1001 C.E.

Please draw the following timeline in your notebook.

Chronology of the High

Middle Ages

1054 C.E.1056 C.E.1066 C.E.1077 C.E.1088 C.E.1095 C.E.1099 C.E.1118 C.E.1122 C.E.1130 C.E.1189 C.E.1202 C.E.1215 C.E.1241 C.E.1298 C.E.1337 C.E.1347 C.E.1378 C.E.1381 C.E.1417 C.E.1429 C.E.1439 C.E.1453 C.E.1492 C.E.

1. Earldom of Orkney2. Kingdom of Alba3. North Kemr4. Ulaidh5. Ailech6. Oriel7. Connaught8. Meath9. Leinster10. Munster11. Bernicia12. Danemark13. England14. Isle of Wight15. Comte of Flanders16. Armorica17. Kingdom of Pamplona18. March of Spain19. Comte of Toulouse20. Kingdom of Burgundy21. Corsica22. Lugdura Arborea & Galura23. Caralis24. Zirid Kingdom25. Emirate of Sicily26. Papal States27. Duchy of Gasta28. Duchy of Naples29. Duchy of Benevento30. Duchy of Amalfe31. Salerno32. Venice33. Dioclea34. Rashka35. Bosnia36. Principality of Ajtony37. Moldavie38. Abodrites39. Union of the Veleti40. Pomeranians

1001 C.E.Lief Ericson

discovers North America.

L'Anse aux Meadows is a Viking settlement in Newfoundland which was discovered in 1960. The Sod home pictured above is a reconstruction, but there is clear evidence of a Norse settlement that

supported between 30 and 160 people.

1001 C.E.

1054 C.E.Pope Leo IX

excommunicates the Patriarch of

Constantinople which leads to the East- West Schism of Christianity.

1054 C.E.

1056 C.E.Henry IV becomes Holy

Roman Emperor. This will lead to the Investiture Controversy between

Henry and Pope Gregory VII over who had power to control appointments, or

investitures, of church officials such as bishops

and abbots.

1056 C.E.

1066 C.E.William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy invades England and becomes King. (Battle of Hastings)

The Bayeux Tapestry is an embroidered cloth nearly 70 meters long, which depicts the events leading up to the Norman conquest of England.

1066 C.E.

1077 C.E.Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor walks barefoot through the snow and waits outside for three days to ask forgiveness of Pope Gregory VII. Henry had recently been excommunicated by the Pope for declaring that the Pope was deposed.

1077 C.E.

1088 C.E.The University of

Bologna becomes the

first institution of higher

learning in Europe.

1088 C.E.

1095 C.E.Pope Urban II calls for the Crusades. Over the next 177 years, there would be a total of nine separate crusades against the Muslims. Earlier that same year, Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos had asked the Pope for help against the Seljuk Turks who had conquered Anatolia.

1095 C.E.

1099 C.E.Jerusalem is captured by the crusaders of the first crusade. Jewish and Muslim inhabitants of the city fought side by side and were slaughtered indiscriminately by the crusaders.

1099 C.E.

1118 C.E.The Knights Templar are founded. This Christian military Order would become one of the most powerful military and economic forces in Western Europe and was a major playerin the crusades. It was disbanded in 1312 after facing widespread criticism for economic and political corruption and mismanagement.

1118 C.E.

1122 C.E.The concordant of Worms. This was an agreement between Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V, made near the city of Worms which helped resolve the Investiture Controversy.- King has secular authority- Pope has sacred authority- Pope becomes figurehead apart from Holy Roman Emperor- Eventually brings an end to the belief in the divine right of kings

1122 C.E.

1130 C.E.The Kingdom of Sicily is founded. By 1091, the

Normans had taken control of Sicily from the Muslims. It became the

Kingdom of the two Sicilies in1816 when it joined the Kingdom of Naples. It joined the Kingdom of Italy in

1861. .

1130 C.E.

1189 C.E.Richard I (The Lionheart) becomes King of England.

Richard is famous for being one of the military leaders

of the third crusade in which he fought against Saladin.

1189 C.E.

1202 C.E.The Siege of Zara. Because the crusaders of the fourth crusade did not have enough money to pay their venetian contractors, they agreed to sack the catholic city of Zara (Croatia) which had rebelled against the Venetians.

Two years later in 1204, they also sacked Constantinople and never

even reached the Holy Land.

1202 C.E.

1215 C.E.King John is forced to sign the Magna Carta

by his Barons. This event would have a serious impact on

governments around the world by

beginning to limit the power of the

monarch.

1215 C.E.

1241 C.E.Gunpowder is first used in Europe. At the Battle of Mohi, the Mongols used gunpowder against the Hungarians.

Earliest picture of a European cannon, Walter de Milemete, 1326.

1241 C.E.

1298 C.E.Marco Polo publishes his book about his travels. He had travelled with his father and uncle all throughout Asia and had supposedly met and befriended the Mongol Khan. This journey took 24 years.

1298 C.E.

1337 C.E.The Hundred Years War

begins when King Edward III of England refused to pay homage to King Philip VI of France. Since William the

Conqueror invaded England (1066), the English King had been a vassal of the French

King.

1337 C.E.

1347 C.E.The Black

Death reaches Europe. Over

the next 3 years, it

would take the lives of 30- 60% of

Europe's total population.

1347 C.E.

1378 C.E.The Western

Schism. Three popes are all elected at the same time and

all claim to have authority.

1378 C.E.

1381 C.E.The Peasants’ Revolt in England. The rebels wanted lower taxes, an abolishment of serfdom and the removal of the King's senior officials and law courts. The revolt ended in the execution of 1,500 peasants and heavily influenced the course of the Hundred Years War by deterring parliament from raising taxes to pay for military campaigns in France.

1381 C.E.

1417 C.E.The Western Schism comes to an end with the Council of Constance. Pope Martin V is elected pope.

1417 C.E.

1429 C.E.Joan of Arc lifts the Siege of Orléans. This turned the tide in the 100 years war in favor of the French. Joan claimed she had received visions from God telling her to drive out the English. A year later, she was captured by the English and found guilty of heresy for which she was burned alive in 1431.

1429 C.E.

1439 C.E.The printing press and

movable type are invented by Johannes Gutenberg in

Germany.

1439 C.E.

1453 C.E.The Hundred Years War Ends with a French victory. This war saw the formation of the first permanent armies in Europe since the Roman Empire and the rapid evolution of firearms and military strategy.

1453 C.E.

1453 C.E.Constantinople

falls to the Ottomans. The

Byzantine Empire is finally

finished and Islam

establishes a new empire in

Eastern Europe.

1453 C.E.

1492 C.E.The

Reconquista is completed.

1492 C.E.

1492 C.E.Christopher Columbus

discovers the new world.

One of a few major events at the time which

brings the world into the “Modern Era.”

1492 C.E.