RELATIVE CLAUSES

Cng th xem bn c b xon li khng nh! ^^* The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick (Con cu th 6 ca v t trng th su b bnh)* Silly Sally swiftly shooed seven silly sheep, the seven silly sheep Silly Sally shooed shilly-shallied south (Sally ngc nghch nhanh chng xua 7 con cu ng m Sally ngc nghch ang lng l xua v pha Nam)* The two-twenty-two train tore through the tunnel (on tu chy lc 2 gi 22 pht lao vt wa ng hm)* Nine nice night nurses nursing nicely (9 c y t trc m xinh xn chm sc bnh nhn tht chu o)* There are two minutes difference from four to two to two to two, from two to two to two, too (C 2 pht chnh nhau gia 2 gi km 4 pht v 2 gi km 2 pht, gi 2 gi km 2 pht v 2 gi cng th)* Send toast to ten tense stout saints ten tall tents (a bnh m nng n 10 ci lu cao ca 10 v thnh ang bn chn, cng thng)* Twelve twins twirled twelve twigs (12 cp sinh i xon 12 ci dy)* Thirty three thirsty, thundering thoroughbreds thumped Mr.Thunder on Thursday (Hm th 5, 33 con nga khng l i kht tn cng ng Thunder)* Forty four fearless firemen fought forty four flaming fires fearlessly (44 anh lnh cu ha dng cm chng li 44 m la rc chy m khng h s hi)* Seventy seven benevolent elephants (77 con voi thn thin).C thc mc g c pm ad nh ^^RELATIVE CLAUSESWeek:Period:

A/ Aims : -Help them know and use the relative clauses effectively .

- Ss have a change to practice their knowledge.

B/ Contents

I/ Definition :

Mnh e quan he hay menh e tnh t la menh e phu e bo ngha cho danh t ng trc no (tien ng )N + who, whom ,which, whose, that . . .

II/Usage:1. Relative pronounsa. Who: ch ngi , thay th cho ch t trong mnh quan h

N + who +V

Ex: The man is my teacher . He is standing over there

( The man who is standing over there is my teacher

S V

b. Whom : ch ngi , thay cho tan ng trong menh e quan he

N + whom + S + V

Ex : The man is my teacher . You met him yesterday

( The man whom you met yesterday is my teacher.

O S V

c. Whose : Thay cho tinh t s hu trong menh e quan he . Sau whose phai co danh t

VN + whose + N +

S + V

Ex1 : The man is my teacher . His son is very intelligent

( The man whose son is very intelligent is my teacher

S V Ex2 : The man is my teacher .You borrowed his books yesterday

( The man whose books you borrowed yesterday is my teacher

OSV

d. Which : ch s vat , s viec , thay cho chu t hoac tan ng trong menh e quan he

V

N + which +

S + V

Ex1 : This is the book . It is very interesting

( This is the book which is very interesting

S V

Ex2 : This is the book . I like it best .

( This is the book which I like best.

O S Ve. That :

- thay the cho who ,whom, which trong menh e quan he xac nh ( restrictive clauses)

- That is not used ( khong c dung ) :

+ Trong menh e quan he khong xac nh ( non- restrictive clauses)

+ Khi ng sau gii t ( after prepositions )

Ex : The dog to which I gave a bone is very angry

( The dog to that I gave a bone is very angry ( sai)

- That bat buoc phai c dung :

+ Sau phep so sanh nhat ( after the superlative form)

Ex : This is the most beautiful girl that Ive seen

+ Sau mot tien tr t hon on (ch ca ngi lan vat)( the antecedent is both persons and things

Ex: I saw men, women, cats, and dogs that moved around and around

+ Sau cac t nh ( after some words such as ) : all, every, very, only, some, any , no , first , last, much ,little . . .

Ex: He reads every book that he can borrow

You are the only person that can help me

Notes : Neu trong menh e quan he co gii t th no se c chuyen len trc menh e quan he

N + who(m)/ which/ that + S + V + prepositions ( in, on , at, with, to , . . .)

