105
 w ]DF JFS] HG Phwfr  t h h a Nft ehrf grhe2  •Zhutfrs  •]ljafslws  Jlomslws  Bhkotfrs Sdlrpfo yhur sikaas    M    k    s    p    a    l   y   u    o    t    k    a    B   u    o    f    3    0  ,    :    0    0    > $4.;;/ Clolml $;.;; L ]luotho Pujakcltkho www.gkofwhhmwhrikon.che Glst lom flsy mhvftlkas  <7 fssfotkla sdhpelmf bkns  Crfltf uokquf ehamkons jlskcs

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w]DF JFS] HG

Phwfr thha

Nft ehrf grh •Zhutfrs •]ljafsl •Jlomsl •Bhkotfrs

Sdlrpfo yhur si

$4.;;/Clolml $;.;;

L ]luotho Pujakcltkho

www.gkofwhhmwhrikon.che

Glst lom flsy mhvft  <7 fssfotkla

sdhpelmf bkn  Crfltf uokquf

ehamkons 

jlskcs

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N= Chvfr pdhth2 Ml

:=  ]ljafslw

  ]df jfst wlysth fqukp lom whri wktdtdf ehst mlonfrhuselcdkof ko tdf sdhp

  J [ N L Z [ E . I L ] R

30  JlomslwGkvf oh-dlssaf tkps nulrlotffsehhtd, strlkndt cutsho loy jlomslw 

  J [ E K C D L F A G H Z ] V O F

37  Mrkaa Prfss  ]df rkndt jkts, bkns, lom

tfcdokqufs lmm vfrsltkakty 

  J [ Z H A L O M B H D O S H O

=:  Bhkotfr  Vsf tdks sdhp elkostly

th elif strlkndt, galtjhlrms, paus tlpfrslom rhuomhvfrs, thh

  J [ B . S P F F ] B F O S

=4  Mhvftlka Bkns  Dhw th crfltf

l chepafx bhkottdf flsy wly 

  J [ L O K S S L I L P S L A F S

w]DF JFS] HG

jlskcsPhwfr thha

chotfots

4= JLOMSL^BKNS

EHZF GZHE [HVZ thhas 6:  Ehrtksfr  Skepaf tkps ghr sftup,

sdlrpfokon, lom cuttkonelif tdf thha l bhy th us

  J [ Z H A L O M B H D O S H O

67  Scrhaaslw  Kt dls ehrf usfs

tdlo yhu ekndt tdkoi

  J [ P L V A S C D Ñ Z C D

JF]]FZ tfcdokqu70  Mlmhfs, Nrhhvfs

  lom Zljjfts  ]df dlomkfst bhkots

lrf tdf flskfst th elif

  J [ L S L C D Z K S ] K L O L

77  Ehrtksf-lom-]fohBhkots

  Vsf tdf rhutfr, tljafslw,lom l chupaf hg bknsth elif tdfe ghhaprhhg 

  J [ B F G G E K A A F Z

>0  Zlksfm Plofas  Dhw th lcdkfvf nrflt rfs

lt tdf rhutfr tljafhr tdf tljafslw 

  J [ E L ] ] D F ^ ] F L N V F

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 www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che  

Gkof^hhmwhrikon.

Pp

4=  Jlomslw Bkns  Dhw th elif prfcksf tlpfrs,

ckrcafs, wfmnfs, lom curvfs

  J [ E K C D L F A G H Z ] V O F

;0  Gfltdfrjhlrms

  ]dfsf fxtrl dlomselif cuts slgfr, caflofr,lom ehrf lccurltf

  J [ Z H A L O M B H D O S H O

;=  Safm ]uros Palofrkoth l Bhkotfr

  Nft l galt glcfho wkmf auejfr

  J [ I F K ] D Z V S ]

>: VOK\VFEHAMKONS

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

37 MZKAAPZFSS

:= ]LJAFSL^

7 Fmkthr‛s Afttfr

4 \ukci ]kps

<7  Sftups■ ]uof-up ikt ghr elcdkofs

■ ]fst cuts fakekoltf frrhrs

■ ]lekon tljafslw tflrhut

;4  Bkns & Gkxturfs■ Sdhpelmf pusd stkcis lr

cdflp wly th stly slgf■ Sdhpelmf crhsscut safm

<07 \&L■ Ehamkon curvfm plofas

wktd rhutfr jkts

■ Iffp l squlrf fmnf wdkaf

cuttkon wktd l bknslw

<<0 Sdhp SlgftyZuaf Hof2 Lvhkm elbhr kobur

<<:  Guomlefotlas

 [hur thhas ely jf tfaakon yhsheftdkon‛s wrhon 

mfplrtefo>:  Vokquf Ehamkons  ]df sfcrft ks chejkokon

euatkpaf rhutfr prhgkafsko l stlci hg pkfcfs

  J [ L A L O C D L Z O F [  

>7  Zhutfr ]fepaltfs  ]dfsf nukmfs aft yhu

crfltf fafnlot curvfslom gurokturf plrts

  J [ M H V N P F ] F Z E L O

40  Zhutfr Bkns  Nft eucd ehrf

grhe yhur rhutfr wktdflsy-th-elif lccfsshrkfs

  J [ [ F V O N C D L O

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N4

Ho ehst tljafslws, cuttkon l =x4 sdfft hg paywhhm ks, lt jfst,

l mkcfy prhphsktkho. ]df sdfft ks dflvy, tdf rkp gfocf ks thh

sdhrt, lom, lt tdf jfnkookon hg tdf cut, ehst hg tdf sdfft dlons

uosupphrtfm ko grhot hg tdf slw.

 Ls l shautkho, K lmmfm l rkp-gfocf fxtfoskho th ey tljafslw. Kt dfaps

supphrt tdf rkndt skmf hg tdf paywhhm wdfo kt‛s hvfrdlonkon tdf grhot hg

tdf slw tljaf.

]df fxtfoskho dls bust tdrff plrts2 lo luxkaklry gfocf, l afmnf, lom l

calepkon jahci. ]df luxkaklry gfocf sfrvfs ls l sujstktutf ghr tdf rkp gfocf,

fxtfomkon ghrwlrm th prhvkmf l ahonfr, ehrf phsktkvf rfgfrfocf ghr tdf

rkndt fmnf hg tdf paywhhm. ]df afmnf prhvkmfs vfrtkcla supphrt ghr tdf

hvfrdlonkon paywhhm. Lom tdf calepkon jahci prhvkmfs l eflos th calep

tdf fxtfoskho sfcurfay th tdf rkp gfocf.

 ^dfo cuttkon tdf luxkaklry gfocf, elif surf kts twh fmnfs lrf strlkndt

lom plrlaafa. ]df calepkon jahci lom afmnf lttlcd th tdf luxkaklry gfocf

 wktd nauf lom l gfw scrfws. ]h usf kt, calep tdf luxkaklry gfocf tkndtay th

tdf rkp gfocf. Fstljaksd tdf cut wkmtd jy eflsurkon tdf mkstlocf grhe tdf

jalmf th tdf fmnf hg tdf luxkaklry gfocf, lom ahci tdf rkp gfocf ko palcf.

Palcf tdf grhot hg tdf paywhhm ho tdf slw tljaf, lom iffp tdf rkndt-dlom

fmnf hg tdf paywhhm lnlkost tdf luxkaklry gfocf murkon tdf cut.

  ” P D K A K P L . D H V C I ,  Jhstho, Elss.

FM K]FM LOM MZL^O J[ B KE Z KCDF[  qukci tkps

Luxkaklry gfocf

Afmnf

Zkp gfocf

Calepkon

jahci C-calep

 ]ljafslw gfocf fxtfoskho

supphrts l guaa sdffthg paywhhm

Ss

DF L V O HO P Z FSS

Jhhis2  Elriftkon2 Efakssl L. Phsskci, Lumrfy

Ahchrhthomh.Pujakckty2 Okchaf Slavlthrf, Blofa O

Fmkthrkla2  Dfafo Lajfrt, Iltdryo Jfohkt, Pftfr C

Stfvf Cuapfppfr, Plefal Dhfokn, Clrhayo Elom

Okchaf Plaefr, Bfookgfr Pftfrs, Ley Zfkaay, Bfookg

Frkcl Slomfrs-Ghfnf, Iltdaffo kaakles. Lrt2 Cd

]hepsho, Laksho kaifs, Olocy Jhumrflu, Le

Slomrl Eldastfmt, fomk Ekbla, Ayoof Pdkaakps, C

Skonfr. Elouglcturkon2 ]hels Nrfch, Alurl Jur

Juskofss Hfficf2 Dhaay Sektd, Nlyaf Dleehom

Elrkok. Afnla2 Clrhayo Ihvlafsik. Elnlzkof Prko

Prhmuctkho2Pdkakp Wlo Ikri, Okchaf Lolstls, Bfoo

Ilczelrcyi.

Ckrcualtkho2 Mlvkm Phom, Lomrfw Chrsho, Cltd

Dlosfo.

Mkstrkjutkho2  Plua Sfkpham, latfr Lphotf, Grlo

Mlvkm Mfhth, Afloof Gurahon, Mfjhrld Nrffof

Efajhurof, Zfkolamh Ehrfoh, Zlyehom Plsslrh

Zhjkosho, Lakcf Slxtho, Ofasho ^lmf.

Gkolocf/Lcchuotkon2 Gkolocf2 Jrftt Elookon.

 Lcchuotkon2 Pltrkci Alehotlnof, Aymkl Irkihrklo

H‛hhaf, Sdlooho Elrrs, Falkof [leko, Clrha M

Mhrhtdy Jalsih, Suslo Jurif, Ahrrlkof Plrshos,

Zkcf, Blefs wffmaf, Prksckaal Bfookons.

Guaaaefot2 Mklof Nhualrt. Guaaaefot Systfes2 Iafko, Ike Flms, Olocy Iohrr, ]hels Iuzfjsi

Custhefr Sfrvkcf2 Faafo Nrlssk, Iltdaffo Jlifr, Jh

Jflrmsafy, Mfjhrld Ckcckh, Iltdfrkof Calrif, Lag

Mrfdfr, Ehokcl Mudlocki, Fkaffo EcOuaty, Pltr

Plris, Mflol Plrifr, Pltrkckl Pkoflu, Jftty Stfpo

Fotry2 Efakssl Munlo, Loof Cdlepako, Elry Lo

Clryof-Ayoof Mlvks, Elurffo Pfilr, Mfjrl Sfo

 Lomrfl Sdhrrhci, Elryahu ]hepsho, Jlrjlrl ^

Duelo Zfshurcfs2 Akoml Jlaafrkok, Cdrkstkof Ak

Mlwo Vssfry.

K O M F P F O M F O P V J A K S D F Z S S K O C

LVOHO, KOC.

  Ghuomfrs, Plua lom Blo Zhelo

DF LVOHO PZFSS

  Prfskmfot Suzloof Zhe

  Fxfcutkvf Wkcf Prfskmfot &   Cdkfg Gkolockla Hfficfr kehtdy Zld

  Fxfcutkvf Wkcf Prfskmfot &   Pujaksdfr, Elnlzkof Nrhup  Bho Ekaafr

  Pujaksdfr, Jhhi Nrhup  Blefs Cdkams

  Cdkfg hg Hpfrltkhos ]hels Auxf

MKZFCHZS

  Crfltkvf & Fmkthrkla Mkrfcthr Suslo Fmfae

  Duelo Zfshurcfs Mkrfcthr Clrha Elrhtt

  ]fcdohahny Sfrvkcfs Mkrfcthr  Bly Dlrtafy 

  Chotrhaafr   lyof Zfyoh

  Lmvfrtkskon Mkrfcthr Mlvkm Nrly 

  Guaaaefot Mkrfcthr Pltrkckl kaak

  Gkolockla Lolaysks Mkrfcthr Iltdy ^hrtd

  Ckrcualtkho Mkrfcthr Mfooks H‛Jr

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<0

]dks uochepakcltfm rhutfr tljaf ks lt tdf htdfr fom hg tdf sclafgrhe tdhsf uatkeltf rhutfr tljafs rfpaftf wktd jfaas lom wdkstafs.

Kt ks bust l rhutfr ehuotfm upskmf mhwo ho l pkfcf hg paywhhm.

]df skepakckty hg tdf mfskno elifs kt glr ehrf gafxkjaf tdlo ehst

rhutfr tljafs. [hu clo jukam kt ko ljhut :0 ekoutfs lom lmm l

skepaf gfocf ko lohtdfr <0. Lmmktkhola gfocfs lrf elmf flskay ghr

spfckla purphsfs.

]h elif tdf tljaf, stlrt wktd l pkfcf hg 3  ⁍  =-ko.-tdkci paywhhm

ljhut : gt. jy 3 gt. Cut l dhaf ko tdf cfotfr hg tdf tljaf. Elif

lom kostlaa l palstkc kosfrt th gkt lrhuom tdf jkt. Elif lmmktkhola

kosfrts ls offmfm th prhvkmf l cahsf gkt lrhuom htdfr jkts ko yhur

chaafctkho. Lash, th prfvfot tdf kosfrt grhe akgtkon wdfo tdf rhutfr

qukci tkps chotkoufm

ruos, scrfw tdf kosfrt th tdf tljaf. Lttlcd tdf rhutfr th tdf tjy ruookon elcdkof scrfws tdrhund tdf rfcfss ghr tdf kosfr

]df gfocf ks skepay l <x= tdlt pkvhts ho hof fom lom ks

calepfm ho tdf htdfr. L selaa ehvfefot lt tdf calep fom

prhvkmfs vfry cahsf lom prfcksf ehvfefot lt tdf jkt, laahw

lmbustefot ko tdf tdhuslomtds hg lo kocd. ^dfo tdf stlomlr

gfocf mhfs oht gkt tdf lppakcltkho, K bust elif l ofw gfocf.

l tlaa gfocf ghr elikon ahci ektfrs lom elikon rlksfm plofa

]h usf tdf tljaf, skepay calep kt th yhur whrijfocd wkt

 whhmfo dlom scrfws. dfo yhu‛rf mhof, bust uocalep td

 wdhaf gkxturf lom sthrf kt hut hg tdf wly th slvf splcf.

”MHVN S]H^ F,  Furfil Sprko

Zhutfr ehuots t

tdf tljaf jhtthewktd elcdkof scJhat

]ljaf

Palstkc kosfrt,scrfwfm th tljaf

]laa gfocf

Gfocf-pkvht

iohj

Strlkndt gfocf

C-c

Zfcfss

palstkc k

^hrijfocd

Strlkndt gfocf

C-calep

Dlom-scrfw caleps lttlcdtljaf th tdf jfocd.

Gfocf-pkvht iohj

]ljaf

Ekokelakst rhutfr tljaf

Ohtf mlmh sftup lt

jhtthe hg flcd mlmh.

Skzkon jhlrmMlmh-skzkon jhlrm

 L ‑skzkon jhlrm― elifs kt flsy th

rfefejfr ey stlcifm-mlmh sftup

ghr l nkvfo cut. Fvfry tkef K cut l

mlmh tdlt dls l wkmtd K‛vf oht usfm

jfghrf, K tlif l ekoutf th cut tdf

slef mlmh ko ey skzkon jhlrm. ]dfo,

lt tdf jhtthe hg tdf mlmh, K ohtf tdf

lrrlonfefot hg cuttfrs lom splcfrs.

]df ofxt tkef K offm th cut tdf slef

 wkmtd, laa hg tdf pfrtkofot koghreltkho

ks tdfrf ghr tdf tlikon.

” ^ K A A J Z L V O , Alchejf, Latl.,

Clolml

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<=

qukci tkps chotkoufm

Skepaf sthp jlcis up rkp gfocf

Grustrltfm jy ey chotrlcthr-ehmfa

tljafslw‛s rkp gfocf mfgafctkon uomfr

prfssurf, K mfvksfm lo fchohekcla, glst,

lom ghhaprhhg shautkho. Gkrst, K

mrkaafm l 3 ⁍ 4-ko. dhaf tdrhund

tdf efmkue-mfoskty

gkjfrjhlrm (EMG) skmf

tljaf lom kosfrtfm l ]-out grhe

uomfrofltd. Kg yhur skmf tljaf ks clst

krho, yhu clo bust mrkaa koth tdf tljaf lom

tlp tdf dhaf. K tdfo elmf lo fahonltfm

sakt ko l pkfcf hg dlrmwhhm : ko. wkmf jy

:> ko. ahon. L pkfcf hg 6 ⁍ <7-ko. tdrflmfm

rhm, l gkxturf iohj, lom l gfomfr wlsdfr

chepaftf tdf mfvkcf. ]df afontd hg tdf

sthp ks lrjktrlry, jut K mfckmfm ho :> ko.

sh tdlt tdf gfocf clo jf lmbustfm grhe

zfrh th := ko. Ghr afss tdlo $3, tdf sthp wkaa whri ho loy tljafslw wktd l skmf

tljaf. ^dfo kt ks oht offmfm, K bust swkon

kt lwly hr rfehvf kt.

  ”JHJ NALSCHCI, Zhnuf Zkv fr , Hr f.

Zkp-gfocfmfgafctkho sthp

Ahcikon

Flsy-th-elif zfrh-caflrlocf kosfrt

 L zfrh-caflrlocf kosfrt ho l tljafslw dfaps prfvfot tf

chogkofs shef hg tdf slwmust, lom elifs whri slgfr

prfvfotkon selaa cuthggs grhe jfchekon bleefm jftwtdf jalmf lom tdf kosfrt. ]df prhjafe ks tdlt ehst glct

kosfrts gkt tdf hpfokon ko tdf tljaf prftty wfaa, jut dlv

sahppy jalmf hpfokon.

Eloy whhmwhrifrs elif hr juy zfrh-

caflrlocf kosfrt jalois, jut K dlvf

mfvksfm lo flskfr eftdhm. K gkx l pkf

hg cheeho plcikon tlpf hvfr tdf

hg tdf jalmf hpfokon ko tdf sthci c

kosfrt. Put tdf tlpf ho sehhtday lo

elif surf tdf kosfrt ks caflo lom ko n

sdlpf. ]uro tdf kosfrt hvfr lom phur shef

fphxy hr Jhomh ko tdf wfjjkon hg tdf clst kosfrt. Sf

lskmf ho l mflm-galt surglcf, lom wlkt ghr tdf fphxy tjfghrf yhu pffa hgg tdf tlpf.

Zfpalcf tdf kosfrt ko tdf slw wktd tdf jalmf ahwfrf

stlrt tdf slw lom, wktd l jahci hg whhm calepfm hvf

kosfrt th dham kt ko palcf, rlksf tdf jalmf th cut yhur o

zfrh-caflrlocf saht. ]df elbhr lmvlotlnf dfrf ks tdlt

nft th iffp tdf afvfakon scrfws lom tdf akttaf okj tdlt

tdf jlci hg tdf kosfrt grhe gakppkon up.

”IFK]D PZKCF, Clepjfa a Zkv fr , J.C. ,

Gkaa clvkty wktd fphxy

hr luth-jhmy gkaafr.

Rfrh-caflrlocfkosfrt

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P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

Zlka fxtfoms3  ⁍  4 ko. ljhvf

tljaf.

Lmbustefot

scrfw

Jhat iffps tdf rlkagrhe sakmkon thwlrm

tdf jlci hg tdf slw.

Dham-mhwo

]-trlci

Nrhhvf sakmfsho tdf rlka ko tdf

ektfr-nlunf saht.

Zhund-cutwhripkfcf

Lo lmmktkhola

]-trlci clo jfphsktkhofm th cut

wkmfr auejfr.

Ektfr saht

Safm

Crfltkon l strlkndt fmnf ho l pkfcf hg rhund auejfr 

]dks bkn ks nrflt ghr crfltkon l strlkndt fmnf ho l rhund pkfcf hg

auejfr. ]df elko plrt hg tdf bkn ks l <x4 pkof safm l gfw kocdfs

ahonfr tdlo 4 gt. ]df safm sakmfs ho lo hli rlka tdlt ahcis koth tdf

ektfr saht ho l tljafslw. Chuotfrsuoi scrfws ko tdf skmf hg tdf rlka

clo jf lmbustfm ko hr hut th fosurf l soun gkt ko tdf ektfr-nlunf

trlci. L nrhhvf cut lahon tdf guaa afontd hg tdf uomfrskmf hg tdfsafm laahws kt th sakmf ho tdf rlka. Ho thp hg tdf safm K kostlaafm

twh =-gt. sfctkhos hg ]-trlci (lvlkaljaf lt ehst rftlka hr elka-hrmfr

 whhmwhrikon hutgkts) lom l plkr hg dham-mhwos wktd ]-jhats.

”PLVA CHEK BZ. ,  Slo Nljrkfa, Clakg.

 

MHEKOH• Sff MfehostrltkhoWkmfhs @www.ecgffays.che/mhekoh

• Elifs ahhsf-tfoho bhkots \ukciaylom Lccurltfay

• MHEKOH tfohos dlvf ehrfnaukon lrfl tdloJkscukts hr Mhwfas

• Clrjkmf-tkppfmjkt cuts cafloaylom qukciay

• Prhvkmfs phsktkvflaknoefot lom

 bhkot strfontd

PH Jhx <<<7; • Mfpt G^^DC^ • Ayocdjurn • WL • :=]haa Grff <-400-==3->;3> hr lt www.ecgffays.che

Lvlkaljaf ko tdrff whri-rflmyskzfs TA, AC, TTA-G

Wfrtkcla]hha Sthrlnf

nkvfs prhgfsskholas

tdf shautkho th iffp

dlom thhas hrnlokzfm

lom lccfsskjaf.

4 > >. 4 = >. < = = 3 ^ ^ ^ . W F ] H P Z H P L C . C H E

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<7 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N

 ]uof-up ikt ghr elcdkofs

 ]DZFF JLSKC ]HHAS NF] [HV S]LZ]FM

J [ N L Z [ Z H N H ^ S I K

K

g yhur whhmwhrikon

elcdkofry lrrkvfs

offmkon hoay thjf uoplcifm lom

paunnfm ko, K sunnfst

 yhu juy ahttfry

tkcifts tdlt mly. Kt‛s l auciy hof.  hhmwhrikon elcdkofs lawlys offm

tuokon hr twflikon jfghrf tdfy rflaay

purr. ^dkcd thhas mh yhu offm th sfttdfe up prhpfray lom th cdfci tdfe

pfrkhmkclaay sh tdfy iffp ruookon

sehhtday8 Ghrtuoltfay, tdf akst ks sdhrt.Shef ekndt jf ko yhur sdhp larflmy2 l

nhhm strlkndtfmnf, l chejkoltkho squlrf,

lom l pauonf-styaf mkla komkclthr. ktdtdfsf jlskc thhas paus l sft hg gffafr

nlunfs, yhu clo nh l ahon wly thwlrm

elikon yhur elcdkofs ruo truf lom yhur

 whhmwhrikon lccurltf.

 L strlkndtfmnf ks tdf ghuomltkhoKo tdf whhmsdhp, galt surglcfs lrf prkcf-afss. Ho tdfe, yhu clo ekaa auejfr truf,

bhkot lo fmnf squlrf, lom cdfci pkfcfs

ghr twkst lgtfr lssfejay. Jut dhw galt ksgalt8 Lom dhw mh yhu cdfci8

 [hu clo‛t usf l pkfcf hg whhm th cdfci

ghr galtofss uoafss yhu lrf surf kt‛s galt.Kostflm, juy l nhhm strlkndtfmnf wktd l

nulrlotffm thafrlocf hg 0.00: ko. hvfr

:= ko. ]dks ks ehrf tdlo lmfqultf ghr sft-

tkon up tljafslw tljafs lom cdfcikon tdfgaltofss hg bhkotfr tljafs lom htdfr clst-

krho hr stffa surglcfs. L :=-ko. strlkndt-

fmnf wkaa efft ehst offms, jut ghrahonfr bhkotfr tljafs hr htdfr fspfcklaay

alrnf surglcfs, yhu‛aa jf jfttfr sfrvfm kg

 yhu clo kovfst ko l 37-ko. strlkndtfmnf.Vsf tdf strlkndtfmnf ho tdf tljafslw

th sff tdlt yhur fxtfoskho tljafs lom

 Bhkotfr tljafs sdhuam jf mflm galt. 

Eflsurf loy nlps wktd l gffafr nlunf.

vlrkltkho hg ehrf tdlo 0.00: ko. ho l o

elcdkof ks rflsho th lsi tdf sfaafr ghr

rfpalcfefot. ]ljafs ho hamfr elcdkofs

jf rfnrhuom kg ofcfsslry.

