1. Needs for Concurrent Engineering 2. The Concept of PDM ...eislab.gatech.edu/me6754/PDM.pdf · Needs for Concurrent Engineering 2. The Concept of PDM 3. ... ä Commercial/logistics

1. Needs for Concurrent Engineering2. The Concept of PDM3. Functions of PDM4. PDM Development Standards5. Effects of PDM6. Relationship with Other Systems7. Market Growth & Shares8. Technology Trends

AgendaAgenda

Information SharingIntegrated DB

Plan/ConceptMIS/CADDesign

CAD/CAM

Production PlanCIM/MRP

Mfg/Ass’yJIT

Material Flow

MarketingEDI/EC/

Sales,A/S

EDI/EC/MIS/POS

LogisticsEDI/EC

MaintenanceFacility Training

Needs for Concurrent Engineering

Concurrent Engineering

Reduced time(90’s-2000’s)

Improved product quality

(80’s-90’s)

Lowerproduction cost

(70’s-80’s)

Goal Changes in Industry



- In order to reduce the lead time for product development, it is easier to reduce the process time by process control than the development activity time by application tools. - The process time can be reduced by concurrent engineering.

Lead Time for Product Development

Development Activity Time Process Time

Time period reduced by application tools such as CAD, etc.

Time period reduced by processcontrol

SequentialAss’yMfg

Mfg

Suppliers

Analysis

Suppliers

Suppliers

Concept

Design DataShare


Parallel

Integration

Concept Design Analysis

Concept

Design

Analysis

Mfg

Ass’y

reduction

reduction

Lead Time

Cost of aChangeDuring

Life Cycle

Prototype& Test

Delivery A/SProduction

ProductionPlanning

DetailDesign

ConceptualDesign

Number ofChangesDuring

Life Cycle

40

10

20

30

0

With PDM &Concurrent Engineering

Without PDM


PDMwith CE

can reducechange cost

3 A tool that helps people manage both product data and product development process.

3 PDM systems keep track of the masses of data and information required to design, development, manufacture, and then support and maintain products.

3 A tool that helps people manage both product data and product development process.

3 PDM systems keep track of the masses of data and information required to design, development, manufacture, and then support and maintain products.

Definition

The Concept of PDM

u Manages all product-related informationØ Digital files

n Electronic documents: specifications, configurations, purchasing ordersn CAD Drawings, models, parts, assembliesn CAE analysisn Part information, NC programs, and process plans

Ø Images and hard-copy documentsØ Database records

u Manages the process-related informationØ Product release processØ Change management processØ Approval process

Functions

u Manages data throughout the product life cycleSales &

Marketing

Conceptualdesign

Detaileddesign

Prototype& test Production

DeliveryA/S

The Concept of PDM

Examples of Productsu Manufactured products : automobiles, computeru Projects : building, bridge, highwayu Plants : oil refinery, offshore platformu Facilities : airport, railway systemu Assets : utility distribution network

- electricity, telecoms, water, gasu Others : chemistry, pharmacy, food processing

The Concept of PDM

Meta-Database

PDM System

data

Managed Files

Application UserCAD/CAM, NC, Purchasing

Documentation, Etc.

