10 Race Relations Progress Report

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Race Relations Progress Reportfor Jacksonville, Florida

Sixth Annual Edition, 2010

Jacksonville Community Council Inc.


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Executive Summary

Introduction

Perceptions of Race Relations

Section

Education

Employment and Income

Housing and Neighborhoods

Health

Justice and Legal System

Civic Engagement and the Political System

About JCCI

JCCI Model for Community Change

Champion

W.C. Gentry

WorkSource

SunTrust

Aetna

The Justice Coalition

Waste Management

JCCI, through its reliable research and decades of experience, provides the mortar that joins the best ideaswith the best intentions to build a better future for our community. At Terrell Hogan, we are committed tothis effort, so we congratulate JCCI for its exceptional and innovative work in identifying emerging trendsand presenting a clear picture of our communitys progress in this 6th edition of the Race Relations ProgresReport.

We are glad to serve as Title Sponsor and to partner in thisimportant work with the City of Jacksonville and the specialChampions listed above.

Wayne HoganPresident, Terrell Hogan

The 2010 Race Relations Progress Report Review Committee was chaireCleve Warren.

Committee members included:

Inderjit Vicky Basra

William Casey Bulgin

Anthony Butler

Adrienne ConradDavid Crow

Brenda Ezell

Laureen Husband

Mai Keisling

Celeste Krueger

Karen Landry

Isabelle Lopez

JenniferManseld

Bobbie OConnor

Michele SnowCharlene Taylor Hill

Michael Wachholz

Dennis Wade

JeffriAnne Wilder

Antoinette Williams

Dottie Wilson

Tableo

fContents


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Exe

cutiveSummary

Race relations can be an appropriate issue, but only if you want to craft solutions and not catalogue complaints. Ifwe use the issue appropriately, we can transform it from the cancer of our society into the cure.

- David N. Dinkins, former Mayor of New York City

This edition of Jacksonvilles Race Relations Progress Report provides the sixth annual report card for measuring our progressn reducing and eventually eliminating race-based disparities. It is meant to provide the facts upon which communityolutions can ultimately be based.

This Report, and the ve that have preceded it, are valuable tools in documenting Jacksonvilles progress, or lack thereof, inddressing racial disparities in our community. The Report means nothing, however, if it is read once, then relegated to sit

n a shelf collecting dust. Instead, it should serve as a catalyst for organizations and individuals throughout the communityo stand up and do something about our problems. Each of us has a responsibility to help achieve a Jacksonville thatrovides equal opportunity and fair treatment for all of its citizens, regardless of race, ethnicity or income. We can no longer

ook to someone else to act.

Trend lines indicate that progress in many areas is slow, stagnant, or even in a few cases deteriorating. Indeed, the gapetween blacks and whites in the perception of whether racism is even a problem in Jacksonville widened by sevenercentage points from 2009 to 2010. The indicators in this Report clearly show that signicant racial disparities continueo exist in this community, and it is clear to the Review Committee that public accountability for dealing with these

disparities is long overdue.

A recurring theme in this years Review Committee meetings was the recognition that Jacksonville has truly become amulti-cultural community. In particular, the rapidly growing Hispanic and Asian populations and the disparities they face

cannot be ignored and must be addressed. While data availability is regrettably scarce on some of the Reports indicatorsor Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans, it is the stated goal of the Committee that the multi-cultural makeup of theommunity be thoroughly reected in all future editions of this Report.

ome of the specic challenges highlighted in the Report include:

Education: Signicant disparities exist in each education-related indicator measured, but particularly revealing are thehockingly low percentages of public school children reading at grade level. It is unacceptable that only one of two whitend Asian tenth graders does so, but the picture is worse for Hispanic students with one in three successfully reading at the0th-grade level, and worse yet for Black students with a dismal 17 percent reading at grade level.

Employment and Income: The impact of the recent recession, overlaid by our problems in public education, continues towiden racial disparities, particularly unemployment and under-employment. Unemployment rates for blacks now exceed 17

ercent, and over 8 percent for whites. Hispanics and Asians fare moderately better than whites.

Housing and Neighborhoods: At rst glance, it may seem encouraging that the percentage of black homeowners paying 30ercent or more of their household income for housing decreased by four percent over the prior year. The reality, however,

s that many black families were forced from their homes and became renters, and the increase in the percentage of blackenters paying 30 percent or more for housing more than offset the decrease among black homeowners.

Health: While infant mortality rates declined for all racial and ethnic groups measured, the rate of decline was muchigher for white infants, increasing the disparity. The number of new HIV cases increased rapidly among black residents inacksonville, and declines in the cancer death rates were largely replaced by an increase in the heart disease death rate amonglack residents.

ustice and the Legal System: The gap in inmate admissions among white and black offenders narrowed slightly, buthats hardly cause for celebration as the incarceration rate for blacks is still more than three times that of whites.