Afvfa tdf tljaf lom wkons. L tljafslw‛s jhat-ho fxtfoskho wkon ely offm lmbustefot hr

 sdkeekon th jrkon kts surglcf afvfa wktd tdf rfst hg tdf tljaf. Aly l strlkndtfmnf lcrhss tdf

 buoctkho hg tdf tljaf lom wkon lom ahhi ghr tfaatlaf nlps uomfrofltd.

Cdfci ghrgaltofss wktd lstrlkndtfmnf

S]ZL

sftups

Pdhths2 S

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P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

tdf elko tljaf ghre l chotkouhusay galt

surglcf. Fmnfs tdlt lppflr gausd wdfrf

tdfy efft lrf oht fohund.Stlom tdf strlkndtfmnf ho kts olrrhw

fmnf lom ahhi ghr nlps jftwffo tdf

fmnf lom tdf surglcf yhu‛rf cdfci-kon. Cdfci lcrhss tdf tljaf‛s wkmtd lom

afontd, tdfo cdfci tdf mklnholas. Efl-

surf loy nlps uomfrofltd tdf strlkndt-

fmnf wktd tdf gffafr nlunfs. Lccfptljaf thafrlocf ghr l tljafslw

eflsurkon :4 ko. jy 37 ko. ks 0.004 ko. th

0.00; ko. [hu ekndt offm th kosfrt sdkesjftwffo tdf wkon lom tdf tljaf th fo-

surf l chepaftfay galt thp.

 Lash cdfci yhur tljafslw gfocf. ]dfpkfcf hg chephsktf eltfrkla jhatfm hoth

tdf gfocf ks oht lawlys pfrgfct, jut yhu

clo sdke kt th elif kt galt.

]df bhkotfr dls tdrff elbhr clst-krhosurglcfs2 tdf kogffm lom hutgffm tljafs

lom tdf gfocf. L bhkotfr tljaf sdhuam jf

mflm galt wktdko 0.00< ko. th 0.00: ko.hvfr loy hg kts afontds. [hu clo rfturo l

ofw elcdkof th tdf sfaafr kg tdf surglcfs

lrf sfrkhusay hut hg galt hr ekslaknofm.Ho lo hamfr elcdkof, l elcdkof sdhp

ekndt rfnrkom tdf surglcfs ghr yhu.

Cdfci tdf gfocf. Vsf tdf chejkoltkho

 squlrf th fosurf tdlt l bhkotfr‛s gfocf

ks sft lt ;0² th tdf tljafs. Elif skekalr

cdfcis ho tdf tljafslw lom jlomslw.

 Lmbust tdf ektfr saht. ]df chejkoltkho squlrf lash clo dfap cdfci wdftdfr l

 slw‛s ektfr saht ks plrlaafa th tdf jalmf. Elri l thhtd lt tdf grhot hg tdf jalmf l

eflsurf tdf mkstlocf grhe tdf jalmf th tdf saht. Ofxt, rhtltf tdf elrifm thhtd

jlci hg tdf jalmf hpfokon lom eflsurf lnlko. Kg tdf rflmkons lrf mkggfrfot, yhu

th lmbust yhur slw‛s tljafthp hr truookhos th jrkon tdf saht plrlaafa wktd tdf jalm

Iffp elcdkofsko akof wktd lchejh squlrf

Ho l jfat-mrkvfo elcdkof, tdf pu

afys lttlcdfm th tdf ehthr lom tdf

sdhuam akof up wktd hof lohtdfr kopalof th ekokekzf jflrkon lom jfat

Vsf l strlkndtfmnf th cdfci jy alyk

olrrhw fmnf lcrhss jhtd puaafys.

Chejkoltkho squlrf ksl vfrsltkaf sftup thha

 Bust ls kephrtlot ls cdfcikon galt suglcfs ks elikon surf tdlt twh elcd

surglcfs efft up squlrfay.

 [hu mho‛t offm l spfcklakzfm elckst‛s squlrf. Kg yhu usf l chejkoltkh

squlrf ghr bhkofry alyhut, kt wkaa wh

ks truay squlrf. Dfrf‛s l skepaf tfstDham tdf squlrf up th l galt fmnf

elri l akof. ]dfo gakp tdf squlrf hv

lom sff kg yhur elri lnlko akofs up

gfctay wktd tdf jalmf hg tdf squlrf. vlrkltkho eflos kt‛s hut hg squlrf.

Vsf tdf squlrf th cdfci tdf bhkotf

gfocf. Kt clo jf lmbustfm lom tdfo akoth palcf. L tljafslw gfocf wkaa of

lmbustkon hr sdkeekon kg kt‛s oht squ

th tdf tljaf. L whrm hg wlrokon2 Skecdfcikon wktd tdf squlrf kso‛t lawl

fohund. Squlrkon l jalmf th l tljaf

S\VLZF

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<4

sftups chotkoufm

ho l jlomslw, cdhpslw, hr tljafslw

 wkaa eflo elikon prlctkcf cuts lom

cdfcikon tdhsf. L chejkoltkho squlrf lash ks dlomy

ghr laknokon l tljafslw‛s ektfr-nlunf saht

plrlaafa wktd kts jalmf. ]dks ks cruckla ghrslgf hpfrltkho lom squlrf crhsscuts. ^ktd

tdf elcdkof uopaunnfm, dham tdf dflm

hg yhur chejkoltkho squlrf lnlkost tdf

nlunf saht lom cdfci tdf mkstlocf th tdfjalmf lt l skonaf elrifm thhtd, rhtltfm

th tdf grhot lom tdfo th tdf rflr hg tdf

tdrhlt paltf. [hu clo lmbust laa cljkoftlom chotrlcthr-styaf slws th ehvf tdf

tljaf koth plrlaafa wktd tdf jalmf.

 L mkla komkclthr eflsurfs ruohutZuohut ks l eflsurf hg dhw truf l rhtlt-

kon surglcf spkos. Kg l surglcf whjjafs hr

hsckaaltfs, tdfo tdks ruohut wkaa jf elnok-gkfm ls yhu ehvf lwly grhe tdf cfotfr

hg rhtltkho. Ho l tljafslw, kg tdf lrjhr ks

 whjjakon, tdfo tdf fom hg kts <0-ko. jalmf wkaa jf rhcikon lom rhaakon. ]dks trlos-

altfs koth rhund, kolccurltf, hr mlonfrhus

cuts. ]df ehvfefot lash wflrs ho tdfjflrkons, sdhrtfokon tdfkr akgf.

 L mkla komkclthr eflsurfs ehvfefotsucd ls ruohut wktd lo lre ehuotfm

koth l mkla tdlt usulaay rflms 0.00<-ko.

kocrfefots. ]df komkclthr ktsfag eust jfdfam ko palcf9 tdf jfst wly ks th usf l

elnoftkc jlsf th ahci kt koth phsktkho.

]dfo, ho tdf tljafslw wktd tdf jalmf

lom tdrhlt paltf rfehvfm, yhu clo cdfcitdf prfssfm-ho lrjhr galonf ghr ruohut.

Sft tdf elnoftkc jlsf ho tdf tljafthp

oflr tdf tdrhlt hpfokon lom tkat tdf lrjhrth =6°. Lonaf tdf mkla‛s pauonfr th efft

tdf surglcf hg tdf lrjhr galonf. ]uro tdf

lrjhr jy dlom th sff wdftdfr tdf nlunfrfnkstfrs loy vlrkltkho ko tdf galonf sur-

glcf. L tljafslw lrjhr sdhuam dlvf

ruohut, jut 0.00< ko. hg ruohut who

eflo yhu dlvf th trlsd yhur slw. Lehrf, tdhund, lom K‛m sfom l ofw s

jlci th tdf glcthry hr nft l rfpalcfe

lrjhr. Ho l usfm slw, K whuam rfehtdf lrjhr lom dlvf kt elcdkofm truf

 L mrkaa-prfss cduci lash sdhuam dl

oflray zfrh ruohut. Sft tdf elnoftk

ho yhur mrkaa-prfss tljaf lom lakno tmkla pauonfr th thucd l mrkaa jkt hr l

hg strlkndt uotdrflmfm rhm ehuotfm

ko tdf cduci. ]uro tdf cduci jy rhkon tdf mrkvf-jfat puaafys lom wltcd

 vlrkltkhos rfnkstfrfm jy tdf mkla. Lc

ljaf thafrlocf ks 0.00< ko. hr afss. Chut tdf tlpfr tdlt dhams tdf cduci.

mhfso‛t rfmucf ruohut, yhu ely of

rfpalcf tdf cduci.

 [hu lash clo usf l mkla komkclthr cdfci wdftdfr yhur bhkotfr iokvfs l

sft th tdf slef dfkndt. Sft tdf jlsf

tdf bhkotfr tljaf wktd tdf pauonfr rktdf thps hg tdf iokvfs ls yhu rhtltf

cuttfrdflm jy dlom. Ohtf lom lmbus

loy vlrkltkhos ko tdf elxkeue dfkntdf jalmfs.

Shurcfs hg Suppay

 WF ZK ]L S S] FF A := -K O. S] ZL KN D] FM NF

$=39 www.affvlaafy.che

ELNOF]KC JLSF MKLA KOMKCL]HZ

$369 www.dkndalomwhhmwhrikon.che

S]LZZF]] <:-KO.

CHEJKOL]KHO S\VLZF

$749 www.dhefmfpht.che

Cdfci ghr ruohut. Vsf l mkla komkclthr th

cdfci tdf tljafslw‛s lrjhr galonf. Loy vlrkl- 

tkhos ko tdf galtofss hg tdf pkfcf clo clusf

jalmf whjjaf, wdkcd aflms th rhundfr cuts.

Jalmfs sdhuam jf uokghre. ]df mkla komkclthr lash dfaps cdfci wdftdfr bhkotfr iokvfs lrf

tdf slef dfkndt lom lrf fvfo wktd tdf hutgffm tljaf.

Cdfci ruohut lomjalmf dfkndt wktdl mkla komkclthr 

SEHH]D

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L vfry rfakljaf wly th cdfci l tljafslw jalmf ghr lo lccurltf ;0° lonaf ks th cut twh tfst

strkps lom tdfo cdfci tdf squlrfofss hg tdf cut jy palckon tdfe fom th fom.

Zlksf tdf jalmf th elxkeue dfkndt. Vsf twh strkps hg sdfft nhhms (K prfgfr EMG hr

<  ⁍  :-ko.-tdkci efalekof) tdlt lrf sakndtay olrrhwfr tdlo tdf dfkndt hg tdf jalmf lom <4 ko. th

:0 ko. ahon. Dham tdf twh strkps thnftdfr ho fmnf lom trke hof fom hg tdfe uskon l ektfr

nlunf. Hpfo tdf twh strkps ko l jhhi-eltcd (akif hpfokon l jhhi) lom palcf tdfe ho l

iohwo galt surglcf. Loy mfvkltkho grhe ;0° wkaa sdhw up ls l tlpfrfm nlp jftwffo tdf

foms ls tdfy thucd. Hocf tdf jalmf dls jffo lmbustfm th ;0°, tdf ;0° sthp clo jf sft

lom ahcifm ko palcf. Aly tdf slef twh strkps galt, trke tdf foms, lom eltf tdfe lnlko th

cdfci tdf ;0° sthp ho tdf ektfr nlunf. Kg tdf ektfr nlunf ks sft lt fxlctay ;0°, tdfrf wkaa

jf oh nlp jftwffo tdf foms hg tdf tfst strkps ls tdfy efft.

 L tfst cut ks ehrf rfvflakon. Vsf

twh pkfcfs hg auejfr hr efmkue-mfoskty

gkjfrjhlrm (EMG). Stlom tdf pkfcfs ho

fmnf lom cut tdfe ko tdf slef plss.

 L skekalr tfst ghr crhsscuts. 

Aly tdf jhlrms galt th cdfci tdf

;0° sthp ho tdf ektfr nlunf.

 Stlrt wktd l squlrf. Lo lccurltf squlrf clo dfap sft tdf

 slwjalmf lt l ;0° lonaf. Iffp ko ekom, dhwfvfr, tdlt vfry

 selaa frrhrs clo jf dlrm th sff wktd l squlrf lahof.

Jukamkon gurokturf hr htdfr prhbfcts wktd strhon, squlrf-gkttkon bhkots

rfqukrfs whhmwhrikon elcdkofs tdlt lrf sft up th elif lccurltf

;0° cuts. Cdfcikon wktd lo lccurltf squlrf ekndt sffe akif laatdlt‛s offmfm, jut kt‛s rflaay bust tdf stlrtkon phkot.

Vskon l squlrf lahof, vfry selaa frrhrs clo jf dlrm th sff. ]h jf

surf yhur tljafslw lom bhkotfr lrf ruookon truf, yhu‛aa offm th elifshef tfst cuts ho scrlp sthci. ]dfsf cuts lrf tdf gkola stfp ko tuokon up lom

cdfcikon tdf lccurlcy hg yhur sdhp elcdkofs. ]df cuts elif frrhrs ehrf vkskjaf

jy euatkpaykon tdfe. ]df pdhths ho tdfsf plnfs sdhw wdlt th mh.

 ]fst cuts cdfci lccurlcy FAKEKOL]F FZZHZS J[ ELNOKG[KON ]DFE

J [ M L W K M D [ L ] ]

<   :

 ]ljafslw2 Squlrf tdf jalmf lom ektfr nlunf

]df ehefot hg trutd. Ju

tdf twh cut foms thnftdfr. Lo

frrhr wkaa rfvfla ktsfag ls l tlp

fm nlp jftwffo tdf twh foms

3

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Alrnfr pkfcfs sucd ls plofas lrf usulaay crhsscut ho tdf tljaf-

slw wktd l sdhpelmf crhsscut safm. ]df lccurlcy hg tdfsf

cuts clo jf cdfcifm wktd l alrnf squlrf, jut l jfttfr lom ehrf

lccurltf eftdhm ks th usf tdf ‑gkvf-skmfm― tfst cut.

Jfnko wktd l pkfcf hg EMG hr paywhhm tdlt ks rhunday <4 ko. th

:= ko. sq. Ouejfr tdf fmnfs < th =, nhkon chuotfrcahciwksf. Palcf

fmnf < lnlkost tdf gfocf hg tdf safm lom trke fmnf :. ]dfo palcf

fmnf : lnlkost tdf gfocf lom trke fmnf 3. Chotkouf lrhuom uotka

yhu dlvf trkeefm fmnf <. ]dfo palcf fmnf < lnlkost tdf gfocf lom

trke l µ-ko. strkp grhe fmnf :. Aljfa hof fom hg tdf strkp ‑L― lom

tdf htdfr fom ‑J.― Solp tdf strkp ko dlag lom palcf L lom J skmf jy

skmf ho l galt surglcf. Kg tdf safm ks sft squlrf th tdf jalmf, tdfo

tdf strkp wkaa jf fxlctay tdf slef tdkciofss lt L lom J. Fvfo vfry

selaa mfvkltkhos grhe ;0° wkaa sdhw up uskon tdks eftdhm.

Kg tdf safm mhfs oht prhmucf ;0° cuts, tdfo yhu sdhuam lmbust

tdf gfocf ho tdf safm uotka kt cuts lccurltfay.

Elif gkvf cuts ko laa. Gkoksd tdf sfqufocf jy tli

l sfchom, wkmfr strkp grhe fmnf :.

Elri tdf foms hg tdf strkp. ]dks kmfotkgkfs tdf grhot lom jl

hg tdf gkola cut. Elif chrrfsphomkon elris ho tdf EMG squlrf gh

guturf rfgfrfocf. Solp tdf gkola strkp ko twh, aly tdf pkfcfs ho tdf

 skmfs, lom cheplrf tdf tdkciofss hg tdf twh foms. Loy vlrkltkho

eflos tdf crhsscut safm‛s gfocf offms lmbustefot.

 ]ljafslw2 Squlrf yhur crhsscut safm

Elif l tfst pkfcf. Ouejfr tdf fmnfs ho l squlrf

EMG. ^ktd fmnf < lnlkost tdf safm gfocf, trke flcd skm

ko turo, rhtltkon tdf pkfcf cahciwksf jftwffo cuts.

<

3

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N:0

sftups chotkoufm

Mrlwkons2 Zhm

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Lskekalr sft hg tfsts clo dfap vfrkgy tdf lccurlcy hg tdf =6° ektfr-

cuttkon sftups ho l tljafslw.

Cut l =6° ektfr lt jhtd foms hg ghur tfst pkfcfs hg fqula afontd. ]lpf

tdf ghur pkfcfs thnftdfr th ghre l pkcturf grlef. Loy mfvkltkho grhe =6°

wkaa jf lpplrfot, ls tdf alst chrofr wkaa oht gkt thnftdfr tkndtay. Lmbust yhur

sftup, lom rfcut tdf ghur tfst strkps uotka tdfy ghre l grlef wktd oh nlps

lt tdf chrofrs.

Ghr stlomkon ektfrs, cut wktd tdf jalmf sft lt l =6° lonaf. Ghr galt

ektfrs, cut wktd tdf jalmf sft lt ;0° lom tdf ektfr nlunf sft lt =6°.

Elif l sfrkfs hg cuts. Cut =6° ektfrs lt jhtd foms hg ghur pkfcfs hg sthci,

 bust ls yhu whuam ghr l pkcturf grlef.

]lpf tdf chrofrs. ]dks dfaps dham tdf pkfcfs ko p

ls yhu lssfejaf tdf grlef.

Ahhi ghr t nlp. Kg tdf gkol

chrofr mhfso‛t

 sounay, kt eflo

tdf ektfr nlun

kso‛t sft lt

 prfcksfay =6°

th tdf jalmf.

 ]ljafslw2 Sft up ghr lccurltf ektfrs

Bhkotfr2 Cdfci tdf gfocf

]df gfocf ho l bhkotfr lash clo jf sft th ;0° jy uskon tfs

cuts.

]lif twh <7-ko. th <4-ko. afontds hg 4/= sthci lom bhkot l

glcf lom tdfo lo fmnf hg flcd pkfcf. Sft tdf twh pkfcfs ho

galt surglcf wktd tdf bhkotfm fmnfs mhwo lom tdf bhkotfm glcf

thnftdfr. Kg tdf bhkotfr gfocf ks oht sft lt ;0°, tdfo l tlpfrfm

nlp wkaa jf vkskjaf jftwffo tdf twh glcfs. [hu clo lash cdfc

tdf bhkotfr‛s lccurlcy jy calepkon tdf twh pkfcfs wktd tdf bh

fm fmnfs thnftdfr. Palcf l strlkndtfmnf lcrhss tdf twh bhkot

glcfs. Kg tdf bhkotfr gfocf ks oht lt ;0°, tdfo tdf strlkndtfmn

wkaa rhci wdfo palcfm lcrhss tdf bhkotfm glcfs hr kt wkaa sdhw

nlp wdfrf tdf twh pkfcfs thucd.

]dfsf eftdhms wkaa whri hoay kg tdf bhkotfr ks prhmuckon l

sehhtd cut. Kg tdf bhkotfr jalmfs dlvf jffo okcifm lom lrf afl

kon selaa rkmnfs, tdf tfst pkfcfs wkaa oht skt galt. [hu ekndt sh

tdks prhjafe jy ehvkon hof bhkotfr jalmf sakndtay th hof skmf.

Prfplrf tfst pkfcfs. Bhkot tdf

glcf lom fmnf hg twh pkfcfs hg

 sthci. Ho l galt surglcf, palcf

tdf bhkotfm fmnfs mhwo lom tdf

 bhkotfm glcfs thnftdfr. L nlp

 sdhws lmbustefot ks offmfm.

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Hof elbhr glcthr tdlt sfplrltfs l nhhm pkfcf hg

gurokturf grhe l efmkhcrf hof ks dhw cafloay kt kschostructfm. Ohtdkon wkaa ikaa tdf ahhi hg l gkoksdfm

pkfcf ehrf tdlo tflrhut.

Ehst tflrhut ho tdf tljafslw hccurs wdfo tdfjalmf fxkts tdf sthci lom jrflis tdf whhm gkjfrs

rltdfr tdlo cuttkon tdfe. Ls l rfsuat, spakotfrs ely sdhw up ho

tdf uomfrskmf, jlci chrofr, lom jlci fmnf hg l whripkfcf. ]dksks fspfcklaay rfafvlot th crhsscuttkon. Jut tflrhut ks oht dlrm th

fakekoltf hr elolnf. ]df gkrst ktfe th ahhi lt ks tdf slwjalmf.

 ]df chrrfct jalmf ks tdf gkrst akof hg mfgfosf L muaa jalmf, hr hof chvfrfm wktd pktcd, wkaa prhmucf l phhr-

qulakty cut. Crhsscuttkon jalmfs lom eloy nfofrla-purphsf

jalmfs dlvf tfftd wktd latfroltkon jfvfas. ]df stlnnfrfm tf

ho tdfsf jalmfs lrf jfofgkckla jfclusf tdfy schrf tdf gkjf

ghrf dhnnkon hut tdf sthci. Lvhkm trke cuts”Sheftkefs tflrhut hccurs jy tlikon t

akndt l trke cut. Kt hgtfo ks jfttfr th dlvf eltfrkla ho jhtd

hg tdf jalmf9 tdlt wly, tdf whhm gkjfrs lsupphrtfm lcrhss tdf guaa wkmtd hg tdf if

lom hoth tdf hggcut. ]dks tfoskho iffps

gkjfrs grhe rkppkon lwly.Zlksf tdf jalmf th rfmucf tflrhut”

mfcalrfs tdlt tdf jalmf sdhuam prhbfct lj

tdf surglcf ljhut tdf dfkndt hg l thhtd. nrftguaay, l ahw jalmf clo akgt gkjfrs grhe

surglcf. Zlkskon tdf jalmf dkndfr tdlo oh

ay rfcheefomfm trlosgfrs tdf ghrcfs hg j

rhtltkho sh tdlt tdf gkjfrs lrf prfssfm kosurglcf, rfsuatkon ko l caflofr cut. Ko el

lppakcltkhos, K rlksf tdf jalmf lt aflst lo

ljhvf tdf whripkfcf lom tlif fxtrl slgfprfclutkhos, sucd ls calepkon tdf whrip

th l crhsscut safm.

Vsf l zfrh-caflrlocf kosfrt Lohtdfr cheeho clusf hg tflrhut wdfo

cuttkon ks l tljafslw kosfrt wktd l thh-wksaht. Kt crfltfs lo uosupphrtfm surglcf gh

eltfrkla jfkon cut. ]df dlrm fmnf wdfrf

 whripkfcf gkolaay jfchefs supphrtfm sf

ls l cdkpjrflifr lom laahws tdf gkjfrs thls glr ls tdf dlrm fmnf.

 L zfrh-caflrlocf kosfrt fosurfs tdlt td

 whripkfcf ks guaay supphrtfm ls kt plssflcrhss tdf jalmf.

Kshaltf tflrhut th dkmmfo surglcfsKo ey whhmwhrikon chursfs, ohtdkon io

mhwo l stumfot‛s nrlmf glstfr tdlo vkskja

 ]lekon tflrhutho tdf tljafslw J [ S ] F W F A L ] ] L

SDHP LKMS ]H PZFWFO] ]FLZHV] ]flrhut ehstay hccurs ho l crhsscut wdfo tdf slwjalmf jrflis tdf whhm gkjfrs

rltdfr tdlo spakttkon tdfe. Hocf yhu uomfrstlom tdf cheeho clusfs hg tflrhut,

yhu clo ghaahw l gfw skepaf nukmfakofs th prfvfot kt.

KOS]LAA L RFZH-CAFLZLOCF KOSFZ]L zfrh-caflrlocf kosfrt kocrflsfs tdf

supphrt lrfl uomfr tdf whripkfcf.

VSF L CZHSSCV] SAFMLohtdfr shautkho ks th usf l crhsscut safm

(sff p. <0:). Kg tdf hrknkola ifrg jfchefs

thh wkmf, lmm l grfsd luxkaklrymfci lom gfocf lom elif

zfrh-caflrlocf ifrgs

ko tdfe.

Hrknkola

wkmf ifrg 

Luxkaklry

mfci

Luxkaklry

gfocf

Jalmf elifs

l ofw zfrh-

caflrlocf ifrg.

^hripkfcfRfrh-caflrlocf

kosfrt

Kosfrts ely jf

jhundt hr sdhp- 

elmf. Sfvfrla

elouglcturfrs elif

lgtfrelrift kosfrts

tdlt rfpalcf tdf hof

 suppakfm wktd yhur slw.

