcocking during pressing operation. File off any sharp edges and burrs from connector.b) ALUMINUM CONNECTOR
Clean the bared conductor with wire-brush to remove all traces of aluminum oxide. Removethe plastic cap from connector ferrule. DO NOT wire brush ferrule. Slip the connector with the
oxide inhibitor in the ferrule inner diameter over conductor and crimp according to pressmanufacturer's instructions. Use care to prevent conductor from cocking during pressing
operation. File off any sharp edges and burrs from connector.
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6. CABLE INSULATION PREPARATION (XLPE insulation)
1. Straighten the cable and mark cable insulation screen at the distance M from the top of the
connector as shown in Figure 6.1. For 138 kV outdoor terminations "M"= 1457 3 mm (57-3/8"
1/8").
2. Remove the semi-con insulation screen from the pencil area at the connector to this point. Aspecial stripping tool or glass can be used.
If stripping tool is used adjust the depth of the cutting blade so approximately 75% of cableinsulation is exposed on the circumference of the cable. Remove all remaining insulation semi-con
screen with glass NOT with sand paper. Exercise caution. Avoid nicks or gouges on the cable
insulation surface.Follow cable manufacturers recommended procedure for removing strippable semi-con insulation
screen.
3. Pencil the screen approximately 20 mm (3/4) using glass.
CAUTION
The transition between cable insulation and insulation screen must be smooth. Do not
cut into insulation. Such a damage to cable insulation can cause cable failure.
Pencil cable semi-con
approx. 20 mm (3/4")
Dimension "M"
Smooth transition between
cable insulation and cable
extruded semi-con screen
4 mm (5/32") MAX
Figure 6.1: Cable Insulation Screen Removal
4. Before start of sanding operation apply 3 half lapped layers of PVC tape on the transitionbetween cable insulation and semi-con screen covering the penciled area of semi-con screen. This
will avoid imbedding conductive particles from the screen into cable insulation during sanding.
5. Use No. 80 grit sand paper to smoothen the cable insulation. Continue insulation sanding
with No. 150 grit paper. Be sure that all nicks, gouges and scratches are removed from cableinsulation. Polish the cable insulation using No. 240 grit paper. For 230 kV cable terminations, use
No. 320 grit paper for final polishing. A higher polish is achieved at the finish by reversing thesanding cloth and polishing the insulation.
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CAUTION
Do not smudge cable semi-con onto the cable insulation. Make sure there is no trace
of cable semi-con on exposed cable insulation. That can cause cable failure.
6. Remove PVC tape from the cable screen and temporarily apply two layers of PVC tape over100 mm (4) long section of the insulation at the edge of the semi con screen. Carefully sand the
penciled area only with 240 grit sand paper. Remove temporarily applied PVC tape.It is imperative that the transition between semi-con insulation screen and insulation be smooth and
free of any scratches and foreign material.
CAUTION
Make sure that sand paper is applied on the cable semi-con screen only on the
penciled area (approx. 20 mm (3/4)). Do not sand cable semi-con screen furtherdown that point. This can cause cable failure.
The cable should be wiped periodically with new, dry, lint free cloth dampened with solvent to
remove any foreign matter imbedded in the insulation. Wipe the cable thoroughly clean. Wipingshould always be done towards the cable semi-conductive insulation screen to prevent wiping semi-
con particles onto the insulation. Do not use a cleaning cloth twice; always discards cloths after first
pass. If solvent with long evaporation time is used, wipe the cable dry with a clean, lint-free, drycloth immediately after cleaning.
7. Measure cable insulation outer diameter.
CAUTION
Verify that insulation outer diameter falls into the range indicated on the label on thestress cone shipping package. Do not use the stress cone if the insulation diameter is
out of the range.
8. Use the heat gun on the sanded cable insulation in order to get smoother surface. Heat will
melt protrusions and smooth the dents in the cable insulation. The hot air temperature should be
approximately 600C. The heat gun nozzle should be approximately 2 (50 mm) from the insulation
surface. Apply the heat in slow circular movements until the cable insulation starts to be shiny. It
takes 5 to 10 minutes to treat exposed cable insulation with heat.
9. After the insulation has cooled down, wrap the cable end with clean plastic wrap to protect
the cable from contaminants.
