1.4 SAFA European Process - COL

7/25/2019 1.4 SAFA European Process - COL

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Presentation Slides SAFA Workshop

Colombo, Feb, 6th 10th 2012

Colombo February 6th - 10th 2012

Civil AviationCivil Aviation CooperationCooperation

FranceFrance COSCAP SACOSCAP SA Sri LankaSri Lanka

SAFA WorkshopSAFA WorkshopModule 4Module 4 -- SAFASAFAEuropeanEuropean ProcessProcess

ColomboColomboFebruary 6February 6thth -- 1010thth 20122012

SAFASAFAEuropeanEuropean ProcessProcess



Tools to identify safety deficiencies regarding ICAO standards

Actions from the EU :ban / restriction

Actions from the EU :ban / restriction

SAFA programmeSAFA programme

Analyze of theUSOAP results

Analyze of theUSOAP results

Audits of the ECon-site visits

Audits of the ECon-site visits

Significant SafetyConcerns issued by

ICAO

Significant SafetyConcerns issued by

ICAO Analyze of theIASA results

Analyze of theIASA results

In the future Informationfrom the PART-TCO analysis

In the future Informationfrom the PART-TCO analysis

Information on

safety

deficiencies


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How are the safety information gathered through


- SAFA ramp inspections,

- USOAP / IASA results,

- Visits carried out by the European Commission,

- General information on safety deficiencies,

analized and used at an European Level ?

FinalFinal aimaim :

- Identification of safety deficiencies,

- Taking relevant actions on the basis of the deficiencies identifed


3. European Safety List process

Agenda : SAFA European Process

1. Analysis of the SAFA database

2. Prioritization process



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Number of Reports

> 90.000 (1996-2010)

> 11.750 (2010)

Database User Organisations

42 ECAC Member States

EASA, European Commission, ECAC

Number of Operators / State of Operators involved

more than 2500 Operators, 200 States of Operator

Some Figures




Facts

No. of Findings (F)

No. of Inspections (I)

No. of Individual Inspected Items (III)

Category & Description of Findings

Ratios F/I, F/III

(+ Operator file)

Contributing factors

Operators

State of Operators

State of Registry State of Inspection

A/C registrations

A/C type

Technical or Operational issues

related to the Inspection item(s)

Causal Relationship ?Causal Relationship ?

Basic Process


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In Depth Expert Analysis Group

EASA analyses the results of the ramp inspections,

EASA advise the Commission/MS on immediate actions or follow-up

policy and report potential safety problems to them.

Analysis of the outcome of the SAFA ramp inspections performed

over a one year-period,

Analysis based on the ORB ratio.

IDEA meeting


Formula :

n = category of findings, 1: minor, 2: significant, 3: major

Fn = number of category n findings

I = number of inspections

Operator ratio = averaging individual ratios of Operator aircraft

State ratio = averaging individual ratios aircraft operated by Operators from State



ORB Ratio

I

FFF 321 2125.0 ++


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ORB Analysis

Higher the ORB ratioHigher the ORB ratio

Higher the number ofdiscrepancies / inspection

identified

Higher the number ofdiscrepancies / inspection

identified




ORB Analysis

ORB Ratio

It only remains a figure,

THE magic number does not exist !


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It needs to be analyzed thoroughly to assess the actual picture of the safety

level of operations of an airline (going back to the reports themselves),

However, it gives a pretty good hint on the safety performance of the airline.



ORB Analysis

ORB Ratio

It only remains a figure,

THE magic number does not exist !

Remains a hint only !

Further detailed analysis to be conducted




Analysis on a regular interval (4 months)

Starts with a quality review of the data reported by the Member States

Output:

top 2 ranking list In-depth analysis performed

ORB Analysis


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Elements of the Analysis

In-depth review : back to the findings entered into the database to :

Ensure :

1. the legitimacy of the findings entered,

2. good categorization in accordance with the PDF list,

Identify :

1. the potential safety problems,

2. the areas of concerns of these operators.




Taking into account the trend of the operator in terms of ORB safety performance

Comparison with previous 12 months periods (T-4 months, T-8 months, T-12 months)

++ (sharply increasing), + (increasing), 0 (stable), - (decreasing), -- (sharply decreasing)

Operator Ratio 1

Operator Ratio 2

Operator Ratio 3

Operator Ratio 4

Short trend

Long trend

T-24 T-20 T-16 T-12 T-8 T-4 T

Elements of the Analysis


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Aim of the Analysis

Objectives

Giving recommendations to the Commission on actions to be taken

4 Levels of recommendations :

L0 : no special action or withdrawal from the prioritization list,

L1 : include (or maintain) this operator into the prioritization list,

L2 : L1 + EC request for corrective actions to address the safety concerns, L3 : L2 + EC further investigation of the case of the operator

(in the frame of the next ASC-BL).



Main output of the IDEA meeting :


Outcome of the Analysis

Update of the Prioritization List

Proposals for a review in the frame of the

next Air Safety Committee (Safety List)

Our two incoming topics !