 L whhm kosfr t lash clo

jf elmf ko tdf sdhp.

Pdhths2 Eltt Jfrnfr9 mrlwkons2 Ifaay BG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N::

sftups chotkoufm

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altfm th tdf uosffo glcf. Lgtfr elikon tdf gkrst cut, rhtltf

sthci rltdfr tdlo gakp kt th cut tdf htdfr fom.

Cut fom nrlko jfghrf ahon nrlkoKo nfofrla, wdfo l whripkfcf offms th jf cut lcrhss tdf lom lahon tdf nrlko, kt‛s jfst th cut tdf fom nrlko gkrst. ]dk

hg tduej dhams truf ghr ehst elcdkokon prhcfssfs, grhe r

plofas th rljjftkon mrlwfr jhtthes. Kg tflrhut mhfs hccur gtdf jalmf (hr cuttfr) fxktkon tdf fom nrlko, tdf ahon-nrlko

 wkaa schhp lwly loy jahwhut tdlt ekndt

hccurrfm.

Schrkon lom tlpkon clo dfap rfmucf tfMuf mkaknfocf lash wkaa prfvfot tflrhut. G

fxlepaf, wdfo whrikon ho alrnf cljkoftfcts, K lawlys elif grlef-lom-plofa mhh

sakndtay hvfrskzf, tdfo cut tdfe th gkt tdf

mkefoskhos hg tdf hpfokon. Ghr caflo cutdlvf th mfla wktd tdf jlci fmnf hg tdf m

stkafs, wdfrf tdf slwjalmf cuts fom nrlko

Vsf l iokgf th schrf l akof ho tdf jhtthskmf lom jlci fmnf hg tdf stkaf. ]dlt laah

tdf gkjfrs th jrfli cafloay, jfghrf tdfy d

cdlocf th tflr hut.

 Lppaykon caflr tlpf th lo fmnf tdlt ks tcut lash whris wfaa th prfvfot tflrhut”k

pffa hgg tdf tlpf ko tdf mkrfctkho hg tdf gk

Kg yhu pffa ko tdf htdfr mkrfctkho, tdf tlp wkaa akgt tdf gkjfrs. Sheftkefs l vfry akndt

hg wdktf nauf wkaa prhvkmf fohund supph

iffp gkjfrs grhe tflrkon. Bust elif surf  yhu‛vf slomfm hr scrlpfm hgg laa tdf nauf

ghrf yhu lppay l gkoksd.

Hrkfot mrlwfr grh

 sh tdlt tflrhut ks

rfstrkctfm th tdf

koskmf glcf. Crhssmrlwfr grhots wktd

fxphsfm glcf up (af

]dfo rhtltf, mho‛t g

tdf mrlwfr glcf th

tdf htdfr fom (rknd

HZKFO] ]DF ^HZIPKFCF

 ]H DKMF ]DF ]FLZHV] 

MZL^FZ GZHO

Palcf tdf dkm- 

mfo skmfs hg tdf

afn lnlkost tdf

gfocf lom mfci. Hrkfot tdf afn ho tdf

tljafslw sh tdlt tdf

jalmf fxkts tdf whri- 

 pkfcf ho l surglcf

tdlt who‛t jf vkskjaf

ho tdf gkoksdfm gurok- 

turf pkfcf.

]LJAF AFNS

^dkcd chefs gkrst, tdf mlmh hr tdf

rljjft8  ]df mlmh chefs gkrst, kg yhu ghaahw

tdf nfofrla ruaf tdlt fom-nrlko cuts sdhuam

jf elmf prkhr th ahon-nrlko cuts.

 L rljjft wkaa schhp lwly tflrhut clusfm

jy tdf mlmh cut. Cut tdf rljjft mffpfr tdlo

tdf mlmh th fosurf l caflo fmnf.

HZMFZ [HV Z CV]S ]H FAKEKOL]F ]FLZHV] 

tflrhut ho l gkoksdfm pkfcf. K‛vf hgtfo sffo tdks ho tdf thp hg l

tljaf afn wdfo kt dls jffo keprhpfray cut th afontd.

 [hu sdhuam dlvf l nhhm kmfl dhw tdf afns wkaa jf phsktkhofm

ho l tljaf jfghrf yhu elif loy cuts. Ls ohtfm flrakfr, tdf jht-the glcf, jlci chrofr, lom jlci fmnf hg l whripkfcf lrf ehst

suscfptkjaf th tflrhut. ]dfrfghrf, hrkfot tljaf afns ho tdf slw sh

tdlt tdf hutskmf glcfs elif gkrst chotlct wktd tdf jalmf. (Stlcitdf afns wktd tdfkr fxphsfm glcfs hutwlrm lom elri tdf thps

th kmfotkgy tdf uofxphsfm skmfs.) Cuttkon tdf afns tdks wly, loy

tflrhut who‛t jf vkskjaf hocf tdf tljaf ks lssfejafm. ]dks slefchocfpt clo jf lppakfm th l cut ho tdf ektfr slw.

 ^dfo trkeekon l mrlwfr grhot th afontd, phsktkho tdf grhot

 wktd kts koskmf glcf lnlkost tdf tljafthp sh tdlt tflrhut ks ksh-

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N:=

 Lsdhrt tkef lnh, l nhhm grkfom hg ekof cut hgg tdf tkp hg

dks tduej ho dks tljafslw. Df‛s l nhhm nuktlr palyfr,

thh. f‛rf tdf slef lnf9 jhtd hg us dlvf jffo whrikon

ko tdks juskofss ljhut tdf slef lehuot hg tkef. K gfat tfrrkjaf

ljhut tdf wdhaf sktultkho, jut kt bust rfkoghrcfm th ef tdf

kephrtlocf hg tljafslw slgfty. Zfekomfrs akif tdks hof dlvfelmf ef mfvfahp tfcdokqufs th prhtfct eysfag grhe ekstlifs.

Sh glr, tdhsf dljkts dlvf slvfm ef grhe mkslstfr.

 Loy lrtkcaf ho tljafslw slgfty whuam jf rfekss kg tdf kssuf

hg jalmf nulrms wfrfo‛t glcfm dhofstay. Hg tdf clrpfotfrs K‛vf

eft lrhuom tdf chuotry, K‛m sly ;;% ofvfr usf l jalmf nulrm

ho tdfkr tljafslws. Ko ehrf tdlo 30 yflrs hg whrikon ho bhj

sktfs, K‛vf ofvfr sffo loyhof usf l nulrm ho l phrtljaf slw.

Jut K‛vf sffo lom dflrm ljhut l aht hg tljafslw lcckmfots.

Ahts hg ouejfrs lrf jlttfm lrhuom, jut dfrf‛s l chosfrvltkvf

fstkeltf2 Lcchrmkon th tdf Jurflu hg Aljhr Stltkstkcs, tljafslws

clusfm ehrf tdlo :,000 rfphrtfm koburkfs murkon :00=, lom

ehst hg tdhsf lcckmfots prhjljay chuam dlvf jffo prfvfotfm

kg l nulrm dlm jffo ko usf.Mhfs tdlt eflo wf‛rf laa nhkon th stlrt uskon tdf nulrms

ho hur tljafslws8 K mhujt kt, latdhund shef jalmf nulrms

mfgkoktfay whri jfttfr tdlo htdfrs. ]df nulrm ghuom ho ehst

slws”grhe phrtljafs th cljkoft slws”elifs kt kephsskjaf th

rkp olrrhw pkfcfs, hr th cut mlmhfs lom rljjfts. Kt‛s trhujaf-

shef th tlif l eflsurfefot jftwffo tdf gfocf lom tdf slw-

jalmf wktd tdf nulrm ko palcf. L gfw slws, ohtljay tdf SlwSthp

(sff ‑]df slgfst slw nfts selaafr,― p. :;) lom tdf Phwfreltkc

PE:000, chef wktd l rkvkon iokgf tdlt ekokekzfs ikcijlci jut

tdlt mhfso‛t kotfrgfrf wktd yhur whri.

]dks lrtkcaf dkndakndts shef hg tdf ehst kephrtlot tljafslw-

slgfty tfcdokqufs K usf fvfry tkef K turo ho tdf thha. K stlrt jy

akstfokon th tdf akttaf vhkcf koskmf ey dflm. ^dfo sheftdkongffas wrhon, K mho‛t mh kt. K nh nft shef chggff lom tdkoi up

lohtdfr eftdhm. Lt tdf fom hg tdf mly, K chuot ey jafsskons

ho laa <0 gkonfrs.

Nlry E. Iltz ks l chotrkjutkon fmkthr th Gkof Dhefjukamkon  lom l tkrfafss

lmvhcltf hg slgf lom fggkckfot trke clrpfotry.

• Jf surf tdlt tdf lrfl lrhuom yhur gfft

ks caflr hg chrms, mfjrks, lom htdfr

eltfrkla.

• Lawlys usf l slw stlom chupafm wktd

lo hutgffm tljaf hr fxtfoskho rhaafrs

(tdf chotkouhus supphrt hg lo hutgffm

tljaf ks jfttfr). Kt‛s lash kephrtlot

tdlt tdf tljaf lom stlom jf tdf fxlct

slef dfkndt, ko tdks clsf, ljhut

3=< ⁍ : ko.

• Elif surf tdlt pusdstkcis lrf wktdko flsy

rflcd jfghrf yhu stlrt

tdf slw.

• Lawlys wflr fyf lom

flr prhtfctkho.

• Dlvf l must-chaafctkho

systfe ko palcf.

FS]LJAKSD L SLGF

^HZI RHOF JFGHZF

[HV S]LZ] ]H CV]

Pdhths2 Cdlrafs Jkcighrm9 mrlwkons2 Dfltdfr Alejfrt

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

]ljafslw ]df jfst wlys th fqukp lom whri wktd

tdf ehst mlonfrhus elcdkof ko tdf sdhp

J [ N L Z [ E . I L ] R

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 www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

PZFWFO] IKCIJLCI L] LAA CHS]S

Ls yhu ehvf tdf whripkfcf koth l spkookon

jalmf, tdf tfftd pusd mhwo ls tdfy cut. Dhw-

fvfr, kg tdf whripkfcf elifs chotlct wktd

tdf jlci hg tdf jalmf, tdf ghrcf hg tdf jalmf

chekon up hut hg tdf tljaf clo tdrhw tdf sthci

jlci thwlrm yhu. Jfclusf ikcijlci clo hccur

lt loy tkef, lawlys stlom th tdf afgt hg tdf lrfl

jftwffo tdf rkp gfocf lom tdf jalmf. ^dfo rkppkon,

lawlys lppay stflmy prfssurf lnlkost tdf gfocf.

Eloy tljafslw lcckmfots lrf clusfm jy

ikcijlci, wdfo tdf jalmf cltcdfs lom

tdrhws tdf sthci jlci koth yhur glcf hr

puaas yhur dlom koth tdf jalmf. Shef

elbhr clusfs8 ^dfo tdf rkp gfocf kso‛t

plrlaafa th tdf jalmf, sthci jfkon rkppfm

clo jf ghrcfm lnlkost tdf jlci sfctkho hg

tdf jalmf (sff ‑Ikcijlci mlonfr zhofs,―

jfahw). ]df slef pkocdkon clo dlppfowdfo lo uofvfo fmnf ruos lnlkost tdf

gfocf, hr wdfo kotfrola strfssfs ko tdf

whhm clusf tdf ifrg th cahsf ls l jhlrm ks

jfkon cut. ]df rfefmy8 Gkrst, elif surf tdf gfocf ks plrlaafa

th tdf jalmf jy cdfcikon tdf eflsurfefots jftwffo tdf gfocf

lom tdf ektfr saht lt tdf grhot lom rflr hg tdf slw tljaf. ^dfo

rkppkon, elif surf tdf jhlrm fmnf nukmfm jy tdf gfocf ks strlkndt.

Kg kt kso‛t, yhu clo cut l strlkndt fmnf uskon l safm ls sdhwo ho

p. :4. G kolaay, lawlys usf l spakttfr hr l rkvkon iokgf th iffp tdf

ifrg hpfo.

Iffp l pusd stkci

wktdko rflcd.

L typkcla jalmf nulrm choshg l spakttfr, l jalmf chvfr

lotkikcijlci plwas. K akif

nulrm tdlt clo jf rfehvf

rfkostlaafm qukciay. ]df Ph

Cljaf 34<: lom tdf Jhsc

=000-0> phrtljaf

tljafslws lrf twh

wktd nulrms tdlt

gkaa tdf jkaa. Fvfo

ehrf kephrtlot,

tdfsf nulrms lrf

ehuotfm ho tdf

jalmf-clrrklnf lssfejay r

tdlo ho tdf slw‛s cdlssks

laahws tdf spakttfr th ehv

lom mhwo wktd tdf jalmf.

Ho ey hwo slw, K chovf

tdf spakttfr koth l rkvkon io

Hgtfo sffo ho dknd-qulakty

slws, l rkvkon iokgf ks l se

spakttfr tdlt ghaahws tdf tkat

jalmf9 kt lawlys ghaahws tdf

koth tdf sthci,

wdfrf kt iffps tdf

ifrg grhe pkocdkon

tdf jalmf, l elbhr

clusf hg ikcijlci.

L rkvkon iokgf ks

ofvfr ko tdf wly.

]h elif tdf rkvkon iokgf

rfehvfm tdf jalmf chvfr l

plwas grhe tdf spakttfr, tdf

mhwo tdf spakttfr sh tdlt w

kt‛s jhatfm jlci hoth tdf j

clrrklnf, kt‛s ljhut < ⁍ = ko. j

tdf dfkndt hg tdf jalmf. ]d

ehmkgkcltkho eflos tdlt K oh ahonfr usf ey jalmf ch

lom lotkikcijlci plwas. J

tdf htdfr dlom, l rkvkon io

lawlys ko palcf th prhvkmf

tkho wdfofvfr K usf tdf sl

L rkvkon

iokgf dfaps

th fakekoltf

ikcijlci 

IKCIJLCI MLONFZ RHOFSIffp tdf sthci

lnlkost tdf

gfocf, lom

 stlom th tdf afgt

hg tdf jalmf.

Iffp tdf gfocf

plrlaafa th tdf jalmf.

Vsf l rkvkon iokgf th

prfvfot jalmf-pkocdkon.

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DLOM MLONFZ RHOF

Ofvfr turo ho l slw wktdhut

l pusd stkci oflrjy. K mho‛tusf l skepaf stkci wktd l ohtcd

cut ko hof fom (sff mrlwkon,

rkndt), lom K ofvfr usf ey

dleefr dlomaf hr ey

clrpfotfr‛s squlrf.

Kostflm, K prfgfr l

tlaa, wkmf pusd stkci

(sff pdhth, ljhvf) tdlt fxtfoms

tdf rflcd hg ey dlom jy <: ko.

lom fxfrts prfssurf mhwowlrm,

ghrckon tdf sthci lnlkost tdf

tljaf. ]df dlomaf nkvfs nhhm

chotrha hvfr tdf sthci, wdftdfr

K‛e cuttkon l <0-ko.-wkmf jhlrm

hr l 3  ⁍  4 -ko.-wkmf strkp.

IFFP [HVZ DLOMS L^L[ GZHE ]DF JALMF

Kg yhu‛rf uskon yhur dlom th dham

lom prfss l jhlrm lnlkost tdf rkp

gfocf lom ikcijlci sdhhts tdf

jhlrm lcrhss tdf rhhe, ko afss tdlo

l ekcrhsfchom yhur dlom wkaa jf

prfsskon ho tdf spkookon jalmf.

]df hoay wly th lvhkm tdks

sktultkho ks ofvfr th palcf yhur dlom

ko tdf mlonfr zhof (rkndt). ^dforkppkon l jhlrm, iffp yhur dlom ko

grhot hg tdf jalmf, usf l tlaa pusd

stkci ls tdf jhlrm oflrs tdf jalmf,

lom ofvfr rflcd hvfr tdf jalmf th

nrlj tdf wlstf.

Vsf tdf rhaafrs

jfdkom yhu wdfo

cuttkon jkn plofas

<

Dhrskon l guaa sdfft hg paywhhm hoth

l slw tljaf clo jf strfouhus lt jfst,

kg oht mhworkndt mlonfrhus. K sft up l

rhaafr stlom jfdkom ey stlomkon phsk-

tkho, tdfo pkci up tdf sdfft ho fmnf.Sfttkon kt hoth tdf rhaafr, K clo flsf kt

hoth tdf tljaf (<), tdfo aly kt galt (:).

^ktd tdf jlci fom hg tdf sdfft sup-

phrtfm jy tdf rhaafr (3), K ohw clo

phsktkho tdf sdfft lnlkost tdf gfocf

lom turo ho tdf slw slgfay.

SDHPELMF PVSD S]KCI

:

3

L ohtcdfmstkci clo sakp

lom aflm yhur

dlom koth tdf jalmf.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N:7

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SDHPELMF GFL]DFZJHLZMS

Sdhp- hr glcthry-elmf gfltdfrjhlrms nrfltay rfmucf tdf cdlocf hg

ikcijlci lom dfap th elif caflofr, strlkndtfr rkp cuts. Oh elttfr

wdkcd typf yhu usf, phsktkho tdf gfltdfrjhlrms chrrfctay. ]df gafxkjaf

gkonfrs sdhuam lppay akndt, stflmy prfssurf ho tdf whripkfcf,

laahwkon yhu th pusd kt tdrhund tdf jalmf wktdhut l

aht hg ghrcf. L tljaf-ehuotfm gfltdfrjhlrm sdhuam jf

palcfm ko grhot hg tdf jalmf9 ofvfr phsktkho kt fvfowktd tdf jalmf jfclusf kt ekndt cahsf tdf ifrg,

cluskon ikcijlci. Gfltdfrjhlrms calepfm th tdf

gfocf ls dham-mhwos (jfahw) eust jf phsktkhofm

ko grhot hg lom ko jlci hg tdf jalmf. K slcrkgkcf

l tdkoofr pkfcf hg sthci ls l pusd stkci th

ehvf tdf sthci plst tdf gfltdfrjhlrms.

Gkonfrs ljhut< ⁍ = ko. wkmf, cut lt

lpprhxkeltfay 30°

GLC]HZ[-ELMF GFL]DFZJHLZMS

Sheftkefs K offm th rkp l olrrhw strkp grhe

l wkmfr jhlrm, lom th iffp tdf cut sehhtd,

K usf jhtd gfltdfrjhlrms lom dham-mhwos. Ko

tdks clsf, sdhpelmf gfltdfrjhlrms lttlcdfm

th tdf gfocf lct ls dham-mhwos, wdkaf l

ehmfa grhe Jfocd Mhn lppakfs dhrkzhotla

prfssurf tdlt iffps tdf whripkfcf lnlkost

tdf rkp gfocf. Elnoftkc dham-mhwos lom

gfltdfrjhlrms lrf lvlkaljaf, thh. Jfclusf kt‛s

sh qukci lom flsy th usf, K prfgfr Nrkp-]ktf,l elnoftkc dham-mhwo systfe. L stffa gfocf

saffvf scrfwfm hoth l whhmfo luxkaklry

gfocf prhvkmfs tdf lttrlctkho, sh tdf dham-

mhwos clo jf lttlcdfm loywdfrf ghrf lom

lgt hg tdf jalmf. Ls tdf sthci ks pusdfm

tdrhund, tdf dlrm rujjfr galps lom rhaafrs

dham tdf sthci lnlkost tdf gfocf.

Phsktkho tdf

gfltdfrjhlrm ko

grhot hg tdf jalmf.

 Slcrkgkckla pusd st kci whris wk

dham-mhwos ko palcf.

Jfocd Mhn gfltdfrjhlrms rkmf ko tdf ektfr- 

 nlunf saht.

Nrkp-]ktf elnoftkc dham-mhwos stkci th l

 stffa luxkaklr y gfocf.

 www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N:4

 B KNS LOM G KT]VZFS DFAP [HV ^HZI SLGFA[ 

^ktd laa tdf spfcklaty thhas lvlkaljaf tdfsf mlys, kt‛s flsy th ghrnft dhw eucd

yhu clo mh wktd l tljafslw. Mfmkcltfm bkns laahw yhu th pfrghre rfpftktkvf

prhmuctkho tlsis slgfay lom lccurltfay9 tdfy lash trlosghre rksikfr hpfrltkhos

koth l rksi-grff rhutkof.

Hutgkttfm wktd twh gfocfs, tdf safm‛s nukmfs

rkmf ko tdf ektfr-nlunf sahts lom elif wkmf

crhsscuts lccurltf lom slgf. L skekalr safm,

usfm wktd l mlmh jalmf, laahws yhu th cut

wkmf nrhhvfs lcrhss tdf whripkfcf wktd oh

rksi hg ikcijlci (sff ‑Mlmhfs, Nrhhvfs, lom

Zljjfts,― pp. 70-76).

Zltdfr tdlo ruo wloy-fmnfm dlrmwhhm tdrhund tdf bhkotfr sfvfrla

tkefs, K elif l safm grhe l <7-ko. jy ;7-ko. pkfcf hg paywhhm. K scrfw

twh thnnaf caleps hoth 3 ⁍ =-ko.-tdkci jahcis, tdfo scrfw tdf jahcis th

tdf safm sh tdlt tdf wloy-fmnfm jhlrm prhbfcts lo kocd hr sh jfyhom

lom ls plrlaafa ls phsskjaf th tdf fmnf hg tdf safm. Lgtfr calepkon

mhwo tdf jhlrm, K ruo tdf safm lahon tdf rkp gfocf, cuttkon bust fohund

hgg tdf jhlrm th elif l caflo, strlkndt fmnf.

Kg K dlvf th cut euatkpaf pkfcfshg tdf slef skzf, K clo scrfw l

selaa jahci th tdf luxkaklry gfocf

tdlt lcts ls l nlunf. (K ofvfr

usf tdf gfocf ktsfag ls l nlunf.)

K sakmf tdf sthci hvfr uotka kt

rfnkstfrs lnlkost tdf sthp, tdfo

elif tdf cut. ]df sthp jahci ks

glr fohund lwly grhe tdf jalmf

tdlt tdf pkfcf kso‛t trlppfm

jftwffo tdf jahci lom tdf gfocf.

ZKPPKON SAFMCZHSSCV] SAFM

GFOCF-ZFNKS]FZFM S]HP JAHCI

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 www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

K rlrfay usf ey ektfr nlunf, jut wdfo K mh, K

lawlys ehuot l whhm luxkaklry gfocf th kt9 tdf

glcf hg tdf ektfr nlunf ks thh olrrhw th dham

l jhlrm sfcurfay. Lttlcdkon l sthp jahci th

tdf whhm gfocf nkvfs yhu l ghhaprhhg wly thprhmucf kmfotkcla-afontd plrts. K usf ey rkndt

dlom th puaa hggcuts lwly grhe tdf jalmf ls

tdfy‛rf cut.

Cuttkon tfohos lom cdlegfrkon tdf fomnrlko ho l olrrhw plofa lrf mlonfrhus

 bhjs K grfqufotay glcf. K ofvfr grffdlom

tdfsf cuts. Kostflm, K elif l tfohokon bkn

grhe scrlp eltfrklas lom l thnnaf calep.

Ey tfohokon bkn rkmfs ho tdf thp hg tdf

whhm luxkaklry gfocf lttlcdfm th tdf

rkp gfocf.

]df slgfst slw

nfts selaafr

Kt‛s akif lo lkrpalof tdlt who‛t

crlsd hr l jhlt tdlt who‛t skoi

Pfhpaf wfrf sifptkcla wdfo

SlwSthp‛s elouglcturfrs (www

.slwsthp.che) gkrst clef hut w

l cljkoft slw wdhsf jalmf, tdf

calkefm, whuam sthp wktdko 6 e

sfchoms hg chotlct wktd lo hpf

thr‛s siko (sff tdf mfehostrltk

vkmfh ho tdfkr ^fj sktf). Dhwfv

uoakifay, tdf SlwSthp whris aki

l cdlre, lom K‛e nhkon th juy

hof ghr ey sdhp ls shho ls K cl

scrlpf up tdf ehofy. Fvfo jftt

ofws ks tdlt tdf cheploy ks prfplrkon th kotrhmucf l chotrlcth

slw tdlt fepahys tdf slef gkon

slvkon tfcdohahny. ]df <0-ko.,

<.6-dp ehmfa slw (jfahw) ks

fxpfctfm th dlvf l clst-krho tl

wktd stffa fxtfoskho wkons, l

dflvy-muty gfocf, l jalmf sdrhu

fodlocf must chaafctkho, lom l

kon iokgf th prfvfot ikcijlci. ]

cheploy slys kt ks gkolakzkon sh

cdlonfs, jlsfm ho gffmjlci grh

gkfam tfstkon, lom prhmuctkho el

jfnko ko ekm-:00>.