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1. Disassemble entrance housing from the
termination. Save the hardware for later use. Slipthe termination entrance components over the
cable in proper order for later assembly:
Heat shrink tube (from cable preparation kit)
Entrance housing
Entrance housing O ring2. Install the mounting bracket to stand off
insulators (if used). Tighten M16 bolts to 45 Nm(35 ft-lb). If stand offs are not used install
bracket to support structure.
3. Make sure the cable is properly secured bypushing down on cable and checking for any
movement. This will assure cable will not moveduring stress cone installation.
4. Remove plastic wrap from the cable, measure thedistance Y from the connector top and mark
the cable at this point with marking tape. For 138
kV outdoor terminations "Y"=1592 3 mm (62-11/16'' 1/8").
If rubber centering ring IS provided(forcables where the difference between the base
plate inner diam. and cable semi-con outer diam. is greater or equal to 13 mm (1/2)):
Figure 7.2: Dimensions for stress cone installation
Dimension "Z"
"O" Ring
Connector
Centering Ring
or PVC tapebuild-up
MountingBracket
Heat shrinktubing
Entrancehousing
Dimension "Y"Mark with (3) turns
of PVC tape
Base plate
collar top
-Apply provided AP paste from glass
jar liberally over the cable insulation
and to the inside surface of centeringring. DO NOT apply AP paste over
cable semi-con screen.-Slip centering ring over the cable
and position bottom surface of thecentering ring even with the marking
tape at dimension Y.-Wipe the cable semi-con above the
centering ring with clean dry cloth.
If rubber centering ring IS NOT
provided(for cables where the difference between the base plate inner diam. and cable semi-
con outer diam. is less than 13 mm (1/2)):
Figure 7.3: Installation of the rubber centering ring
-Make a PVC tape built-up even with a marking tape at dimension Y. The PVC tape built-up
should be approximately 2 wide. For 115 kV - 161 kV terminations the PVC tape build-updiameter should be 98 mm (3-7/8").
5. Measure the distance Z from the connector top and mark the cable at this point with three (3)turns of provided PVC tape. For 138 kV outdoor terminations "Z"=1519 2 mm (59-13/16''
1/16").
6. Remove the base plate from the termination in the crate. Discard O ring. Save hardware forlater use. Cover insulator opening with plastic or cloth to protect the inside surface of the
insulator from contamination.
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7. Slip the base plate over the cable
and attach to the mounting platewith provided bolts. For 69 kV
161 kV terminations M12 bolts are
used Torque the bolts to 35 Nm (25ft-lb). For 230 kV terminations M16
bolts are used. Torque these bolts to40 Nm (30 ft-lb).
Distance
Z
DistanceZ
8. Check that the top surface of thebase plate collar is even with the top
surface of the PVC tape at mark
Z. If required adjust the cable. Figure 7.4: Distance Z
CAUTIONBe sure that Z dimension is as specified. This dimension not being correct can cause cablefailure.
9. Cover the space between the cable and base plate collar with cloths to stop the grease leaking
down the cable.10. Place the entrance housing O ring into the housing groove and attach the housing to the base
plate with provided M8 bolts. Torque to 15 Nm (10 ft-lb).11. Mark the cable even with the bottom surface
of the housing using marking tape. This
mark will be used to check if cable moved
during installation of the stress cone.12. Fold back the stress cone flap.13. Make sure there is no contamination on the
inside surface of the stress cone. Applyprovided AP paste liberally to the inside
surface of the stress cone. Make sure there
are no dry spots. Dry spots will makeinstallation of the stress cone more difficult.
Figure 7.5: Preparing the stress cone for the installation14. Temporarily apply PVC tape over connectorthreads to protect the inside of the stress
cone during installation on the cable.
15. Thoroughly clean cable insulation. Apply provided AP paste to exposed cable insulation. Makesure there are no dry spots on the cable insulation. DO NOT apply the grease over semi
conductive insulation screen.
Fingers
STRESS CONE SLIPPING
16. Slip the stress cone over the cable until it sits flat on the base plate collar.There are three possible ways of installing the stress cone. As a part of the
tools provided by G & W there is a plastic slider like one shown in Figure
7.6. It is used in first two options to slide the stress cone down the cable. The
Figure 7.6: Slider
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slider is split vertically so it can be opened and positioned or removed from the cable at any point.