Private Files

data

PDM UserMultiple Applications

data

control

In system view point

The Concept of PDM

````````

3D

Data Vault and DocumentManagement

Classification &Retrieval

Utilities: Communications, Data transport, Data translation, Image services, Administration

Product StructureManagement

Workflow and ProcessManagement

ECO ECOSPEC

Drawings/Documents

ProgramManagement

xxxx

aaa - xx mmbbb - xx mmccc - xx mm

NC

Functions of PDM

Meta-Database

PDM System

Managed Files

PDMApplication

control

Word Processor Files

Analysis Files

CAD Files

Other Electronic Files

One logical database maintained by the PDM system via meta-data

Word ProcessorApplication

AnalysisApplication

CADApplication

OtherApplication

Network

Data Vault & Document Management

DB data

Relationships among Documents

Product Drawing

• components• sub-assmebly• assembly

Jig & Fixture Drawing

• tools• jig, fixture• guage

Process plan

• machining• assembly

Work Instruction

• work standard• maintenance• operation manual

Specification

• product spec.• standards (ISO,ANSI, etc.)

Eng. Change

• ECR• ECO• ECN

Inspection

• inspection spec.• Test results

Quality Spec.

•Inspection spec.•quality mgmt spec.

Data Vault & Document Management

• Business process modeling - also known workflow (ex. electronic approval) • Repetitive workflows and processes are programmed to route data and work packages automatically, to control and monitor processes, and to provide management reporting.• It defines and controls engineering changes to product configurations, part definitions, other product data, data relationships, and data versions and variations.

LOCAL

Engineering Change Notice

GLOBAL

Release Data

RELEASEAPPROVALSUBMITWORKING PRE-RELEASE

packetpacket

Workflow & Process Management

Engineering Change Request

REVIEW

u Design release managementu Engineering Change Requests (ECRs)u Engineering Change Orders (ECRs)u Engineering reviewsu Document production cycleu Purchasing cycleu Bid preparationu Contracts managementu Update of quality plans & proceduresu Problem tracking and resolution


Workflow Examples


Document Release and Approval Process

NewDocument

DesignManager

Submit forChecking

ApproverA

ApproverB

ApproverC

Issue

AuthorFinished

Not Correct

Not Approved

Planned W.I.P Check Approve Released

uProduct structure creation/maintenanceä Part-to-part-to-document relationship (BOM+)

uProduct structure variationsä Multiple product structure views

ä Versions, options, and effectivities

uProduct structure integrationä Configuration control ä BOM synchronization with MRP, CAD,...ä Analysis tools (cost roll-ups,...)

uProduct structure browse/reporting

configuration Access

Part structure information

??? ?? ??

?? ??

01 ASSY

02 BAG

03 BODY

04 CABIN

05 CARD

Product Structure Management

Phone Receiver

RevA

Detail Design DrawingRev C

Test Data

Rev A

Rev B

Analysis Report

Marketing Definition

1. aaaaa2. bbbbb3. ccccc4. ddddd


Rev B


Rev BRev A

Product Structure Management

Model 1Model 2

• It is difficult to reuse existing parts data as the number of data increases.• Systematic management can be achieved by standardization of parts classification.• Grouping of similar parts according to geometry, process, or functions.• Grouping methods: combination of attributes, group technology, clustering, etc.

Hex Head BoltsRound Head BoltsNuts...

Find Bolts

Fasteners Clamps

Mechanical

screws

Components

Electrical

Bolts

Classification & Retrieval

Washers

Parts classi-ficationDrawings classi-fcation

BOM

Process management

PERT/CPM

WBS

SWBS

logistics

productiondesign

Data vault(Repository)

LCN

• It is used to define and control product development projects. • It gives us an overview of the complex tasks that arise when we work on limited-period cost and capacity-intensive projects.• Work Breakdown Structure(WBS) is used to define the structure for organizing and controlling the project and split the project into a hierarchy of individual elements.

Project Management

PDM system in a Network Environment

PDM System Element Applicable Standards

Application Function Elements STEP/PDES, SGML/XML, CCITTG4, CGMApplication Service Elements STEP/PDES, SGML/XML, CCITTG4, CGM

Communication Services X.700, X500, TCP//IP, POS IX, XACompute Services POSIX, DCEPresentation Services Motif, Open Look, XWidow, PHIGS, PEXSecurity Services POSIX, DCEData Services SQL, RDA, OMG

Input/OutputComputing UNIX, XPG3, XPG4, POSIXCommunication Network Ethernet,Token Bus,Token Ring,FDDI

Application Layer SPEP/PDES, SGML/XML, CCITT G4, CGMConceptual Layer SPEP/PDES, SGML/XML, CCITT G4, CGMPhysical Layer SQL, RDA

Application LayerApplication Architecture

Environment Manager

System Service Layer

Network Layer

Data Architecture

PDM Development Standards

Faster Time-to-Market

ReducedChange Costs

Less Scrap Standard PartUsage

ImprovedProductQuality

Persentage of survey Respondents

Projected Benefits(40% of More of Respondents)

Effects of PDMEffects of PDM

QA

ERP CAPP

CAD

Relationship with Other SystemsRelationship with Other Systems

PDMPDM

Difference between CAD & PDM

PDMu Focuses on multiple representations of structure, documents, models, etc.u Manages processes & workflowsu Users are from many disciplinesu Political issues are prevalent

CADu Focuses on part and assembly design

u Produces the product design u Users are designers, engineers, & detailersu Local control, solution focus


CapabilitiesPart/product informationDrawing title blockPart attributesProduct structure/configuration managementClassification & retrievalProcess/workflow mgt. (incl. change mgt.)Vault mgt. (parts/documents)Image services (view/mark-up)

PDMüüüüüüüü

CADüüüü878ü

Functional Comparison between CAD & PDM


Difference between ERP & PDM

u Product configuration/BOMs are core to bothu Many users are beginning to see the overlapu Manufacturing companies always have ERPu As PDM implementations expand, overlap with ERP increases (users, tech.)

PDMPDM BOMBOM ERPERP


CapabilitiesPart/product informationProduct structure/configuration mgt.ClassificationProcess/workflow mgt. (incl. change mgt.)Vault mgt. (parts-documents)Image services (view/mark-up)program mgt.product routings (mfg. processes)product costing

Functional Comparison between ERP & PDM

PDMüüüüüüü77

ERPüüü7878üü


Data Exchange between ERP & PDM

u Information flow is two wayä Engineering/technical data to ERPä Commercial/logistics data to PDM

u Ownership and authority to change must be very clear

PDM ERPParts, BOMs, Eng. Changes

Parts costs, Lead times, Stocks


• 27% growth in 1998 (to $1.4 billion), solid growth.• Growth forecasted through 2003 at 16%.• Market Shares in 1998. - SDRC (Metaphase) 7% , - Documentum (Documentum) 6% - IBM (PM6000) 6% - Engineering Animation 6% - Aspect Development 5% - Parametric Technology Corp (Winchill) 3% - Unigraphics Solutions (IMAN) 3% - Intergraph 3% - MatrixOne (MatrixOne) 2% - INSO (Sherpa), SAP, Baan, CoCreate, etc.

Market Growth & SharesMarket Growth & Shares

• Use of multimedia data - CAD, image, text, video, audio, DB, etc.

• Integration in distributed heterogeneous computing environments - PDM Enabler by use of CORBA- Jflow (joint workflow) by use of CORBA- PDML by use of XML

• STEP-based PDM - to improve data exchangeability among PDM and CAD systems- Version 1.1 announced in Oct., 1998 by PDES & ProSTEP. - PDM schemas designed by adopting common parts of AP203, AP214, and AP232.

Technology TrendsTechnology Trends

• Internet-based PDM - accessible in distributed heterogeneous computing environments- Windchill of PTC

• Use of object-oriented paradigm - UML for modeling- object-oriented DBMS, object-relational DBMS

• Integration with other applications- CAD, ERP, etc.

• Knowledge Based System - Knowledge management, data mining

Technology TrendsTechnology Trends