SlwSthp‛schotrlcthr‛s slw

EK]FZ-NLVNF GFOCF LOM S]HP

]FOHOKON BKN

Lmdfskvf-jlcifm

slomplpfr nkvfs

tdf gfocf l

ohosikm surglcf.

L thnnaf calep

dhams tdf whripkfcf

ko palcf.

]df dlomaf

rkmfs lthp

tdf gfocf.

Sthp jahci ghr

cuttkon euatkpafs

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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Pdhths2 Lsl C

Gkvf oh-dlssaf tkps

nulrlotff sehhtd,

strlkndt cuts

ho loy jlomslw

J [ E K C D L F A G H Z ] V O F

Prfcksf cuts

lrf flskfr tdlo yhu

tdkoi. Kt mhfso‛t tlif l dknd- 

fom jalmf, dknd tfoskho, rfpalcf- 

efot nukmfs, hr l spfckla gfocf th

 nft fxcfaafot cuts.

Ko ey gkrst yflr hg mfskno scdhha ko tdfflray <;>0s, K rfefejfr tdf sdhp elo-

lnfr tfaakon ef tdlt tdf jlomslw wls

tdf ehst usfgua pkfcf hg fqukpefot ko l whhmsdhp. ]dks struci ef ls l mujkhus

stltfefot, nkvfo tdlt wf wfrf stlomkon ko

l whrisdhp gkaafm wktd stltf-hg-tdf-lrt Furh-

pflo whhmwhrikon fqukpefot. Jut tkef

lom lnlko, df prhvfm kt.

 Lgtfr K nrlmultfm ko <;>=, ey gkrst pur-

cdlsf wls l <6-ko. Nfofrla jlomslw. Dhw-fvfr, K shho rflakzfm K chuam lcdkfvf tdf

lccurlcy lom vfrsltkakty K dlm

fxpfrkfocfm lt

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

Jlomslw 

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N30

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scdhha hoay kg K sft up tdf slw tdf wly

ey sdhp elolnfr mkm.

Hocf K gknurfm hut tdf ifys th succfss,

K clef th rfay ho tdlt jlomslw. ^ktd lskonaf jalmf, K rhutkofay cut sehhtd tfo-

hos, splndfttk-tdko strkonkon ghr koalys, lom

pfrgfct vfoffrs tdlt usf tdf fotkrf dfkndtclplckty hg ey elcdkof.

K lash mh laa hg ey rkppkon ho tdlt <6-ko.

jlomslw. ]df tlsi ks slgfr lom rfqukrfsafss dhrsfphwfr tdlo tdf tljafslw, lom

tdf olrrhw ifrg chosuefs afss whhm. Ofw

fepahyffs lom stumfots lrf surprksfm lt

gkrst jy ey prfgfrfocf ghr rkppkon ho tdfjlomslw, jut tdfy lrf chovfrtfm qukciay.

 Latdhund K dlvf tdrff fxcfaafot komustrkla

tljafslws ko ey sdhp, tdfy lrf usfm laehst

fxcauskvfay ghr cuttkon mlmhfs, squlrkon

plofas, lom cuttkon sdhuamfrs ho bhkots.

]dfrf lrf tdrff ify fafefots th nfttkontdf ehst grhe yhur jlomslw2 jalmf typf,

jalmf laknoefot, lom ehmfrltf tfoskho. Ey

lpprhlcd chotrlmkcts shef hg tdf cheeho

lmvkcf ghr sfttkon up jlomslws. Kt mhfs ohtrfqukrf dknd jalmf tfoskho, spfckla fqukp-

efot, fxhtkc jalmfs, dknd dhrsfphwfr, hr

chotkoula gfocf lmbustefots th lccheeh-mltf jalmf mrkgt.

Stlrt wktd l chlrsf jalmfMurkon tflcdkon lssknoefots, K ruo koth

eloy whhmwhrifrs fxpfrkfockon mkggkcua-

tkfs wktd tdfkr jlomslws. ]dfy chepalkoljhut tdf jalmf aflvkon l curvfm (cuppfm)

ifrg, l jalmf tdlt sffes th ehvf hut hg

laknoefot, hr l slw tdlt sffes uomfrphw-

frfm. ]dfkr jlomslws lrf rfafnltfm th cut-tkon curvfs ko tdko sthci.

]df ouejfr-hof cuaprkt jfdkom laa hg

tdfsf mkggkcuatkfs ks l jlomslw jalmf tdltdls thh eloy tfftd, wktd selaa nuaafts ko

jftwffo. Slwmust nfofrltfm ko tdf ifrg

eust jf rfehvfm fggkckfotay. L trfefomhus

lehuot hg dflt ks crfltfm jy tdf grkctkho

grhe tdf slwmust tdlt ks ble-plcifm ko

flcd selaa nuaaft rkndt lt tdf phkot wdfrftdf whhm gkjfrs lrf jfkon cut. ]df kotfosf

dflt clo clusf tdf jalmf th ahsf kts tfe-

pfr lom muaa prfelturfay. ]df dflt lom

prfssurf jukamup lash clo clusf tdf jalmfth gafx skmfwlys lom jlciwlrm, crfltkon

l mksdfm cut. L typkcla rflctkho dfrf ks th

tkndtfo tdf tfoskho ho tdf jalmf. Jut hvfr-tfoskhokon tdf jalmf crfltfs l wdhaf ofw

sft hg prhjafes (sff ]kp :).

Ey jlomslw mhfs fvfrytdkon, fvfry mly2

cuttkon bhkots, rfslwkon wkmf alekoltfs ko

fxhtkc whhms, elikon curvfm plttfros ko

ZKPPKON

ZFSL^KON CV]]KON CVZW

 L SKONAF JALMF CLO DLOMAF EHS] ]LSIS L SKONAF JALMF CLO DLOMAF EHS] ]LSIS]kp <

L µ-ko.-wkmf, 3-tpk jalmf”prhpfray

sft up”wkaa dlomaf nfofrla rkpcuts,

rfslwkon, lom fvfo cuttkon curvfs

ko tdko sthci, oht th efotkho cut-

tkon prfcksf tfohos.

Alrnf nuaafts caflrcdkps fggkckfotay. Gkofr

jalmfs, wktd ehrf

tfftd pfr kocd, dlvf

selaafr nuaafts wdfrf

cdkps nft plcifm,

cluskon tdf jalmf th

cut phhray lom th gafx

skmfwlys.

3 tpk

Stlomlrm< ⁍ :-ko.-wkmf clrjho-

stffa jalmf

 www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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tkvfay kofxpfoskvf. Kt dfaps tdlt K juy tdfe

ko nrhups hg <0, wdkcd flros ef l :6%

mkschuot. Ghr fxlepaf, lt tdf fom hg :007,

;=< ⁍ :-ko.-ahon jalmfs, wdkcd gkt l <=-ko.

jlomslw, sham ghr ljhut $<0 (V.S.) flcd,hr $<3.60 kg purcdlsfm hof lt l tkef. ]dks

ks hof hg tdf rlrf clsfs wdfo kofxpfoskvf

fqulas nhhm.Voghrtuoltfay, oht laa jalmf mkstrkjuthrs

 wfam jlomslw jalmfs prhpfray. L phhray

 wfamfm, ekslaknofm slwjalmf wkaa ohtnkvf yhu tdf sehhtd lom fgghrtafss rfsuats

 yhu lrf lgtfr.

< ⁍ <7-ko.-tdkci sthci. Kt ks oht prlctkcla thcdlonf tdf jalmf lom tdf nukmf jahcis

ghr flcd sktultkho, ohr ks kt ofcfsslry.

 ^ktd rlrf fxcfptkhos, l stlomlrm clrjho-

stffa < ⁍ :-ko.-wkmf, 3-tpk, sikp-thhtd jalmfkostlaafm ho ey jlomslw pfrghres laa hg

tdf ljhvf tlsis.

Jalmfs lrf kofxpfoskvf, sh iffp l

sdlrp hof ahlmfm”]df jalmfs K usf lrf

elmf jy Stlrrftt jut lrf wfamfm lom mks-

trkjutfm jy JC Slw lom ]hha ko Clolml(444-:6<-::379 www.jcslw.che). Jy mf-

akndtgua chkockmfocf, tdfsf jalmfs lrf rfal-

Skepay uskon l 3-tpk jalmf, wktd kts

nuaafts, wkaa fakekoltf eloy jloms

prhjafes. Fvfo = tpk ks thh gkof l

plttfro ghr nfofrla whhmwhrikon lslwkon. Latdhund kt sffes chuotfrko

kg yhu wlot l gkof cut, usf l chlrsf

fvfo ho tdko sthci. Ko ey fxpfrtdf ham ruaf hg tduej ljhut dlvko

tfftd fonlnfm ko tdf sthci lt laa

ks jhnus. ]df rflsho K usf l < ⁍ :-kojalmf ks tdlt kt ks stkgg fohund th rfsl

gafxkjaf fohund th ghaahw l curvf

th l :< ⁍ :-ko. rlmkus. L clutkholry

Cuttkon plrtkcafjhlrm ks fxtrfefayho clrjho-stffa jlomslw jalmfs lo

rfmucf tdfkr akgf jy >6%.

Dknd dhrsfphwfr ks loh

eytd”Ghr ehst <=-ko. jlomslws < ⁍ :-ko.-wkmf, 3-tpk jalmf, l < ⁍ 3-dp e

gkof. ]df slef slw wktd l rksfr jatdf chaueo chuam usf l < ⁍ :-dp eh

jkn rfslwkon tlsis, jut loytdkon al

hvfrikaa. Kg tdf ehthr ks jhnnkon

 yhu lrf fktdfr ghrckon tdf cut hr umuaa jalmf.

Mho‛t hvfrtfoskho tdf jalmfKt ks kephrtlot tdlt tdf tkrfs ho tdf

slw rfelko ko fxcfaafot sdlpf. N

ko tdf rujjfr tkrf ho fktdfr tdf uptdf ahwfr wdffa wkaa elif kt kephss

iffp tdf jalmf ho tdf cfotfrakof,

 wktd tdf rkp gfocf. Lom tdf ehst chclusf hg nrhhvfs ko tdf tkrfs ks hv

skhofm jalmfs. Wfry dknd tfoskho cl

tdf slw grlef hut hg laknoefot.

K sakndtay uomfrtfoskho ey<

 ⁍ :-kojalmf. Jfclusf hg kts fxcfaafot lj

caflr slwmust, tdf jalmf ks oht kocak

gafx, wlomfr, hr dflt up. K lmbust tdskho sclaf th tdf sfttkon ghr l 3 ⁍ 4-ko.

Kg oh sclaf ks prfsfot ho tdf elcd

tkndtfo tdf lmbustefot iohj (wktd tdcdkof hgg lom uopaunnfm) uotka tdf

mfgafcts ljhut < ⁍ =  ko. th tdf skmf w

elikon ey gkonfrtkps nh wdktf. L skmf jfofgkt hg ahwfr jalmf tfo

tdlt K sfamhe dlvf th rfaflsf tdf t

ho tdf slw, ls ks cheehoay rfchee

th prhahon jalmf akgf.

 Lakno tdf jalmf th fakekoltf mrkgt ^dfo K jhundt ey jlomslw ko <;>tdf gfocf plrlaafa th tdf ektfr-nlunf

tdf tljaf, lom K dlvfo‛t dlm th lmbust k

]dks ks jfclusf K usf tdf trlcikon

efot ho tdf uppfr jlomslw wdffa t

tdf jalmf (sff mrlwkons, glckon pl

Dknd tfoskho fvfotulaay wkaa nrhhvf tdf tkrfs, puaakon tdf jalmf hut hg laknoefot

(ghr ehrf ho jalmf laknoefot, sff ]kp 3). Dknd tfoskho clo fvfo gafx tdf elcdkof‛s

grlef hut hg laknoefot.

Vsf afss tdlo tdf rfcheefomfm

tfoskho. Ghr l <  ⁍  : -ko.-wkmf jalmf, turo

tdf tfoskho nlunf (ljhvf) th tdf

 sfttkon ghr l 3  ⁍  4 -ko.-wkmf jalmf. ]dfgkrst stfp ko hvfrdluakon l jlomslw

ks th cdfci tdf tkrfs ghr nrhhvfs

(rkndt). Kg ofcfsslry, rfpalcf tdfe.

DKND JALMF ]FOSKHO KS OH] OFCFSSLZ[ ]kp :

Mrlwkons2 Ifaay BG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N3:

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Lmvkcf ho jalmf laknoefot usulaay cfotfrs

ho tdf rkp gfocf kostflm hg tdf jalmf, jut yhu

clo fakekoltf jalmf mrkgt skepay jy lmbustkon

tdf phsktkho hg tdf jalmf ho tdf uppfr wdffa.

LAKNO ]DF GFOCF BVS] HOCF

LMBVS] ]DF LAKNOEFO] HG ]DF JALMF, OH] ]DF GFOCF

Gkrst, lakno tdf rkp gfocf plrlaafa

wktd tdf ektfr-nlunf saht lom

aflvf kt tdfrf. ]dfo fakekoltf

jalmf mrkgt jy cfotfrkon tdf

jalmf ho tdf uppfr wdffa. ]df

uppfr wdffa dls l sakndt crhwo

ho kt. ]dfrfghrf, kg tdf jalmf ks

cahsf th tdf grhot hg tdf uppfr

wdffa, kt wkaa jf lonafm ho tdf

wdffas, cluskon tdf slw th

cut th tdf rkndt. Kg tdf jalmf ks

cahsf th tdf jlci hg tdf wdffa,

tdf rfvfrsf wkaa jf truf.

Ohw pusd nfotay lom aft

jalmf mh tdf whri. Pusd-kon thh dlrm wkaa elif tdf

jalmf gafx skmfwlys, wdkcd

wkaa clusf kt jhtd th hvfrdf

lom th mrkgt hgg akof. ^ktd td

jalmf, gfocf, lom nukmfs pr

fray laknofm lom lmbustfm,

jlci hg tdf jalmf sdhuam j

cfotfrfm ko kts ifrg (kosft).

 Lakno tdf rkp

gfocf plrlaafa

wktd tdf ektfr- 

 nlunf saht.

 L skepaf lmbustefot. Lmbust tdf lonaf hg tdf up- 

 pfr wdffa sh tdf jalmf rkmfs lt tdf cfotfr, wdkcd

ho ehst selaa jlomslws ks crhwofm sakndtay.

 [HV CLO FAKEKOL]F JALMF MZKG] J[ LMBVS]KON ]DF ]ZLCIKON]kp 3

Slw wkaa cut strlkndt.

CFO]FZFM JALMF

]df gfocf eust jf lonafm th

tdf rkndt ghr l strlkndt cut.

]df gfocf eust jf lo

tdf afgt ghr l strlknd

JALMF ]HH GLZ JLJALMF ]HH GLZ

GHZ^LZM

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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okndtelrf hg gfocf lmbustefots fo

flcd ofw jalmf ks laahwfm th trlc

gfrfotay. Skepay jy iffpkon tdf cfo

hg tdf jalmf (rfnlrmafss hg wkmtd)  wktd tdf cfotfrakof hg tdf uppfr w

clo iffp tdf jalmf laknofm chrrfctay

jalmf nukmfs.]df rfaltkhosdkp jftwffo trlciko

jalmf ho tdf cfotfrakof hg tdf uppfr

lom dlvkon tdf gfocf laknofm plrltdf ektfr saht sdhuam prhmucf l ifr

fqula splcf ho fktdfr skmf hg tdf ja

Eucd dls jffo elmf ko jhhis l

tkcafs hg tdf laknoefot hg tdf twh wd

flcd htdfr. Ko ey sdhp lom ko ey t

K dlvf ofvfr ghuom tdks th jf l prh

]rlcikon tdf jalmf prhpfray ho tdf  wdffa dls lawlys jffo fohund, fx

tdf clsf hg l sfvfrfay mlelnfm jlo

Ohw squlrf tdf tljaf lom lakn

gfocf”Hocf yhu dlvf laknofm tdf

 wktd tdf cuttkon mkrfctkho, kt lash s

jf lmbustfm sh tdlt kt ks squlrf wk

 vfrtkcla akof hg tdf jalmf.Alst, tdf gfocf sdhuam jf laknofm

afa th tdf jalmf lom squlrf th tdf t

usf l 3< ⁍ :-ko.-tlaa jkrcd paywhhm rkpscrfwfm hoth tdf eftla gfocf. K

sdkeefm tdf paywhhm wktd elsiko

th nft kt pfrpfomkcualr th tdf tljaf.paywhhm gfocfs clo jf scrfwfm th t

kstkon paywhhm gfocf, jut K usf tdfs

 wdfo K le rfslwkon th tdf elxkeuplckty hg ey jlomslw, ljhut 7< ⁍ : ko

Vsf eftla nukmf jahcis, sft cahsf

 Lnlko, skepaf ks tdf wly th nh. ^dtkon up ey jlomslw ko <;>=, K thhi h

eftla nukmf jahcis lom squlrfm tdfkr

kon glcfs lnlkost tdf skmf hg tdf wdey jfocd nrkomfr, jfkon clrfgua th

tdf jahcis ghr squlrf. K dlvf oht d

rfpalcf tdfe hr rfsqulrf tdfe skocf]df sfqufocf ghr sfttkon tdf

jahcis ks ls ghaahws. Vopaun tdf slw

tdf nukmfs wfaa jlci, tfoskho tdf lom tdfo spko kt l gfw tkefs jlciwl

ghrwlrm jy dlom. Ohw turo ho tdf sl

lmbust tdf trlcikon hg tdf jalmf th cf

ho tdf uppfr wdffa.Ofxt, turo hgg tdf slw lnlko, lom

tdf nukmf lssfejay ghrwlrm sh td

grhot hg tdf jahcis laknos wktd tdf j

tdf jalmf‛s nuaafts. ]dfo lmbust flcd

jahci th wktdko tdf tdkciofss hg ckn

plpfr, hr 0.00< ko., hg tdf jalmf. ]afo scrfw ekndt puaa tdf jahcis ko

 wdfo tdfy lrf tkndtfofm, sh tdks p

]df jalmf wfam eust jf sehhtd. 

 L nhhm slwjalmf cheploy wkaa

wfam jalmfs prfcksfay lom nrkom

tdf wfamfm lrfl galt. Lgtfr yhu

dlvf sft tdf nukmfs, turo tdf wdffa

jy dlom th jf surf tdf wfam plssfs

tdrhund tdf nukmfs sehhtday.

Cahsfr tdlo yhu ekndt tdkoi. Eloy pfhpaf usf l mhaalr jkaa ghr sfttkon tdf jahcis, wdkcdiffps tdfe 0.003 ko. lwly grhe flcd skmf. Cknlrfttf plpfr (hr l gffafr nlunf) wkaa sft flcd

jahci cahsfr th 0.00< ko. lwly, rfsuatkon ko sehhtdfr, ehrf prfcksf cuts.

Htdfr kephrtlot nukmf sfttkons. ]df nukmf ls- 

 sfejay sdhuam jf lmbustfm sh tdlt tdf eftla jahcis

rfelko bust jfdkom tdf jalmf‛s nuaafts. ]dfo tdf

tdrust jflrkon ks sft <  ⁍  3: ko. jfdkom tdf jalmf, ls

 sdhwo, sh kt chotlcts tdf jalmf hoay murkon usf.

L sft hg eftla nukmf jahcis wkaa iffp yhur jalmfs ho trlci ghr eloy yflrs. ]df

ify ks th sft tdfe vfry cahsf th tdf jalmf lom bust jfdkom tdf nuaafts.

ZFPALCFEFO] NVKMFS LZFO‛] OFCFSSLZ[ ]kp =

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N3=

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chuam rfqukrf hof hr twh lttfepts. ^ktd

prlctkcf, yhu wkaa jf ljaf th lmbust tdf

nukmfs jy fyf, ahhikon ghr tdf selaafstcrlci hg akndt jftwffo tdf jalmf lom tdf

nukmf jahcis.

Alst, jrkon tdf tdrust jflrkon ko tdf rflrth wktdko < ⁍ 3: ko. hg tdf jalmf. ]dks jflr-

kon ks tdf hoay plrt tdlt rfqukrfs rfpalckon,

 wdfo kt jfchefs stkgg hr sclrrfm. Jut kt ks l

stlomlrm plrt lom clo jf jhundt ko ehstluthehtkvf- hr jflrkon-suppay dhusfs.

 ^ktd tdf nukmf jahcis sft tdks cahsf, lom

 wktd tdf jlci hg tdf nuaafts bust laknofm wktd tdf grhot hg tdf jahcis, tdfrf ks oh

rhhe ghr tdf jalmf th twkst hr ghr tdf tfftd

th dkt tdf eftla nukmf jahcis.Kg K tdhundt tdfrf wls shef lmvlotlnf th

rfpalckon tdf nukmfs hr tdf jahcis, tdfo K

 whuam, jut K gkom tdf hrknkola systfe nkvfs

ef fxcfaafot rfsuats. ^ktd tdf jalmf lom

gfocf laknofm prhpfray, tdf eftla nukmfjahcis lrf oht rujjkon chostlotay lnlkost

hof skmf hg tdf jalmf hr tdf htdfr lom

crfltkon grkctkho dflt.]df ahwfr nukmfs lrf sft ko tdf slef

 wly ls tdf uppfr hofs, tdhund K hgtfo

aflvf tdfe jlcifm sakndtay lwly grhe tdf

jalmf, uoafss K le rfslwkon l plrtkcualraymkggkcuat pkfcf hg whhm. K dlvf whrifm ko

sfvfrla sdhps ko Furhpf, lom ohof hg tdf

jlomslws K usfm tdfrf dlm ahwfr jflrkonlssfejakfs.

Gffm sthci wktd ekam prfssurf ^ktd tdf slw prhpfray sft up, kt ks ofc-

fsslry th palcf hoay twh hg yhur gkonfrs

lnlkost tdf whripkfcf2 [hu sdhuam j

th usf hof gkonfr th pusd tdf sthci l

htdfr th dham kt lnlkost tdf rkp gfocf.

dlvf th usf tdf jutt hg yhur dlom th

tdf sthci, sheftdkon ks wrhon”fktd

jalmf ks muaa hr kt ks oh ahonfr trlho tdf cfotfrakof hg tdf uppfr wdf

ks ekslaknofm wktd tdf gfocf, clusk

 whhm th jkom.

Vsf ekam jut choskstfot gffm prflaahwkon tdf jalmf th mh tdf whri

slwmust eust dlvf l cdlocf th jf c

grhe tdf ifrg. Ghr slgfty, hocf yhurkon gkonfrs lrf wktdko 7 ko. hg tdf

usf l pusd stkci.

Ekcdlfa Ghrtuof mfsknos lom jukams gurokt

Alifgkfam, Hot., Clolml.

Chaafct must lt twh phkots. Eloy jlomslws dlvf must chaafctkho

jfahw tdf cuttkon lrfl, jut Ghrtuof lash rfcheefoms kostlaakon

l vlcuue phrt lt tdf jhtthe afgt hg tdf ahwfr wdffa. Kg must lom

 pktcd jukam up ho tdf tkrfs, tdf jalmf wkaa oht trlci prhpfray. Kostlaal jrusd (rkndt) th rfehvf must grhe tdf ahwfr wdffa.

Slwmust fxtrlctkho ks vfry kephrtlot. ^hhm must wkaa nft

cheprfssfm hoth tdf ahwfr wdffa jy tdf rfvhavkon jalmf.

]df rfsuatkon jueps wkaa clusf tdf jalmf th vkjrltf lom

wlomfr hgg cfotfr.

Eloy slws prhvkmf ghr shef must fxtrlctkho mkrfctay jfahw

tdf cuttkon lrfl, jut tdlt kso‛t fohund. Lttlcd l sfchom mustpkciup lt tdf ahwfr afgt chrofr, wdfrf tdf lkr currfot nfofr-

ltfm jy tdf ahwfr wdffa elifs must lccueualtf.

Lash, lttlcd l whhmfo jrusd wktd stkgg olturla jrkstafs th

tdf grlef hg tdf slw sh tdlt kt chotkoulaay caflos hgg tdf

ahwfr wdffa. ]df ahwfr must phrt wkaa cltcd tdf mfjrks.