Civic Engagement and Politics: Elected ofcials in Jacksonville in 2010 are 81 percent white and 19 percent black,epresenting a sharp increase of 13 points in the disparity between the two groups. Notably, no Hispanics or Asians occupyn elected ofce in City government.

n summary, the members of the Review Committee urge each organization and citizen of Jacksonville to step up anddentify the role you can play in helping to eliminate racial disparities in our community. We must all recognize that the

disparities identied in this Report are not someone elses problem, but rather a collective responsibility each of us shares tomake this a better and more equitable place to live for all.

JCCI 2010 Race Relations Progress Report


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In 2002, JCCI released a citizen-led study, Beyond the Talk: Improving Race Relations. The study documented thatracial disparities were prevalent locally in six areas: education, income and employment, housing, health, crimjustice, and the political process. Beyond the Talk concluded that quality of life disparities are caused by multiplfactors: individual racism, individual behavior, and the practices of public and private institutions.

Beyond the Talk presented a set of 27 recommendations to improve race relations in Jacksonville and to eliminatracial disparities. A primary recommendation stated that JCCI should convene citizens to create and distribuan annual report card on race relations in Jacksonville, modeled after JCCIs Quality of Life Progress Report. Thereport card should measure race-based disparities as well as perceptions of racism and discrimination in thecommunity.

In 2005, JCCI released its rst Race Relations Progress Report, using survey data and community data to measureracial disparities. Many people in the community were involved in helping identify indicators, conduct surveyparticipate in focus groups, and understand the results. Others met after the release of the initial report to helguide the creation of follow-up reports, based on lessons learned from the rst report. Their efforts on launchthis ground-breaking undertaking were and are much appreciated.

This is the 2010 update of the Race Relations Progress Report. Volunteer committees determined that the in-depthsurvey information from the rst report should be repeated on a regular basis to update the communitysperceptions of race relations, every four years. In the interim, a clear report card, with concise information oneach of the areas covered, should be presented annually to help guide policy decisions and community work,

identify priority areas of concern for further investigation and effort, and measure progress toward an inclusivcommunity, free of race-based disparities and discrimination.

Committee members have been concerned that the Race Relations Progress Report shows as much informationas possible about the various racial and ethnic populations in Jacksonville. In all cases where the data wereavailable, this report shows trends among white, black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American residents ofJacksonville. In some cases, accurate data were simply not available. Caution should be taken in interpretingtrendlines where there are large uctuations in the graphs, which tends to occur when the base population issmall. Also, because Hispanic refers to ethnicity and not race, care should be taken with population estimat

The 2009 American Community Survey provided the following information about Duval Countys population

White Black Hispanic Asian Native American Other2009 58.5% 28.9% 6.5% 3.8% 0.3% 2.0%

The University of Floridas Bureau of Economic and Business Research provided these detailed estimates andprojections of Jacksonvilles population (non-Hispanic white and black populations represented):

White Black Hispanic Other Total Population2000 64.5% 28.0% 4.1% 3.4% 778,8792005 60.8% 30.1% 5.4% 3.7% 861,1502010 58.1% 30.2% 7.7% 4.0% 899,5352020 53.8% 31.8% 9.7% 4.6% 1,007,6132030 50.2% 33.0% 11.6% 5.2% 1,120,624

Survey Methodology: The surveys in this report were conducted by American Public Dialogue for the JCCIQuality of Life Progress Report. The survey was designed to provide a representative sampling of the Jacksonvillepopulation as a whole, and is less reliable statistically when looking at sub-population responses. Standarddeviations are +/- 5.5% for white responses and +/- 9.1% for black responses. For all other racial or ethniccategories, the margin of error is too high to provide any meaningful information. Every four years, JCCI conda more in-depth survey on perceptions of race relations and experiences with racism. In 2008, with help fromnew funding partners, JCCI was able to obtain statistically signicant survey representation among white, bland Hispanic respondents. Its results can be seen at www.jcci.org. JCCI would like to be able to conduct modetailed surveys among targeted populations. To assist in this initiative, please contact JCCI at (904) 396-30

Introduction


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Perceptions

&Exper

iencesofRacismPerceptions of Racism as a Problem in Jacksonville

The Beyond the Talkstudy concluded, The wide range of perceptions among Jacksonvilles citizens about pastnd current racial disparities impedes resolution of all problems in race relations. Shared understanding of thextent of the problem is often a prerequisite to reaching agreement on how to solve that problem.

CCI has been tracking perceptions of racism in Jacksonville since 1985. The survey question asks, In your opinionuring the last year, do you feel that racism is a problem in Jacksonville?

