Answer the questions using notes from the ppt. 1. Who
originally started building the canal? 2. Why did they fail? 2
reasons.
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Panama Canal The building of the Panama Canal took 34 years
from the initial effort in 1880 to actually opening the canal in
1914. The building of the canal is considered one of the greatest
engineering feats in history.
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French Failure 1879 - the French buy land in Panama to build a
canal Quickly run out of money and desire Many men die to tropical
disease French sell the rights to the land to the US in 1901 for
$40 million Columbia tells US they are not allowed to dig the
canal
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3. Why was it important to build the canal for North Americans?
4. What is an isthmus?
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The Panama Canal Both the United States and Europe wanted to
build a canal across Central America This would save time and be
less dangerous than going around Cape Horn in Chile Isthmus of
Panama - the area known as Panama is 50 miles mile and was owned by
Columbia
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Panama Canal Clayton- Bulwer Treaty Called for Britain and US
to jointly build and maintain canal. Panama Canal a narrow strip of
land connecting two larger land areas. isthmus
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Hay-Pauncefote Treaty Secretary of State John Hay Got Britain
to surrender their interests in building Panama Canal IF U.S. let
any vessel use canal
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5. What country owned the land we know as Panama?
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Hay-Herran Treaty Columbia controls present day Panama. Thomas
Herran Colombian minister made a treaty with Sec State John Hay. US
would pay $10 million plus $250,000 a year for 99 years. Colombia
rejects offer because they feel they can get a better deal
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6. How did Teddy become President? 7. What did Teddy force
people of Panama to do?
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Teddy Roosevelt Now president due to President McKinley's
assassination Is furious he did not get permission for the canal by
Columbia. He is determined to get what he wants.
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SO
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He plots a revolt Philippe Bunau-Varilla the French man tells
TR that the people of Panama would like to become independent from
Columbia TR likes the idea and the Panamanian revolt begins
11.2.1903 US warships head into Colon, Panama 11.4.1903 Panama
declares itself independent America builds the canal!!!!! Hey TR
lets start a revolt in Panama. Great idea Philippe
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TR takes Action TR really wants a canal and isnt bothered by
the fact that Columbia wont allow him to build it. TR supports a
revolution by Panama to overthrow Columbia. US sends ships, men,
and support. Panama is free - One day revolt ends with Panamas
independence
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Lets Make a Deal US recognizes Panama as a country on 11/6/1903
US and Panama cut a deal - US leases land for 99 years for $10
million and $250,000 annually (Turned down by Columbia) US begins
construction of a huge ditch through the country of Panama
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Panama Canal Facts Tolls for the canal are decided by the
Panama Canal Authority and are based on vessel type, size, and the
type of cargo carried Length of vessel 50ft US$500 More than 50 ft
US$750 More than 80 ft US$1,000 More than 100 ftUS$1,500 Best known
today for having swum the length of the Panama Canal and paying the
lowest toll in its historythirty-six cent Richard Halliburton
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To sail from Atlantic to Pacific, ships navigated around Cape
Horn, the treacherous southern extremity of South America. A New
York to San Francisco journey measured some 13,000 miles and took
months.
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8. How was the Panama Canal made?
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The Canal The canal consists of artificial lakes, several
improved and artificial channels, and three sets of locks. An
additional artificial lake, Alajuela Lake (known during the
American era as Madden Lake), acts as a reservoir for the
canal
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10. List three ways you think would help combat these tropical
diseases? 9. What tropical diseases were a problem during the
construction of the Panama Canal?
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Issues With Construction Had to help a rebellion in Columbia
Malaria and Yellow Fever spread by mosquitoes 6000 lives lost
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11. How were the problems with bugs solved?
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American builders faced difficult problems that threatened to
derail the project such as tropical diseases like Malaria and
Yellow Fever.
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Dr. William Gorgas, was hired to eradicate yellow fever, like
he had in Havana years before. He was able to accomplish his goal
by killing the mosquitoes that carried the diseases. Workers:
1.Drained swamps, swept drainage ditches, paved roads and installed
plumbing. 2.Sprayed pesticides by the ton. 3.Entire towns rose from
the jungle, complete with housing, schools, churches, commissaries,
and social halls.
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Building the Panama Canal
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Construction Used Frances unfinished canal to start Locks built
to go over mountains 51 miles long $375 million + $300 million of
French
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At the Gatun Locks on the Atlantic side, workers poured enough
concrete to build a wall 8' wide, 12' high, and 133 miles long.
They built culverts the size of railroad tunnels to channel water
from Gatun Lake into the locks.
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By August 15, 1914 the Panama Canal was officially opened by
the passing of the SS Ancon.
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Panama Canal Figure 3: A map showing the route of the completed
canal. A series of "locks" are used to control the water level
within the canal.
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1909 Lock Construction The American expenditures from 1904 to
1914 totaled $352,000,000, far more than the cost of anything built
by the United States Government up to that time. In todays money it
would cost $7,448,028,707.72
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Monroe Doctrine Stated that European powers were no longer to
colonize or interfere with the affairs of the newly independent
states of the Americas. The United States would not interfere with
existing colonies or their dependencies in the Western
Hemisphere.
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13. What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
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Roosevelt Corollary Roosevelt's extension of the Monroe
Doctrine asserted the right of the United States to intervene to
stabilize the economic affairs of small nations in the Caribbean
and Central America if they were unable to pay their international
debts.
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Roosevelt Corollary Monroe Doctrine (1828) - US closes Latin
America to new European colonies Roosevelt Corollary (1905) - US to
serve as police in Latin America and intervene as necessary Anarchy
Protection - TR thought US should get involved any time there is
lawlessness in Western Hemisphere to aid the country and protect
the US
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SPEAK SOFTLY AND CARRY A BIG STICK Foreign Policy of Theodore
Roosevelt
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I took the canal zone and let Congress debate, and while the
debate goes on, the canal construction does also. Theodore
Roosevelt after being asked about how he feels that Congress does
not support his decision to take the Canal Zone.
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Benefits of the Panama Canal Shorter Distance - former route
was 12,600 miles. Now 4,900 miles Security - US Navy can get places
quicker so it helps with protection of US and imperialism
Information - US controls who travels through the canal Power -
Sends a message of power and action of US to the world
Slide 50
TR as the Top Cop of Western Hemisphere 1903 - Panama Canal
1905 - Takes over Dominican Republics finances after a revolution
until they became stable 1906 - US sends troops to Cuba to halt a
revolution (remember that we controlled Cuba with the Platt
Amendment)