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• 1.- Physical or mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v e n i e n t s

1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

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Page 1: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

• 1.- Physical ormechanical problems:– Problems originated by

the development of rootsystem.

– Root-Sprouts.– Thorns.

Inconvenients

Page 2: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Inconvenients

• 2.- Problems related withpeople’s health.

– Poison substances. – Provoke allergy. – Plagues.

• 3.- Problems that interfere withthe environment.– Species that impoverish the soil.– Unpleasant smells.– Fruits that dirty the soil.– Allelopathic substances.

Page 3: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 4: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 5: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 6: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Fallos del tronco (III)

Page 7: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 8: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Managing risk – can we prove we can do better and still keep beautiful

street trees?

Woman killed as bus hits tree in Tower Bridge RoadTuesday 28 May 2008

Page 9: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 10: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 11: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 12: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 13: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 14: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 15: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Europe.

�1989 - Sinn and Wessolly : physical methods.

�1994 - Mattheck and Breloer : VTA (Visual Tree Assessment).

�1995-2003. SIM (Static Integrated Method) (Wessolly, 1995), SIA (Static Integrated Assessment) (Wessolly, 1995, 2003) and the new diagnostic tools(fractometer, resistograph o, Picus, Arbotom, etc.).

�During the last 20 years, the development and improvement in the hazard tree assessment had been extraordinary: Peltola, Gardiner, Spatz, Sterken, Horacek, Brudi, Koralik; Ellison, Cullen, among others.

Historic Line. The origin.

Page 16: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 17: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Spain. Spanish situation is less evolved.

� No more information and methodology in Spanish language.

� Publications:

1.- Ezquerra y Gil (2001), que estudiaron la anatomía de la madera del Pinus pinaster y analizaron la distribución de cargas.

2.-Calleja (1999) que muestra una de las primeras traducciones del método VTA en España.

3.- Calaza e Iglesias (2000).

4.- Rodríguez et al. (2000), que realizaron un estudio patológico de arbolado urbano en Madrid y los trabajos presentados en el congreso arboricultura celebrado en Barcelona (Sánchez, 2005).

5.- Calaza (2007, 2008, 2009, 2010).

6.- Calaza e Iglesias (2012).

Page 18: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

¿dangerous?

Page 19: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 20: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 21: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

HAZARDHAZARDHAZARDHAZARD

TREETREETREETREE

BIOLOGY

BOTANIC

EDAPHOLOGY

SOLID MECHANIC

ESTATIC

HISTORY

TOPOGRAPHY

MANAGEMENT-ECONOMY

PATHOLOGY

DENDROMETRY

Discipline´s Tree

Page 22: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Neville Fay

Page 23: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban TTTTree ree ree ree MMMManagement. anagement. anagement. anagement.

Case study: La Coruña (Spain). Case study: La Coruña (Spain). Case study: La Coruña (Spain). Case study: La Coruña (Spain).

PPPProjectrojectrojectroject summary summary summary summary

Page 24: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Where is LCG?

Page 25: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 26: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

UUUUrbanrbanrbanrban FFFForestryorestryorestryorestry MMMManagement (UFM)anagement (UFM)anagement (UFM)anagement (UFM)

situation?situation?situation?situation?

Our experienceOur experienceOur experienceOur experience…………

Page 27: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Objective of ufm.

•To optimize the leaf area of the entire urban forest by

establishing and maintaining a canopy of genetically

appropriate (adapted & diverse) trees (and shrubs) with

minimum risk to the public, and in a cost-effective manner.

- Dr. Andy Kenney

Ob

jectiv

es

Page 28: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Negatives Positives

Time and form

Multidisciplinar teams

Transversal and vertical communication and

information

Management plan byGIS

Lack of knowledges about disciplines relationated to arboriculture. May be

technicians not adequate???

Political and/or citizens stress

Lack of coherent management

Lack of coordination among differentdepartments of public administration.

Factors

thatinfluence

UF

M

Page 29: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Strategic Urban Forest Management Plan

Goals and

ObjectivesTree Inventory Plan Components

Public Education /

Communication

Trees

Plantable

Spots

Mapping/GIS

Inventory

Maintenance

Tree

Establishment

Maintenance Plan

Tree Protection

Plan

Plant Health Care

Plan

Communication Plan

Heritage Trees

Community

Partnership

Hazard/Risk

Abatement Plan

History and

Context

Policies

Management

Zones

Budget

Shaded areas are found in all plan levels

Page 30: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v
Page 31: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Goals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and Objectives

1.1.1.1.---- Technical/Scientific.Technical/Scientific.Technical/Scientific.Technical/Scientific.

