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ABB* | Slide *SUBSTATION TRAINING1. Primary componentsJohnny
Haga, Transmission and Distribution Substations, 12.3.2010
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ABB* | Slide *Primary components, contents1. Circuit breaker2.
Disconnector3. Current transformer4. Voltage transformer5. Surge
arrester6. Composite insulators
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsConstructionBreaking
element(s)Breaking chamber, interrupter chamber, interrupter
housing, etc.Contains interrupter, interrupting mediumSupport
insulatorLine-to-ground insulatorContains insulated pull-rod,
insulating mediumOperating mechanismStored energy, secondary
wiringCircuit breaker
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breakerDifferent
types
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breakerDevelopmentthe
sixtiesAir Blastthe seventies & the eightiesthe eighties &
the ninetiesSF6 GasOil
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breaker
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breaker
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breaker
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breaker
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCircuit breaker
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsDisconnectorVisual separation
pointHand or motor operated, speed is not vitalCant normally switch
load currentCan have earthing switch on one or both sides Normally
three-phase operated, higher voltages single-phase operated
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsDisconnectorDisconnector
typesCENTER BREAKVERTICAL BREAKPANTOGRAPHDOUBLE BREAK
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsDisconnector Rated voltage (kV)
72.5/90/123/145/170/ 245/300/420/550 Rated current (A)
1600/2500/3150/4000Main features: Little maintenanceCenter
break
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsDisconnectorDouble break Rated
voltage (kV) 123/145/170/245/300 420/550 Rated current (A)
2500/3150/4000Main features: Easy and simple erection Little
maintenance
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsDisconnectorPantograph Rated
voltage (kV) 123/145/170/245/300 420/550 Rated current (A)
3150/4000Main features: Minimal installation area Short assembly
time Little maintenance
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsDisconnectorVertical breakMain
features: Rated voltage (kV) 245/420 Rated current (A)
2500/3150/4000 Strong resistance against dynamic forces Little
maintenance
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsInstrument transformers
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsCurrent transformerRelay or
meter burden nowadays < 2 VADistance from CT to relay is
normally around 100200 mThis will give for 1 A, 200 m and 2.5 mm2 a
burden of 1.4 VA, and for 5 A , 200 m and 2.5 mm2 a burden of 35
VAThe cable burden is 25 times for 5 A compared to 1 A!If using 10
mm2 instead of 2.5 mm2 for 5 A, the burden will be 8.75 VAThe total
burden would then be 5 VA for 1 A and 15 VA for 5 AThe 5 A core
must be 3 times larger than 1 A core, and also a more expensive
cable is to be used1 or 5 A secondary?
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformer
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsVoltage transformerRelay or
meter burden nowadays < 2 VAThe accuracy class of the voltage
transformer is normally fulfilled from 25 % to 100 % of the rated
burdenBelow 25 % of rated burden, the measuring error will
increaseMinimum error is typically at 75 % of rated burdenOlder
specifications may call for high burden on instruments
transformers, from times of electromechanical relays and meters
Do not overdimension
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arresterOvervoltage
stresses
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arresterWhere shall surge
arresters be placed?
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arresterWhere shall surge
arresters be placed?
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arrester
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsSurge arresterSurge arrester
monitoring
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsComposite insulatorsAll
customers dont accept these!
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsComposite insulators
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsComposite insulators
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsComposite insulators
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ABB* | Slide *Primary componentsComposite insulators
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