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2. Prioritization Process


Allocate more resources (inspections) where it is needed : on airlines where

previous records show a high number of safety deficiencies or a safety threat,

Avoid the over-inspection effect on some airlines.

Basic Principle

Identify a good trend,

Confirm the systemic nature of the safety deficiencies previously identified.

Objectives


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2. Prioritization Process


Mandates Prioritising Inspections of certain Operators,

Air Safety Committee identifies priority Operators through :

European regulation EC 351/2008

Operators identified by information gathered under Regulation 2111/2005,

All Operators listed in Annex B of Community List,

Operators operating under an NAA of a Community Listed airline,

Operators identified by the analysis of the EASA.








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3. European Safety List Process


Establishment and Publication of a Community List of Operators

that are banned (Annex A) or have an operational restriction imposed

(Annex B)

Establishment of common criteria for imposing an operating ban

Informing air passengers of the identity of the air carrier operating the

flights

Legal Basis : EC regulation 2111/2005




Legal Basis : EC regulation 2111/2005

Common criteria - Overview

- Serious safety deficiencies through :

1. SAFA ramp inspections : serious deficiencies or persistent failure to address deficiencies,

2. Operating ban imposed on a air carrier by a third country,

3. Accident or serious incidents showing latent systemic safety deficiencies,

- Lack of ability/ willingness of an air carrier :

1. Lack of transparency or adequate timely communication from the air carrier,

2. Inappropriate or insufficient corrective action plan presented after the identification of

serious safety deficiencies,

- Lack of ability/ willingness of the authorities responsible for the oversight of an air

carrier:

1. Insufficient ability of the competent authorities to implement safety standards,

2. Lack of cooperation of the competent authorities.


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Air Safety Committee : Safety List

List is updated to include new operators or remove

operators,

List is updated to modify the conditions of a ban or

operational restriction,

Community List is published in the Official Journal of the

European Union and on http://ec.europa.eu/transport/air-ban/list_en.htm

Air Safety Committee organized every 3/4 months




SAFA reports

Accidents /

incidents

Experts assessment

Lack of ability

from the

authority toperform the

oversight

Lack of relevant

answer from the

authority and/or

the airline

Air Safety

Committee


Information considered only technical intel !

European Commission

EASA

Member States of EU

No other consideration than technical information


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List will be updated to include new operators or remove

operators

List will be updated to modify the conditions of a ban or

operational restriction

Community List is published in the Official Journal of the

European Union and on http://ec.europa.eu/transport/air-

ban/list_en.htm




How to be removed

from the Safety List ?



The European Union developed tools to enable :

As a conclusion

The Identification of safety deficiencies

Actions on the basis of the deficiencies identifed

leading to


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Questions ?



Special ExtraThird Country Authorisation process

Presentation of the system implemented in France,

Presentation of the results of the French TCO system.


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Third Country Authorisation process

Why has the French DGAC implemented a French Technical questionnaire ?

WHY ?


Flash Airlines Charm El Cheikh Jan 3rd 2004

148 casualties




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Tuninter Palerme 4th August 2005Helios Airways Greece 14th August 2005West Caribbean Airways Venezuela 16th August 2006

295 casualties in 10 days (6th 16th August 2005)




Following the incidents and accidents of August 2005, 2 practical measures were

announced by the French Minister of Transport :

Increase significantly the oversight of the French DGAC on foreign airlines

through :

- Technical assessment previously to landing permissions being granted(Technical Questionnaire),

- Increase the quantity of ramp inspections on the whole French

territory,

- Implement the Risk Based Approach on inspections of foreign airlines

(reinforced action on critical cases, maximization of the coverage of the

French ramp inspections).

Create the Foreign Airlines Observatory (in charge of the Foreign Airlines

Oversight for the French DGAC).




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Final objective :

Collecting some safety-relevant information on the technical level of an

airline before the aircraft is coming to France,

Filtering those airlines / aircraft that are not meeting ICAO requirements on

safety-critical matters (that are unacceptable for the French DGAC),

Avoiding critical issues to be discovered on the ramp without corrective

actions possible.

WHY ?

Before landing permissions are granted to foreign airlines





Technical

Assessment

Traffic right

departementTCO

Assessment through the technical

questionnaire (foreign airlines observatory)

Positive Technical assessment : landing permission granted

Negative Technical assessment : landing permission denied

WHY ?

If positive technical assessment, a SAFA ramp inspection will be planed

on the first flight to complement the assessment done on paper


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Who is subject to the technical questionnaire procedure ?

Any new non-EU air carrier (which never operated to France),

Any non-EU air carrier which has not operated to France for more than

two years (calendar years),

Any non-EU air carrier, having already received traffic rights during the last

two years, fulfilling the following criteria :

- New aircraft-type : If this air carrier would like to operate flights to

the French territory with a new aircraft-type, the latest having neverbeen authorized by the French DGAC services,

- New aircraft (MSN) : If this air carrier has already satisfactorily filled-

in the technical questionnaire for some aircraft registrations and would

like to extend the previous authorizations or get new ones for new

aircraft tail numbers of the same aircraft-type,


Third Country Authorisation processWHO ?


