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Habitat Habitat • HabitatHabitat is the is the

_______a plant or _______a plant or animal ______ animal ______ out there life.out there life.

copyright cmassengale

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NicheNiche• Niche-Niche- ______ of a species in its ______ of a species in its

habitathabitat– Like different baseball player Like different baseball player positionspositions

• A A species' niche includesspecies' niche includes: : – a. a. ______________________ - where it lives in the - where it lives in the

ecosystemecosystem– b. b. ______________________________ - all interactions with - all interactions with

other species in the ecosystemother species in the ecosystem– c. c. __________________________- its method of - its method of

obtaining food.obtaining food.11

Two species can share the same ________but not the same

______Example: Ants and bacteria both live in the dirt

(habitat) but have different niches. Ants eat dead insects and bacteria eat dead leaves,dead logs, and animal waste.

So ants and bacteria don’t compete for the same _________.

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No __ ______ can _______ the ________ ________ at the same time.

This would lead to __________.

The Competitive

Exclusion Principle

says that…

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Community Interactions

1. ____________1. ____________

2. ____________2. ____________

3. ____________3. ____________

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COMPETITION* OCCURS WHEN ORGANISMS ATTEMPT TO USE

SAME _____________ (FYI…resources : _____, ________, or _____)

creating A WINNER AND A LOSER

* COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE-

NO TWO SPECIES CAN OCCUPY ___________

_______________

2 Kinds of Competition

______________ Competition

Within a population (__________species)

_____________ Competition

Between populations ( ___________species)

Lion vs. HyenaBuck vs. Buck

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________________

• Predator and prey relationships affect _______ ________ and _________

• Predator = organism that kills and eats; the ______

• Prey = food; the ______________32

The relationship between predator and prey

So… What will happen …?1… to the prey population, if

the predator population increases?

2… to the prey population, if the predator population decreases?

3… to the predator population, if the prey population increases?

4… to the predator population, if the prey population decreases?

1… the prey population will _____________.

2… the prey population will _____________.

3… the predator population will ____________.

4… the predator population will ____________.

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Symbiosis• Organisms of 2 Organisms of 2

_________ _______ _________ _______ permanently permanently ““_____________” _____________”

•3 Types3 Types 1. 1. ____________________

2. 2. ____________________ 3. 3. ____________________ Lichens- symbiotic

relationship between __________ & _______

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MutualismMutualism_________

species ________• Ex-

____________ and Sea

Anemone

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CommensalismCommensalism

•Ex- Whale Ex- Whale and and BarnacleBarnacle

One member One member _________ and the _________ and the other is ____ other is ____ helped or helped or harmed.harmed.

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ParasitismParasitism one organism

_________ and the other is __________.

Ex: Dog and a _____Difference between predationpredation and parasitismparasitism...-Parasitism acts _________-Parasites can’t benefit from dead hosts

Let’s Review

1. What kind of symbiotic relationship does a lichen exhibit?

2. Identify 2 organisms that have a predator/prey relationship?

3. Two male gorillas compete for territory. Is this inter-specific or intra-specific competition?

4. The competitive exclusion principle says that no 2 species can occupy the same _______________.

5. What is the difference between a habitat & a niche?

Symbiotic Relationship

Beneficial (+) or Detrimental (-) Organism 1 Organism 1 Organism 2Organism 2

MutualismCommensalismParasitism

• The diagram to the left represents a tree containing three different species of warbler, A, B and C. Each species occupies a different niche.

• A fourth species, D, which has the same environmental requirements as species B, enters the tree at point X. Members of species B will most likely

•A. live in equilibrium with species DB. move to a different level and live with species A or CC. stay at that level but change their dietD. compete with species D for resources