2nd Annual Conference and Exhibition on Compressed Natural Gas and Related Industries

26th – 27th July 2009, Olympic Hotel, Iran, I.R. Iran

by

Lee Giok SengExecutive Director

Asia Pacific Natural Gas Vehicles Association (ANGVA)Level 2, Block A, Lot 3288 & 3289

Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi43000 Kajang Selangor, MALAYSIA

Tel: 603 8926 1798 Fax: 603 8926 1834Email: angva@angva.org Website: www.angva.org

NGV: THE SAFETY CHALLENGE

22

Contents

• NGV in Asia Pacific

• Key Drivers & Challenges

• The Safety Challenge

• Conclusion

33

Asia Pacific Natural Gas Vehicles Association (ANGVA)

████ Asia Pacific Region – 58 Countries

(Asia Pacific region comprises of countries in the United Nations Asian Regional Group and Australasia).

VISION

To make natural gas the transportation fuel of choice.

MISSION

Assisting members in their NGV business.

Reducing emissions and greenhouse gases.

Optimising the use of indigenous fuel.

Establishing a platform for harmonising standards.

Encourage development of NGV technology and refuelling infrastructure.

• Website: www.angva.org

• Secretariat Office: Malaysia.

• Main Sponsor: PETRONAS.

44

ANGVA 2009, Donghae, Korea

Dates: 27th – 29th October 2009.

Theme: “Natural Gas for Vehicles – Rising to the Challenge”

Host: Donghae City.

Website: www.angva2009.com

The 3rd ANGVA International Conference & Exhibition

55

ANGVA Green Highways 2009

Objectives:Create awareness and promote NGV, ANGVA, and NGV Infrastructure along the routes.

Promote harmonisation of Standards and Code of Practices along the routes.

To reach Donghae City in time for ANGVA 2009, 27th – 29th Oct ’09.

ANGVA Green Highways Project:

Not about driving from point A to point B.

About creating ‘NGV Highways”

About getting local NGV industry and association involvement.

Tehran, IR Iran

Indonesia

Bangkok

Tianjin

Myanmar

Donghae

ANGVA Green Highway A

Iran - Pakistan – India – Bangladesh -Myanmar - China – Korea.

ANGVA Green Highway B

Indonesia – Singapore – Malaysia – Thailand – Laos – Vietnam - China – Korea.

66(Source: Asian NGV Communications & GVR magazines Feb ‘09 & Others)

