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Steve Madden
Technical Marketing Engineer
Signaling Technology Review
2
Agenda
Introduction to Signaling and SS7
SS7 Network Infrastructure
SS7 Protocols
Evolution of Signaling (TDM to IP/SIGTRAN)
Signaling Applications
3
What Is Signaling? How Is It used?
SIGTRAN (SIGnaling TRANsport) IP telephony protocol used to transfer SS7 signals over IP networks.
SS7 set of protocols used inside networks for wireline and wireless services.
M3UA M2PA
SCTP
IP
Physical
Using signaling technology, communications systems developers can
• Build large, scalable core network platforms (HLR, SMS-C, IP…)
• Integrate data and information to enable high-value services
• Manage advanced capabilities such as call forwarding, wireless roaming, and prepaid billing etc
4
Features of SS7
Single signaling channel may control many (voice, data) circuits. Signaling is on lines physically separated from voice/data.
Network protocol, very reliable and robust
Redundant hardware and routing (primary & alternate) paths to ensure high reliability
World-wide standard for digital networks, fixed and mobile
Backbone for ISDN, Mobile and Intelligent Networks (IN)
5
Agenda
Introduction to SS7
SS7 Network Infrastructure
SS7 Protocols
Evolution of signaling (TDM to IP/SIGTRAN)
Signaling Applications
6
SS7 Network Architecture
Signaling network separate from voice network
Purpose is to transport data messages between nodes for:
• Call control (wireline & wireless)
• Advanced services (e.g. SMS, LNP)
• Network management
All nodes are called Signaling points
• Message discrimination
• Route messages to another Signaling point
7
Signaling Points
Uniquely identified by a numeric Point Code
Point codes are carried in messages to identify
• Source
• Destination
Each SP uses a routing table to select a signaling path
3 different types:
• Service Switching Point (SSP)
• Signal Transfer Point (STP)
• Service Control Point (SCP)
8
Signaling Points review
9
SS7 Terminology
Point Code
• Address of a Signaling Point in an SS7 network
• 14 bits in ITU-T, 24 bits in ANSI
Signaling link
• Logical channel carrying SS7 Signaling traffic
• Low Speed Link: 64 or 56 kb/s timeslot in an E-1/T-1 trunk or separate V.35 serial connection
• High Speed Link: 1.5 Mb/s (T1) or 2 Mb/s (E1)
• Usually configured to handle 20-40 % of available bandwidth
Link Set
• Collection of up to 16 Signaling links between two adjacent point codes
10
Point Codes, Links and Link sets
11
Circuit identification Code
12
Base Station Subsystem
Mobile ApplicationsMobile ApplicationsRoaming Messaging Roaming Messaging
Location-based ServicesLocation-based Services
Intelligent NetworksIntelligent Networks800, LNP, Prepaid800, LNP, Prepaid
Mobile Switching
Center (MSC)
Home/VisitorLocation Register
(HLR/VLR)
Service ControlPoint(SCP)
SignalTransfer
Point(STP)
SS7/PSTN
Network
Signaling
Service Point(SSP)
localSwitch (SSP)
Network Architectures
CAMEL Service Environment
(CSE)
13
Agenda
Introduction to SS7
SS7 Network Infrastructure
SS7 Protocols
Evolution of signaling (TDM to IP/SIGTRAN)
Signaling Applications
14
SS7 is not just a single protocol
Suite of protocols
Each of the protocols have a defined interface and function
Why SS7 protocols?
