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Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 1: Mariah

I found some books at bargain prices online today. Although I don’t consider

myself a lover of non-fiction books, I discovered one about diving that’s filled with

stunning pictures. I also bought a novel that depicts the story of a soldier who

leaves his wife behind during World War II but never forgets her. According to

the reviews, it’s very touching. Since I think comics are perfect for light reading, I

ordered a few of those too. I enjoy browsing the comic section of the weekend

newspaper.

GETTING READY

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Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 2: Jason

I read a wide variety of books. My brother says I’m a real bookworm. Mystery

novels about ingenious crimes being committed are entertaining. I’m also

obsessed with reading up on scientists’ personal lives, as I dream of becoming a

medical researcher some day. But most of all, I’m addicted to stories that terrify

me. I love how horror stories get my heart racing and give me a thrill!

GETTING READY

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Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 3: Lisa

My friends think I am boring because my only recreation is hanging out at the

library. In my opinion, there is nothing better than an afternoon spent getting

absorbed in a fantasy novel where I can imagine myself fighting dragons.

Escaping into the world of books is a great way to relax and forget your

troubles temporarily. I am in the mood to read about spaceships and aliens, so

now I’m heading over to the science fiction section.

GETTING READY

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VOCABULARY DRILL

Audio Transcripts:

Cynthia: Hey, Martin. What do you think of the books that I’ve chosen to order for the library?

Martin: I scanned your list, and I feel that we might need something other than just reference books and medical papers. How about adding some items for recreational or extracurricular reading?

Cynthia: Like what? Fashion and gossip magazines? Students are here to get an education and broaden their knowledge. These young minds are already polluted enough with all the junk they read on the Internet.

Martin: Come on, Cynthia. They are people, not learning machines. Every once in a while, checking out materials like National Geographic, Health and Fitness, or even Cosmopolitan is a great means of escape from the

stress of academics.

Cynthia: I understand that it is important to read for leisure sometimes in order to relax. And you’re right that there are some informative and thought-

provoking periodicals out there that are worth flipping through. So let’s each put a list together and see if we can come up with a good compromise.

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Audio Transcripts:

Joan: Oh, Olivia. I purchased this exercise bike, and it was delivered unassembled. It’s annoying that I have to put it together.

Olivia: Relax, Joan. It’ll be easier than you think.

Joan: That’s doubtful. What is a Phillips-head screwdriver?

Olivia: You’ve got me. Maybe one is labeled in your toolbox.

Joan: You’re right. I didn’t even notice the handles had words on them.

Olivia: I hear you loud and clear. Being handy is hard.

Joan: How should I get started?

Olivia: It beats me. What do the instructions say?

Joan: These two bars are supposed to fit together, but I’ve got no clue how.

Olivia: I get the picture. They connect like this, but wow—they weigh a ton!

Joan: How are we going to move them?

Olivia: I’ve got it! Lean them against that table.

Joan: OK. Now we need eight screws, but I don’t know which ones to use!

Olivia: I guess we’ll have to try all of them.

Joan: We definitely require a professional’s assistance, but I’m at a loss as to who I should call.

Olivia: What about Rick? He’s a qualified mechanic.

Joan: Perfect!

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Kenny: Do you know what kind of survey you’ll do for our psychology class?

Helen: I want to use religion as a topic.

Kenny: That’s too controversial.

Helen: Ugh. I spent all night thinking up that one. What are you planning to do?

Kenny: Can I get your view on the topic of romantic relationships?

Helen: It seems too boring. We should put our heads together and come up with subjects that aren’t so predictable. Let’s kick around a few other ideas.

Kenny: OK. I’ll bounce something else off you. What about how the media affects teenagers?

Helen: Super! You’ll be able to think of many interesting questions.

Kenny: Now we just need to find something for you.

Helen: The effects of a poor health care system on society might work.

Kenny: That’s so depressing. People won’t want to participate. Discussing changing gender roles in the workplace would be more fun.

Helen: Oh, that’s a fascinating topic. Maybe we’ll do well on this project after all.Thanks for letting me pick your brain.

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Next week, I am testing for my black belt in taekwondo. I thought I was going

to breeze right through it like I did during the red belt test last year. I’ve

discovered, however, that passing is no easy task. I’m worried that I might be in

over my head. Other students are also training for the test, but they don’t seem

stuck on the kicks that cause me frustration. Earlier this month, my brother took

the same black-belt test and said it was as easy as pie! I’ve tried his practice

methods, but they don’t work for me. My master assured me that if I trained hard,

I would pass the test with flying colors. So now I’m trying to create a 15-minute

routine to demonstrate my skills. I’ve put together about ten minutes’ worth, but

I’ve hit a dead end. I don’t know what I’m going to do.

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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

A. Structure

CausativeCausative verbs are used to show that a person or thing makes something else happen. These verbs can be used in any tense.

Passive Causative

have + someone / something + past participle

• I need to have my head examined.

get + someone / something + past participle

• Cheating on the test will get you suspended.

Usage Note

Other causative verbs include allow, convince, employ, encourage, permit, and require. These verbs are followed by to V.

Example:• The professor encouraged his students to apply for the scholarship.

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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

B. Usage of Passive Causative

To emphasize the object of the action • Ted was able to get his apartment furnished for free.

To plan to do the action by oneself • I’ll get my thesis written by the end of the month.

To speak about events beyond one’scontrol

• After failing three tests in a row, Bobby had his allowance reduced by his parents.

CausativeCausative verbs are used to show that a person or thing makes something else happen. These verbs can be used in any tense.

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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

C. Differences Between Have and Get

Use Have or Get

In imperatives • Have the supplies delivered to the company’s address.

• Get this layout finished before the presentation.