= N + prepositions + whom , which + S + V

Ex : The man who(m) you are talking to is my teacher

( the man to whom you are talking is my teacher

2. Relative clauses

a. Restrictive clauses ( menh e quan he gii han)

La menh e rat can thiet e bo ngha cho menh e chnh, nen khong the bo c

b. Non Restrictive clauses ( menh e quan he khong gii han)

La menh e ch cung cap them thong tin phu , khong can thiet cho ng ngha cua cau ,no c tach khoi menh e chnh bang dau phay, nen ta co the bo c

Tien ng trong menh e quan he khong gii han a c xac nh bi :

+ Danh t rieng ( Mr David, . . . )

+ Tnh t s hu : ( Ex: My cat, which I love very much, is white)

+ co ai t ch nh : this , that ,these , those

+ co nhom t phu ngha : (Ex: The car in the garage , which is red, is very expensive)

which bo ngha cho ca cau ( to modify a whole sentence )

Ex : The children have to go to the town , which is two miles away

Comparison between restrictive clauses and non- restrictive clauses

Restrictive clausesNon-restrictive clauses

Necessary ( can thiet) Cant be omitted (khong the bo) Without commas (khong dau phay) that can be used ( c dung that) that ,who(m), which+ S + V = S + V unnecessary (khong can thiet) can be omitted(co the bo)

with commas(co dau phay)

that cant be used( khong c dung that)

Who(m) / which + S + V cant be omitted

PRACTICE :I/ combine these sentences using relative clause

1. Here is the book .It is on wild animals

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2. These are the picture books .They interest the pupils

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3. Jack has many dictionaries . They are kept for reference

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4. The large room is the library . It is near the laboratory

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5. The long table is for reading. It is in the middle of the room

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6. The books are for reference. They are on the stacks near the librarian ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. We saw the reader . The reader was reading a newspaper

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8. I met a man . His sister works in television

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9. This library is free for the teachers staff. They come here to do their research ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10. A girl was injured in the accident . She is now in hospital ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

11. I found a cat . The cats leg was broken

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12. That is the woman . She kept this library

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13. This is the boy . I told you about him ( This is the boy whom/ that I told you about) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

14. The man turned out to be my friends father. He sat next to me on the bus ( The man who/ that sat next to me on the bus turned out to be my friends father )

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15. Ann is very friendly . She lives next door. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

16. We stayed at the Grand Hotel . Ann recommended it to us

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17. John is one of my closet friends. I have known him for a very long time

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18. Shiela is away from home a lot . Her job involves a lot of traveling.

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19. We often go to visit our friends in Bristol . it is only thirty miles away

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20. The young man came to see me about the job . His father used to be my neighbour

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II/ Choose the correct

1. Yoko told me about students _____________ have taken the entrance exam 13 times

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. whose

2. The secretary __________ I talked to didnt know where the meeting was

a. which

b. who

c. that

d. she

3. You need to talk to a person___________ you can trust .You will feel better if you do

a. whose

b. which

c. whom

d. nothing

4. Bob is the kind of person to ____________ one can talk about anything .

a. who

b. whom

c. that

d. him

5. He is a person ______________ friends trust him

a. who

b. his

c. that

d. whose

6. Im looking for an electric can opener ____________ also can sharpen knives

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. whose

7. People __________ live in glass houses shouldnt throw stones.

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. whose

8. The problems_____________ Tony has seem insurmountable

a. what

b. he

c. that

d. who9. The man ____________ I introduced you to last night may be the next president of the university.