Yes responses (racism is a problem):

2009 2010 Difference

White 49% 48% - 1%Black 74% 80% + 6%

See Survey Methodology on page 2 for moreinformation about the limitations of the datafor other racial or ethnic populations.

n 2009, 25 points separated white and black reported perceptions that racism was a community problem; in010, the gap had grown to 32 points. Perceptions reect only what is on peoples minds, and may not accurately

portray the extent of racism in the community.

Personal Experiences of Racism

The Beyond the Talkstudy also found that differing perceptions about race relations are related to differencesn experiences and perceptions of discrimination. Since 2000, JCCI has been tracking how people respond to

he question, Thinking about your own possible experience with racism, do you believe that you have personally experiencedacism during the past year while shopping, while at work, or while renting or buying housing in Jacksonville? Yes responses tohopping, which consistently have been the highest responses, are represented in the graph.

2010 Yes responses

(personally experienced racism):

Work Shopping Housing

White 4% 8% 1%Black 22% 28% 15%

See Survey Methodology on page 2 for moreinformation about the limitations of the datafor other racial or ethnic populations.

n 2009, 37 percent of black respondents said that they had personally experienced racism while shopping; in010, responses had decreased to 28 percent. Of the three survey questions, shopping reects a more universalnd constant activity, compared to work or those buying or renting housing.


Source: American Public Dialogue



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Reading At Grade Level, By Grade, 2009-10

During the course of a childs experience in school, the expectations in reading become more difcult. The tesbecome harder. While more is expected of all students, the achievement gaps (already signicant in the thirdgrade) widen even further. By grade level, reading scores were as follows:

Percentage of public school students reading

at grade level (FCAT SSS), 2009-10:

Native

Grade White Black Hispanic Asian American

3 81% 57% 68% 82% 80%4 82% 53% 72% 79% 94%5 79% 53% 66% 79% 92%6 75% 46% 60% 76% 82%7 78% 51% 64% 78% 69%8 66% 35% 50% 64% 67%9 60% 24% 43% 58% 50%

10 50% 17% 33% 47% 54%

In third grade, 24 points separated the rates of white and black students reading at grade level, and 13 pointsseparated white and Hispanic percentages, both improved from 2008-09. In 10th grade, the gap was 33percentage points between white and black students and 17 between white and Hispanic students, compared33 and 19 points, respectively, in 2008-09.

FCAT Reading Profciency

The 2008 Strategic Plan for the Duval County Public Schools states, The achievement gap in Duval Countycan and must be eliminated. Reading scores at grade level (Level 3 or above on the Florida ComprehensiveAssessment Test [FCAT], Sunshine State Standards [SSS], and alternative assessments) are a key measure of tgap.

The percentage of all students who were reading

at grade level or above was:

2008-09 2009-10 Difference

White 72% 72% + 0%

Black 43% 43% + 0%Hispanic 55% 57% + 2%Asian 72% 72% + 0%Native Am. 75% 76% + 1%

In 2008-09, 29 percentage points separated white and black student scores; in 2009-10, the gap remainedunchanged. In 2009-10, the gap between white and Hispanic scores was 15 points, down from 17 pointsin 2008-09.

Source: Florida Department of Education


Educa

tion


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More details on these and other indicators can be found atwww.jcci.org.

Edu

cationHigh School Graduation Rates

The Beyond the Talk: Improving Race Relations study found that eliminating disparities in schoolperformance is critical to ensuring a high quality of life for all Jacksonville citizens. The following year, thePublic Education Reform study called the achievement gap the primary challenge facing the public educationystem, and launched a further study on how to eliminate the achievement gap.

Graduating from high school is usually a prerequisite to good employment and to furthering ones education.n this area, graduation rates improved, but the gap between the four-year graduation rates of black and white

tudents is larger.

Graduation rates:

2008-09 2009-10 Difference

White 74% 80% + 6%Black 58% 66% + 8%Hispanic 60% 69% + 9%Asian 83% 82% - 1%Native Am. 55% 82% + 27%

n 2008-09, 16 percentage points separated white and black student graduation rates; in 2009-10, rates hadmproved, and the gap had decreased to 14 percentage points. The gap between white and Hispanic graduationates decreased from 14 points in 2008-09 to 11 points in 2009-10.

Educational Attainment, 2009

Educational attainment measures the percentage of adults 25 years of age or older who have high school diplomasor the equivalent) and those who have college degrees. The gap in educational attainment remains high and isncreasing in the area of college degrees.

