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1
Genetic Improvement in
Beef Cattle - What is Possible?
Brian Wickham
2
Would you like
to search the world for the bull that can
increase the profitability of your herd
by the greatest amount?
3
Would you liketo compare the available: •bulls, •calves, •feed-lot animals, for
their ability to increase the profitability of: •your herd, •your feed-lot, •your packing operation?
Would you like
• to know how your calves kill out after you have sold them?
• to know the performance of the progeny, males and females, of the breeding bulls you sell?
• to rank your cows on the contribution they make to the profitability of your cow-calf operation?
4
Would you like• to remove duplication in data
recording?
• to have access to feed-lot and packer data on animals that resulted from the bulls you bred?
• to have all the data for your herd readily available to you?
5
6
Would you likegenomic research based on one million beef animals genotyped using
50K SNP chip @ $32 per animal as
part of a $440 million (tax payer funded)
three year project to reduce the environmental impact of beef production?
7
It is possible and it is happening now: but not in Canada.
Canadian Beef Improvement
Network (CBIN)
8
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Is CBIN needed?
Yes
Genetic improvement is complex, powerful, cumulative & permanent
National Beef strategy: production efficiency +15%, competitiveness +7%, carcass value +15%, by 2020
60,000 farmers, 100+ organizations
Long complex supply chain
New technologies: genomics, information …
Global warming
Consumer demands
10
Is CBIN feasible?
Yes E.g. Canadian Dairy Network (CDN)
E.g. Irish Cattle Breeding Federation (ICBF)
Have many of the elements already
Time is right
Large return on investment
Return on investment
• CDN – Canadian Dairy Network
Dairy $472m/year at cost of $2.5m/year
• ICBF – Irish Cattle Breeding Federation
Dairy $1,100m over 15 years at cost of $73m.
• Canadian beef study
$180m/year at cost of $5m/year
11
12
Strategy for CBIN
Recommendations:
1. Structure
2. Continuous improvement
3. Genetic gain
4. Information infrastructure
5. Communications
6. Innovation12
13
Structure• Partnership between farmers,
Government, industry and service providers.
• Lean, very competent and focused on Canadian beef cattle genetic improvement.
• Start with interim arrangement and continuously improve.
13
CBIN
… optimal genetic improvement of the Canadian beef herd.
15
CBIN Funding
• Government (Federal & Provincial)
For long term benefits to wider community and future people & organisations
• Farmer & Industry
For generic benefits to farmers and industry
• Service Fees
For immediately useful information services
From cost savings and or improved information services
17
ICBF Funding
http://www.icbf.com/publications/files/ICBF_2014_ANNUAL_REPORT.pdf page12.
Continuous improvement
18
Annually
CBIN - Genetic Improvement
Genetic evaluationsa. breeding objectives => $ indexes b. data: national and international, seed-stock,
cow-calf, feed-lot and packers c. genomicsd. tools e. communication
Breeding scheme to optimize economic returns for whole industry
20
CBIN – Information Infrastructure
• Scope
genetic improvement as initial focus
farm management, quality assurance, disease & welfare
• Integrate with Canadian livestock tracking system
avoid duplication
participation of cow-calf herds, feed-lots, packers
21
CBIN – Information Infrastructure
Access & Ownership
Animal owner controls access to data
Agree data can be used for genetic evaluation and related research & instruct data holders to provide data to CBIN
Agreement with Service Providers on data access and fees
Improve scope & quality of Breed Assn services
22
Data recording and validation
Capture at source, validate and add to CBIN database immediately
Capture each event once and ensure data is available to all authorized to use it
Standard data recording protocols to meet needs of all data users
No financial obstacles to data recording
Monitor & investigate deviations from norms
CBIN – Information Infrastructure
23
CBIN – Information Infrastructure
Information to improve decisions made by:
Seed-stock farmers
Cow-calf farmers
Feed-lot operators
Breed Associations
Service providers: advisors, veterinarians, …
24
CBIN – Information Infrastructure
Technology infrastructure
Existing capability: BIXS, BIO, CCIA, Breed Assns
Integrated database needs to be established
Options to build on existing capability need to be thoroughly explored
25 © ConsultWickham 2015
Ireland went from this:
Milk RecordingMilk RecordingDatabaseDatabase
Artificial Insem.Artificial Insem.
Herd BooksHerd Books
DAFF Calf Reg. & Movements
DAFF Calf Reg. & Movements
LaboratoriesLaboratories
MartsMarts
Meat FactoriesMeat Factories
VeterinariansVeterinarians
AdvisorsAdvisors
Discussion Groups
Discussion Groups
Genetic EvaluationsGenetic Evaluations
DatabaseDatabase
DatabaseDatabase
DatabaseDatabase
DatabaseDatabase
DatabaseDatabase
DatabaseDatabase
DatabaseDatabase
Data Information ServicesKey:
26 © ConsultWickham 2015
to this:
Data Information ServicesKey:
Milk RecordingMilk Recording
ICB
F D
atab
ase
ICB
F D
atab
ase
Artificial Insem.Artificial Insem.
Herd BooksHerd Books
DAFF Calf Reg. & Movements
DAFF Calf Reg. & Movements
LaboratoriesLaboratories
MartsMartsMeat FactoriesMeat Factories
VeterinariansVeterinarians
AdvisorsAdvisors
Discussion Groups
Discussion Groups
Beef Herds
Dairy Herds
Beef Herds
Dairy HerdsAnimal Events
HerdPlus®
Genetic EvaluationsGenetic Evaluations
Any Bull that was ever in your herd and which was registered as the sire of a calf in the ICBF database over the last 5 years will appear in this report.
28
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30Page 152 – top left corner
31
Page 152 – bottom left corner
32
Page 152 – bottom middle of page
CBIN - Communication• Weekly update
• Consultation meetings
• Single phone number to get answers
• Field-days
• Research and demonstration
• Conferences
33
CBIN - Innovation
• CBIN provides data and implements results
• CBIN has special relationships with Canadian research, education and extension organizations involved in beef breeding
• Canadian Dairy Network to share knowledge and tools
• International forums – ICAR, BIF, WCGALP, ISAG, ASAS, and EAAP …
34
35
Challenges, Threats &
Weaknesses• Non-participation of key stakeholders
• Economic downturn
• Rapid technology developments
• Previous efforts failed
• Starting from scratch
35
36
Challenges, Threats, &
Weaknesses• Decision making
• Funding
• Information infrastructure
• Genetic evaluations
• Genetic gain in commercial population
36
Conclusions
• Imperative for Canada to establish a world-class beef cattle breeding infrastructure
• Many of the elements already exist
• Focus must be on genetic improvement of the Canadian beef herd
• Major economic rewards are achievable with a successful CBIN
37