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11.2 COMPLEX PATTERNS OF HUMAN INHERITANCE
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN-Distinguish between various complex inheritance patterns
-PREDICT/ANALYZE outcomes-How environment can influence a trait
READING Q’s
1-DESCRIBE:What effect sickle-cell anemia has on red blood cells
-changes them to sickle or C-shaped.
READING Q’s
4-IDENTIFY-A person has 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 X chromosomes.What is the person’s gender?
-FEMALE
READING Q’s
5-DRAW CONCLUSIONS-Why is a recessive sex-linked trait less likely to occur in females than in males?
-males must inherit only one allele (AFFECTED X) to have trait
READING Q’s
7-LIST-An example of a polygenic trait.
-skin color-height-eye color-fingerprint pattern
GROUP WORK: APPLICATION NOTES
-As a cooperative group complete the note sheet using your knowledge from the reading/discussion.HIGHLIGHT/MARK supporting infoBOOK-302-310
-As a cooperative group complete the 11.2 VOCAB
-ALL GROUP MEMBERS AGREE on SAME DEFINITION
-may have DIFFERENT EXAMPLES [picture or words]
11.2 VOCAB
VOCABULARY
REVIEW: gamete-mature sex cell with half (haploid) # of chromosomes1-any chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes
AUTOSOMES
2-inheritance patterns-BOTH allele traits expressed in phenotype of
hetero indv.
CODOMINANCE
3- interaction of alleles with one allele masking effects of the other
EPISTASIS
4-inheritance pattern-phenotype is a MIX of the 2 homozygous parent
traits
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
VOCABULARY
5-presence of more than 2 alleles for a genetic trait
MULTIPLE ALLELES
6-inheritance pattern-trait controlled by 2 or more genes on
same/different chromosomes
POLYGENIC TRAIT
7- chromosomes determine the sex of an individual, carry sex-linked
characteristics
SEX CHROMOSOMES
8-traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes
SEX-LINKED TRAITS
CODOMINANCE
DETERMINE: R=normal dominant R’=sickle cell recessiveThe correct coloumn for each phenotype
xx
x
COMDOMINANCE
PREDICT: the results of two people who are heterozygous for sickle-cell anemia but lead normal lives have a child
RR’ x RR
25% RR no alleles for disease50% RR’ heterozygous/ lead normal lives25% R’R’ homo recessive/ sickle cell disease
EPISTASIS,SEX DET,DOSAGE COMP,SEX LINKED, POLYGENIC
ANALYZE: the role of each inheritance. Give example.
EPISTASIS,SEX DET,DOSAGE COMP,SEX LINKED, POLYGENIC
REFER: to punnett square to answer questions: sex-linked
DETERMINE: gender, color vision
1-Does the father have color-blindness? yes no2-Does the father have a recessive allele? yes
no3-What gender is the child with color-blindness? male
female
xx
x
TWIN STUDIES
DESCRIBE: The use of twin studies in the study of genetics.
Scientists use twin studies to distinguish between
__________________ and __________________ influences on a
trait. If a high percentage of ________________________ but
not ________________________ express a trait, there is a
strong chance that the trait is __________________.
genetic
fraternal twinsidentical twinsenvironmental
genetic