Often Use Get

For successfully persuading someone to do something

• Sheila got her roommate to edit her proposal before she submitted it.

Often Use Have

For paying someone to have something done

• Mr. Sullivan had the barber trim his mustache.

CausativeCausative verbs are used to show that a person or thing makes something else happen. These verbs can be used in any tense.

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1. He has cigarette stains on his teeth. He should _____________________.

2. Everyone should dress up as a glamorous star for the party. I want to _____________________ (my hair) like Audrey Hepburn’s in Roman Holiday.

3. You have so many suitcases! I’ll _____________________ (my assistant) you off at the airport.

4. Marcel has a good command of French. I’ll _____________________ this document for you.

5. The new law _____________________ (people) their seat belts in both the front and back seats.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

A. Complete the SentencesFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the choices provided. One word can be used twice.

have them whitened

Other Verbs whiten style drop buckle translate

Causative Verbs get have require make

get / have my hair styled

make my assistant drop

get him to translate

requires people to buckle

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Marie,

We’re 1. ___________ our vacation home ___________. I must go there to

ensure the contractor 2. ___________ the job ___________ as we requested.

Please 3. ___________ all the chores ___________ up by the time I get back.

You can 4. ___________ your sister ___________ you if you like.

• The lawn needs mowing. You should 5. ___________ this ___________ of

straight away.

• 6. ___________ the pool ___________ and cleaned.

• I want the front door mat 7. ___________.

I promise to 8. ___________ you ___________ next weekend off. Thanks a lot!

Mrs. Heatley

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

B. Fill Out the MemoFinish the memo with words from the audio. Use the causative structure.

having painted

gets done

have wrapped

have assist

have taken care

Get drained

vacuumed

allow to take

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Audio Transcripts:

Mrs. Heatley: We’ve hired a new contractor to paint our cabin by the lake, so I won’t be back today. I want to make sure the workers get the job done properly.

Marie: OK, Mrs. Heatley. I’ll have all the items on your list wrapped up when you get back.

Mrs. Heatley: That reminds me. There are some other chores I need you to do.

Marie: No problem. I’m having my sister, Zoe, assist me.

Mrs. Heatley: First, we need to have the lawn mowed.

Marie: It looks like it’s going to rain. I’ll have that taken care of immediately.

Mrs. Heatley: I also want the swimming pool drained and cleaned.

Marie: Sure. I’ll persuade Zoe to do that.

Mrs. Heatley: Could you also ask her to fill the bird feeder? It’s hanging in the window.

Marie: Of course.

Mrs. Heatley: One more thing: We need the front door mat vacuumed. It’s muddy.

Marie: Yes, it is. I expected you would require that to be cleaned.

Mrs. Heatley: Thanks, Marie. I’ll allow you to take a rest next weekend if everything is finished.

Marie: Alright, Mrs. Heatley.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

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GRAMMAR WORKOUT

C. Correct the MistakesFix the eight errors in the passage. The first one has already been done for you.

When California Governor Jerry Brown had the sale of shark fins ban, his new

law caused Chinese restaurant owners protest. According to the owners, the

politician was having them punishing for making a culturally important dish. Without

shark fin soup on the menu, these places would lose a lot of money. Public

pressure, however, convinced Brown makes changes. Each year, the world lets

fishermen killed over 70 million sharks. Most countries do not require them harvest

all of the shark’s meat. Therefore, this allows fishermen practicing “finning,” namely,

the practice of cutting off the fin and then throwing the rest of the shark back into

the ocean. As three states have already implemented similar laws, others will likely

be forced follow.

banned

to protest

punished

to make

kill to harvest

to practice

to follow

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1. Lullabies are soothing to infants. They are often sung before bedtime because they are such a(n) ____________.

2. The members of the sales team want to ____________ each other, as they’ve been told that whoever outdoes the others will receive additional vacation

days.

3. The research project broadened the students’ knowledge of psychology. They all agreed that the exercise had ____________ their understanding.

4. The illness is the result of a(n) __________ version of the virus. The altered virus doesn’t respond to the usual treatment.

5. Infants should not be punished, as they do not yet have consciousness of wrong and right. Their ____________ will not begin to develop for several months.

READING ─AFTER YOU READ

A. Understand from the ContextComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words provided.

comfort

surpass

expanded

modified

awareness

comfort expand surpass awareness modified

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READING ─AFTER YOU READ

B. Complete the PassageFill in the missing letters with words from the article.

For thousands of years, the act of 1. m_____________n has been associated

with Buddhism. Buddhist monks spend much of their lives engaged in this activity,

through which they hope to gain enlightenment. The goal of the process is to rid

one’s mind of everything that could be 2. d_____________g. At Buddhist living

quarters, monks live separately in order to eliminate all possible

3. i_____________s. They become 4. a_____________d in the meditative periods

for weeks or even months at a time. Afterwards, instead of struggling with boredom,

monks will usually feel refreshed and content. This is very different from how many

people would react after doing the same activity for a month with

5. m_____________l outside contact.

editatio

istractin

nterruption bsorbe

inima p.36

p.37

p.38

p.39

p.40

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READING ─AFTER YOU READ

C. Comprehension CheckAnswer the questions.

1. According to the writer, why isn’t everyone interested in reading?

2. In what way is reading capable of relieving one’s mind of stress?

3. What is the reason that watching television is not as relaxing as reading?

4. How does the condition of one’s brain change while reading?

Many people are uninterested in reading because it is associated with the frustration of studying.

The reader focuses all of his or her attention on what is being read.

When reading, people are better able to ignore outside distractions, so they feel more

relaxed.

When one reads, the brain is stimulated into a state that is similar to what is achieved during meditation.