Donghae

Kuala Lumpur

Bukit Kayu Hitam

Proposed Cities / Towns Along The Routes

TehranQom

YazdKerman

Mirjayeh

QuettaSukkur

Okkara

Lahore

Koh-I-Dalik

AllahabadAgra

Kanpur

New DelhiAmritsar

Tianjin / Tianjin Port

Shijiazhuang

Wonju

SeoulIncheon

BorderIran / Pakistan

BorderPakistan / India

BorderChina / Korea

Start Green Highway A

Start Green Highway B

Varanasi

Patna

Bhagalpur

Dhaka

Sylhet - Atgan

Mandalay

MogokImphalShenzhen

Dailian

Chengdu Xi’an

Langson

HanoiHo Chi Minh

BorderIndia / Bangladesh

BorderBangladesh / Myanmar Border

Myanmar / China

Surabaya

Johor Bahru

Jakarta

Singapore

Prai

Sadao

Bangkok

Nong KhaiVientiane

Cau Treo

Vinh

Batam

BorderLaos / Vietnam

BorderVietnam / China

BorderMalaysia / Thailand

BorderSingapore / Malaysia

BorderIndonesia / Singapore

BorderThailand / Laos

77

Country No. of Vehicles No. of Stations Remarks

6 Thailand 150,000 310 June ‘09

10 Myanmar 25,802 44 Apr 09

14 Singapore 3,443 3 Jan ‘09

20 Taiwan* 4 1 Apr ‘05

21 Vietnam 2 1 Jan ‘09

15 Indonesia 3,079 9 Apr ‘08

1 Pakistan 2,000,000 2,700 Dec 08

2 IR of Iran 1,215,593 764 Feb ‘09

16 Australia 2,453 146 Mar ‘07

17 United Arab Emirates 305 2 Mar ‘07

19 Philippines 36 1 Feb ‘06

18 New Zealand 283 14 Mar ‘07

Total 4,961,940 6,623

3 India 821,872 402 Apr ‘08

45

789 Japan 36,345 327 Dec ‘08

11 Republic of Korea 17,123 121 June ‘08

12 Tajikistan 10,600 53 Dec ‘07

13 Kyrgyzstan 6,000 6 Dec ‘07

July ‘081,260400,000ChinaNov ‘08Bangladesh 296

Uzbekistan

180,000

47,000 4342,000 120

Dec ‘07

Apr ‘09Malaysia

Current NGV Markets in Asia Pacific

(Source: Asian NGV Communications & GVR magazines Feb ‘09 & Others)

4.96 Million Natural Gas Vehicles and 6600 Stations in Asia Pacific

(Source: Asian NGV Communications & GVR magazines & Others)

88

Key Drivers & Challenges

Key Drivers

Energy Economics Environment

Security & Supply

Transport major energy consumer

Oil supply and price volatile

Stable / Indigenous supply of natural gas

Reduce oil imports

Reduce fuels subsidies

Cheaper source of energy

Reduce air pollution cost

Create local employments

Reduce air pollution esp. in cities.

Climate Change

Global Warming

Biomethane –renewable & Sustainable CNG

Challenges / Key Success Factors

Gov

ern

men

t Su

ppor

t &

Pol

icie

s

Refuelling Infrastructure

(Gas pipelines & Stations)

CNG Price(Compared to Gasoline and Diesel)

Technology & Know-how

(Vehicles, Stations, Engineers, Etc)

Safety(Standards, Regulations, Enforcement)

Awareness & Education (All stakeholders)B

enef

its

to K

ey S

take

hol

ders

99

NGV Safety Incidents

SafetyIncidents

Over PressureFireNon-CNG cylindersDefectsPoor InstallationPoor MaintenanceHuman Error

Gas LeakageGasoline or Diesel LeakageElectrical Short circuitedDefectsPoor InstallationPoor MaintenanceHuman ErrorExternal Factors

ArsonSparking from nozzle during refuelling

Pressure Explosion

Fire Explosion / Burning

Mechanical / Electrical Failure

DefectsPoor InstallationPoor MaintenanceHuman Error

1010

The NGV Safety Challenge

1. NGV or CNG vehicles are as safe as any other vehicles (Gasoline, Diesel, LPG, etc) operating on the roads. The main safety challenge for NGV is the high storage pressure CNG cylinders.

2. CNG cylinders are the highest pressure containment vessel commonly used by the general public. Potential to cause extensive damage and injury if failed. Hence CNG cylinders must not be allowed to fail under any circumstances.

3. Eliminating factors leading to safety incidents

Design / Material / Manufacturing Defects

Poor installation & maintenance

Human

Error

Ignorance

Greed

1111

A Bi-Fuel NGV Taxi Fire Incident (July 8, 2002)

CNG Cylinder Incident in Malaysia

1212

CNG Tank Exploded In Arson Fire (April 11, 2001)

CNG Cylinder Incident in Malaysia

1313

An Acetylene Tank Exploded in CNG Car During Refuelling at CNG Station (November 2007)

CNG Cylinder Incident in Malaysia

1414

CNG Cylinder Incidents in Malaysia

Man Killed When LPG Tank Fitted in a Van Exploded While Filling With CNG (7th November 2008).

An LPG Tank Inside the Boot of a CNG Car Exploded While Car Was Filled with CNG (10th August 2008).

1515

CNG Cylinder Incidents in Thailand

A substandard compressed natural gas (CNG) cylinder in a bus exploded at a PTT gas station in Samut Prakan, Thailand(Bangkok Post, August 9th 2008)

A CNG Truck(7 Cylinders), had a cylinder explosion while filling CNG (no fire occurred) at PTT CNG Refueling Station, Bangkok, Thailand. (30th March 2008).