When using a slider, do the following steps:- Apply the AP paste to the both inside and
outside surfaces of the slider.
- Position the slider on the cable with slidersfingers facing towards the connector as shown in
Figure 7.7.- Slip the stress cone over the connector and onto
the sliders fingers approximately 1. Be sure thatthe top section of sliders fingers is inside the
stress cone bore.
First option is to wrap the stress conearound with clean cloths and then to pull
the stress cone down the cable. When thestress cone bottom is close to marked position Z (approximately 1 to 2), pull up the
stress cone just to release the slider and remove the slider from the cable by unfolding it.
Then push the stress cone further down to the marked position.
Figure 7.7: Using the slider
CAUTION
DO NOT push the stress cone below the marked position. Wrong position of the stresscone can cause cable failure.
Minimum (2) people are required for this job. The cable should be supported and secured to
the mounting structure to prevent its longitudinal movement during installation.
Second, easier alternative is to use optional installation ring with handles and manually slip
the stress cone to the required position on the cable as shown in Figure 7.8. When the stress
cone bottom is close to marked position Z (approximately 1 to 2), pull up the stress conejust to release the slider and remove the slider from the cable by unfolding it. Then push the
stress cone further down to the markedposition.
Installation ring
Removing
the slider
CAUTION
DO NOT push the stress cone below the
marked position. Wrong position of the
stress cone can cause cable failure.
The installation ring with handles has to be
purchased separately. Again, minimum (2)people are required for this job. The cable
should be supported and secured to themounting structure to prevent its longitudinal
movement during installation.
Figure 7.8: Installation of the stress cone using the
installation ring
Third alternative is to use optional stress cone installation fixture. It consists of a handwinch, wire rope with a hook, plastic tube and installation ring. This assembly is to be
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attached to the connector with installation ring positioned on the stress cone as shown
below. Apply grease over conical surfaces of the stress cone and installation ring. Using thehand winch and pressing the installation ring slip the stress cone down to the required
position on the cable. See Figures 7.9 and 7.10.
CAUTION
DO NOT push the stress cone below the marked position. Wrong position of the stress
cone can cause cable failure.
From time to time back off winch and reposition installation ring. This will prevent the ring
from jamming onto the stress cone.
Advantage of this option is that the cable does not have to be supported in its final position.
17. Observe the marking tape over the entrance housing and verify that the cable didnt move
during stress cone installation.
Dimension "Z" Hand winch
Wire rope
TubeEye bolt
ConnectorInstallation ringStress cone prepared
for installation
Figure 7.10: Stress cone in final position
Installation ring
Stress cone in
its final positionConnector
Hand winch
Figure 7.9: Slip-on operation using stress cone installation fixture
Apply AP paste both toconical surfaces of the stresscone and installation rin
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CAUTION
If the cable moved more than 3 mm (1/8) pull the cable up and further slip the stress cone to
required position. Wrong position of the stress cone can cause cable failure.
18. Clean cuffed flap of the stress cone and baseplate collar with dry, clean, lint free cloth.
Unfold the stress cone flap and secure withprovided tie(s) to the base plate collar. Tie
heads should be approximately 90 apart.19. Wipe the cable insulation and the stress
cone with clean dry, lint free cloth and cover
with plastic wrap.
NOTE
The stress cone and termination can also be
installed with the cable in horizontal position.After installation is completed, the cable is
lifted and termination is placed on the mounting plate. During this operation it IS NOT allowed to
rotate the base plate relative to the cable more than 6mm (1/4). More markings and up-frontplanning is required in order that holes on the base plate are lined-up with holes in the mounting
plate once termination is lifted.
Figure 7.11: Final installation steps of the stress cone
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8. CONDUCTOR SEAL
1. Fill in the penciled area and over the exposed conductor with PVC tape supplied with the cable
preparation kit as shown in Figure 8.1.
2. Apply provided heat shrinkable tube over crimped section of the connector barrel, PVC tape andover the cable insulation as shown in Figures 8.2 and 8.3.
PVC tape
Figure 8.2: Applying heat shrinkable
tube using flame torch
Figure 8.1: Filling the penciled area with
PVC tape
Figure 8.3: Final conductor seal
Approx.