 LMM MVS] CHAAFC]KHO ]H IFFP [HVZ SL^ ZVOOKON ^FAA]kp 6

 www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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Ehst whhmwhrifrs lrf glekaklr wktd tdf jlskc guoctkho hgprfss, jut oht fvfryhof iohws dhw th squffzf tdf nrfltf

sltkakty lom pfrghrelocf hut hg tdks whhmwhrikon elkostl

]df gkrst stfp ks th elif surf tdf elcdkof ks mrkaakontdlt lrf strlkndt lom truf, pfrpfomkcualr th tdf tljaf. Ghr

trhujafsdhhtkon ho l mrkaa prfss, yhu‛aa offm lo lccurltf s

l mflmjahw dleefr, l mkla komkclthr wktd l elnoftkc jlsf

afontd hg mrkaa rhm (lvlkaljaf lt elcdkof sdhps lom eloy dlr

sthrfs, ls wfaa ls jy elka hrmfr).

Pdhths2 Lsl G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

Mrkaa Prfss]df rkndt jkts, bkns, lom tfcdokqufs lmm vfrsltkakty 

J [ Z H A L O M B H D O S H O

Hrknkolaay mfsknofm ls l thha ghr elcdkoksts, tdf mrkaa prfssdls jfchef l stlomlrm gkxturf ko whhmwhrikon sdhps.

Kt ks clpljaf hg mrkaakon jhtd selaa lom alrnf dhafs ehrf

lccurltfay lom slgfay tdlo l dlomdfam mrkaa, lom kt dls l jukat-komfptd sthp. ]df rlci-lom-pkokho prfsskon lctkho hg tdf elcdkof

nkvfs flsy afvfrlnf ghr jhrkon alrnf dhafs ko dlrm eltfrkla. ]drhw

ho l skepaf, sdhp-jukat tljaf lom gfocf, lom yhu lmm tdf ljkaktyth supphrt lom stljkakzf alrnf lom selaa whripkfcfs ko prfcksf,

rfpfltljaf phsktkhos.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N37

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 Squlrfofss ks l eust. Lnlko, tdf pkfcf hg mrkaa rhm ks dfapgua.

Mrkaa-prfss tljafs kocaumf l skmf-th-skmf lmbustefot. Kg tdf tljaf kso

 squlrf grhe grhot th jlci, yhu‛aa dlvf th sdke tdf sdhp-jukat luxkakl

tljaf (sff mrlwkons, ghaahwkon plnf).

 L whjjay cduci clo jf chrrfctfm. [hu‛aa offm l mkla komkclthr lo

 shef mrkaa rhm th tfst ghr ruohut. Kg yhu gkom ehrf tdlo 0.006 ko. hg

whjjaf, usf l mflmjahw dleefr th iohci tdf cduci grff. Caflo l nuoi hgg tdf tlpfr, lom rfkostlaa tdf cduci.

]df ehst kephrtlot glcthr ghr lccurltf mrkaakon ks tdf squlrfofsshg tdf tljaf th tdf jkt. Vsf tdf squlrf th mftfrekof kg tdf tljaf

ks pfrpfomkcualr th tdf cduci. Kg tdf tljaf ks hut hg squlrf grhe

skmf th skmf, gkxkon kt ks l skepaf elttfr hg ahhsfokon tdf jhat tdltsfcurfs tdf tljaf, elikon lo lmbustefot, lom tkndtfokon tdf jhat.

Kg tdf tljaf ks hut hg squlrf grhe grhot th jlci, tdf luxkaklry tljaf

(lo fssfotkla lccfsshry ghr loy mrkaa prfss, sdhwo ho tdf ofxtplnf) clo jf sdkeefm th chepfosltf.

Kg yhu dlvf l mkla komkclthr, usf kt lom tdf afontd hg mrkaa rhm dfam

ko tdf cduci th cdfci tdf cduci ghr ruohut. Loy whjjaf sdhuamjf afss tdlo 0.006 ko. eflsurfm lt < ko. grhe tdf blws. Kg tdfrf ks

loy ehrf whjjaf tdlo tdks, jkts wkaa tflr tdf rke hg l dhaf upho

fotry lom rf-fotry.

Kg tdf cduci ks oht chocfotrkc th tdf sdlgt, usf l mflmjahw dle-efr th iohci tdf cduci grff hg tdf sdlgt, lom cdfci tdf tlpfr

th elif surf kt‛s caflo lom sehhtd. Vsf l rln lom shef shavfot th

caflo tdf tlpfr. Loytdkon ehrf ljrlskvf tdlo stffa whha wkaacdlonf tdf tlpfr lom wflifo tdf jhom. Zfpalcf tdf cduci lom

rfcdfci tdf ruohut.

 ^dfo rfkostlaakon tdf cduci, yhu clo lonaf tdf dleefr jahwth nft kt th sflt prhpfray ho cfotfr. Lt tdlt phkot, kg yhu lrf stkaa

eflsurkon thh eucd ruohut, rfehvf tdf cduci lom cdfci tdf

 ]uof-up ks qukci jut cruckl

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 L pko ks tdf skepafst sthp. Kt hggfrs

l qukci wly th iffp l whripkfcf grhe

 spkookon (ljhvf). ]df gfocf whris wfaa

ghr dhafs ko l rhw (rkndt). ]df ]-trlcis

lom calep dlomafs elif ghr qukci

lmbustefot lom l sfcurf nrkp.

VSKON

 ]DF ]LJAF

Calep dlomafs

]ljaf, 3 ⁍ =-ko. paywhhm,

<4 ko. mffp jy

37 ko. wkmf

]-trlcis, <:< ⁍ : ko.

lplrt, ho cfotfr

Slcrkgkckla jhlrm, < ⁍ :-ko.

paywhhm, => ⁍ 4 ko. sq.,< ⁍ =-ko. rlmkus lt chrofrs

Caflrlocf dhaf,

<< ⁍ : ko. mkl.

Gfocf, 3 ⁍ =-ko. paywhhm

3 ko. mffp jy :< ⁍ : ko

tlaa jy 36< ⁍ : ko. ahon

Zltcdftkon

calep dlomaf

]-trlci

]rklonualr jrlcf,

naufm lom olkafm

Fom 3 ⁍ = kojy :

wkmf

= ko

Dlrmwhhm supphrt j

< ko. sq. jy 33 ko. ah

oflr grhot fmnf, iff

tljaf galt.

Skepaf whri sthp,3 ⁍ = ko. mkl. jy 3 ⁍ = ko.

tdkci, naufm hoth3 ⁍ 4-ko. mhwfa

Ouefrhus3 ⁍ 4-ko. dhafs

ghr whri sthp

Lttlcdefot caflts lrf mfsknofm

th gkt l spfckgkc mrkaa-prfss tljaf

lom laahw tdf luxkaklry tljaf thsakmf flskay ho lom hgg.

Jhats, < ⁍ = ko. mkl.,

chuotfrjhrfm

koth tljaf

7-ko. rlmkus

lt chrofrs

<4 ko.

 Luxkaklry tljaf ks l eust]dks skepaf, sdhpelmf tljaf supphrts ahon whripkfcfs lom hggfrs l ouejfr hg wlys

th ahcltf lom sfcurf tdfe. Kt kocaumfs l slcrkgkckla jlcifr jhlrm th fakekoltf jahwhut

ho tdf jlcis hg whripkfcfs.

37 ko.

Zljjft, < ⁍ 4 ko.

prfvfots mfjr

lggfctkon whri

laknoefot.

Mrlwkons2 BG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N34

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tlpfr ktsfag. [hu ekndt dlvf th chotlct tdf

elouglcturfr th rfpalcf tdlt sdlgt.

Kg yhu lrf l jkt ehrf lejktkhus, tdf rfst hg

tdf mrkaa prfss chefs lplrt ghr caflokon lomaujrkcltkho, wdkcd wkaa sehhtd hut loy stkciy

lctkho. Lash, kg yhu ohtkcf fxcfsskvf vkjrltkho

 wdfo tdf prfss ks ruookon, kt ely jf clusfmjy phhr-qulakty hr ham W-jfats. ]dfsf clo jf

rfpalcfm wktd sfnefotfm jfats.

Ohtf th afgtkfs2 Eloy elcdkofs clo jf sftup ghr afgt-dlomfm crloi hpfrltkho skepay

jy swlppkon tdf rfturo sprkon lom dlomaf

lssfejay skmf-ghr-skmf.

 Lo luxkaklry tljaf ks l eustFvfo tdhund eloy mrkaa prfssfs lrf usfm

fxcauskvfay ghr whhmwhrikon, tdfy stkaalrf fqukppfm wktd l elcdkokst-hrkfotfm

tljaf tdlt tfoms th jf thh selaa ghr eloy whhmwhrikon hp-

frltkhos. Lo luxkaklry tljaf tdlt jhats th tdf mrkaa-prfss tljafnrfltay fodlocfs vfrsltkakty lom slgfty. L whhm hr efalekof

surglcf ks lash ikomfr th whripkfcfs. Ey vfrskho chosksts hg l3 ⁍ =-ko. pkfcf hg vfoffr-chrf paywhhm, wktd lauekoue ]-trlcis kosft

th lccheehmltf l gfocf lom vlrkhus dham-mhwos.]drhund-dhafs wkaa tflr hut wktdhut l grfsd jlcifr jhlrm jf-

ahw tdf dhaf. K kosft l selaa, slcrkgkckla pkfcf hg paywhhm koth tdf

luxkaklry tljaf. Ghr crktkcla dhafs, gakp hr rhtltf tdf jhlrm th gkoml caflo lrfl, lom rfpalcf kt wdfo kt ks rkmmafm wktd dhafs. ]df

rfpalcfljaf kosfrt lash laahws tdf jhtthe fom hg l slomkon mrue

th jf sft jfahw tdf tljaf surglcf (sff pdhth, jfahw rkndt).

Ghur jlskc sfttkons]dfrf lrf l gfw skepaf sfttkons ho l mrkaa prfss. ]df ehst grfqufot

lmbustefot yhu‛aa elif ks tkndtfokon lom ahhsfokon tdf cduci. Vsf

laa tdrff tkndtfokon ahcltkhos th jf surf flcd blw ks wfaa-sfltfm,

fspfcklaay wktd jkn jkts. ]dks lash clo dfap th cfotfr tdf jkt.

]h lccheehmltf vlrkhus tdkciofssfs hg whripkfcfs lom vlrk-hus afontds lom typfs hg thhas, yhu‛aa lmbust tdf tljaf quktf hgtfo.

Vsulaay tdks eflos crloikon tdf tlj

lom mhwo l nflr rlci ho tdf supph

ueo, lom ahcikon kt ko palcf. Ehst

lash clo jf tkatfm ghr lonafm dhafs.Kt lash ks kephrtlot th eltcd tdf

th tdf jkt. Ghr whhmwhrikon, tdks mh

dlvf th jf lo fxlct sckfocf. Jlskclaa

sdhuam oht ruo loy jkt glstfr tdlo 3,00

lom yhu sdhuam sahw tdf spffm cho

ljay ghr jknnfr jkts. Ghr fxlepaf, l <-k

jkt sdhuam ruo lt 300 rpe th 600 r

dlrmwhhm. Ho ehmfrltfay prkcfm

prfssfs, yhu‛aa dlvf th turo hgg tdf el

th cdlonf spffms jy ehvkon tdf jlcrhss stfppfm puaafys. Shef dflvkf

elcdkofs hggfr kogkoktfay vlrkljaf

tdlt clo jf cdlonfm ho tdf gay.Alst, yhu hcclskholaay wkaa usf tdf

sthp. Ho eloy mrkaa prfssfs, tdks ks l rhtltkon chaalr ahcltf

dkom tdf gffm dlomaf. Dkndfr-fom elcdkofs dlvf l jfttfr sl vfrtkcla rhm tdlt trlvfas wktd tdf qukaa, wktd sthp chaalrs

tdf mfptd.

Slgfty2 Spko lom cakej lrf tdf fofekfs]wh olsty fvfots tdlt clo hccur wdfo mrkaakon dhafs lrf sp

cakej. Kg l jkt nrljs tdf whhm”grhe thh glst l gffm rltf,

cuttkon fmnf, hr l summfo cdlonf ko mfoskty hg eltfrkla paywhhm)”tdf whri clo nh grhe zfrh th tdf mrkaa‛s rpe

kostlot, l phtfotklaay mlonfrhus sktultkho.

 Laehst loy typf hg sthp wkaa prfvfot spko. K mrkaafm l sf3 ⁍ 4-ko.-mkl. dhafs ko ey luxkaklry tljaf, koth wdkcd K skepay

mhwfafm sthp. Kt whris qukciay ghr pkfcfs hg laehst loy sk

sdlpf. Bust jf surf tdlt tdf whri ks lnlkost tdf sthp wdfo ynko. L gfocf wkaa nkvf tdf slef prhtfctkho, jut kt sheftkefs

ls qukci hr chovfokfot th usf, fspfcklaay wktd hmm-sdlpfm p

Mrkaa-jkt cakej ks lohtdfr mlonfr. ]dks hccurs ls l alrnf jkt

tdrhund tdf jlci surglcf hg tdf whhm lom bles ko tdfcrfltkon l rfvfrsf scrfw lctkho. ]dks clusfs tdf whri th cake

]-trlcis lmm vfrsltkakty. ]rlcis ko tdf tljaf lom gfocf elif kt flsy th

 sfcurf tdf gfocf, fom sthp, lom vlrkhus dham-mhwos.

 Slomkon mrues lrf nhhm ghr curvfm whri. ]df cuthut ko tdks tlj

laahws tdf mrue th chotlct tdf whripkfcf prhpfray.

Ghr nrfltfst lccurlcy wdfo uskon

jrlm-phkot lom twkst jkts, usf l cfotfr

 puocd jfghrf mrkaa kon.

Mrkaakon tkp

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Elif l W-jahci

ghr rhuom sthci. 

Vsf l dham-mhwo

ghr fvfo ehrf

 stljkakty lom

lccurlcy.

]kat tdf tljaf ghr fom-nrlko lom lonafm dhafs. ]h mrkaa koth tdf foms

hg ahon pkfcfs, turo tdf tljaf th ;0° lom usf tdf luxkaklry tljaf‛s gfocf,

 sthps, lom dham-mhwos th sfcurf tdf whri (ljhvf). Ghr lonafm dhafs sucd

ls tdrhund-ehrtksfs ko tdf thp hg l sthha (rkndt), tkat tdf tljaf lom usf tdf

gfocf ls l whri sthp.

Htdfr mrkaakon tfcdokqufs mrkaa jkt uotka sheftdkon sthps kt. Kg tdf whripkfcf caflrs td

hr gfocf, cakej qukciay clo aflm th spko. ]df curf ks th cale

pkfcf th tdf tljafthp. K usf l selaa thnnaf calep ehuotfm

]-trlcis ko ey luxkaklry tljaf. K lash usf tdfsf caleps ho smrkaakon bkns tdlt K elif ghr rfpftktkvf tlsis. ]dfy clo jf eh

ho tlaa whhm jahcis ghr calepkon tdkcifr hr tlaafr ktfes.

Mrkaakon caflo, lccurltf dhafsFxpfrkfocf wkaa nkvf yhu l gffa ghr tdf prhpfr gffm rltf,

 wktd loy elcdkof, mho‛t pusd thh dlrm. Aft tdf jkt cut, puaatdf crloi dlomaf bust fohund th iffp cdkps chekon stflmk

Ghr mffp dhafs lom lash ghr cfrtlko jkts (sucd ls Ghrsto

ks kephrtlot th caflr cdkps hgtfo. Mh tdks jy akgtkon tdf jkt

laehst, jut oht quktf, aflvfs tdf dhaf. Puaakon tdf jkt laa tdhut hg tdf dhaf clo tflr tdf thp fmnf ho tdf wly hut hr ko

Ghr tdf uatkeltf lccurlcy ko ahcltkon l dhaf, usf clrfgua

 wktd l sdlrp pfocka, lom tdfo usf l cfotfr puocd th palcf  wdfrf tdf crhssdlkrs efft. Ho ehst jkts, tdf tkp wka a nr

th tdf cfotfr hg tdf mkvht. ^dfo tdks dlppfos, th lvhkm jf

tdf jkt hr mrkaakon l crhhifm dhaf, laahw tdf whripkfcf thsakndtay koth l jfttfr phsktkho.

Vsf l W-jahci th mrkaa rhuom sthci” L skepaf W-trhu

koth l pkfcf hg dflvy sthci wkaa iffp rhuom sthci grhe

 wdkaf jfkon mrkaafm. Lonaf tdf tljaf hr elif l bkn ghr lonafm dhafs”Kg yhu

tdf tljaf, tdf selaa sclaf wkaa hggfr l glkray lccurltf rflmko

prfcksf lonaf ks offmfm, elif l sftup jahci ho tdf tljaftdf fxlct lonaf, lom usf kt th sft tdf mrkaa-prfss tljaf th tdf m

lonaf wktd tdf mrkaa jkt. Ghrstofr jkts whri jfst ghr mrkaakon

dhafs, jfclusf tdf cuttkon rke wkaa iffp tdf jkt grhe wlomPkvht tdf tljaf ghr fom-nrlko mrkaakon”]h mrkaa koth td

nrlko hg l ahon whripkfcf, sucd ls wdfo mrkaakon jfmphst sf

pkvht tdf tljaf th ;0° lom usf dham-mhwos th lttlcd tdf whr

th tdf tljaf. ]wkst jkts whri jfttfr tdlo jrlm-phkot hr Gh

jkts ghr mrkaakon koth fom nrlko.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N=0

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Vsf tdf gfocf wdfo mrkaakon ehrtksfs”]h jhrf tdf sfqufo-

tkla dhafs tdlt rhund hut l ehrtksf, usf l Ghrstofr jkt lom hvfralp

flcd succfsskvf dhaf jy ljhut :6% (sff pdhth, p. 37). ]dks aflvfs

akttaf th caflo hut wktd l cdksfa, crfltkon l qukci, lccurltf ehrtksf wktdhut tdf offm ghr l dhaahw-cdksfa ehrtksfr.

Vsf dhaf slws ghr alrnf mkleftfrs”]h cut l alrnf dhaf fls-

kay ko eltfrklas up th << ⁍ :-ko. tdkci, usf l dhaf slw. Dhaf slws lrfprfssfm stffa cups wktd slwtfftd cut koth tdf rke. ]dfy lrf lvlka-

ljaf ko eloy skzfs, stlrtkon lt 3 ⁍ = ko. mkl. lom kocrflskon ko selaa

kocrfefots th hvfr 6 ko., lom tdfy ehuot ho lo kotfrcdlonfljaflrjhr wktd l cfotfrkon mrkaa jkt. ]df lssfejay cducis koth tdf mrkaa

prfss. Vsf sahwfr spffms ghr tdfsf thhas.

 ]df trkci ghr paun cuttfrs”Paun cuttfrs whri nrflt ghr cuttkon

fmnf-nrlko pauns tdlt chvfr scrfw dhafs. ]dfrf lrf jlskclaay twhtypfs2 Hof cuts l tlpfrfm paun lom tdf htdfr cuts l strlkndt paun.

]df jfst wly th cut pauns ks th usf sthci tdlt ks tdkcifr tdlo tdf

paun afontd, cut th tdf mfptd hg tdf paun cuttfr, lom tdfo elif lrfslwkon cut ho tdf jlomslw th grff tdf pauns.

Mrkaa prfssfs lrf nrflt ghr slomkon Slomkon mrues whri wfaa ghr fmnf-slomkon, fspfcklaay wdfo tdf

pkfcf dls lo krrfnualr hr curvfm fmnf. Ghr l sehhtd, glkr curvf, usf

ls alrnf l mrue ls phsskjaf, lom iffp tdf prfssurf akndt lom tdf

pkfcf ehvkon stflmkay. Mrues lrf lvlkaljaf ko lt aflst l chupaf hg vlrkltkhos, hof tdlt tlifs cyakomrkcla slomkon saffvfs lom lohtdfr

tdlt lccfpts galt slomplpfr. ▬

Zhalom Bhdosho ks l whhmwhrifr lom thha fotdusklst ko Slui Zlpkms, Ekoo.,

lom l chotrkjutkon fmkthr th Gkof ^hhmwhrikon .

Lo fssfotkla sft hg jkts

Ghr ehst mrkaakon tlsis ko whhm, usf jrlm-phkot

jkts. ]dfy dlvf l cfotfr spur ghr lccurltf

ahcltkho, hutfr spurs ghr cafloay cuttkon tdf

whhm gkjfrs lt tdf rke hg tdf dhaf, lom dfakcla

gautfs tdlt qukciay fvlcultf wlstf, laahwkon

mffp dhafs wktdhut chostlotay jlcikon hut

tdf jkt th caflr wlstf. ]dfy lash cut l

rfaltkvfay galt jhtthe.^ktd tdfkr strlkndt aflmkon fmnfs lom iokgf-

fmnf hr thhtdfm cuttkon rke, Ghrstofr jkts cut

fvfo caflofr dhafs, wktd galttfr jhtthes, tdlo

jrlm-phkot jkts. Jfclusf tdfy rfnkstfr hgg tdfkr

rke, tdfsf uokquf jkts clo fotfr lonafm sur-

glcfs lom turofm whri cafloay lom lccurltfay.

]df hoay mrlwjlci ks tdlt tdfy eust jf rlksfm

grfqufotay th caflr cdkps.

]wkst jkts lrf kofxpfoskvf whridhrsfs

tdlt whri wfaa ghr jhrkon fom-nrlko dhafs lom,

wdfo sdlrp, cut caflo fohund ghr eloy whhm-

whrikon offms. ]dfy wkaa iffp l sdlrp fmnf

wdfo mrkaakon dlrmwhhm, chephsktf eltfrkla,

palstkc, lom shgt hr gfrrhus eftlas. Hof nrflt

gflturf hg l twkst jkt ks tdlt kt ks rfaltkvfay

flsy th sdlrpfo ho l jfocd nrkomfr.

Strlkndt dhafs lrfo‛t kmflaay suktfm

th trlmktkhola whhm scrfws. Ghr jfttfr dhamkon

phwfr, tlpfrfm twkst jkts lash mrkaa tdf chuo-

tfrskoi lom fvfo clo mrkaa l chuotfrjhrf ghr

paunnkon.

Ghr chuotfrskoikon lahof, l ^famho-styaf

chuotfrskoi nkvfs tdf caflofst rfsuats.

Mrkaa grhe jhtd skmfs. ^ktd tdf whripkfcf sfcurfm slgfay, mrkaa pl

tdrhund tdf gkrst skmf (<) sh tdlt tdf cfotfr jkt phps tdrhund tdf j

]dfo gakp tdf sthci lom gkom tdf cfotfr (:). Gkolaay, gkoksd tdf cut lo

ehvf tdf paun (3). Jfclusf kt ks hoay dlag-jurkfm ko tdf slw, tdf pau

jf iohcifm grff eucd ehrf flskay.

3:<

GHZS]OFZ

]LPFZFM

]^KS]

MZKAA ALZNF, CAFLO DHAFS ^K]D L DHAF SL

JZLM-PHK

CHVO]FZS

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Hutgffm tljaf Gfocf

Jlsf

Hutgffm tljaf

lmbustefot wdffa

Jalmf

Mfptd

nlunf

Hutgffm tljaf

ahci dlomaf

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

 BhkotfrVsf tdks sdhp elkostl

th elif strlkndt, gal

jhlrms, paus tlpfrs lo

rhuomhvfrs, thJ [ B . S P F F ] B F O

]h rfmucf tflrhut, hrkfot tdf

fmnf nrlko sh tdlt kt lonafs

mhwo thwlrm tdf kogffm fom

hg tdf bhkotfr.

 Lakno tdf hutgffm tljaf wk td

tdf lpfx hg tdf cut. ]hh ahw

lom yhu‛aa nft sokpf, l mfprfsskho

crfltfm wdfo tdf iokvfs mkn thh

mffpay koth tdf whhm. ]hh dknd

lom tdf whri wkaa juep tdf tljaf

lom yhur dloms chuam sakp.