Educational Attainment: High School Diplomas

White Black Hispanic Asian

000 86.1% 74.1% 79.0% 81.2%009 91.0% 79.3% 77.9% 86.4%

Educational Attainment: Bachelors Degree or Higher

White Black Hispanic Asian000 24.6% 13.1% 21.8% 34.4%009 29.3% 16.2% 21.1% 48.1%

Source: Duval County Public Schools

Source: American Community Survey


The education of Jacksonvilles children - all of them - is the responsibility of each of us. Theresources they need now - through literacy, education and hope - come from us all, and will

follow them for the rest of their lives.-W.C. Gentry

W.C. Gentry


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Unemployment Rates

In 2004, the American Community Survey, a program of the U.S. Census, began calculating unemployment raby race at the county level. While unemployment increased from 2008 to 2009, black unemployment rose at afaster rate, which meant that the gap in unemployment rates between white and black workers increased.

Unemployment rates:

2008 2009 Differen

White 5.4% 8.2% + 2.8%

Black 11.4% 17.1% + 5.7%

Hispanic 5.6% 7.4% + 1.8%

Asian 4.8% 5.5% + 0.7%

In 2008, 6.0 percentage points separated white and black unemployment rates; in 2009, the black unemploymrate was 8.9 percentage points higher than the white rate.

Median Household Income

Median household income, as measured by the American Community Survey and adjusted for ination, declinfor both black and white households in 2008, and the gap increased slightly. This meant that in 2008, blackmedian household income was 62 percent of white median household income, down from 63 percent in 2007,while Hispanic median household income grew from 76 to 81 percent of white non-Hispanic household incom

Median household income:


White $58,978 $55,177 - $3,801

Black $36,508 $32,254 - $4,254

Hispanic$47,742 $38,253

- $9,489

Asian $74,524 $60,243 - $14,281

In 2008, $22,470 separated the median income for white and black households; in 2009, that number had rise$22,923. The gap between white and Hispanic household income grew from $11,236 in 2008 to $16,924 in 200



EmploymentandIncom

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Children in Low Income Households

Children in families with a household income of less than 130 percent of the poverty line ($28,540) are eligibleor the free lunch program at school, and children in families with a household income of less than 185 percent ofhe poverty line ($39,517) are eligible for reduced-price lunches. For example, if the family had four people in it,he ofcial United States poverty line in 2009 for a family their size was $21,954. 130 percent of the poverty line

would be $28,540 and 185 percent would be $39,517 for this example family of four.

Black schoolchildren in Duval County public schoolsparticipate in this program at more than twice the rate

s white children, suggesting much higher rates ofhildren in low-income households. Hispanic children

participate at nearly twice the rate of white children.

Free and reduced-price lunch participation rates:

2008-09 2009-10 Difference

White 27% 31% + 4%Black 66% 69% + 3%Hispanic 55% 56% + 1%

Asian 27% 29% + 2%Native American 37% 36% - 1%

This indicator excludes children in private schools, and may understate the need because older schoolchildren,specially in high school, may opt out of the program even if their family is eligible to participate.

Percent of Births Using Medicaid as Payment Source

A pregnant woman qualies for Medicaid if the total income for the family falls under 185 percent of the FederalPoverty Level . This indicator on births to mothers who use Medicaid as a payment source is one way to measurehe percentage of children who are born into low-income households.

Births paid for by Medicaid:


White 33.0% 35.2% + 2.2%Black 63.9% 66.8% + 2.9%Hispanic 54.2% 51.9% - 2.3%

n 2009, 35 percent of all white children born in Duval

County had their births paid for by Medicaid, a measuref low family income. Just under twice that percentagef black children were born to low-income mothers,t 67 percent. Over half of all Hispanic children were also

born to low-income mothers.

Source: Duval County Public Schools

Source: Florida Department of Health

E

mploymentandIn

come


The foundation of a great community is eroded by poverty. Skills training andeducation, the keys to better jobs, are the cornerstone of economic success for allcitizens. - Bruce Ferguson, CEO



School Residential Desegregation By Zip Code

One way of assessing Jacksonvilles progress in addressing residential patterns of racial desegregation is toexamine where people live, based on the race and ethnicity of children attending Duval County Public SchoolThe data demonstrate differences in school attendance patterns, from zip codes in which 94 percent of all pubschool children are black to ones in which 76 percent of all school children are white.

This indicator excludes magnet or alternativeschool programs, allowing for a comparison ofonly neighborhood schools.

Based on neighborhood school attendance,most Jacksonville zip codes are desegregated.A few zip codes are identiably white or black(meaning that 70 percent or more of thestudents come from a single race or ethnicity.)

In2009,theraciallyidentiable

zip codes were:

32208 93.5% Black students32206 83.9% Black students32204 78.6% Black students

32250 76.0% White students32234 74.0% White students

Perceptions of Neighborhood Safety

The quality of housing and the quality of neighborhoods are important factors in the quality of life. One way treect the quality of housing is the perceived safety of neighborhoods.