2.2.2.2.---- Company. Company. Company. Company.

3.3.3.3.---- Natural, social, public health, energy…Natural, social, public health, energy…Natural, social, public health, energy…Natural, social, public health, energy…

Page 32: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Goals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and Objectives

a)a)a)a) TechnicalTechnicalTechnicalTechnical ////scientificscientificscientificscientific objetivesobjetivesobjetivesobjetives::::

Improvement of Tree Hazard riskassessment with the use of

scientific tools.

Improvement of the knowledge

in the field of Science and

tecnology in mechanical

resistance of tree collapse.

Protocol of work proposal.

Page 33: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Goals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and Objectives

Improvement of the Galician competitiviness

in the specific field of Tree Hazard risk

assessment with the use of scientific tools.

Improvement of the technical skills of thetecnicians of project (Specific form /Field praxis).

Improvement in the rational management of the

tree heritage by means of GIS System.

b) b) b) b) CompanyCompanyCompanyCompany objetives:objetives:objetives:objetives:

Page 34: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Goals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and ObjectivesGoals and Objectivesc) c) c) c) Natural and social :Natural and social :Natural and social :Natural and social :

Improveness of the knowledge of Urban tree of LCG.Composition, problems, opportunities, territorial planning guides, etc.

Improvement the state of urban trees in the city of La Coruña with the direct

result in: better photosynthesis activity , environmental improvements,…

Better selection of species in microspaces that allows a complete development

(crowns complete and healthy); •Change in the PRUNING typology to get a more rational and coherent it.

•Trees healthier, S/volume of the crown higher with the consecuent benefits, CO2 emissions minimization (few resources…). Plastic, visual and amenity improveness: cities healthier with higher visual enrichment.

Energy: Ecosistemic services. Urban tree healthier, bigger, natural---Optimizationof benefits… more ecosistemic services… more energy savings.

Public Health: …

Page 35: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Tree Management.

Case study: La Coruña (Spain).

InventoryInventoryInventoryInventory

Visual Visual Visual Visual biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical analysisanalysisanalysisanalysis

Instrumental Instrumental Instrumental Instrumental biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical analysis.analysis.analysis.analysis.

Potential Potential Potential Potential risk risk risk risk analysis.analysis.analysis.analysis.

PhytopathologicalPhytopathologicalPhytopathologicalPhytopathological analysis.analysis.analysis.analysis.

Special diseases management. Special diseases management. Special diseases management. Special diseases management.

Vegetal Material Selection

Page 36: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Tree Management.

Case study: La Coruña (Spain).

InventoryInventoryInventoryInventory

Visual Visual Visual Visual biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical analysisanalysisanalysisanalysis

Instrumental Instrumental Instrumental Instrumental biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical biomechanical analysis.analysis.analysis.analysis.

Potential Potential Potential Potential risk risk risk risk analysis.analysis.analysis.analysis.

PhytopathologicalPhytopathologicalPhytopathologicalPhytopathological analysis.analysis.analysis.analysis.

Special diseases management. Special diseases management. Special diseases management. Special diseases management.

Vegetal Material Selection

Page 37: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Tree Management.

Case study: La Coruña (Spain).

Phase 1.Phase 1.Phase 1.Phase 1.---- Urban forestry inventory. Urban forestry inventory. Urban forestry inventory. Urban forestry inventory.

Page 38: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Arbomap. GIS-base soft.Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Tree Management.

Case study: La Coruña (Spain).

Page 39: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

Integration of Hazard Risk Assessment in Urban Tree Management.

Case study: La Coruña (Spain).

URBAN INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

TOTAL S (m2) 38399364.02

GREEN S (m2) 1701699.9

INHHABITANTS 247553

TREES 15.643

GREEN S (m2)/TOTAL (m2) 0.04

GREEN VERDE (m2)/ N INHABITANTS 6.87

DENSITY (Trees / m2) 0.00036

INHABITANTES / Trees 17.69

RE

SU

LTS

Page 40: 1.- Physical or I mechanical problems: n c o n v n t s · mechanical problems: – Problems originated by the development of root system. – Root-Sprouts. – Thorns. I n c o n v

BIODIVERSITY STUDY- SANTAMOUR, 2002.

Nº of trees of the sameGENUS <20%

Nº of trees of the sameFAMILY < 30% TOTAL

Specie 1 Specie 2

Tree1

Tree 2

Tree 3

Genus 1

Genus 2

Genus 3

Genus 1

Genus 2

Genus 3

Nº trees of the sameSPECIE<10% TOTAL


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