15
SS7 Protocols
MTP1
MTP2
MTP3
SCCP
TCAP
INAP/AIN(INAP- ETSI CAMEL-GSM)
IS41/GSM(IS41
IS826/WIN)
ISUP TUPCall Control
MessageTransferPart
Mobile/WirelessMessaging andIntelligentNetworking
16
MTP 2
The link control layer
Ensures that messages (a.k.a. Signal Units) are sent point to point error free and in sequence
17
MTP 3
Routing messages between various Signaling points in the network
Load sharing
Route failure management
18
ISUP
ISDN User Part
Defines messages and procedures to support ISDN calls and supplementary services inside the network
Media (voice) is carried in a 64kbps timeslot, each timeslot is assigned a Circuit Identification Code
19
Telephony architecture
20
SCCP
Signaling Connection Control Part
Provides the capability of exchanging free format data (other than call control messages) between nodes in the SS7 network
Augments MTP3 addressing capabilities
Provides management of the state of the entities (sub-systems) that exchange data
21
SCCP network architecture
22
TCAP
Transaction Capabilities Application Part
Provides a structured interface to control operations executed between physically independent nodes in the SS7 network
Operations and their results are managed within a session (or a dialogue/transaction)
23
TC Application parts
GSM-MAP: ETSI mobile application part (SMS, HLR interrogation, USSD …)
IS41-MAP: ANSI mobile application part
INAP: Intelligent networking (1-800, Intelligent call routing …)
CAMEL (Customised Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic
24
SMS message flow
1. Mobile sends text message
2. MSC routestext message
to SMSC
3. SMSC asks HLRfor current location ofcalled subscriber
4. Message delivered tocalled subscriber
MSC/VLR
SMSC
HLRMSC/VLR
25
Agenda
Introduction to SS7
SS7 Network Infrastructure
SS7 Protocols
Evolution of signaling (TDM to IP/SIGTRAN)
Signaling Applications
26
The Signaling Future – coming soon!
The network is starting to shift to IP
SS7 is as important as ever – maybe even more so!
SIGTRAN is crucial
27
2.5 Generation Network - SS7 signaling
MSC
PrepaidHLR
RAN
AuC
EIR
VLR
GMSC
SGSN GGSN
SMSC
GMLC
GSM MAP SS7
28
Typical Next Generation Network - a mix of signaling technology
IP Transport
Media Gateway
Signalling Gateway
Signalling Converter
PSTN
ISUP
DNPSS
ISUP
G704
RTP
ISUP/M3UA
SIPISUP/M3UA
Media Gateway controller
Signalling Converter
ISUP/M3UA
C5
SIGTRAN/SIP
Gateway
Media Gateway
RTP
SIP
MSC Server
SMSC
SIP-Diameter
IWF
Prepaid
CAPSUARo
CAP SUA
RoSIP ISC
E/SUASMS SIP Gateway
E/SUASIP
BICC ISUPM3UA
HLR/HSS
D/SUA
CSUA
Sh
H.248
RAN
SS7 over SIGTRAN
29
What is SIGTRAN?
Suite of protocols including:
• SCTP – Stream Control Transmission Protocol
• M3UA – MTP3 User Adaptation Layer
• M2PA – MTP2 Peer to Peer Adaptation Layer
• M2UA – MTP2 User Adaptation Layer
• SUA – SCCP User Adaptation Layer
• IUA – ISUP User Adaptation Layer
Designed to carry SS7 messages over IP in a standards based way.
30
SCTP
Common component to all SIGTRAN systems.
Allows point to point pipes to be created
• Interfaces directly to IP
• Reliable sequenced delivery
• Similar to TCP but better
Offers IP resilience ‘SCTP Multihoming’
Fast recognition of link failure
Fast retransmission procedures
Strong flow control procedures
M3UA M2PA
SCTP
IP
Physical
31
M2PA
M2PA unique to SIGTRAN
– it replaces MTP2 links.