In surveys, Jacksonville residents reported different feelings of safety about their neighborhoods in response tthe question, Do you feel safe walking alone in your neighborhood at night?

Yes responses (feeling safe):


White 65% 65% + 0%Black 43% 53% + 10%

In 2009, the gap between black and white respondentswho felt safe walking around their neighborhoods atnight was 22 points. In 2009, black respondents feltsafer, and the gap decreased to 12 points.




Hous

ingandN

eighborh

oods


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Mortgage Denial Rates, 2009

Purchasing a home is often the largest investment a person will make. In the Jacksonville metropolitan area,pplications for conventional home mortgage loans are denied more often for black applicants than they are for

white applicants. When the data is sorted by income levels, based on a median family income of $65,100 in 2009,he disparities are much higher among middle and high-income households.

Conventional mortgage denial rates in 2009 were:

White Black Hispanic

Very Low Income 29.5% 26.7% 36.8%(under $32,550)

Low Income 18.9% 27.5% 20.9%($32,550-$52,079)

Middle income 15.6% 32.1% 19.2%($52,080-78,119)

High income 11.7% 20.0% 13.0%(over $78,120)

n 2009, the difference between conventional mortgage denial rates between white and black applicants fell inll income categories, compared to 2008. The difference between white and Hispanic denial rates also declined in009, relative to 2008.

Households Paying 30 Percent of Monthly Income for Housing

The cost of housing is generally the most signicant item in a household budget. In general, housing is consideredo be affordable if it costs less than 30 percent of the total monthly household income. In 2009, 37 percent of

white homeowners in Duval County paid more than the affordable benchmark for housing, compared to 50percent of black homeowners. Among those renting their housing, 49 percent of white households paid more

han 30 percent of their monthly income for housing, compared to 64 percent of black renters. Data were notvailable for Hispanic or Asian homeowners or renters.

Homeowners paying more than 30% for housing:


White 36% 37% + 1%Black 54% 50% - 4%

Renters paying more than 30% for housing:


White 48% 49% + 1%Black 57% 64% + 7%

n 2008, the gap between white and black homeownerswas 18 points; in 2009, the gap declined to 13 points. Among renters, the gap increased from 9 to 15 points in 2009.The percent of households paying 30 percent or more of their monthly income for housing rose for all populations

xcept for black homeowners.

Source: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act


Hou

singandNeighbor

hoods


The American Dream is the promise of prosperity, where every citizen can achieve abetter and happier life. That includes equal access to safe, affordable homes within the

nancial means of every family.-David Mann, CEO North Florida


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Heal

th

Page 10 JCCI 2010 Race Relations Progress Re

Infant Death Rate

The infant mortality rate (the number of infants that die before reaching one year of age per 1,000 infants bornis a sentinel indicator used to evaluate a populations overall health and access to health care. JCCIs 2008 InfaMortalitystudy concluded: The failure of our community to successfully address the longstanding issues ofracism, poverty, and socio-economic disparities is killing our babies. The high infant mortality rate is not merhealth problem and not merely a black problem, it is everyones problem.

Infant death rates per 1,000 infants born:


White 7.1 5.5 - 1.6Black 13.9 13.6 - 0.3Hispanic 7.7 6.2 - 1.5

In 2009, the gap between black and white infant death rates increased from 6.8 to 8.1 points as infant death radecreased, but white infant death rates decreased by much more than black infant death rates.

Caution should be taken in interpreting trendlines where there are large uctuations in the graphs, which tends to occur when the bpopulation is small, such as the number of Hispanic infants born during the year. See page 2 for more information.

Rate of New HIV Cases

The Human Immunodeciency Virus, or HIV, is a disease which may lead to serious health consequences.People who test positive for HIV may or may not contract Acquired Immunodeciency Syndrome, or AIDS, adebilitating and often fatal disease. In Jacksonville, the rate of new HIV cases in the black population is ve-aa-half times the rate of the white population, and the numbers are growing.

New HIV cases per 100,000 population:


White 16.9 17.2 + 0.3Black 93.7 115.2 + 21.5Hispanic 34.0 30.7 - 3.3

In 2008, 77 points separated white and black rates per 100,000 for new HIV cases; in 2009, the gap was up to points, with both white and black rates increasing. Hispanic rates for new HIV cases declined, with the gap points above white rates.


Source: Duval County Health Department



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Health


The elimination of health disparities in our community is critically important. Itis imperative that we work together to ensure access to compassionate, quality andeffective care for all.

-Frank Cobbin, SVP Operations

Heart Disease Death Rate

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in Duval County. Between 1996 and 2005, the disparity in age-adjustedheart disease death rates between white and black residents shrunk from 95 points to 20 points, while overalldeath rates due to heart disease have been falling. In 2006 and 2007, disparities increased, but the rates convergedn 2008.

