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1. News Story from last night.
2. What region is Peru located? a. North Americab. Central Americac. South America
3. Why do you think the Panama Canal was important to the United States?
THEODORE ROOSEVELT’S IMPACT ON THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES
"Speak softly, and carry a Big Stick; you will go far." — Theodore Roosevelt
Standard 5b: The student will demonstrate
knowledge of the changing role of the United States from the late nineteenth century through World War I by describing Theodore Roosevelt’s impact on the foreign policy of the United States.
Essential Understanding Roosevelt expanded the Monroe
Doctrine as a way to prevent European involvement in the affairs of Latin American countries.
Results of the Spanish American War: The United States emerged as a world
power. Cuba gained independence from Spain.
The United States gained possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: asserted the United States’ right to
interfere in the economic matters of other nations in the Americas
claimed the United States’ right to exercise international police power
Big Stick Diplomacy United States became known as “The
World’s Policeman” The United States will actively use political
and military force to achieve goals and national policies
This brought about the building of the Panama Canal. The United States wanted a quicker way to
travel from the Atlantic to Pacific oceans.
Changes in United States’ Diplomacy Stance Pres. Theodore Roosevelt brought the United
States out of isolation on world events. He believed that the United States must be
active in the world or lose it valuable trade and hurt the United States economy.
Roosevelt wanted the European powers out of the Western Hemisphere North America, Central America, South America,
and the Caribbean
Labeling the Western Hemisphere Canada USA Mexico Panama Columbia Brazil Chile Bolivia
Nicaragua Venezuela Cuba Jamaica Puerto Rico Dominican Republic Peru
North America, Central America, South America, Carribbean – color these regions on the map
The Panama Canal With U.S. instigation and help, the
Panamanians revolted from Colombia and immediately made a treaty permitting the U.S. to build a canal across the isthmus.
Construction of the Panama Canal began in 1904, and was completed in 1914.
The Panama Canal
Map of the Western Hemisphere
Red line showed path around before the Panama canalThe Green line shows the path used by ships once the Panama Canal was built
Reasons for the United States’ involvement in World War I Inability to remain neutral German unrestricted submarine
warfare: Sinking of the Lusitania United States economic and political
ties to Great Britain The Zimmermann Telegram
Inability to Remain Neutral
The Monroe Doctrine – Europe stays out of Western Hemisphere
U.S. was the “World’s Policeman” The U.S. had trade partners in Europe
England, France, Germany, Russia There were many European Immigrants in
the USA England, Germany, Southern Europe (Austria-
Hungary)
German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare:
U-Boats (Submarine) of Germany attacked ships with torpedoes and deck guns.
They would warn a ship to get everyone off at first, then stopped warning ships.
The Germans would look at the ship’s cargo-if there were materials, they would sink the ship.
Example of ship Sinking: SS Lusitania Warned while in port, U-Boat sank the Lusitania.
United States Economic and Political Ties to Great Britain
Economic Ties: USA and England have strong trade agreements The USA sells many products to UK, and UK sells
many products in the USA
Political Ties: The American colonies were BRITISH, and this was
a key consideration! Even during the American Civil War, the British gave
the USA support, they also gave Money to the Confederates.
The Zimmermann Telegram or Note
The Zimmermann Telegram
In early 1917, British cryptographers were surprised when a encoded German transmission came across their desks. These experts were able to decipher the message.
The Zimmerman telegram was a secret communication from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmerman to the German Minister to Mexico von Eckhardt. It contained an offer of US territory for
Mexico, if it joined the German cause.
The Zimmermann Telegram
The British capitalized on that attitude, and in a politically smart move, they showed the United States the telegram on February 24, 1917.
The United States published the telegram, making the public aware of it on March 1. The public opinion quickly became a definite pro-war.
WAR! Congress officially declared war against
Germany and its allies on April 6, 1917.