14617088 Form 1 Science Chapter 4

7/28/2019 14617088 Form 1 Science Chapter 4

1/33

Chapter 4

The variety of resources on Earth


2/33

4.1 The Various Resources on Earth

Living natural resources

Plants

(fruits, oil, vegetables )

Non-living naturalresources

Water

Air

Soil

Animals

(milk, meat )

Minerals

Fossil fuels

Metals

Non-metal


3/33


4/33

Nitrogen bulb

Oxygen is one of

the gases that webreathe in everydayfrom the air

Pure carbon dioxide gas canbe poured because it is

heavier than air


5/33


6/33


7/33

Element, Compounds and Mixtures


8/33

Element can be divided into :

Metals ( Logam)

All metal element in solidform but except formercury which exist in

Non- metals

(bukan logam )

Non-metal elements existin all state. Solid, liquidand gas at room

qu Example of metal

Calcium, copper, gold,lead, magnesium,

platinum, potassium,silver, sodium

empera ure Example of non-metal

Sulphur, carbon, bromine,oxygen, neon, hydrogen,


9/33


10/33

Cobalt chloride indicatorMoist / Damp

( basah)

Colour : Pink

Dry

(kering)

Colour : Blue


11/33


12/33


13/33


14/33

Gas tests

Hydrogen ()

What you will observe:

-Your light splint(Popsicle stick) will POPPOP

Oxygen ()

What you will observe:

-Your glowing splint will re-light

and go out.

Why does this happen:

-Hydrogen gas is veryflammable and in thepresence of heat or fire itwill explode at a certain

temperature.

What does that mean:-This happened because

Oxygen is part of the fire

triangle. The fire triangle iscomposed of three things:Fuel, Heat energy sourceand Oxygen.


15/33


16/33

Mixture (campuran )

Brass

Iced miloPaint

Nasi lemak Ice kacang Sugar solution


17/33

Example of variety type of mixture and its components


18/33

Formation of compound

( sebatian)

In chemical reactions the chemical identities

of substances change. Here, a mixture ofhydrogen and oxygen undergoes achemical change to form water.


19/33

The differences between compounds and mixture


20/33

Separation of mixtures

To separate

insoluble solids(pepejal tak larut

Method : Filtration

( penurasan

)

the liquid in a solid-liquid mixtures

E.g. To separatewater and sand


21/33

Separation of mixtures


22/33

Distillation (penyulingan)To separate a solvent from a

liquid or solid-liquid mixture.Two types of processes totake place

(a) Boiling

liquid vapour/Gas

(b) Condensation

vapour Liquid

E.g. To separate water from

salt solution


23/33

Using magnet

To separate substances

which are attracted to amagnet from other

-magnetic materials

E.g. To separate ironfilings and sulphur


24/33

ExtractionTo separate liquid

substances that donot mix well andOil

densities.

E.g. To separate

oil from water

Water


25/33

Chromatography Separates coloured components in a mixtures


26/33

Sieving (penapisan) To separate mixture

of solid substanceswith different sizes.


27/33

AIR ( udara)Oxygen :i. Breathing / cell respiration

(penafasan )ii. Combustion / burning

Carbon dioxide

(karbon dioksida ):i. To put out of fireii. Importance for photosynthesis

(fotosintesis)


28/33

Soil and mineral

Soil is habitat

( tempat tinggal

) for many

Soil contains water andminerals which is vital for thegrowing of plants.

organisms ( bendahidup).


29/33

Fossil fuel

To provide energy for,

and power stations togenerate electricity.


30/33

Water Regulates body

temperature.

ontro s t econcentration ofblood ( mengawal

kepekatan darah).


31/33

Living things As food, medicine, fibre, building materials

and so on.


32/33

Conservation

Conservation of recourses

involves the intelligent use andcare of our resources


33/33

Preservation The act of keeping the resources in their

original state.

Exam le :

i) Find alternative resources, such assolar energy to replace depletingresources such as petroleum)

ii) to prevent the extinction of flora andfauna.

Documents

14617088 Form 1 Science Chapter 4