Age-adjusted heart disease death rates per 100,000:


White 177.6 164.7 - 12.9

Black 201.3 221.1 + 19.8

Hispanic 163.1 111.2 - 51.9

n 2009, 56 points separated white and black age-adjusted heart disease death rates, up from 24 points in 2008.Hispanic death rates due to heart disease were 54 points below white death rates.

Cancer Death Rate

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Duval County. The disparity in overall cancer death rates haddisappeared in 2001 before growing through 2005. The gap once again closed in 2007.

Age-adjusted cancer death rates per 100,000:


White 189.7 188.0 - 1.7

Black 194.5 162.4 - 32.1

Hispanic 93.7 89.0 - 4.7

n 2009, with signicant improvement in cancer rates

mong Jacksonvilles black population, 26 pointseparated white and black age-adjusted cancer deathates, a shift from 2008 when cancer rates were worseor blacks than for whites. Hispanic cancer death ratesemain far below white or black cancer death ratesrespectively 99 and 73 points below in 2009.)





Inmate Admissions per 1,000 Population for Misdemeanors

The 2002 Beyond the Talk: Improving Race Relations study found that the disproportionate number of blwho are incarcerated in Jacksonville contributes to the incidence of single-parent families, economic disparitidisproportionate disenfranchisement, and the perception that racial minorities should distrust the criminal-justice system.

Total inmate admissions for misdemeanors:


White 16,241 14,379 - 1,862Black 17,121 14,620 - 2,861

Inmate admissions per 1,000 population:


White 38.9 34.3 - 4.6Black 88.2 77.8 - 10.4

In 2009, more black offenders than white offenders were incarcerated for misdemeanors. The incarceration rafor black offenders per 1,000 people was more than double that of the white rate, but had declined 10 points s2008.

Inmate Admissions per 1,000 Population for Felonies

In 2009, total inmate admissions, compared to the general community population, were as follows:

Total population Inmate admissions

White 58.5% 45.5%Black 28.9% 53.5%

The Department of Corrections does not currentlycollect data for other racial or ethnic populations.

Total inmate admissions for felonies:


White 6,691 6,253 - 438

Black 10,406 9,644 - 762

Inmate admissions per 1,000 population:


White 16.0 14.9 - 1.1Black 53.6 51.3 - 2.3

In 2009, 50 percent more black offenders were incarcerated for felony offenses than white offenders. Theincarceration rate per 1,000 population was over three times that of white offenders, but the gap narrowedslightly from 2008.

Source: Jacksonville Sheriffs Ofce

Source: Jacksonville Sheriffs Ofce

Justi

ceandthe

LegalSy

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JusticeandtheLegalSystem


Justice is the great interest of man on earth. It is the ligament which holds civilizedbeings and civilized nations together.

~ Daniel Webster, 1782 - 1852

Homicide Rates per 1,000 Population

n 2009, the Florida Ofce of Vital Statistics recorded 117 homicides, down from 124 in 2008. A homicide isne person killing another person, no matter the reason. A homicide counts as a murder when the killing is

determined to be criminal. Homicides also include justiable, excusable or accidental killings, which are notncluded in the murder rate.

Total homicides:


White 35 27 - 8Black 88 83 - 5Hispanic 7 10 + 3

Homicide rate per 100,000 people:


White 6.0 4.5 - 1.5Black 28.2 26.4 - 1.8Hispanic 13.3 15.0 + 1.7

n 2009, 22 points separated white and black homicide rates, with the gap the same as in 2008 as both homicideates declined. Hispanic homicide rates, however, increased, and were three times the white homicide rate.

Youth Referred to Department of Juvenile Justice

n 2008-09, 4,821 youths ages 10-17 (both male and female) in Duval County were referred to the Department

f Juvenile Justice. This represents about ve percent of the total youth population. By race and ethnicity, thepercentage of youth ages 10-17 referred to Juvenile Justice were as follows.

Referrals to Department of Juvenile Justice:

2007-08 2008-09 Difference

White 3.5% 3.4% - 0.1%Black 7.8% 7.9% + 0.1%Hispanic 1.2% 1.4% + 0.2%

n 2008-09, 4.5 percentage points separated the rates atwhich black and white juveniles were referred, up from

.3 points in 2007-08. Hispanic youths were referred atmuch lower rates, at just over one percent of youthn 2007-08 and 2008-09.

Source: Florida Department of Juvenile Justice

Source: Florida Ofce of Vital Statistics




Voter Registration

Engagement in the political process often begins with registering to vote. In 1994, 64 percent of the whitepopulation over 18 was registered to vote, compared to 62 percent of the black population over 18. In 2004, blavoter registration rates reached 81 percent of the adult black population, exceeding white voter registration raSince then, rates have declined.