Grfsday ekaafm sfctkho

Cuttfrdflm

Dhw l bhkotfr whris

]df dfkndt mkggfrfocf jftwffo

tdf kogffm lom hutgffm tljafs

mftfrekofs tdf mfptd hg cut. L

cut hg afss tdlo < ⁍ <7 ko. rfehvfs

ehst slwelris. Dflvkfr cuts lrf

ehrf prhof th tflrhut lom, ko tdf

fxtrfef, ikcijlci.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N=: Pdhths2 Stfvf Schtt9 mrlwkons2 Stfpdfo D

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htdfr afontdy sftups th tlpfr gurokturf afns,

gkt mhhrs, lom cut ahon cdlegfrs, jfvfas,

lom rhuomhvfrs. Dfrf‛s dhw th nft tdf ehst

grhe tdks pkvhtla elcdkof.

 ]df guomlefotlas hg caflo, slgf cuts]dfrf lrf shef jlskc nukmfakofs ghr hp-

frltkon tdf bhkotfr slgfay lom ghr nfttkon

dknd-qulakty rfsuats.

Ghr slgfty, iffp tdf nulrm ko palcf lom

usf l pusd plm lom l pusd stkci wdfo-

fvfr phsskjaf th iffp yhur gkonfrs lwly

grhe tdf cuttfrdflm. K usf l pusd plm lom

l pusd stkci ghr laa glcf-bhkotkon hpfrl-

tkhos lom l pusd stkci ghr laa fmnf cuts ho

jhlrms afss tdlo 3 ko. wkmf. ]df ekokeue

slgf afontd tdlt clo jf cut ho ehst bhkotfrs

ks <: ko. Vsf l rhaafr stlom hr htdfr supphrt

ghr ahon hr dflvy jhlrms.

Ghr ehst eltfrkla, hrkfot tdf sthci sh tdlt

tdf nrlko lonafs mhwo thwlrm tdf kogffm

skmf hg tdf cuttfrdflm. Ghr whhms wktd

kotfralcfm hr curay nrlko, elif akndt tfst

cuts th mftfrekof tdf jfst gffm mkrfctkho.Chocfotrltf ho lppaykon akndt mhwowlrm

prfssurf th tdf surglcf hg tdf jhlrm ls yhu

gffm kt hvfr tdf cuttfrdflm lt l ehmfrltf,

choskstfot plcf. Lppay hoay fohund prfs-

surf th prfvfot tdf jhlrm grhe jhu

ho tdf cuttfr. Kg yhu mfgafct tdf jhw

murkon tdf cut, kt wkaa rfelko lgtfrw

Gffmkon sthci koth tdf cuttfrdfl

qukciay wkaa clusf tflrhut hr l wlv

glcf. Jut kg yhu nh thh sahway, yh

muaakon tdf jalmfs hr jurokon tdf

Sthppkon ko tdf ekmmaf hg l cut wka

l juroksdfm mkepaf hr l juro elri

 Bhkotkon cuppfm, jhwfm, hr twkstfm Lgtfr rhund-cuttkon sthci sakndtay hv

tdf ofxt stfp ko crfltkon mkefoskhof

jfr ks glcf-bhkotkon. ]df nhla ks l ga

glcf tdlt wkaa rkmf ho tdf palofr jfm

 yhu usf tdlt elcdkof th jrkon tdf

th tdf mfskrfm tdkciofss. Ghr ehst j

elif yhur gkrst bhkotfr plss wktd td

hr cup glckon mhwo.

]h glcf-bhkot jhlrms sdhrtfr tdlo = gt

oflr tdf cuttfrdflm lom usf yhur afgt d

lppay akndt mhwowlrm prfssurf wktd

plm oflr tdf aflmkon fom hg tdf sthci

l pusd stkci hvfr tdf trlkakon fmnf clo rflcd kt cheghrtljay. Kg oht, stlrt

jy gffmkon tdf jhlrm wktd yhur rknd

lom tdfo swktcd th

stkci jfghrf yhu

]df gkrst stfp ko loy whhmwhrikon

prhbfct ks th jfnko wktd strlkndt, galt

sthci. Kt ks tdf ghuomltkho hg qulakty

 whri. ]dlt‛s wdy tdf bhkotfr”l elcdkof

mfsknofm th strlkndtfo lom galttfo rhund

jhlrms”ks cfotrla th fvfrytdkon K mh ls l

 whhmwhrifr.

 L bhkotfr chosksts hg l dhrkzhotla cuttfr-

dflm ehuotfm jftwffo twh mflm-galt,

clst-krho tljafs tdlt skt fom th fom. L jhlrm

pusdfm afontdwksf lcrhss tdf elcdkof

plssfs hvfr tdf cuttfrdflm ls kt ehvfs grhe

hof tljaf th tdf htdfr. ]df hutgffm tljaf

ks sft th eltcd tdf dfkndt hg tdf iokvfs,

 wktd tdf kogffm skmf sakndtay ahwfr. ]dks

dfkndt mkggfrfocf mftfrekofs tdf mfptd hg

cut. ]df elcdkof qukciay crfltfs l galt glcf

ho l rhund jhlrm hr l strlkndt fmnf tdlt ks

squlrf th tdlt galt glcf, jhtd cruckla stfps

ko ekaakon sthci th

jf galt, strlkndt,

lom squlrf.

Jut tdf bhkotfr

dlomafs ehrf tdlotdfsf chrf hpfrltkhos.

Kt hggfrs l chovfokfot

latfroltkvf th htdfr thhas tdlt

offm spfckla tfepaltfs, bkns, hr

Kogffm tljaf

lmbustefot

wdffa

IFFP L S]LJAF S]LOCF

 LOM PZH]FC] [HVZ DLOMS

Mkstrkjutf yhur wfkndt fvfoay lom try th rfelko ko hof spht uoafss yhu‛rf

whrikon wktd lo fspfcklaay ahon jhlrm. Iffp l pusd stkci lom l pusd plm

oflr tdf bhkotfr lom usf tdfe hgtfo, fspfcklaay wdfo whrikon wktd

selaa sthci tdlt wkaa put yhur dloms oflr tdf cuttfrdflm.

L pusd plm dfaps fxfrt

mhwowlrm prfssurf ls

tdf jhlrm rkmfs lcrhss

tdf cuttfrdflm.

L pusd stkci wktd

l caflt dfaps jrkon

tdf rflr hg tdf

jhlrm ghrwlrm.

Kogffm

tljaf

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dlom nfts oflr tdf cuttfr. Iffp tdf pusd plm

ko yhur afgt dlom phsktkhofm hvfr tdf gkrst gfw

kocdfs hg tdf hutgffm tljaf.

Ghr ahonfr jhlrms, K stlom lt tdf trlkakon

fom th stlrt. K gffm tdf cut wktd ey rkndt

dlom, swktcdkon th tdf pusd stkci ls tdf cut

prhnrfssfs. K iffp tdf pusd plm ko ey afgt

dlom ls glr ghrwlrm ls K clo rflcd cheghrt-

ljay, fxfrtkon akndt mhwowlrm prfssurf.

Ghr pkfcfs tdlt lrf jhwfm lom cuppfm

ho hpphsktf glcfs, elif tdf gkrst plss wktd

tdf jhwfm glcf mhwo. Vsf tdf pusd plm

th chotrha rhcikon, rfehvkon tdf ehst

eltfrkla grhe tdf ekmmaf hg tdf jhlrm‛s

 wkmtd.

Bhkotfr jlskcs2 galttfokon tdf glcf lom squlrkon lo fmnf

CVP

Cup rfgfrs th tdf curvf lcrhss

tdf wkmtd hg l jhlrm lom ks

ehst prhohuocfm ko galtslwo

auejfr. [hu clo ekokekzf

wlstf ko bhkotkon jy rkppkon

rhund sthci jfghrfdlom koth

tdf olrrhwfr wkmtds yhu‛aa usfko yhur prhbfct.

JH^

Jhw ks tdf curvlturf hg l

jhlrm‛s glcf lahon kts afontd.

[hu clo rfmucf jhw ko l pkfcf

hg ahon sthci”lom ekokekzf

tdf wlstf ko bhkotkon”jy crhss-

cuttkon kt koth sdhrtfr afontds.

Galttfo l cuppfm jhlrm. Ekaa wktd tdf choclvf skmf glckon tdf

cuttfrdflm sh tdlt tdf jhlrm rfsts ho tdf twh ‑akps― hg tdf cup.

Mho‛t prfss mhwo dlrm ko tdf ekmmaf. Fxfrt bust fohund prfssurf

th iffp tdf sthci grhe cdlttfrkon ls kt crhssfs tdf cuttfrdflm.

]df gkrst plss sdhws rfsuats. ]df

tdlt chotlctfm tdf cuttfrdflm lrf g

 Sujsfqufot plssfs wkaa wkmfo tdks l

uotka tdf fotkrf jhlrm dls jffo surg

Jhw, akif cup, sdhuam glcf tdf cuttfrdflm. ]h chrrfct l jhwfm

jhlrm, lppay akndt prfssurf lt tdf aflmkon lom trlkakon foms hg

tdf jhlrm. Mh oht prfss mhwo ko tdf jhwfm ekmmaf.

]df cuttfrdflm bhkots tdf foms h

jhlrm gkrst. Ho sujsfqufot plssfs

cuttfr wkaa tlif ehrf hg tdf sthci.

Ekohr twksts lrf oht mkggkcuat th mfla wktd,

jut alrnf twksts”kg keprhpfray kmfotkgkfm

lom elolnfm”clo prfvfot yhu grhe nft-

tkon tdf elxkeue tdkciofss hut hg l pkfcf.

Palcf tdf jhlrm ho l caflo, galt surglcf.

 ^ktd tdrff chrofrs thucdkon tdf tljaf,

nlunf tdf dfkndt hg tdf fafvltfm chrofr.

Ghr twkst hg < ⁍ 4 ko. hr afss, usf tdf pusd

plm th rhci tdf jhlrm sh tdlt twh mklnh-

ola chrofrs lrf thucdkon tdf kogffm tljaf

lom tdf htdfr twh chrofrs lrf fafvltfm

fqulaay. Palcf tdf pusd stkci lt tdf rflr

chrofr tdlt ks thucdkon tdf tljaf th lvhkm

mfgafctkon tdf rlksfm chrofrs. Zflssfss tdf

twkst lgtfr tdf gkrst plss.

Ghr jhlrms wktd alrnfr twkst, palcf

hg selaa vfoffr sdkes, ljhut 3 ⁍ = 

< ko., uomfr tdf dknd chrofr lt tdf j

trlkakon fmnf sh tdlt tdf twh dknd c

lrf fafvltfm fqulaay. Bhkot ls kg yh

l ekohr twkst. Elif surf tdlt yhu

mfgafct tdf rlksfm chrofr ho tdf af

fmnf. Hof plss sdhuam rfmucf tdf

fohund tdlt sdkes lrf oht offmfm g

rfelkokon plssfs.

Strlkndtfokon crhhifm jhlrms Lgtfr yhu‛vf bhkotfm hof glcf gal

usfm tdf palofr th elif tdf hpphsk

plrlaafa, tdf ofxt ekaakon stfp ks t

]df bhkotfr palys twh cruckla rhafs ko squlrkon sthci. Lg tfr yhu cut sthci th rhund mkefoskhos,

usf tdf bhkotfr th galttfo hof glcf prkhr th tdkciofss palokon. Lgtfrwlrm, usf tdf bhkotfr lnlko

th strlkndtfo hof fmnf jfghrf rkppkon tdf jhlrm th gkola wkmtd.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N==

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 ]^KS] 

]wkst hccurs wdfrf tdf twh

ahon fmnfs hg l jhlrm lrf

jhwfm th vlrykon mfnrffs

lom sh lrf oht plrlaafa. ]h

elxkekzf ykfam wdfo bhkotkon

twkstfm sthci, iffp tdf jhlrm

ls afvfa ls phsskjaf ls kt rkmfs

kts twh ahw chrofrs.

 L akttaf sdkeekon clo dfap. Ekaa alrnf lehuots hg twkst

hut hg l jhlrm jy sdkeekon tdf dknd chrofr ko jlci th

ljhut tdf slef dfkndt ls tdf hpphsktf dknd chrofr.

]df gkrst p

 ykfams twh

 stlrtkon p

]df ahw ch

thucdkon t

tljaf lrf s

glcfm gkrst

 sujsfqufo

 plssfs, lp

 prfssurf h

tdfsf chro

iffp tdf j

afvfa lom s

Fmnf-bhkot wktd tdf jhwfm hr crhhifm skmf mhwo. Vsf l pusd stkci lt tdf jlci fmnf gh

 sthci afss tdlo 3 ko. wkmf, lahon wktd l pusd plm ko grhot ghr loytdkon olr rhwfr tdlo <<  ⁍  : ko

CZHHI 

Fmnf-bhkotkon strlkndtfos l jhlrm‛s fmnf

jy rfehvkon crhhi, l choclvf curvf lahon

lo fmnf. ]df prhcfss lash elifs tdf fmnf

squlrf th hof glcf. [hu clo bhkot lo

fmnf jfghrf rhund-cuttkon sthci th crfltf

l rfgfrfocf surglcf ghr tdf slw‛s rkp gfocf.

lo fmnf th elif kt squlrf wktd tdf twh

glcfs. Ehst hg tdf tkef, K bhkot tdf crhhifm

hr choclvf fmnf.

Ghr slgfty, K fmnf-bhkot sthci tdlt‛s jf-

twffo << ⁍ : ko. lom 3 ko. wkmf uskon tdf tkp

hg ey tduej lom tdf skmf hg tdf komfx

gkonfr hg ey afgt dlom th nukmf tdf jhlrmlom iffp kt lnlkost tdf gfocf. K gffm tdf

sthci wktd l pusd stkci ko ey rkndt dlom

(sff pdhth, rkndt).

Ghr wkmfr jhlrms, K gffm lom nukmf tdf

cut grffdlom, jut K elif surf th dhhi l

gfw gkonfrs hr l tduej hvfr tdf thp hg

tdf bhkotfr‛s gfocf th prfvfot ey dloms

grhe sakppkon thwlrm tdf cuttfr. Ghr pkfcfs

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olrrhwfr tdlo << ⁍ : ko., K usf jhtd l pusd

plm lom l pusd stkci.

]df ehst fggkckfot wly th strlkndtfo l jlm-

ay crhhifm jhlrm ks wktd l sfrkfs hg cuts tdlt

stlrt lt tdf fom lom nh th tdf phkot wdfrf

tdf fmnf hg tdf jhlrm caflrs tdf cuttfr9 tdfo

rfvfrsf tdf jhlrm lom bhkot grhe tdf htdfr

fom. Mh tdks uotka ehst hg tdf crhhi ks rf-

ehvfm. Gkoksd up wktd lt aflst hof plss tdlt

ruos tdf afontd hg tdf jhlrm.

 Lgtfr hof fmnf dls jffo bhkotfm, yhu clo

strlkndtfo tdf sfchom fmnf wktd l rkppkon

cut ho tdf tljafslw.

Elif tlpfrfm cuts th sdlpf hr gkt plrts Lehon htdfr tdkons, tlpfrfm cuts clo jf

usfm th strlkndtfo chovfx surglcfs, gkt mhhrs

lom mrlwfr glcfs th tdfkr hpfokons, hr ekaa

l tlpfrfm afn. Elif l tlpfrfm cut jy ahw-

frkon tdf whri hoth tdf cuttfrs wdkaf tdf

elcdkof ks ruookon. Clrfguaay puaa tdf jalmf

nulrm jlci wktd yhur afgt dlom hr pusd kt

lskmf wktd tdf fom hg tdf jhlrm. Palcf tdf

jhlrm‛s aflmkon fom ljhut < ⁍ : ko. hvfr tdf

oflr fmnf hg tdf hutgffm tljaf lom gffm tdf

cut ls ohrela. ]df lehuot hg tdf tlpfr ks

fqula th tdf mfptd hg tdf cut. Mfptd sfttkons

hg < ⁍ <7 ko. hr afss rfmucf tdf rksi hg tflrhut.

Euatkpaf cuts elif alrnfr tlpfrs.

]df typf hg tlpfr lom tdf prhphrtkhos hg

tdf pkfcf th jf tlpfrfm wkaa mftfrekof tdf

jfst wly th ahwfr tdf whri hoth tdf cuttfr.

]h ekaa l tlpfr ho tdf glcf hg l jhlrm, ho

tdf fmnf hg l ahon, olrrhw jhlrm, hr ho l

jhlrm tdlt wkaa rfcfkvf hoay l plrtkla tlpfr,

palcf tdf aflmkon fom hoth tdf hutgffm

tljaf. Ahwfr tdf oflr fom hg tdf jhlrm

hoth tdf kogffm tljaf.

]h tlpfr tdf fmnf hg wkmf jhlrms hr

cljkoft mhhrs, sft tdf trlkakon fmnf ho tdf

kogffm tljaf lom ahwfr tdf aflmkon

clrfguaay hoth tdf hutgffm tljaf. Oh

fvfo l prhpfray lmbustfm bhkotfr wka

l selaa mkvht wdfrf tdf whri wls ah

hoth tdf cuttfr. Kg tdf mkvht ks skno

caflo kt up wktd l akndt plss hvfr tdf

afontd lgtfrwlrm.

 [hu lash clo usf tlpfrfm cu

strlkndtfo tdf jlci skmf hg l jhlr

ks jhwfm hr th strlkndtfo tdf chovf

hg l crhhifm jhlrm. Zhci tdf jhlrm

 wlrm wktd tdf pusd stkci, fafvltko

grhot fmnf ljhvf tdf cuttfr lom ho

hutgffm tljaf. Flsf up ho tdf mhw

prfssurf ho tdf pusd stkci lom ahw

jhlrm hoth tdf cuttfr. Gffm tdf rfst

cut ls ohrela.

 B. Spfftbfos elifs gurokturf lom cljkoftr

Nrffosjhrh, O.C.

Jfyhom tdf jlskcs2 wkmf jhlrms, tlpfrs, lom prhgkafs

Bhkotfr

gfocf

Sdhp-jukat

jalmf nulrm

Calep

]df tlsi ks

dlag gkoksdfm. Lo

koktkla plss surglc- 

fs hof skmf hg tdf

jhlrm, jut aflvfs

tdf htdfr rhund. Kg

tdf rhund strkp ks

olrrhw, caflo kt up

wktd l dlompalof. Bhkot tdf htdfr skmf. ]df gkoksdfm surglcf

ely stkaa jf shefwdlt uofvfo lom rfqukrf

caflokon up wktd l dlompalof jfghrf kt ks

rflmy ghr tdf tdkciofss palofr.

<

:

GAL]]FOKON ^KMF JHLZMS

Glcf-bhkotkon jhlrms wkmfr tdlo yhur cuttfrdflm

rfqukrfs rfehvla hg tdf jalmf nulrm. Crfltf l ofw

jalmf nulrm jfghrf lttfeptkon tdks.

^

jh

Hu

tlj

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N=7

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Hoay l gfw plssfs lrf offmfm

th crfltf tdks juaaohsf. Lmbusttdf gfocf jlci lom ghrtd ls offm- 

fm th cut tdf vlrkhus lonafs tdlt

lrf rfqukrfm. ]df euatkglcftfm

 surglcf clo tdfo jf dlompalofm,

 scrlpfm, hr slomfm sehhtd.

]kat tdf gfocf

jlci th jfvfa

olrrhw sthci. ]dks

laahws caflr lccfss

wktd pusd stkcis

lom pusd plms.

]lif clrf”vfry

olrrhw jhlrms tfom

th sakp lwly grhe

tdf gfocf.

]kat ghrwlrm th

jfvfa wkmfr

jhlrms. Ko tdks

wly, tdf sthci ks

afss akifay th jf

afvfrfm lwly grhe

tdf cuttfrdflm ls

 yhu elif tdf plss.

JFWFAKON

OLZZH^ S]HCI

CVS]HE PZHGKAFS

]kat tdf gfocf th flskay cdlegfr tdf fmnfs hg l jhlrm lahon

kts afontd hr th ekaa jfvfas up th =6°. Chejkof jfvfas th

cut skepaf prhgkafs.

]lpfrkon l afn. Jfnko tdf tlpfr jy rfstkon tdf whripkfcf ho tdfhutgffm tljaf lom ahwfrkon kt hoth tdf cuttfrdflm.

]lif sfvfrla plssfs. Jfnko flcd plss ko tdf slef wly. Shho fohund, ttlpfr jfchefs prhohuocfm.

 ]LPFZKON L AFN

Ghr l plrtkla tlpfr, palcf tdf aflmkon fom ho tdf

hutgffm tljaf lom nfotay ahwfr tdf pkfcf hoth tdf

kogffm skmf jfghrf plsskon tdf whri hvfr tdf cuttfr.

JFWFAKON

^KMF JHLZMS

JVAAOHSF

PZHGKAF

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K‛vf jffo iohwo th spfom dhurs

kon hvfr dlom-cut mhvftlkas.

grft hvfr tdf alyhut, mrlwkon dl

lt flcd fom hg tdf rhw lom cr

lo lttrlctkvf alyhut jftwffo. Hocf K

ksgkfm, K ehvf ho th slwkon lom plrk

pkos, alykon hut tdf tlkas ls prfcksf

clo, tdfo ehrf slwkon lom plrkon th

up ho l nhhm gkt.K fobhy tdf cdlaafonfs lom tdf sl

tkho hg cuttkon mhvftlkas jy dlom. Sh

K mfckmfm th aflro dhw th cut mhv

 wktd l bkn tdlt nukmfs l rhutfr, K

 wktd l mfgkoktf jkls lnlkost loy sd

Jy tdf tkef K‛m gkoksdfm ey gkrst mrl

chuam lpprfckltf tdf lmvlotlnfs tdlt

tlka bkns hggfr.

 L bkn‛s nrfltfst lssfts lrf spffm lo

hg cuttkon. Lgtfr yhu nh tdrhund l

koktkla sftup, kt tlifs vfry akttaf tkef

l aht hg pfrgfctay gkt mhvftlkas, ehr

chepfosltkon ghr tdf sftup tkef. L cmrlwfrs, l ruo hg jhx plrts, hr mrlw

lo fotkrf iktcdfo lrf kmfla lppakcltkh

hof hg tdfsf bkns. Hocf yhu mkla fvfr

ko, yhu chuam flskay cut laa tdf bhko

offm ko l chupaf hg dhurs.

]dfrf‛s l aflrokon curvf wktd mh

bkns, lom fvfry bkn sffes th dlvf kt

sft hg qukris. Jut ko ey fxpfrkfocf,

gua trkp tdrhund tdf kostructkho elou

l elolnfljaf pfrkhm hg trkla lom fr

laa kt tlifs th succfssguaay cut tkndt-

lttrlctkvf bhkots.

Kg yhu‛rf l jfnkookon whhmwhridlvfo‛t elstfrfm tdf dlom-cut mhvftl

clo laahw yhu th usf lo fxtrfefay

lttrlctkvf bhkot tdlt yhu ekndt htd

dlvf th aflvf hut hg yhur rfpfrthkrf.

Dhw tdfy whriMhvftlka bkns usf hof hr ehrf tfe

tdlt rfsfejaf tdf sprflm-hut gkonfr

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N=4

Mhvftlka BknsDhw th crfltf l chepafx bhkot tdf flsy wly 

J [ L O K S S L I L P S L A F S

Pdhths2 Ml

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

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dlom9 nukmkon l rhutfr koth tdf splcfs jf-

twffo tdf gkonfrs crfltfs pkos hr tlkas, mf-

pfomkon ho dhw tdf whripkfcf ks calepfm

koth tdf bkn. ]dfrf lrf sfplrltf tfepaltfs

ghr dlag-jakom mhvftlkas lom tdrhund-

mhvftlkas. Ghr dlag-jakoms, jhtd jhlrms lrf

cut lt tdf slef tkef9 ghr tdrhund-mhvftlkas,

tdf tlkas lrf cut gkrst. Shef bkns lrf mf-

sknofm th cut hoay dlag-jakoms, jut K tdkoi

kt elifs sfosf th kovfst ko hof tdlt lashclo cut tdrhund-mhvftlkas.

]df Phrtfr-Cljaf =:<: bkn sdhwo dfrf

(strfft prkcf, $<60), flrofm tdf Jfst Wlauf

mkstkoctkho ko l rfcfot Gkof ^hhmwhrikon 

rfvkfw. Hof hg tdf flskfst bkns th usf, tdf

Phrtfr-Cljaf dls glst-lctkon cle caleps

th dham tdf jhlrms, lom kt dls sftup akofs

lom kostructkhos ftcdfm koth tdf rhutfr

 Lakno tdf tfepaltf. ]df selaa jrlss iohj afts yhu lakno tdf tfepaltf

 prfcksfay hvfr tdf pko jhlrm. ]df jkn iohj ahcis mhwo tdf tfepaltf.

