1 ELITEX 2008, New Delhi Making NeGP Happen – Views and Perception: Process Framework as Enabler of NeGP

1

ELITEX 2008, New Delhi

Making NeGP Happen – Views and Perception:

Process Framework as Enabler of NeGP

ELITEX 2008, New Delhi, January 17-18, 2008,

© Dr D.C.Misra 2008 2

Process Framework as Enabler for NeGP

by

Dr D.C.Misra, I.A.S. (Retd.)Independent E-government Consultant, New Delhi,

Formerly Chief Knowledge Officer, Government of Mauritius, Port Louis under Commonwealth Secretariat, London and

Chairman, Task Force for IT Policy for Government of NCT of Delhi

Address: C-183 Madhuvan, Madhuvan Marg, New Delhi-110092

Tel: 91-11-22452431 Fax: 91-11-42445183 Cell: 0-9010891700

Web: http://in.geocities.com/drdcmisra/mypage.html

Blog: http://egov-india.blogspot.com/ Email: [email protected]

January 18, 2007 (10 a.m. to 11-30 a.m.)



The Process Framework

The Basic Process Foundation

Situation Vision

(Where are we?) (Where we want to go?)

Planning

(How to go there?)



What is Process?

INPUT OUTPUT

PROCESS

(Inter-related tasks)



National E-governance Plan

The NeGP Processes transform Self-Centric Governance to Citizen-Centric E-governance

Governance

X Self-Centric

E-governance

Citizen-centric


(Input)

(Output)



NeGP Key Process Frameworks: An Overview

A. Policy Framework: (a) National (b) State levels

B. Legal Framework: (a) Cyberspace (b) G2C (c) G2B (d) G2G

C. Database Framework: (a) Online databases (b) Statistical databases



NeGP Key Process Frameworks

D. Plan Framework: (a) Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) (b) State Wide Area Networks (SWANs) (c) State Data Centres (SDCs) (d) Common Service Centres (CSCs)

E. Linkage Framework: (a) National (b) State and (c) private programmes

F. E-engagement Framework: (a) Citizens (b) Non-citizens



NeGP Process Frameworks

A. Policy Processes

(a) National IT Policy, and

(b) State IT Policies

(c) Periodical Review of Policies

(d) State of E-governance Report



NeGP Process Frameworks

B. Legal Processes

(a) Processes of Cyberspace

(b) G2C Processes

(c) G2B Processes

(d) G2G Processes



(a) Processes of Cyberspace

East Coast Code (Washington, D.C.)- Old legal processes

West Coast Code (Silicon Valley)- Software and hardware processes

Norms (Processes of community of surfers)

Market (Information exchange processes)Source: Lessig (1999)



(b) G2C Processes

Single Sign On

Citizen ID

E-form

E-district

Cyber Laws

Security & Privacy

G2C



Single Sign On Process

Is single/unified national database catering to various services possible?

Is such a database legally enabled?

What are operational implications?

What are cost implications?



Citizen ID ProcessesMultiplicity of Citizen ID Processes

Citizenship Act (Certificate) / Passport Act (Passport)

Representation of the People Act (Voter Identity Card) -186 million eligible voters do not have EPIC

Income Tax Act (PAN Card) / Motor Vehicles Act (Driving License)

Executive Instructions (Ration Card)- Illegal to use for any other purpose

Nasscom- National Skills Registry for IT/ITES Professionals (Software Engineer Unique ID No.)

Unique Cyber ID?



Multiplicity of Citizen ID Processes

Electricity Bill, Water Bill, Telephone Bill, Bank Pass Book, Insurance Policies, Credit/Debit Cards

What for do we need Citizen ID Cards? Single or Multiple? Use-specific or generic?

U.K. has made it compulsory by Identity Card Act 2006. Collects 49 pieces of information

In the U.S., it is controversial subject. Only 17% Americans are in favour of it (Garson 2006)

Can we do it for government employees in the first instance?



E-Form Process

Eliminates Paper

Automatic Formatting and Validation

Assisted by computer program

Can be emailed

Can support decision-making



Processes of Cyber Laws

Cyber Laws

Cyber

Laws

Substantive (IT Act, etc.)

Supportive (IPC,etc.)

Subordinate (IT Rules, etc)

Proposed (Amendment, New Bill, etc.)



Security and Privacy Processes

Information security management

Compliance with ISO/IEC 17799:2005

Sensitisation of personnel to security

Respect for Citizen’s right to privacy

Statutory support for citizen protection



E-District Processes

Pilot project in willing states

Integrated service delivery (Land Records, Property Registration, Property Taxes, Agriculture, Passport, Police, etc.)

Linkage with Common Service Centres (CSCs) and State Wide Area Network (SWAN)

Database at district level



(c) G2B Processes

E-Business Processes

G2B E-taxation and E-filing

E-trade and E-commerce

E-banking

E-procurement

E-security



(d) G2G Processes

Citizen ID/ E-form/ E-district Processes

E-state E-district

E-Centre

National Portal



C. Database Framework Processes

(a) Online Database Processes

Decision-making is based on databases

Every organisation sets up its own database

Organisations mistrust each other’s databases

Can there be a single national citizen database?

What is the current status of online databases?



Online Database Processes

Territorial (Centre, State, and District Databases)

Metadata (Data about data) (on the lines of UK Government Metadata Standard (e-GMS).