Because reliable population estimates between Census years by age for Asian and Native American populationare not available, rates could not be calculated.

Voter registration rates in 2010:

Registered Percent Differenc

(2009)

White 331,459 80% 0%

Black 143,950 76% - 3%

Hispanic 18,320 37% - 1%

Asian 13,419 --

Native Am. 1,863 --

In 2010, white voter registration rates exceeded black voter registration rates by four points, up from one poin2009. Hispanic voter registration rates declined by one point, and remained 40 points below white or black vo

registration rates.

Voter Turnout

Registering to vote is one step. Exercising the right to vote is the next step. Voter turnout rates in presidenelection years, such as 2008, or state/congressional election years, such as 2010, are traditionally higher than in election years, such as 2007. In 2009, no general elections were held, though a few special elections were held wlimited turnout.

Voter turnout rates in State elections:


White 47.3% 54.9% + 7.6%Black 34.2% 44.3% + 10.1%Hispanic 25.3% 31.2% + 5.9%

In 2010, the gap between white voter turnout (at 55 percent) and black voter turnout (at 44 percent) had de-creased to 11 from 13 points in 2006; the gap between white and Hispanic voter turnout had increased from 2224 points.

Source: Supervisor of Elections


Civic

EngagementandPolitics


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CivicE

ngagementandPo

litics


We all have a personal interest in helping make our communities better places to workand live. Supporting efforts to make communities safer, stronger, better and more fun isour primary responsibility. - David McConnell, Vice President

LocalElectedOfcialsbyRace

Elected ofcials in Jacksonville tend to reect the black and white demographics used in developing designatedminority-access districts.

Jacksonvilleelectedofcials,2010

White Black Hispanic Asian

City Council 78% 22% 0% 0%State legislators 82% 18% 0% 0%School Board 71% 29% 0% 0%Other elected ofcials 100% 0% 0% 0%

Other elected ofcials refers to the ve county-wideelected ofcials, Mayor, Sheriff, Property Appraiser,Supervisor of Elections, and Tax Collector. At the end of2010, the City Council District 12 seat was vacant, as itsformer occupant (who was white) had been appointed tothe State Legislature.

n 2010, black residents made up 30 percent of Totalelectedofcials:acksonvilles population, but only 19 percent ofts elected ofcials, a gap that had grown from 4 2009 2010 Differenceo 11 points from 2009. Hispanic residents, at eight White 74% 81% + 7%

percent of the population, and Asian residents, at Black 26% 19% - 7%nearly four percent, were not reected in City Hispanic 0% 0% 0%

lected ofce. Asian 0% 0% 0%

PerceivedLackofInuence

One key measure of civic engagement is the perception of ones ability to inuence government. Negativeesponses increased in response to the question, As a citizen of Jacksonville, how would you describe your ability to inuenceocal government decision making? Would you say that you have great inuence, moderate inuence, a little inuence, or no inuencet all?

LittleorNoinuencesurveyresponses:


White 75% 78% + 3%Black 69% 68% - 1%

Totals may not add up to 100, as some respondents refuse tonswer the question.

Between 2000 and 2010, the percentage of blackespondents who reported having little to no inuencen local government decision making rose from9 to 68 percent.






Jacksonville Community Council Inc. (JCCI) was created in 1975 with the goal of improving the quality of lifeJacksonville through informed citizen participation in public affairs. JCCI is a nonprot, nonpartisan, broadbcivic organization. It involves citizens in community issues through open dialogue, impartial research, consenbuilding, and leadership development.

JCCI has been called Jacksonvilles citizen think-and-do tank. This is the place where community-mindedpeople get together to explore issues of community importance, identify problems, discover solutions, andadvocate for positive change. All are welcome to participate every voice is needed and every thought matters

JCCI receives funding from United Way of Northeast Florida, the City of Jacksonville, grants, corporations, aindividual members. JCCI membership is open to all interested in building a better community.

For more information about JCCI and how you can get involved or to donate to JCCI, visit www.jcci.org.

2010-11 JCCI Board of Directors

Board of DirectorsPresidentWilliam C. Mason

President-ElectJohn Hirabayashi

Secretary/TreasurerAllison Korman Shelton

Immediate Past PresidentChristine Arab

Vice Presidents

Dorcas G. TannerJuliette MasonStephen Lee

Rena CoughlinLisa V. Moore

JCCI Forward DevelopmentOfcer

Crystal Jones

Lee R. Brown III

JF Bryan IV

Moody L. Chisholm Jr.