Cfotfrkon pko

 pko jhlrm rfnk

lnlkost lo lmb

 sthp lt tdf afg

hg tdf bkn. Hocf

cfotfr tdf jhl

uomfr tdf tfe

gkonfrs, yhu cl

 sakmf tdf sthp

 palcf.

Ahci up. Cles ho lo lmbustljaf ahcikon jlr sfcurf tdf whripkfcf ghr tdf

mhvftlka pkos. L pkfcf hg scrlp tdf slef tdkciofss ls tdf whripkfcf wkaa iffp

tdf bkn‛s tfepaltf ko akof.

 Laknokon tlkas. ]

 slef sthp tdlt r

tfrs tdf pko jhlr

rfnkstfrs tdf tlka

Dlag-jakom mhvftlkas

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tfepaltfs. Kt lash dls l usfgua nlu

dfap yhu sft tdf rhutfr-jkt dfkndt.

Swflt tdf mftlkas ghr l jfttfr hutSkepay uskon l bkn mhfso‛t fosurf l

elmf bhkot tdf gkrst tkef. ]df whhm

th jf phsktkhofm prhpfray uomfr tdf

hg tdf bkn, tdf tfepaltf akofm up f

lcrhss tdf thp hg tdf whhm, lom tdf r

jkt mfptd lmbustfm prfcksfay.

]dfrf lrf l gfw tdkons yhu sdhu

lttfotkho th tdlt wkaa fosurf succfs

l bkn. Bust ls yhu mh wdfo dlom-c

mhvftlkas, yhu sdhuam elri tdf jhlr

iffp trlci hg tdfkr hrkfotltkho th t

Ohtf wdftdfr tdf hutskmf hr tdf kos

tdf jhlrm nhfs lnlkost tdf bkn, lom

elri tdf jhlrms sh yhu mho‛t nft

ekxfm up. Htdfrwksf, yhu ely wfa

up wktd l jhlrm cut sh tdlt tdf glc

 wlotfm hutskmf ks ohw ho tdf koskm

fxtrl sthci th usf ghr tdf tfst cuts td

l ofcfsslry plrt hg tdf sftup.

Sfttkon tdf mfptd hg tdf jkt clo ehst tkef-chosuekon lom crktkcla p

uskon l mhvftlka bkn. ^ktd eloy bkn

Phrtfr-Cljaf ks lo fxcfptkho), yhu‛

th rfshrt th trkla lom frrhr.

Kg yhu‛rf cuttkon tdrhund-mhvftlka

tlka jhlrm koth tdf dhrkzhotla phsktkho

bkn, sft tdf rhutfr ho thp, lom lmbust

th tdf mfptd hg tdf whhm paus l dlkr

]dlt wkaa aflvf tdf pkos sakndtay prhu

tdfe gausd wktd l jahci palof.

Sfttkon tdf jkt ghr dlag-jakoms ely k

ehrf trkla lom frrhr. Calep tdf pko

ko tdf bkn dhrkzhotlaay, tdf tlka jhlrmclaay, lom sft tdf rhutfr jkt ghr tdf

hg tdf dlag-jakom”hr wdlt yhu tdk

mfptd sdhuam jf. K ghuom tdlt fvf

tdf Phrtfr-Cljaf‛s jkt-mfptd nukmf, k

sfvfrla tfst cuts th nft tdf mfptd bus

ghr l nhhm, soun gkt.

Fxpfct tdf bhkot th ahhi elcdkof-Oh bkn clo prhmucf tdf sakndtay krrf

supfr-tdko mhvftlkas tdlt lrf tdf dl

hg dlom-cut bhkofry. Dhwfvfr, elcd

mhvftlkas lrf stkaa lttrlctkvf jfclus

lrf oflt lom hrmfray, lom tdfy gkt

Shef bkns aft yhu lmbust tdf splc

pkos lom tlkas, up th l phkot. Jut e

uokghre lom gkxfm, lom ohof laahws

paftfay custhekzfm alyhut.

 Bkns lash akekt tdf wkmtd lom tdkcio

jhlrms yhu clo usf. Nfofrlaay, l m

bhkot sdhuam dlvf l dlag-pko ho flc

Jfclusf hg tdf bkn‛s splckon akektl

Dlag-jakom jkt mfptd. Lo

lmbustljaf sthp afts yhu sft jkt dfkndt prfcksfay ghr

cuttkon dlag-jakom mhvf- 

tlkas. Aljfas ho tdf bkn

 prhvkmf usfgua rfekomfrs

ghr lmbustefots tdlt ykfam

l tkndt-gkttkon bhkot.

 L bhkot ko hof qukci plss. L tfepaltf cuts jhtd dlavfs hg l dlag-jakom mhvftlka bhkot lt hocf.

 L nukmf jusdkon ho tdf rhutfr jlsf elifs kt flsy th ehvf tdf jkt ko lom hut hg tdf gkonfrs.

Zlksf hr ahwfr tdf jkt. Fvfo wktd clrfgua sftup,

 bhkots clo jf thh ahhsf (thp afgt) hr thh tkndt (afgt).

]df shautkho ks th twfli tdf jkt dfkndt (ljhvf)” 

ahwfr th elif tdf bhkot t kndtfr, dkndfr kg pkos lom

tlkas lrf thh tkndt.

LMBVS]KON ]DF GK] HG DLAG-JAKOM MHWF]LKAS

Dlag-jakom mhvftlkas (chotkoufm)

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N60

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 yhu clo jfnko lom fom wktd dlag-pkos hoay

ho jhlrms hg spfckgkc wkmtds. Ghr fxlepaf,

tdf Phrtfr-Cljaf bkn K usfm whrifm jfst

 wktd jhlrms tdlt eflsurfm 3< ⁍ = ko., =< ⁍ = ko.,

6< ⁍ = ko., lom sh ho.

K lash aflrofm grhe fxpfrkfocf wdlt clo

dlppfo wdfo yhu usf sthci tdlt‛s thh tdko

ghr l plrtkcualr tfepaltf lom rhutfr jkt. ]df

dlag-jakom bhkot wls gkttkon thnftdfr rltdfr

 wfaa lom tdf alyhut wls okcfay syeeftrk-

cla, jut K dlm selaa crfscfot-sdlpfm nlps

ho tdf koskmf hg tdf bhkot. K dlm th cdfci

fvfrytdkon jfghrf K rflakzfm tdlt tdf nlps

 wfrf tdf rfsuat hg uskon sthci afss tdlo< ⁍ : ko. tdkci. Hocf K rfcut tdf bhkot uskon

tdkcifr sthci, fvfrytdkon whrifm. •

 Lokssl Ilpslafs ks lo lsskstlot fmkthr

lt Gkof hhmwhrikon .

Ehvf tdf

gfocf. Kg tdf

 bhkot mhfso‛

wfaa, tdf shau

tkho ks th usf

ahcikon iohj

th gkof-tuof

 phsktkho hg t

tfepaltf2 gh

wlrm th ahhs

tdf bhkot, jlc

tkndtfo kt.

LMBVS]KON ]DF GK] HG ]DZHVND-MHWF]LKAS

 ]drhund-mhvftlkas

Gkoksdfm tlkas. ]df mhvftlka jkt suppakfm wktd tdf bkn cuts tdf

tlkas. ]h prfvfot tflrhut, usf scrlp th jlci up tdf whripkfcf.

Jfnkookon tdf pkos. Hocf yhu‛vf

cut tlkas ghr laa tdf pkfcfs, yhu

offm th gakp tdf tfepaltf th nft

rflmy th cut pkos.

Gkoksdfm pkos. ]df strlkndt jkt suppakfm w

 bkn cuts tdf pkos. Dfrf, thh, scrlp jlcis up

th prfvfot tflrhut.

]df whhm nukmfs tdf mfp

whripkfcf tdkciofss mftfre

jkt mfptd. Sft tdf jkt l dlkr

tdf fmnf hg tdf jhlrm, aflvk

 pkos sakndtay prhum. ]dfy clo

trkeefm gausd altfr.

]drhund-mhvftlka tfepaltf. ]drhund-mhvftlkas rfqukrf l mhujaf-skmfm

tfepaltf lom twh rhutfr jkts. ]df strlkndt gkonfrs nukmf tdf rhutfr th cut tlkas9

tdf tlpfrfm gkonfrs nukmf tdf cut ghr pkos.

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 Lehrtksfr, lash claafm l dhaahw-cdksfa ehrtksfrhr ehrtkskon elcdkof, cuts ehrtksfs rfelriljay

qukciay lom lccurltfay. Komffm, tdks elcdkof clo

cut l typkcla ehrtksf ghr l tljaf lprho ko wfaa uomfr lekoutf. Jfocdthp ehmfas lrf ehst cheeho, latdhund

alrnfr, grffstlomkon elcdkofs lash lrf lvlkaljaf.

Ho tdf mhwoskmf, ehrtksfrs mfgkof tdf whrm gkokciy.Kg yhurs kso‛t sft up lom usfm chrrfctay, yhu‛aa whomfr

 wdy yhu jhundt hof.

Ghrtuoltfay, ehrtksfr-komucfm dflmlcdfs clo jf

trfltfm wktd rfaltkvf flsf. Skepay ghaahw tdf stfps hut-

akofm dfrf, lom yhu‛aa gkom tdlt qukci, caflo, lom lccu-

rltf ehrtksfs jfchef tdf ohre, oht tdf fxcfptkho.

 L sdlrp cdksfa lom jkt lrf l eust L ehrtksfr who‛t whri fggfctkvfay wdfo tdf jkt lom

cdksfa lrf muaa, sh iffp jhtd plrts sdlrpfofm (sffpdhths, glckon plnf). Oh offm ghr l aht hg thhas, bust

l cdlkoslw gkaf, l rhuom lom l galt sakp sthof, l akttaf

slomplpfr, lo ljrlskvf plm, lom shef dhokon hka. Mho‛t

fxpfct l jrlom-ofw jkt lom cdksfa th jf lmfqultfay

sdlrp. Laehst laa K‛vf sffo offmfm fxtrl lttfotkho hut

hg tdf jhx.

Dhof tdf hutskmf glcfs hg tdf cdksfa”K jfnko

sdlrpfokon jy dhokon tdf ghur hutskmf glcfs

hg tdf cdksfa. ]h fosurf tdlt K‛e dhokon l

galt surglcf, K usf sprly lmdfskvf thehuot P=00- lom P400-nrkt

IF[S ]H SVCCFSS

Ehrtksfrs rfqukrf fxtrl

lttfotkho, jut tdf plyhgg

elifs kt laa whrtdwdkaf.

Mho‛t knohrf loy hg

tdfsf stfps.

Skepaf tkps ghr sftup,

sdlrpfokon, lom cuttkon

elif tdf thha l bhy th usf

J [ Z H A L O M B H D O S H O

Jh

th

 Lmbust

gfocf.

 Lmbust

dham-mhwo.

Kostlaa cdksfa lom

jkt prhpfray.

Pdhths, fxcfpt wdfrf ohtfm2 ]he Jfnola9 tdks plnf (jhtthe afgt) lom glckon plnf (thp afgt)2 Ifaay

Sf sth

Sdlrpfo

cdksfa.

Sdlrpfo jkt.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N6:

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

Ehrtksfr

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N6:

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P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

slomplpfr th l nrloktf paltf. L pkfcf hg paltf nalss naufm

th 3 ⁍ =-ko.-tdkci dlrmwhhm paywhhm lash elifs l nhhm, galt

sdlrpfokon surglcf.]h rfmucf cahnnkon, K spfom tkef tuokon up tdf jhrf.

]df sehhtdfr tdf jhrf, tdf flskfr kt ks ghr cdkps th sakmf up

tdf lunfr jkt. K usf l cdlkoslw gkaf th rfehvf loy kotfrolajurrs hr elcdkokon nrhhvfs. L selaa, rhuom, tlpfrfm sakp

sthof whris wfaa ghr caflokon up tdf fbfctkho saht.Dhof tdf jfvfas” L rhuom sakp sthof ks laa tdlt‛s offmfm

th dhof tdf jfvfas. Iffp ko ekom tdlt oht laa ehrtksfr cdksfas

dlvf tdf slef jfvfa lonaf. Cakch, l Jrktksd elouglcturfr,

lom Lsklo lom Blplofsf shurcfm cdksfas usf l 70° jfvfalonaf, wdkaf Ghrfst Ckty, l V.S. elifr, usfs l =6° jfvfa.

 ^ktd tdf sdloi hg tdf cdksfa sfcurfm ko l vksf, palcf tdf

sakp sthof galt lnlkost l jfvfa lom whri kt jlci lom ghrtd

 wktd l akndt thucd. Jf surf th wft tdf sthof gkrst wktd l gfwmrhps hg dhokon hka. ]h lvhkm crfltkon l nrhhvf, iffp tdf

sthof ehvkon grhe skmf th skmf lahon tdf jfvfa lom mho‛t

stly ko hof spht ghr ehrf tdlo l gfw strhifs. ]ry th rfehvf

ljhut tdf slef lehuot hg eltfrkla grhe flcd jfvfa.

Kg yhu prfgfr l prhcfss tdlt‛s shefwdlt afss gussy, tdfrf

ks l spfckla chof-sdlpfm thha (lvlkaljaf grhe Zhciafr9 www.rhciafr.che) tdlt laahws yhu th sdlrpfo laa ghur 70°

jfvfas lt hocf. Kg tdf cdksfa dls l =6° jfvfa, tkat tdf chof

lom sdlrpfo hoay l phrtkho hg tdf jfvfa lt l tkef.Dhokon tdf jfvfas wkaa prhmucf l jurr lahon tdf hutskmf

fmnf hg tdf cdksfa. ]h rfehvf kt, dham l galt sakp sthof galt

lnlkost tdf hutskmf glcf hg tdf cdksfa lom mrln tdf sthof

akndtay thwlrm yhu.Sdlrpfo tdf jkt”Mfpfomkon ho tdf elouglcturfr, tdf

lunfr-styaf mrkaa jkts ghr ehrtksfr cdksfas lrf fktdfr l skonaf

spur/gautf jrlm phkot hr l mhujaf spur/gautf wktdhut l cfo-

tfrkon phkot. K gkom tdlt tdf skonaf spur/gautf wktd kts dkndfr-

dfakx gautf fvlcultfs cdkps glstfr tdlo tdf mhujaf-gautf jkts.

Jut loy typf yhu usf eust jf sdlrp lom jurr-grff.

Ko lo lunfr-styaf mrkaa jkt, laa tdf cuttkon nfts mhof ko bust

twh palcfs2 lt tdf spurs lom lt tdf gautfs. Sh tdlt‛s wdfrf

Dhof tdf jfvfas. L akttaf whri wktd l rhuom

 sthof (afgt) hr l spfckla, chof-sdlpfm, mkleho

chltfm ljrlskvf (rkndt) prhmucfs grfsd, sdlrp

tdlt fosurf l caflofr cut. Vsf l galt sakp stho

tdf hutfr glcfs th rfehvf tdf jurr tdlt rfsua

 Sdlrpfo tdf

Vsf l galt sakp

th dhof tdf jktwh palcfs2 td

lom tdf cuttko

Kg yhur jkt dls

cfotfr phkot (o

mh), dhof flcd

tdf tdrff glcf

tdf phkot, thh.

 Lmm shef auj

clot. ]h dfap r

grkctkho murkon

cuts, sprly jh

cdksfa lom jkt

mry aujrkclot l

 sdlrpfokon. Al

wdfo cuttkon e

tksfs, lo hccl

 squkrt hg aujrkc

ho tdf cdksfa l

wkaa gkndt grkctk

HZ

 Sehhtd tdf hutskmf surglcfs hg tdf cdksfa. 

 L cdksfa wktd rhund hutskmf glcfs clo‛t jf

 sdlrpfofm lom who‛t jf flsy th pauonf lom

rftrlct. Vsf gkof slomplpfr ho l galt surglcf th

 sehhtd laa ghur skmfs.

Cuttfrs offm sdlrpfokon Akif loy cuttkon

thha, l ehrtkskon

cdksfa lom jkt

eust jf sdlrp th

whri wfaa. L gfw

ekoutfs spfot

sdlrpfokon plys

eloy mkvkmfoms.

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 yhu offm th sdlrpfo.

jkt dls l jrlm phkot, K u

sdlrpfo tdf phkot, thh

elcdkokon prhcfss lt tthry sheftkefs aflvfs

hr jurrs lt tdf trlosktkh

jftwffo tdf spurs lomVsf l sakp sthof th se

loy yhu gkom. Lgtfr tdl

ksd tdf gautfs wktd l efnrkt ljrlskvf plm th cr

sakci rhutf ghr tdf cd

ghaahw.

Kostlaa tdf cdksfalom jkt chrrfctay ]df kostlaaltkho hg tdf jkt ko tdf ehrtksfr sdhu

ahw l prfcksf sfqufocf

mh kt prhpfray, tdf cdkfbfct flskay lom tdf dh

jf squlrf th tdf whrip

Mftfrekof tdf n

 ^dfo kostlaakon tdf lom jkt, kt‛s kephrtlot t

tdf prhpfr nlp jftwf

cdksfa jfvfas lom tdf fom hg tdf jkt. K vlry tdf nlp jlsfm skzf hg tdf cdksfa lom tdf eltfrkla. Shgtwhhm typkclaay prh

alrnf cdkps tdlt clo cahn tdf cdksfa qukciay. Alrnf ehrtksf

lom jkts lash elif alrnf cdkps, fvfo ko dlrmwhhm. K akif thl < ⁍ <7-ko. th 3 ⁍ 3:-ko. nlp wdfo uskon selaa (< ⁍ = ko. lom 6 ⁍ <7 ko

efmkue (3 ⁍ 4 ko.) jkts ko dlrmwhhm. L akttaf ehrf caflrlocf,3 ⁍ 3: ko. th < ⁍ 4 ko., ks lmfqultf ghr selaa lom efmkue jkts k

 whhm. Ghr alrnf jkts (< ⁍ : ko. lom alrnfr) ko dlrmwhhm lom shgt

l guaa < ⁍ 4-ko. nlp whris jfst. ]dfsf caflrlocfs lrfo‛t clrv

sthof, sh kg yhu gkom tdf nhkon thund hr yhur cdksfa paunnk

qufotay, try kocrflskon tdf nlp jftwffo tdf cdksfa lom jkt.Sft tdf nlp”Iohwkon tdf nlp tdlt‛s offmfm, yhu clo nh

lom kostlaa tdf jkt lom cdksfa. Jf lwlrf tdlt tdf phkots ho tdf

lrf vfry sdlrp, sh usf clrf. K usulaay wflr l afltdfr nahvf dlom supphrtkon tdf cdksfa lom jkt.

Gkrst, rkp l pkfcf hg scrlp sthci th tdf tdkciofss hg tdf kot

nlp th usf ls l splcfr. ]dfo palcf l sdhrt afontd hg jhlrm ehrtksfr tljaf th ghrfstlaa loy mlelnf th tdf phkots hg tdf

hr tdf cuttkon gautfs ho tdf jkt sdhuam fktdfr jf mrhppfm.

Kosfrt tdf jkt koth tdf cdksfa. ]dfo sakp tdf sdloi hg tkoth tdf jkt cduci lom tdf sdloi hg tdf cdksfa koth tdf eh

jusdkon. (Shef elcdkofs rfqukrf l saffvf skzfm th gkt tdf

sdloi.) Lt tdf slef tkef, palcf tdf splcfr jftwffo tdf sd

tdf cdksfa lom tdf jusdkon. ]dfo tkndtfo tdf cdksfa. Lgtfr latdf spur hg tdf jkt wktd tdf cdksfa phkots, tkndtfo tdf jkt.

]h chepaftf tdf nlp-sfttkon prhcfmurf, rfehvf tdf splc

rlksf tdf cdksfa uotka tdf sdhuamfr ks sfltfm tkndt th tdf ju]kndtfo tdf cdksfa, lom tdf hggsft wkaa jf chrrfct.

 ]df cdksfa eust jf plrlaafa th tdf gfocf”Sakp l galt

hg whhm”K claa kt l squlrkon jhlrm”jftwffo tdf gfocf lcdksfa. Ofxt, ahhsfo tdf gfocf lom cdksfa lom, iffpkon kts

mfr tkndt th tdf ehrtksf-dflm, rhtltf tdf cdksfa lom puaa tdf

L sdlrp cdksfa lom jkt lrf oht tdf fom

hg tdf sthry. ]df twh plrts eust jf

kostlaafm chrrfctay th ekokekzf grkctkho

lom elxkekzf cdkp rfehvla.

^dkaf dhamkon tdf

 spur hg tdf jkt ljhut

gausd wktd tdf phkots

hg tdf cdksfa, tkndtfo

tdf sdloi hg tdf jkt

ko tdf mrkaa cduci.

Zfehvf tdf splcfr lom rlksf tdf cdksfa

uotka kt jutts lnlkost tdf jusdkon. L squlr- 

kon jhlrm fosurfs tdlt tdf cdksfa ks squlrf

th tdf gfocf. ]kndtfo tdf ahcikon iohj.

Cdksfa

Jkt

Sflt tdf

cdksfa

lnlkost tdf

jusdkon.

Nlp jftwffo

tkps hg jkt

lom cdksfa

]KND]FO ]DF CDKSFAKO ]DF JVSDKON<

]KND]FO ]DF JK]KO ]DF CDVCI:

OH^ ZFLMBVS]]DF CDKSFA3

Splcfr

Sft tdf rkndt nlp

 Sakp tdf sdloi hg

tdf cdksfa

koth tdf jusdkon

lom tdf sdloi

hg tdf jkt koth

tdf jkt cduci.

 Lmm tdf splcfr

jftwffo tdf

 sdhuamfr hg tdf

cdksfa lom tdf

jusdkon, lom

tkndtfo tdf cdksfako palcf.

Mrlwkons2 Ifaay

Jkt ks

gausd

wktd

cdksfa.

6= G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N

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ghrwlrm uotka tdf cdksfa skts galt lnlkost tdf jhlrm.]dfo tkndtfo tdf cdksfa.

Squlrf tdf cdksfa th tdf tljaf”Elif surf

tdf cfotfrakof hg tdf cdksfa ks squlrf th tdf tljafko twh mkrfctkhos9 grhot th jlci lom skmf th skmf.

Vsf l squlrf th mh tdf cdfcikon. Mho‛t plokc kg

laa‛s oht wfaa. Ehst ehrtksfrs dlvf tdf ehrtkskon

dflm lom supphrt chaueo ehuotfm th tdf tljaf wktd jhats. Kt‛s lskepaf elttfr th ahhsfo tdhsf jhats lom sdke (K usf luthehtkvf

laknoefot sdkes) tdf lpprhprkltf skmf hg tdf chaueo jlsf th nft

tdf cdksfa squlrf th tdf tljaf.Squlrf tdf gfocf th tdf tljaf” ^dfo tdf gfocf kso‛t squlrf

th tdf tljaf, tdf ehrtksf who‛t jf squlrf fktdfr. Cdfci kt wktd l

squlrf. Kg kt‛s hgg ehrf tdlo sly, 0.006 ko. hvfr 3 ko., yhu‛aa offmth sdke tdf gfocf jrlcift wdfrf kt lttlcdfs th tdf jlsf hr lmm l

 whhmfo gfocf tdlt clo jf sdkeefm hr jfvfafm th squlrf.Dham-mhwos iffp tdf whripkfcf ho tdf tljaf”Phsktkho

tdf dham-mhwo sh tdlt tdfrf ks bust fohund caflrlocf th laahw tdf

 whripkfcf th sakmf uomfr tdf dham-mhwo wktdhut jkomkon. K iffp

l < ⁍ 7=-ko.-tdkci strkp hg sthci dlomy ls l splcfr.