What is requested by the French technical questionnaire procedure ?


Third Country Authorisation processWHAT ?


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General information on the airline and its oversight authority




Information on the authorizations / limitations granted

Check of the Air Operator Certificate,

Check of the Operations Specifications.


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Information on the authorizations / limitations granted

Check of the Air Operator Certificate,

Check of the Operations Specifications.

Check of the compliance with the intended operations(area of operations, aircraft type, RVSM, B-RNAV, RNP, MNPS )

Check of the compliance with the intended operations(area of operations, aircraft type, RVSM, B-RNAV, RNP, MNPS )




Information on the aircraft wished to be operated

Check of the usual aircraft documents (CofA, CofR),

Check of the safety-relevant equipments installed on this aircraft (EGPWS,

ACAS/TCAS, ELT, Quick donning type of oxygen masks, FDR, CVR ).

Evidence of compliance will be requested(STC + maintenance act or extract of OPS Manual or

list of equipments fitted on the aircraft )

Evidence of compliance will be requested(STC + maintenance act or extract of OPS Manual or

list of equipments fitted on the aircraft )


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Information on the aircraft wished to be operated

Check of the usual aircraft documents (CofA, CofR),

Check of the safety-relevant equipments installed on this aircraft (EGPWS,

ACAS/TCAS, ELT, Quick donning type of oxygen masks, FDR, CVR ).

Evidence of compliance will be requested

(STC + maintenance act or extract of OPS Manual orlist of equipments fitted on the aircraft )

Evidence of compliance will be requested

(STC + maintenance act or extract of OPS Manual orlist of equipments fitted on the aircraft )

A mere declaration or statement will not be considered as enoughA mere declaration or statement will not be considered as enough




Information on the pilots of the airline

Check of their training requirements (proficiency checks),

Check of their medical class requirements,

Check of their English language proficiency requirements.


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Information on the OPS of the airline

Check of the approval of the MEL,

Check of the implementation of SMS or FDAP,

Check of their methods of operations (W&B, OFP, Fuel calculation).




Information on the maintenance management of the airline

Check of the approval of the MCM and maintenance programme,

Information on the personal at the station entitled to sign a release to service,

Other information on the maintenance practices of the airline.


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Information on the maintenance management of the airline

Information on the latest heavy maintenance (check C) carried on the aircraft



Third Country Authorisation processResults

1442010

1232009

1502011

442008

362007162006

Number of technical

questionnaires reviewed

Year

More than 500 TCO reviewed over the last 5 years

Technical objections raised around

55 times over the last 4 years

More than 10% of the application


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Third Country Authorisation processResults

Lack of installation of ICAO-compliant equipments

(EGPWS, TCAS/ACAS, ELT )

Pilots with medical class II only

Pilots with one proficiency check per year

Lack of proper authorization (B-RNAV, DG )

Lack of implementation of a FDAP

Reasons identified for raising a negative technical assessment (or restrictions)



Questions ?

Special ExtraThird Country Authorisation process


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Special Extra

A substantial change occured with the new amendments (28&29) of

ICAO, Annex 6, Part II

SAFA ramp inspections on General Aviation Flights

Applicable since

November 2010



Special Extra




New structure in 3 Sections :

Definitions / Applicability

Standards applicable to any

GA operation

Additional Standards

applicable to certain aircraft

operated in GAMTOW > 5.7 tons and/or

turbojet aeroplanes


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Special Extra




New structure in 3 Sections :From a practical perspective

Small Aircraft

&

Large Aircraft

Only



SAFA ramp inspections on General Aviation FlightsWhats new ?

For aircraft operated in accordance with Section 2 and 3

MEL before

NIL


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MEL

New Instructions

NOW





MEL

New Findings

NOW


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OPS Manual before

AFM only





OPS Manual

New Instructions

NOW


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OPS Manual NOW

New Findings





OPS Manual NOWOn the required content of the OPS Manual


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OPS Manual NOWOn the required content of the OPS Manual

In the OPS Manual !





Checklist before

Nothing


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New Instructions

NOW Checklist





New Findings

NOW Checklist


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Harness before

Seat belts only





Harness

New Instructions

NOW


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Harness NOW

New Findings





Quick donning masks before

Nothing !


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Quick donning masks

New Instructions

NOW





Quick donning masks

New Findings

NOW


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Lots ofmajor changes :

- OPS Manual,

- MEL (and therefore identification/assessment of defects)

- Checklists,

- Harnesses,

- Quick donning oxygen masks

Now SAFA Inspections of GA flights become very informative especially for those aircraft operated under GA rules from time to time,

especially for those aircraft under EU prioritized airlines fleet list

the hard to catch !

As a conclusionWhats new ?






Questions ?

Special Extra

Documents

1.4 SAFA European Process - COL