Adrienne Conrad

Wyman R. Duggan

Micheal Edwards

Allan T. Geiger

Nathaniel Glover

Rocelia Gonzalez

Broderick Green

Matthew Kane

Joshua B. Lief

Charles R. Skip CramerExecutive Director

Ben WarnerDeputy Director

Demetrius JenkinsAdministrative Coordinator

Amanda MousaCommunications & JCCI Forward

Coordinator

Steve RankinDirector of Implementations &

Special Projects

JCCI StaffKatie Ross

Community Planner

Michelle SimkuletFinance Director &

Director JCCI Forward

Molly WahlDirector of Development &

Community Outreach

Jeanne M. Miller

Suzanne Montgomery

Elexia Coleman-Moss

Ronald E. Natherson Jr.

Stephen Pollan

Wade Rice

Mario Rubio

Derrick Smith

Susan B. Towler

Board InternsLeah Donelan

Gary Goldberg

Abou

tJCCI


19/20

JC

CIModelforCom

munityC

hange


The JCCI Model for Community Change begins with working withthe community to understand and articulate a shared vision for thefuture, based on the values and priorities of the people who live,work, and play in the area. Change must be driven by a vision ofboth what needs to improve and what needs to be preserved; thevision serves as a destination for the road map to follow.

The vision provides a destination, but no more. We need toknow where we are in relation to that vision. For that purpose,

JCCI engages the community to develop and review communityindicators every year that measure our progress toward our vision.We publish these reports annually as the Quality of Life Progress Reportand the Race Relations Progress Report, as well as in the continually-updated Community Snapshot on our website www.jcci.org.

With the knowledge we gain from the indicators, we can determine our priorities for action. The indicators byhemselves dont tell us what to do; they are descriptive, not prescriptive. They inform our planning processeshrough our community studies, where we can determine how we as a community need to move forward toddress the issues identied by the indicators where we fall short of our vision. The community study processngages the community to develop solutions, by consensus, to get us moving in the right direction.

The recommendations from our studies gain their power for change from the volunteers who work tirelesslyo turn reports into action through our implementation advocacy process. JCCI reports never stay on a shelf;o continue our travel analogy further, our volunteers are the pleasing voice of the GPS unit helping our civicnstitutions with a cheerful turn here. It is because of this action component that JCCI is often described as athink-and-do tank.

The actions get results. Recommendations are implemented. Policies change. Programs develop and respond. Buthat is not enough. JCCI monitors the results and outcomes of its study and implementation efforts and assessesesults. You can read the assessments in the nal implementation reports on our website.

Beyond those reports, however, we are interested in lasting, sustainable community change. The communityndicators reports serve as the nal piece in the community change model, keeping us focused on measuring

progress toward the vision. They serve as the ultimate evaluation tool to ensure that our efforts are making a real

difference for the community.

Community Works is the consulting arm of JCCI. We have over 35 years of experience in engaging residents tobuild better communities, and have been working with individuals and organizations around the world for thepast two decades to replicate our success.

n order to better serve you, weve launched a website to share the transformative power of people comingogether to create a better future.

Please visit www.communityworks.us.comto see how our Consulting, Community Engagement, or Indicatorswork might be part of your model for sustainable change.


20/20

JCCI would like to acknowledge the many Community Focused Organizations that are working on eliminatingrace-based disparities in Jacksonville.

In-Kind Printing Sponsor:

Title Sponsor

100 Black Men of Jacksonville

African American Chamber of Commerce

Asian American Chamber of Commerce

Black Infant Health Community Council

Boot Camp for New Dads (Shands

Jacksonville)

The CAUCUS

Community Foundation in Jacksonville and

Project Breakthrough

Council on Social Status of Black Males

and Boys

Duval County Public Schools Ofce of Equity

& Inclusion

DEEN Wellness Center

Duval County Health Department

E3 Business Group, Inc.

Edward Waters College

Healthy Mothers Healthy Babies

Jacksonville Birthing Project

Jacksonville Diversity Network

Jacksonville Human Rights Commission

Jacksonville Mens Health Coalition

LISC Jacksonville

Living4Today Inspirations, Inc.

MAD DADS

NAACP

New Town Success Zone

Northeast Florida Community Action

Agency

Northeast Florida Healthy Start Coalition

Northwest Jacksonville Community

Corp.

OneJax

Operation New Hope

Project Male (Cage Consulting)

Reclaiming Young Black Males Initiative

SPARK, Inc.

Upward Bound

Urban League

War on Poverty

Women of Color Cultural Foundation

W.C. Gentry

Did we miss someone? If your organization or initiative is not listed, please contact JCCI at [email protected].

Special thanks to those whose generouse support made this report possible, including theJacksonville Human RightsCommission and the City of Jacksonville, our Title Sponsor and Champions, and the Jacksonville community.

Champions

Documents

10 Race Relations Progress Report