Used between two point codes
Used over short or long distances
M3UA M2PA
SCTP
IP
Physical
32
M3UA, SUA ‘User Adaptation’ layers
M3UA enables MTP3 user Signaling e.g. SCCP, ISUP over SCTP
SUA enables SCCP User Signaling (TCAP) over SCTP
M3UA SUA
SCTP
IP
Physical
• Offer Standards based interface
• Interface to SCTP and SS7 protocols
• Transparently move SS7 from one place to the next
33
Agenda
Introduction to SS7
SS7 Network Infrastructure
SS7 Protocols
Evolution of signaling (TDM to IP/SIGTRAN)
Signaling Applications
34
Just a Few Applications Using Signaling …
Prepaid
Roaming
Push to Talk
SMS Router
Missed Call AlertCRBT
(Colour Ring Back Tone)
SoftSwitch
HLR(Home Location Register)
Number Portability
LBS(Location Based Service)
SMS Center
Unified Messaging
AuC(Authentication)
Billing
Call Control
35
Color Ring Back Tones
Replacement of traditional ring back tones by user-defined announcements (examples: songs, messages, sound effects)
Calling party hears the “color” ring
Called party subscribes to the service
Value added service designed for the youth market
segment
36
Call Enhanced with Color Ring Back Tones
1. Peter dials Maureen’s
mobile number
2. CRBT app looks up which
ring tone Maureen has selected
for Peter to hear
3. Peter hears Color Ring
Back Tone until Maureen answers
Color Ring Back Tones Demonstration
SS7G2x Signaling Server with ISUPSS7G2x Signaling Server with ISUP
Or Intelligent Network signalingOr Intelligent Network signaling
37
Video Call Integration in SS7
Video CapableMobile Phone
MSC
3G(circuit
switched)
3G - 3
24M
on
E1IP
Video Gateway
Video Messaging Server SIP End
Points
RTP G.7
11SIP
3G – 324M
on E1
SIP
Q: How does a Video Service Provider connect to circuit switched mobileQ: How does a Video Service Provider connect to circuit switched mobile
networks to provide Video services?networks to provide Video services?
38
Video Video GatewayGateway
3G – 324M3G – 324M
Signaling Signaling ServerServerSS7G21SS7G21
SS7 ISUPSS7 ISUP
RTP G.7
11
RTP G.7
11SIPSIP
Video Video CapableCapableMobile Mobile PhonePhone
MSC
3G
3G 324M Using ISDN PRI or SS7
IPVideo Gateway
Video Video Messaging Messaging
ServerServer
SIP End Points
RTP G.711SIP
3G –324M
SIP
• ‘Video Gateway’ acts as SIU host
• Enables the Video Gateway to be directly connected with circuit switched 3G networks!
A: Using Video Gateway andIntel NetStructure® Signaling Server
39
Circuit switched 3G network using 3G 324m protocol
1. Peter makes a call from a video enabled handset to Maureen’s mobile number (3G 324m call)
2. Multi Media RBT app looks up which
Video / audio clip Maureen has selected
for Peter to see and hear!
3. Peter sees and hears MM RBT
until Maureen answers
SS7G2x Signaling Server with ISUPSS7G2x Signaling Server with ISUP
+ Intelligent Network signaling+ Intelligent Network signaling
Multi Media Ring Back Tones
40
Access WiFi hotspots via SMS commands from mobile phone
WiFi fees are applied to mobile phone bill
End-user benefitsConvenient alternative to using a credit card
Secure method of acquiring WLAN login information – mobile subscriber authentication uses an operator-supplied mobile phone SIM card to ensure only legitimate users access the WLAN
Mobile operator benefitsNew revenue source
Low volumes of access traffic, no new voice traffic is carried
WLAN Authentication
41
Base StationSubsystem
Visiting MSC
VLR
1. SMS message is sent requesting hotspot access password
Home MSC
HLR
4. User enters password to access hotspot
Wireless Access Point
EAP Radius802.1x
Authentication Platform
SS7 Link
Wireless Network
IP Connection
5. User is authenticated; records are forwarded to billing servers
3. Authentication platform generates password and sends SMS message back to user’s mobile phone
SMSC
Intel Signaling Server
2. SMSC forwards request to GSM authentication platform
WLAN Authentication Sample Implementation
42
LBS locates friends, family members, and co-workers
Growing application in youth and family market segments
Can be permission-based to protect privacy
Location-Based Services: Friend Finder
43
Friend Finder Sample Demonstration
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Your mobile(9735556789)
Friend’s mobile(9735552456)
Your mobile(9735556789)
Ask your friend to give youpermission to check locationTo ask for permission to check location, just send “add <friend’s mobile number>” to 9085551234.
Your friend sends OK to your request
Your friend can simply send an SMS message “ok <your mobile number>” to 9085551234.
Now you can locate your friendAfter you get permission as above, simply send “find <friend’s mobile number>” to 9085551234.
44
Signaling Technology Review
- Hybrid networks developing now
- Hot signaling applications drive revenue growth
- Intel Signaling Solutions meet worldwide customer needs
Questions?
45
Thank You!
Copyright © Intel Corporation 2006.
Intel, Intel Dialogic, Intel NetStructure, Intel Xeon, and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
All rights reserved.