1616

CNG Cylinder Incidents in Bangladesh

Bangladesh: ‘CNG’ Cylinder Blast(The Daily Star, Dec 12th, 2007)

1 Killed as ‘CNG’ Cylinder Explodes in Vehicle.(The Daily Star, January 11th 2008)

1717

CNG cylinder explosion in IR Iran(4th & 13th May 2008)

CNG Cylinder Incidents in Iran & Canada

CNG cylinder explosion in a van during refuelling in Toronto, Canada (Sept 2003)

1818

CNG cylinder explosion in a bus after being refuelled in Cheongju CNG station, Korea (July 12, 2008)

CNG Cylinder Incidents in Australia & Korea

CNG cylinder explosion in a bus during refuelling in Brisbane, Australia (21st April 2008)

1919

CNG Cylinder Incident in USA:A Near Miss For Firefighters

Honda Civic CNG Car (OEM) Exploded in fire (November 2007)

2020

&

Education Awareness

Plan

Response

Emergency

Inve

stig

atio

ns

Incid

ent

Compliances

Enfo

rcem

entM

onitoring

Standards

Regulations

NGV Safety

Managing Safety

2121

Standards & Regulations And Compliances

Standards &

Regulations

Design & QualificationProduction / ManufacturingInstallationOperation & In-service UseInspection & Re-qualificationDisposal / Scrapping

Compliances

Complying fully? Half-heartedly? or Not at all?Conducting periodic safety assessments and audits:

Self assessments / audits.Third party assessments / audits.

2222

Monitoring

Monitoring

Cylinders Registry / Database System / RFID System?

for checking by relevant parties e.g. vehicle owners, workshops, authorities.

Conversion Workshops

Training Centres

Certified Installers.

Cylinder Inspection Centres and Certified Inspectors

Cylinders already installed in OEMs / imported vehicles.

2323

Enforcement

Enforcement

Periodic Inspection of CNG cylinders.Hydrostatic Test - NZS 5454 - Testing Station? Personnel? Approval?

Visual Inspection - ISO 11439 / UN ECE R110 -Inspection Centre? Personnel? Approval?

ISO 19078: Gas Cylinders – Inspection of the cylinder installation, and re-qualification of high pressure cylinders for the onboard storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles.

Identification of valid / certified CNG cylinders – stickers? RFID System?

Roadside enforcement.

Enforcement during renewal of road-taxes

Retirement of cylinders from services - Service life? Scrapping & Disposal procedures?

Penalty

2424

Education & Awareness

Education &

Awareness

Understanding characteristics of NGV, standards & regulations, compliances, etc.Skilled manpower – ensuring quality installation, operation & maintenance.Addressing human error, ignorance and greed.Modes:

Seminars / Forums / WorkshopsTraining / CoursesBriefing / Awareness sessionsLeaflets / Manuals

To be conducted by:Cylinder manufacturers / suppliersConversion workshopsCNG Sellers /Gas Producers / SuppliersAuthoritiesAssociations / Clubs

2525

Emergency Response Plan & Incident Investigations

Emergency Response

Plan

Training and Awareness for Rescue Personnel (Fire Services Dept., Police, etc) on safety procedure and precaution for NGV vehicles involving in accidents.

Incident Investigations

Serious accidents investigations and recommendations.

Actions to be taken / Recalls.

Traceability of cylinder manufacturer batch incase of need to recall defective batches.

Regulatory / Monitoring Body.

2626

• NGV or CNG vehicles are as safe as any other vehicles (Gasoline, Diesel, LPG, etc) operating on the roads. The main safety challenge for NGV is to prevent CNG cylinders explosion.

• A Safety Management System must be put in place to meet the safety challenge.

• Standards and Regulations are starting point of a Safety Management System, followed by Compliances, Monitoring, Enforcement, and Education & Awareness. Emergency Response Plan and Incident Investigations are also important part of the safety management system.

• Some countries have successfully manage the safety of their NGV industries. Their experiences need to be shared and ANGVA can facilitate the exchange and sharing of these information and experiences.

Conclusion

2727

&

Education Awareness

Plan

Response

Emergency

Inve

stig

atio

ns

Incid

ent

Compliances

Enfo

rcem

entM

onitoring

Standards

Regulations

NGV Safety

THANK YOU