Indian E-government Thesaurus (Items, Keywords) (on the lines of UK Pan-Government Thesaurus)

Specialty Search Engine (on the lines of USA.gov – Based on “Dynamic Clustering” (Clustering on the fly) and “Meta Search” (Searches of other search engines).



(b) Statistical Database Processes

Indian Statistical System

Population Census

Agricultural Census

Agricultural Input Surveys

Annual Survey of Industries

National Sample Surveys, etc.



D. Plan Process Frameworks

(a) Processes for Mission Mode Projects

Central Sector: (National ID, MCA 21, Income Tax, Excise, Passports, etc.) No jurisdictional problem. Suggestions: (a) Give incentives for online transactions, (b) For example, give rebate in income tax for online filing, etc.

State Sector: (Agriculture, Land Records, Transport, Municipalities, Gram Panchayats, etc.) No jurisdictional problem. Suggestions: (a) Give preference to laggard states, (b) Launch national competition for innovative projects, etc.

Common Projects: (a) India Portal (b) E-courts (c) E-office, (d) E-procurement, etc.



(b) Processes for State Wide Area Network

Part of NeGP Infrastructure- SWAN, SDCc, and CSCs

2 Mbps connectivity up to block level

Monitoring of progress

Inter-changeability between software and hardware



(c) Processes for State Data Centres

Many national organisations like Survey of India, Indian Census, have their own SDCs

Two types of databases are needed at national level: (a) Central, and (b) Centralised databases

(a) Central: Relating to Central Government- Customs,Excise,Income Tax,Foreign Trade,etc)

(b) Centralised: Relating to State Governments but maintained centrally by Central Government

Linkage with District Data Centres and creation of database at the district level



(d) Processes for Common Service Centres (CSCs)

Supply Side and Demand Side of E-gov

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Model

Virtual Community, Electronic Cottage, One-Stop Shop for Citizens

Requirements of all age groups met

Public and Private Services

Role of PCOs/ Cyber cafe



E. Processes for Linkage with other programmes

Linkage with central programmes

Linkage with state programmes

Linkage with private programmes

Linkage with civil society organisation (CSO) programmes

Involvement of all stakeholders at village level including extension agencies



F. Processes for E-engagement of Citizens and Non-Citizens

Creation of Public Value / Value Addition

Investment in Social Capital

Include E-engagement Framework for Citizens and Non-Citizens in NeGP

Introduce Feedback, Discussion Forum, RSS Feed*, Blog**, Wiki and E-petition in official portals

*Ramanathan V. Guha- Netscape-1999 **SP South Kannada (Dayananda Bannikal), IT Department



Process Framework as Enabler of NeGP


Common Service Centres

Mission

Mode

Projects

State

Wide

Area

Network

State

Data

Centres

Linkage with other programmesE-e

ng

agem

ent

of

Cit

izen

s



NeGP Process FrameworkNational Portal

Centre

Districts

Panchayats Municipalities

Life Events Service Streams

States

E-engagement of Citizens and Non-Citizens



Conclusion

1. Embrace n-Governments (networked governments).

It is feasible and desirable.

Give up i-Government (integrated government).

It is neither feasible nor desirable.



Distinction between i-government and

n-governments

S.N. Parameter Integrated government

(i-government)

Networked governments

(n-governments )

1 Location One place Distributed

2 Ownership Single owner Multiple owners

3 Centrality Centralised Decentralised

4 Legality Not permissible Permissible

5 Expense Less expensive More expensive

6 Redundancies More redundancies Less redundancies



Conclusion2. Legally enable e-government services.

3. Include Linkage with other Programmes Framework in NeGP

4. Include E-engagement Framework for Citizens and Non-Citizens in NeGP

5. Include databases of Indian statistical system in NeGP, and

6. Create robust database at the district level



References• Garson, G. David (2006): Public Information Technology and E-governance:

Managing the Virtual State, Sudbury, MA, Jones and Bartlett

• Lessig, Lawrence (1999): Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, New York, Basic Books

• Misra, D.C. (2008): Annual Survey of E-government 2008: Emerging E-government Challenges: Past Imperfect, Present Tense but Future Promising, http://topics.developmentgateway.org/ict/rc/ItemDetail.do~1126246 (accessed: January 4, 2007)

• Misra, D.C. (2007a): E-government: From Networked Society to Networked Governments, Management in Government, New Delhi, Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, Government of India, XXXIX(3)17-36, October-December, http://darpg.nic.in/arpg-website/BestPracticesInGovt/mig.asp

• Misra, D.C. (2007b): Select Aspects of Conceptual Foundations of E-government: Clearing the Fog for a Better Vision, Paper contributed to 5th International Conference on E-governance (ICEG 2007), December 28-30, 2007, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, http://www.iceg.net/2007/

• Misra, D.C. (2007c): Sixty Years of Development of E-governance in India (1947-2007): Are there Lessons for Developing Countries? Paper contributed to 1st International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (ICEGOV2007), December 10-13, 2007, Macao, SAR China, www.icegov.org



Thank you

Have a nice day!--Dr D.C.MISRA

Documents

1 ELITEX 2008, New Delhi Making NeGP Happen – Views and Perception: Process Framework as Enabler of NeGP