11/19/14Objective: How do organisms obtain energy and what are the different kinds of energy?

Do Now:What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?

Cellular Respiration

• The process in which cells use oxygen to convert glucose into ATP (energy)

• Occurs in the mitochondria

What is Cellular Respiration?

ATP

CO2

H2O

O2

Glucose

In Cellular Respiration, Glucose and Oxygen ENTER the organelle, Water and Carbon Dioxide are released as waste

Types of Energy

• Kinetic: energy of motion

• Potential: Stored energy

• Chemical: a form of potential energy due to chemical structure (found in organic compounds)

ATP

• ATP: adenosine triphosphate - An energy storing molecule– Adenosine = adenine + ribose– Triphosphate = 3 phosphates

• One phosphate is lost in a chemical reaction– ATP --> ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)

Describe what is occurring from 1 to 2:

1

2

Describe what is occurring from 2 to 3:

2

3

Work• chemical work: building

large molecules – Ex. Proteins

mechanical work: contraction of muscle

transport work: pumping solutes (ions) across a cellular membrane

• How is ATP like a battery?

• Which battery represents ATP? ADP?

ATP

ADP

ATP Cycle• ATP is continuously

converted to ADP– Muscle cell recycles

all ATP once a minute

– 10 million spent and regenerated per second

Help with the Terms• ATP, ADP: What are they?• Cells- Use ATP as their source of energy• Molecule: ATP and ADP are types of molecules• Carbohydrates: Cells can regenerate ATP from

ADP as needed by using the energty in carbohydrates like glucose

• Muscles: Need ATP to contract• Energy: Created from ATP and needed for life

processes• Living things: Need ATP for growth,

reproduction, movement, etc• Life Processes: Movement, Reproduction,

Growth which requires ATP