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11/21/2004 1
Da Vinci Code: Fact or Fiction?
Part 2
Bill Petro
your friendly neighborhood historian
www.billpetro.com/davinci
11/21/2004 2
Where is it?
www.billpetro.com/davinci
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Agenda
• Intro: What we’ll discuss tonight
• Preview: What we’ll discuss next week
• Review: What we covered last week
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Tonight:
• What do we know about Constantine?
• What happened at the Council of Nicaea?
• What were the issues concerning Jesus’ deity?
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Next Week:
• What is Gnosticism?
• Were other Gnostic/Hidden/Secret Gospels a
legitimate expression of Christianity?
• How did we really get the New Testament?
• …?
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Last Week:
• Book Synopsis
• Who was Leonardo Da Vinci?
• Who was Mary Magdalene?
• Was Jesus married?
• What do we know about the Holy Grail?
• Is there a group known as Opus Dei?
• Was there an ancient Priory of Sion?
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Who was Constantine?
• First “Christian”
Roman Emperor
• AD 312: Battle of the
Milvian Bridge
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In this sign, Conquer
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LabarumChi-Rho
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What did Constantine do?
• AD 313: Edict of Milan
• AD 315: Arch of Constantine
• AD 325: Council of Nicaea
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Arch of Constantine
Arch of Constantine, Forum of RomeArch of Constantine, Forum of Rome
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St. Helena,mother of
Constantine
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Scala Sancta,Rome
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St. Giovannioriginal home of the Popes
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Church Fathers: Age of Theologians
• What was Jesus Christ before he came?– Trinity
• What was Jesus Christ when he came?– God-ness/Man-ness
• What did Jesus Christ do?– Salvation
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What happened in Nicaea?
• 318 Bishops
• 7 weeks
• 84 issues
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Eusebius: on Nicaea• When all the bishops had entered the place
appointed for their session, the sides of which were filled by a great number of seats, each took his place, and awaited in silence the arrival of the Emperor… He appeared as a messenger from God, covered with gold and precious stones - a magnificent figure, tall and slender, and full of grace and majesty. To his majesty he united a great modesty and devout humility, so that he kept his eyes reverently bent upon the golden seat which had been prepared for him when the bishops gave him the signal to do so.
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Eusebius of Nicomedia vs.Eusebius of Caesarea
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Similar vs. Same
• HOMOI-OUSIAS – similar
• HOMO-OUSIAS – same
• One “iota”
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Arius vs. Athanasius
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Nicaean Creed• “We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, maker of all things
visible and invisible; and in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the only-begotten of his Father, of the substance of the Father, God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, being of one substance (homoousion) with the Father. By whom all things were made, both which be in heaven and in earth. Who for us men and for our salvation came down [from heaven] and was incarnate and was made man. He suffered and the third day he rose again, and ascended into heaven. And he shall come again to judge both the quick and the dead. And [we believe] in the Holy Ghost… And whosoever shall say that there was a time when the Son of God was not, or that before he was begotten he was not, or that he was made of things that were not, or that he is of a different substance or essence [from the Father] or that he is a creature, or subject to change or conversion--all that so say, the Catholic and Apostolic Church anathematizes them.
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What happened to Arius?
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Next time…• What is Gnosticism?
• Were other Gnostic/Hidden/Secret Gospels a
legitimate expression of Christianity?
• Canon of the New Testament: How did we get the New Testament?
• …?
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Bibliography
• The Da Vinci DeceptionErwin W. LutzerInspirationISBN 0-8423-8430-8
• Cracking the Da Vinci Code James L. Garlow, Peter JonesVictor (Cook Communications)ISBN 0-78144-165-X
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Bibliography
• Eusebius: The Church History
Paul L. Maier
Kregel Publications
ISBN 0-8254-3328-2
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Q&A
