1.0 Introduction 2009

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Global Maritime Distress and

Safety System

IMO Model Course 1.25

Revised Edition 2007

7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009


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1.1 The Course.1 Background and Purpose

Required on Cargo vessels >300 GT and all

Passenger vessels on International voyages

- Replace the 1974 SOLAS Convention

Requirement of a continuous radio watch on

international distress frequencies

500 KHz (MF) Morse Radiotelegraph

2182 KHz (MF) SSB RT

VHF #16 156.8 MHz RT

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Basic Concept

Old System – ship-to-ship distress operations

New System – notification of SAR authoritiesashore and ships in area (minimum delay in a wellcoordinated SAR operation attempt).

Dates of Implementation (Phase in Timeline)

1988 – GMDSS adopted by IMO

February 1, 1992 Comply with GMDSS or

Chapter IV of SOLASAugust 1, 1993 NAVTEX RX + Satellite EPIRB

February 1, 1995 SART and Lifeboat VHF

February 1, 1999 – full GMDSS package required

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Developments since 1999

Continuous radio watch must provide:

.1 a distress alerting and communicationchannel for non-SOLAS vessels, and

.2 bridge-to-bridge communications forSOLAS ships.

SOLAS IV/12 remains unchanged in that,

every ship, shall maintain, where practicable, a continuous watch on VHF#16

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1.0 IntroductionFurther GMDSS developments

2002 – III/26 increase SART on liferafts on Ro-Ro Passenger ships(1 SART/4 Liferafts)

2000+2006 – SOLAS V (Safety of Navigation,AIS for long range ID and vessel tracking with

GMDSS VHF2002 – Chapter XI – Ship security alert systemwith GMDSS distress and safety.

December 2006 – INMARSAT EPIRB 1.6 Ghz

eliminatedDecember 31, 2007 – INMARSAT A analogsignals discontinued (not supported by newestsatellites)

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.1 Definition of Sea Areas (4 areas ofmarine communication=ranges)(Figure1.1)

A1 – RT coverage of >1 VHF-DSC CoastStation (30-50 nm from CS).

A2 – RT coverage of >1 MF-DSC CoastStation (150-400 nm from CS), excludes A1

A3 – coverage (footprint) of INMARSAT

geo-stationary satellite (76o

N – 76o

S),excludes A1 + A2

A4 – Polar Regions (north of 76o N, south of76oS), excludes A1, A2, A3

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1.1.1 Sea Areas Figure 1.1

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1.1.2 Minimum GMDSS Carriage Requirements

Figure 1.2 (S1-1)

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Digital Selective Calling (DSC)

Automated access to Coast Stations andships during distress or emergency viaVHF, MF, HF, or INMARSAT Comms.

Automated Message Contents

Name of vessel

Nature of distress

Last recorded position

Time (UTC) of last recorded position

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GMDSS Functional Requirements

1. Tx ship to shore distress alert, by 2 separate andindependent means

2. Rx shore to ship distress alerts

3. Tx + Rx ship to ship distress alerts4. Tx + Rx SAR communications

5. Tx + Rx On-Scene SAR communications

6. Tx + Rx Locating Signals

7. Tx + Rx Maritime Safety Information

8. Tx + Rx General Radio Comms. with shore

9. Tx + Rx Bridge to Bridge Communications

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.2 Requirements for GMDSS Installation

Equipment per Sea Area – Figure 1.2

Maintenance Requirements – to ensure theavailability of GMDSS equipment

duplication of equipment shore-based maintenance

at-sea electronic maintenance with

GMDSS Maintainer CertificationA1 + A2 one of the above

A3 + A4 two of the above

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.3 GMDSS Certification Requirements

Beyond VHF Range (A2, A3, A4) must have

General Operator’s Certificate (GMDSS-O)

70 hour IMO Course + FCC 1, 7

If “at Sea Maintenance” (GMDSS-M)70 hour IMO Course, + FCC 1, 3, 7, 8, 9

After STCW 1995 Implementation Date,

February 1, 2002 all Officers in Charge of the Navigational Watch (OCINW) required.

During actual distress Captain cannot be the

Primary GMDSS-Operator.

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The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System(GMDSS) consists of many separate sub-systems

being implemented in a coordinated and agreed uponmanner. The coordination enables a ship which is indistress to send a distress alert in various ways and be

virtually certain that it will be heard and acted upon.Search and Rescue authorities ashore, as well asshipping in the immediate vicinity of the ship indistress, will be rapidly alerted so they can assist in a

coordinated Search and Rescue operation withminimum delay. The system also provides urgency(medical assistance) and safety communications anddisseminates maritime safety information, including

navigational and meteorological warnings.

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General

Concept

ofGMDSS

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Documents

1.0 Introduction 2009