a. which

b. that

c. him

d. he

10. Cathy is trustworthy. She is a person upon _______________ you can always depend

a. who

b. whom

c. that

d. nothing

11. Your career should focus on a field in _______________ you are genuinely interested

a. which

b. what

c. that

d. nothing

12. People______________ outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people

a. whose

b. whom

c. that

d. which

13. Ms .Donaldon _____________ teaches linguistics at the university , recently received recognition for her research

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. that

14. The earth, ________________ is the fifth largest planet in the solar system , is the third planet from the sun

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. that

15.The check __________________ I gave Oliver was for work hed done for me

a. who

b. which

c. whom

d. whose16. Melanie was looking after a dog _______________ leg had been broken in an accident

a. which

b. whose

c. that

d. its

17.One of the people arrested was Mary Arundel ,_______________ is a member of the local council

a. that

b. who

c. whom

d. nothing

18. The Titanic ,_______________ sank in 1992 , was supposed to be unsinkable

a. whose

b. that

c. which

d. who

19. The Newspaper is owned by the Mearson Group ,______________ chairman is Sir James Bex

a. which

b. that

c. who

d. whose

20. She is one of the few people to_________________ I look up

a. who

b. whom

c. that

d. nothing

21. Ms. Donaldson ,__________________ teaches linguistics at the university , recently received recognition for her research on the use of gestures in communication

a. who

b. that

c. whom

d. whose

22. A professor _____________________ teaches biology at the university received an award for outstanding research

a. who

b. which

c. whose

d. whom

23. The earth, __________________ is the fifth largest planet in the solar system , is the third planet from the sun

a. who

b. which

c. that

d. whom

24. She was probably the hardest working student______________ Ive ever taught

a. who

b. that

c. whom

d. all are correct

25. The company offered the position to John _______________ department per-formed best this year

a. who

b. whose

c. which

d. that

26. The machine __________________ I have to use in my job cost over a million pounds

a. who

b. which

c. whom

d. whose

27. The award for the Most Valuable Player was won by a player ________________ the coaches and the entire team respect

a. who

b. whom

c. that

d .all are correct

28. Do you remember the date _________________ we have to submit the first essay?

a. which

b. who

c. that

d. where 29. I didnt get a pay rise, but this wasnt the reason______________ I left

a. which

b. that

c. when

d. who30. The film was made in Botswana,_______________ wildlife parks are larger than those in Kenya

a. who

b. which

c. that

d. whose

31. We went out with Henry,_________________ I once had lunch with

a. when

b. which

c. that

d. whom

32. Mr. Carter, to _____________I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in out plan

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. that

33. I used to enjoy this hotel,________________ we had a big family holiday

a. which

b. when

c. that

d. where 34.We only employ people ___________ already have computer skills

a. who

b. whom c. they d. those

35. Arlene Black ,_________________ Guy invited onto his chat show , never turned up

a. who

b. which

c. that

d. whose36. It is Bill ____________ telephoned you

a. which

b. what

c. who

d. whom

37. The film__________________ we saw yesterday was not good

a. Who

b. whom

c. which

d. all are correct

38. Se is the saleslady_____________ sold me the merchandise

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. what

39. was it Jane ____________________ said that?

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. whose

40. Is this the map ____________________ you lost?

a. who

b. whom

c. which

d. whose

KEYS:

I/ combine these sentences using relative clause

21. Here is the book which/ that is on wild animals

22. These are the picture books which/ that interest the pupils

23. Jack has many dictionaries which/ that are kept for reference

24. The large room ,which is near the laboratory, is the library

25. The long table ,which is in the middle of the room, is for reading

26. The books which are on the stacks near the librarian are for reference

27. We saw the reader who was reading a newspaper

28. I met a man whose sister works in television

29. This library is free for the teachers staff who come here to do their research

30. A girl who is now in hospital was injured in the accident 31. I found a cat whose leg was broken

32. That is the woman who kept this library

33. This is the boy whom/ that I told you about34. The man who/ that sat next to me on the bus turned out to be my friends father 35. Ann, who lives next door, is very friendly .

36. We stayed at the Grand Hotel ,which Ann recommended to us

37. John, whom I have known for a very long time, is one of my closet friends.

38. Shiela , job involves a lot of traveling, is away from home a lot39. We often go to visit our friends ,who are very friendly, in Bristol 40. The young man, whose father used to be my neighbour ,came to see me about the job

II/ choose the best correct

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