40 mm
(1-1/2")Applied heat shrinkable tube
Fill this area
with PVC tape
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9. FINAL ASSEMBLY AND OIL FILLING (OUTDOOR TERMINATION)
1. Clean the base plate O ring groove. Use new O ring
from plastic bag with O rings. Lubricate the base plate
O ring with AP paste andplace into the groove.
2. Remove the cap plate and theO ring from the insulator.
Discard the O ring.3. Remove plastic wrap from the
cable and stress cone and
lower the insulator to the baseplate.
4. Measure the distance betweenthe connector top and insulator
top as shown in Figure 9.2. For69 kV through 161 kV outdoor
terminations this distance
should be 186 5 mm (7-5/16" 3/16"). If the distance is not
correct, adjust the vertical position of the cable to meetthis dimension.
CAUTION
Since this is a critical operation, BE SURE when infinal position, stress cone is sitting flat on the base
plate collar top. Wrong position of the stress cone cancause cable failure.
Figure 9.2: Oil filling
Check the
distance
before oil
filling
Heat shrink
tube
Entrance housing
"O" ring for
entrance housing
Base plate with
stress cone
Base plate "O" ring
Cap plate "O" rings
Hood "O" ring
Corona Shield
with grommet
Cap plate
Hood
Composite or
porcelain
insulator assembly
Figure 9.1: Final assembly5. Secure the insulator to the base plate with (8) M12x35
mm long bolts. Torque bolts to 35 Nm (25 ft-lb).6. Fill termination with G&W 306-1 oil (provided) to a point approximately 180 mm (7'') below
the top surface of the insulator. Use of a large, clean funnel will facilitate this operation. The oiltemperature should be minimum 25C. If required heat the oil.
7. Clean the cap plate. Use new O rings from plastic bag with O rings. Lubricate the cap plate
O rings with the AP paste. Liberally apply AP paste in the cap plate grooves. Place smallerO ring into the groove in the center opening of the cap plate. Place bigger O ring into the
groove on the surface of the plate.8. Lubricate the opening in the cap plate with AP paste and lower the plate over the connector onto
the insulator cementing-flange.9. Secure the cap plate to the insulator cementing flange with provided bolts. For all terminations
with composite insulators those are M10 bolts (torque value 20 Nm (15 ft-lb)). For 69 kVterminations with porcelain insulators those are M12 bolts (torque value 35 Nm (25 ft-lb)), and
for 138 kV terminations with porcelain insulators those are M16 bolts (torque value 60 Nm (45
ft-lb)).
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10. Lubricate hood O ring with AP paste and slip over connector in the groove in the cap plate.
Remove temporarily applied PVC tape from connector.11. Screw threaded hood onto connector. Tighten just enough until the hood sits flat onto the cap
plate. Secure the hood to the cap plate with (4) M6x30 mm bolts. Torque the bolts to 7 Nm (60
in-lb).12. Put the corona shield on the termination top.
13. Install the aerial lug to the connector.14. Apply 6 turns of heat melt tape 65 mm (2-1/2) below the entrance housing for sealing
grounding braids and / or screen wires as shownin Figure 9.3.
15. Install heat shrink tube using propane torch with
diffuse nozzle for low temperature flame asshown in Figure 9.4.
16. If grounding braidsare used, attach thegrounding braids to the lower hole in one of the
entrance housing ears with provided M8 hardwarefrom the box with cable preparation kit. Torque to
14 Nm (10 ft-lb).
If cable metal shield has a copper screen wires,group the wires and secure them in provided
lug(s) and then attach the lug(s) to the entrancehousing ears using M8 hardware from the cable preparation kit. Torque to 14 Nm (10 ft-lb).
65 mm
(2-1/2)
Figure 9.3: Termination sealing - 1
Figure 9.4: Termination sealing - 2 Figure 9.5: Termination grounding
GROUNDING:
Ensure any necessary connections from cable shielding to system ground are completed. Typically,
the system ground is connected to the upper holes on the entrance housing ears or to the M12 bolton galvanized mounting plate.
WARNING
Excessive voltages may develop in cable metallic sheath that is attached to terminationentrance housing. Refer to system grounding engineer for proper ground connections prior to
termination installation.
Improper grounding of the cable termination may result in injury or death to personnel.
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10. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE
RECOMMENDATIONS:
Under normal conditions no routine maintenance procedures are required. The unit should be
regularly observed for any possible leakage or unusual conditions.