 Lvhkm hvfralppkon cutsKo tdf gkrst cut jy l jkt lom cdksfa, laa ghur glcfs hg tdf cdksfa wkaa

nft fqula supphrt, sh tdf jkt ks surf th stly squlrfth tdf tljaf tdrhundhut tdf cut. Jut kg tdf ofxt cut

hvfralps tdf gkrst sh tdlt hof skmf ks uosupphrtfm,

tdf cdksfa wkaa tfom th jfom sakndtay thwlrm tdltuosupphrtfm skmf. ]dlt clusfs tdf hutskmf hg tdf

jkt th ruj lnlkost tdf koskmf hg tdf cdksfa, wdkcd

aflms th grkctkho, dflt, lom ohksf.]h lvhkm tdf hvfralp prhjafe, elif l plkr hg

cuts, hof ho flcd fom hg tdf ehrtksf. ]dfo elif

l sfrkfs hg uochoofctfm cuts th jfnko th rfehvftdf wlstf sthci ko jftwffo tdf foms. Aflvf l akttaf

afss tdlo l jkt‛s wkmtd jftwffo tdfsf cuts. ]dlt

 wly, tdf cdksfa ks lawlys guaay supphrtfm. Lgtfr

tdlt, nh jlci lom elif cuts ls offmfm th cafloup tdf ehrtksf. ▬

Zhalom Bhdosho ks l whhmwhrifr lom thha fotdusklst

ko Slui Zlpkms, Ekoo., lom l chotrkjutkon fmkthr th

Gkof ^hhmwhrikon .

^ktd tdf cdksfa/jkt sdlrpfofm lom kostlaafm, tdf

nfofrla sftup prhcfmurf ks hvfr. Ohw elif tdf gkola

elcdkof lmbustefots ghr tdf ehrtksf yhu wlot lom

ghaahw l spfckgkc cuttkon sfqufocf.

Elif twh cuts, hof lt f

fom hg tdf ehrtksf (afgt

elif l sfrkfs hg cuts, a

l wfj hg whhm ko jftwf

flcd cut. Alst, elif cu

(ljhvf) th caflo hut tdf

 L tdko, whhm splcfr

crfltfs l sakndt caflr- 

locf jftwffo tdf thp

hg tdf whripkfcf lom

tdf dham-mhwo, eli- 

kon kt flsy th sakmf tdf

whripkfcf skmfwlys.

 Lgtfr elrikon tdf ehrtksf mfptd ho tdf fom hg tdf

whripkfcf, ahwfr tdf cdksfa lom jkt th tdf elrifm

akof lom sft tdf mfptd sthp ho tdf elcdkof.

Stlrt cuttkon ehrtksfs

SF] ]DF EHZ]KSF MFP]D<

LMBVS] ]DFDHAM-MH^O:

CV] FLCD FOM H]DF EHZ]KSF GK3

 www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N67 Pdhths2 Lsl G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N67

EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS U

Scrhaaslw Kt dls ehrf usfs

tdlo yhu ekndt tdkoi

J [ P L V A S C D Ñ Z C D

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df scrhaaslw dhams fxtrfefay gkof jalmfs uomfr tfoskho,

laahwkon kt th mh bhjs tdlt oh htdfr ehthrkzfm slw clo mh.

Voghrtuoltfay, eloy whhmwhrifrs tdkoi tdlt l scrhaaslw ks

hoay ghr dhjjyksts wdh elif grftwhri, jhhifoms, wdkraknkns, lom

iokciiolcis. Ls l prhgfsskhola gurokturf elifr, K‛vf ghuom tdf

elcdkof eucd ehrf usfgua tdlo tdlt, lom K jfakfvf kt elifs l

 vlauljaf lmmktkho th loy whhmwhrikon sdhp.

K usf l scrhaaslw th rhund hut mhvftlkas, th cut ehrtksf-lom-tfoho

tfepaltfs, th elif selaa ehci-ups hg gurokturf K le mfsknokon,

lom th elif cuts plrtkcualr th elrquftry, sucd ls cuttkon ‑plcifts―

hg euatkpaf alyfrs hg vfoffr. K‛vf lash cut eltfrkla sucd ls sdfaa,

jhof, sdfft jrlss, pfwtfr, lom chppfr ghr mfchrltkvf dlrmwlrf

lom koaly. Kt ks fvfo phsskjaf th cut < ⁍ 4-ko.-tdkci nalss ghr l curvy

mhhr plofa uskon l jlrjfm mklehom-wkrf jalmf, hr th pfrghre

mftlka slomkon lom phaksdkon uskon selaa jfats lttlcdfm th tdf

scrhaaslw akif l jalmf.

Kt ks truf tdlt ehst scrhaaslw usfrs mho‛t ghcus ho gurokturf

elikon. Jut mfchrltkvf grftwhri lom kotlrskl (l pkcturf elmf hg

 vlrkhus whhms, hg vlrkhus tdkciofssfs) cfrtlkoay qulakgy ls whhm-

 whrikon. Shef prhgfsskholas lash elif l akvkon naukon pkcturfs

hoth sfvfo-pay, < ⁍ =-ko. lkrcrlgt-nrlmf paywhhm lom scrhaakon jflu-tkgua puzzaf plttfros. Kg tdfsf lrfls kotfrfst yhu, tdfrf lrf caujs

mfvhtfm th scrhaaslwkon, lom schrfs hg jhhis lom elnlzkofs tdlt

chotlko usfgua koghreltkho, prhbfct kmfls, lom plttfros.

Koaly, elrquftry, lom jfyhomGhr koaly lom elrquftry, l scrhaaslw ks komkspfosljaf. ]df elcdkof

nkvfs yhu lo flsy lom lccurltf eflos hg cuttkon dknday mftlkafm

koaly pkfcfs th lmm th yhur gurokturf. ^dftdfr kt‛s l jfaa

ho l pfrkhm tljaf afn hr l ehtdfr-hg-pflra squlrf th jf u

l mfchrltkvf fafefot, tdf prhcfss ks strlkndtghrwlrm. Mrl

mfskno hoth tdf koaly eltfrkla”usulaay jftwffo < ⁍ <7 ko. lom

tdkci”lom cut kt hut ho l scrhaaslw wktd tdf tljaf sft lt l sa

th =° lonaf, jfvfakon flcd fmnf hg tdf eltfrkla kowlrm l j

ks claafm l chokcla cut. ]dfo palcf tdf koaly hoth tdf jlcin

scrkjf lrhuom tdf hutakof wktd l iokgf, lom dhaahw hut tdf

 wktd l selaa rhutfr lom l selaa cdksfa. Calep lom nauf td

gkreay koth palcf, lom tdfo afvfa kt wktd tdf jlcinrhuom lg

nauf dls sft. ]df jfvfa-cut fmnfs wkaa fosurf l tkndt gkt w

surrhuomkon whhm.

 ^ktd l mfcfot scrhaaslw, yhu clo stfp plst koaly koth tdf

hg elrquftry, wdkcd kovhavfs elikon mftlkafm pkcturfs jy b

euatkpaf pkfcfs hg vfoffr. Plofas hg elrquftry clo fafvl

ahhi hg yhur gurokturf lom clsfwhri. Ehst ekmrlonf slws w

ghre tdf jlskc elrquftry cuts wfaa, kocaumkon tdf plcift, ch

chokcla, wkomhw, pkfcf-jy-pkfcf, lom jhuaaf eftdhms.

Hg laa tdf gflturfs ho l scrhaaslw, tdf ehst kephrtlot l

qukci-rfaflsf jalmf caleps lom l tfoskhokon systfe tdlt yh

lccfss grhe tdf grhot hg tdf slw. K mho‛t akif slws tdlt lccfppko jalmfs, jfclusf tdhsf jalmfs lrfo‛t wfaa-suktfm ghr cuttko

kotrkcltf mftlkas. Lash, ahhi ghr l slw wktd lo flsy-th-rflcd

chotrha iohj9 kt‛s eucd dlomkfr tdlo l stfppfm-puaafy syst

Ghr plcift cuttkon, ey prfgfrrfm elrquftry eftdhm, l

scrhaaslw lom l vfry tdko jalmf elif tdf bhj ls flsy ls st

lom pkookon thnftdfr laa hg tdf vfoffrs th jf gflturfm ko td

pkcturf, sprly-naukon l mrlwkon hoth tdf stlci, cuttkon hu

]

Komkspfosljaf ghr elrquftry. L scrhaaslw

clo cut tdrhund l tdkci plcift hg vfoffrs

(glckon plnf) wktd l vfry tdko jalmf, cuttkon

hut laa hg tdf pkfcfs ghr l pkcturf ko hof sdht.

 Lo flsy wly th tfst mfsknos. ^ktd l s

 slw, kt‛s flsy th cut selaa, kotrkcltf pkfc

qukciay lom lssfejaf tdfe uskon dht-e

 nauf. ]dks <  ⁍  <0 -sclaf ehmfa ks l rflmkon p

Pfrgfct ghr mhvftlkas. Lgtfr tdf koktkla cdffi

cuts lrf elmf, tdf tkoy scrhaaslw jalmf elifs

kt flsy th cut lcrhss tdf jhtthe hg l mhvftlka

 shcift lom qukciay rfehvf tdf wlstf.

E L Z \ V F ] Z [  

Scrhaaslw usfs ko tdf sdhp B H K O F Z [ E H C I - V P S

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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DH^ ]H ]VZO L SDLZP CHZOFZ

^dfo cuttkon elrquftry hr gkofay mftlkafm grftwhri, ofnhtkl

kon sdlrp phkots lom chrofrs clo phsf l cdlaafonf. Fssfotk

yhu offm th pkvht tdf whripkfcf lrhuom tdf jalmf wdkaf tdf

ks ruookon, rfhrkfotkon kt

thwlrm tdf ofw mkrfctkho.

]dks ks lcchepaksdfm jy

cuttkon up th tdf chrofr,

tdfo sakndtay prfsskon tdf

whripkfcf lnlkost tdf skmf

hg tdf jalmf. ]dks eftdhm

stljkakzfs tdf whripkfcfwktdhut loy uowlotfm

cuttkon. Ohw elkotlko tdlt

prfssurf ls yhu pkvht tdf

whripkfcf koth tdf mfskrfm

phsktkho, sdkgtkon tdf prfs-

surf hoth tdf jlci hg tdf

jalmf ls yhu nh.

tdf pkfcfs ko hof sdht, tdfo puaakon tdf pkfcfs lplrt lom tlpkon

tdfe koth palcf. L #:/0 jalmf aflvfs hoay l 0.0<0-ko.-wkmf ifrg, wdkcd tfoms th cahsf up ko tdf gkola plttfro.

Sclafm ehci-ups hg gurokturf lrf vfry dfapgua ko tdf mfskno

prhcfss, laahwkon l 3-M prfvkfw prkhr th mrlwkon lom jukamkon

tdf lctula pkfcf. Ehmfas lash lrf nrflt ghr sfaakon l mfskno kmfl th

l cakfot. L scrhaaslw ks kmfla ghr tdf mftlka whri kovhavfm ko jukam-

kon l ehmfa hut hg tdko eltfrklas. ]df pkfcfs clo jf put thnftdfr

 vfry qukciay uskon dht-efat nauf.

K sheftkefs usf l scrhaaslw ghr cuttkon mhvftlkas, rhundkon hut

tdf pkos lom tlkas jfghrf trkeekon tdfe th tdf akof wktd l sdlrp

cdksfa, kg offm jf. Htdfr tkefs K elif tdf koktkla slwcuts wktd

l mhvftlka slw lom tdfo usf l scrhaaslw th cut squlrfay

tdf jhtthe hg flcd shcift, rfehvkon tdf wlstf. Kg tdf jtfoskhofm prhpfray, tdf cuts wkaa jf lccurltf lom offm vfr

cafloup. K‛vf sffo htdfr whhmwhrifrs elif tdf koktkla cu

tljafslw, tdfo usf l scrhaaslw th rfehvf tdf wlstf.

Hocf yhu dlvf l scrhaaslw, yhu‛aa gkom tdlt ahts hg hmm cu

chef flskfr. K‛vf usfm hof th crfltf eltcdkon tfepaltfs ko

paywhhm ghr rhutkon hmm-sdlpfm ehrtksfs lom tfohos wdfr

gurokturf chephofots bhko. ]df eltcdkon koskmf lom hutskm

paltfs lrf lttlcdfm tfephrlrkay th tdf eltkon whripkfcfs,

tdfy clo nukmf l gausd-cuttkon rhutfr jkt. K usf tdks tfcd

hgtfo wdfo bhkokon shakm-whhm afns mkrfctay th l thp pkfc

LMBVS] GHZ MZKG] ]HCV] L S]ZLKND] AKOF

K dlvf ghuom tdlt tdf

thundfst tfcdokqufs th

elstfr lrf cuttkon strlkndt

akofs lom nhkon lrhuom

sdlrp chrofrs. Eloy jalmfs

lrf ekaafm ko l wly tdlt

clo aflvf tdf jalmf sakndtay

sdlrpfr ho hof skmf, sh

kt trlcis akif l muaa jlom-

slw jalmf. ]h clocfa hutjalmf mrkgt wdfo ghaahwkon

l strlkndt akof, lmbust tdf

lonaf hg tdf whripkfcf

wdfo pusdkon kt koth tdf jalmf. Ghr jfst rfsuats, whri ko l sfrkfs

hg sdhrt pusdfs, elikon selaa chrrfctkhos ls yhu nh. Ls tdf

jalmf muaas, tdf mrkgt nfts whrsf9 iffp jalmfs wfaa tfoskhofm lom

cdlonf tdfe hgtfo.

Fomafss hptkhos ghr pkfrcfm whri. Scdñrcd elmf tdks

 bfwfary-jhx trly jy cuttkon hut selaa hpfokons ko shakm

whhm lom alykon tdlt grftwhri hoth l gfat-chvfrfm paywhhm

jhtthe. Df mftlkafm tdf clrvfm aflg lgtfr tdf elko vfrtkcla

cuts wfrf mhof.

Scrhaaslw usfs (chotkoufm)

Scrhaaslwkon tkps

G Z F ] ^ H Z I  

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N64 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N64

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Koaly jfchefs

 strlkndtghrwlrm. 

]lpf tdf mfskno

th tdko eltfrkla

lom cut hut tdf

koaly. ]dfo scrkjf

lrhuom tdf koaly

 pkfcf th aly hut

tdf rfcfss. ^dfo

cuttkon grlnkaf

eltfrklas akif

tdks ljlahof,

elif l zfrh- 

caflrlocf paltf

grhe l pkfcf hg

vfoffr.

pfrkhm gurokturf, K‛vf usfm l scrhaaslw th cut hut clrvkon jalois ghr

lppakfm mfchrltkvf fafefots.

Sfttkon up yhur slw Kt‛s kephrtlot ghr gkrst-tkef usfrs th rflakzf tdlt scrhaaslw jalmfs

jrfli rfnualray, fspfcklaay tdko hofs. L #:/0 jalmf, ghr fxlepaf,

 wkaa jrfli ko gkvf hr tfo ekoutfs wdfo cuttkon < ⁍ :-ko.-tdkci eltfrkla.

 L jrhifo jalmf clo elif l stlrtakonay ahum ohksf, jut kt mhfso‛t

ofcfsslrkay eflo yhu lrf mhkon loytdkon wrhon.

Ghr jfst rfsuats, tdf jalmf sdhuam jf tfoskhofm th rhunday lo

hctlvf ljhvf ekmmaf C ho tdf pkloh, hr uotka l caflr euskcla paucikon

shuom ks rflcdfm. Kg tdf jalmf ks thh ahhsf, kt wkaa elif l ‑tduoi―

shuom wdfo paucifm lom wkaa tfom

th mfgafct ko usf, mksthrtkon tdf cut,

gltknukon tdf jalmf, lom cluskon kt th

jrfli flray. ktd thh eucd tfoskho,

tdf jalmf wkaa solp ehrf hgtfo hr

sakp hut hg tdf jalmf caleps.

 L gfw ehmkgkcltkhos”K rfche-

efom elikon cdlonfs lom lmmkon

lccfsshrkfs th loy scrhaaslw. L wkmfr

luxkaklry tljaf palcfm hvfr tdf thp hg

tdf stlomlrm tljaf wkaa supphrt wkmfr

 whri. ]h turo tdf slw ho lom hgg, l

ghht-pfmla swktcd (tdf fafctrkcla typf

tdlt stlys ho hoay wdfo tdf pfmla

ks mfprfssfm) tlifs tdf plokc hut hg

scrhaakon mftlka whri lom sthps tdf

ohksf wdfo tdf jalmf jrflis. Lash, K

tlpf zfrh-caflrlocf paltfs hg tdko

clrmjhlrm, palstkc, hr vfoffr ho tdf

slw tljaf th supphrt grlnkaf eltfrkla

lom th iffp selaa pkfcfs grhe mrhp-

pkon tdrhund tdf tdrhlt.

K mho‛t akif tdf jalmf nulrms ho l scrhaaslw”tdfy hoay nft

 wly”sh K rfehvf tdfe. Ko ey calssfs, wktd stumfots rlonkongrhe 4 th 46, K‛vf ofvfr sffo ehrf tdlo l ekohr cut ls l rfs

Plua Scdñrcd, l gurokturf elifr lom tflcdfr ko Slotl Jlrjlrl, Clakg.,

spfcklakzfs ko elrquftry.

EL]CD ]DF JALMF ]H ]DF ]LSI 

Scrhaaslw-jalmf skzfs rlonf grhe tdf selaafst #4/0 (prhohuocfm fkndt-

lundt) th tdf alrnfst #<: (sheftkefs claafm #0/<:), wktd tdf ehst che-

eho ghr whhmwhrikon jftwffo #3/0 lom #4. ]dkoofr jalmfs dlvf ehrf

tfftd pfr kocd. ]df hrkfotltkho hg tdf tfftd lash ks kephrtlot (sff cdlrt

lt rkndt). Ghr ehrf jalmf koghreltkho, cdfci hut tdf fxcfaafot cdlrt lt

www.hashoslw.che/scrhaaXcdlrtX<.dtea.

]hhtd plttfros

S]LOMLZM ]HH]D  ]df jlskc, cut-loytdkon jalmf.

SIKP ]HH]D  Zuos chhafr ko dlrmfr eltfrkla.

ZFWFZSF ]HH]D  Jhtthe gfw tfftd lrf rfvfrsfm th

rfmucf tflrhut.

PZFCKSKHO NZHVOM  Ehrf lnnrfsskvf lom strlkndtfr

cuttkon. Lvlkaljaf ko #6, #>, lom #;, ko sikp thhtd hr

mhujaf/rfvfrsf thhtd.

MHVJAF ]HH]D  Sahw cuttkon, jut sehhtdfr rfsuats.

CZH^O ]HH]D  Cuts ho jhtd upwlrm lom mhwowlrm

strhifs9 sahw, jut ekokekzfs tflrhut. Nhhm ghr palstkc

SPKZLA  Cuts ko loy mkrfctkho jut aflvfs rhundfr,

wkmfr ifrgs.

LO FSSFO]KLA JALMF IK]

]dfsf lrf tdf jalmfs Scdñrcd usfs ehst hgtfo, wktd Hasho ktfe ouejfrs ko

plrfotdfsfs.

#<: sikp thhtd (=63)2 Dflvy-muty jalmf ghr cuttkon strlkndt akofs ko tdkcifreltfrkla sucd ls paywhhm.

#6 prfckskho nrhuom, rfvfrsf thhtd (=;6ZN)2 Vsfm ghr strlkndtfr-akof grftwhri.

#6 sikp thhtd (==7)2 ]dkoofr mfptd tdlo tdf prfckskho-nrhuom #69 turos

tkndtfr chrofrs. Nhhm ghr ehrf mftlkafm grftwhri, ls wfaa ls mhvftlkas.

#:/0 sikp thhtd (==0)2 Vsfm ghr elrquftry lom htdfr vfry gkofay mftlkafm

whri. Ifrg ks hoay 0.0<0 ko.

#< eftla-cuttkon (=>;)2 Ghr eftla, sdfaa, lom jhof.

K O A L [  

 Jalmf

Shurcfs

SCZHAASL^

JALMFS

 ^kamwhhm Mfskno

www.wkamwhhmmfskno

 400-=>0-;0;0

 ^hhmcrlgt Supp

www.whhmcrlgt.ch

 400-::6-<<63

JLZJFM

MKLEHOM ^KZ

ghr cuttkon nalss l

htdfr vfry dlrm eltf

 Lapdl Suppay,

Oh. B06<0J

www.lapdl-suppay.c

 400-:6>-=:<<

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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M

lmhfs, nrhhvfs, lom rljjfts lrf duejaf bhko

 vlrkltkhos hg l skepaf squlrf rfcfss. Jut tdfy l

fxtrfefay vfrsltkaf lom, wktd tdf rkndt tfcdo

 vfry flsy th cut lccurltfay.

Ghr tdhsf rflshos, yhu‛aa gkom mlmhfs, nrhhvfs, lom rljjehst fvfrywdfrf ko gurokturf, jhxfs, cljkoftry, lom clr

 whri, bhkokon fvfrytdkon grhe jkn paywhhm clsfs th mkek

mrlwfr jhxfs.Mlmhfs lom nrhhvfs lrf lctulaay tdf slef ko crhss-sf

Nrhhvfs ruo lahon tdf afontd hg l jhlrm, nhkon wktd tdf

mlmhfs ruo lcrhss l jhlrm hr plofa, nhkon lcrhss tdf nrrljjft ks akif l mlmh hr nrhhvf, jut hpfo ho twh skmfs.

]df cuts ghr laa tdrff bhkots clo jf elmf fktdfr ho l tljaf

 wktd l rhutfr. ]df foms hg tdf cut clo dfap yhu mfckmf wdkth usf. Ko nfofrla, tdf tljafslw ks jfst ghr tdrhund-cuts”m

rljjfts, lom nrhhvfs tdlt nh grhe fom th fom ho l whrip

lom tdf rhutfr ks jfst ghr sthppfm cuts. ]df selaa rhuomfm c

lt tdf fom hg l sthppfm cut clo jf squlrfm up flskay wktd cdksfa whri kg offm jf.

Akif loy whhmwhrikon bhkot, mlmhfs, nrhhvfs, lom rljjft

th gkt prfcksfay. ]df jfst wly th gkof-tuof tdf gkt ks th elif tf

ho scrlp sthci jfghrf cuttkon koth yhur rfla whripkfcfs.

  ltcd hut ghr jhwfm sthci wdfo cuttkon tdfsf bhkots ho l

slw hr rhutfr tljaf. Kt mhfso‛t tlif eucd hg l jhw th rlksf tdf

lwly grhe tdf tljaf, elikon tdf mfptd hg tdf saht vlry wkm

tdlt dlppfos, usf l pusd stkci th try th prfss mhwo ho tdf

Mlmhfs,

Nrhhvfs, lomZljjfts]df dlomkfst bhkots lrf

tdf flskfst th elif

J [ L S L C D Z K S ] K L O L

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

ZLJJF]

NZHHWF

MLMH

70 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N Pdhths, fxcfpt wdfrf ohtfm2 Mlvkm Dfke9 glckon plnf (rhutfr tljaf)2 Ifaay B

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 wdfrf kt plssfs hvfr tdf jalmfs. Hr, sft up

l gfltdfrjhlrm th mh tdf bhj ehrf chosks-

tfotay (sff ‑Gfltdfrjhlrms,― pp. ;0-;3). Ls

lo latfroltkvf, usf l dlomdfam rhutfr. ]dfsdhrt rhutfr jlsf wkaa ghaahw tdf jhw ko

tdf whripkfcf, iffpkon tdf mfptd hg tdf

cut choskstfot. Loy sakndt curvlturf usulaay

mkslppflrs wdfo yhu nauf lom calep tdf

pkfcf koth lo lssfejay.

Nrhhvfs lrf tdf flskfstNrhhvfs lrf tdf flskfst th cut, ghr twh rfl-

shos. ]dfy usulaay lrf vfry cahsf th l plr-

laafa fmnf, lom jfclusf tdfy nh wktd tdfnrlko, tdfy mho‛t tfom th cdkp hut hr jahw

hut lt tdf fom wdfo yhu lrf cuttkon tdfe. ]drhund-nrhhvfs8 Vsf tdf tljafslw”

Kg l nrhhvf ks oht sthppfm, sucd ls mhwo

tdf jhtthe fmnf hg l mrlwfr skmf, cut kt

ho tdf tljafslw, skepay ruookon tdf jhlrmslnlkost tdf rkp gfocf. ]df tljafslw jalmf,

 wktd kts alrnf mkleftfr lom mhzfos hg tfftd,

cuts eucd ehrf fggkckfotay tdlo l rhutfr jkt.

Dhwfvfr, kt‛s oht wfaa-suktfm ghr sthppfmcuts jfclusf kt aflvfs l ahon curvfm sfctkho

th jf caflofm up.

Kg yhu dlvf l mlmh sft lom ahts hg nrhhvfs

th cut, kt ks whrtd tdf tkef th stlci tdf

jalmfs lom gkof-tuof tdf wkmtd wktd tfst cuts. Htdfrwksf, bust

elif euatkpaf plssfs wktd l stlomlrm slwjalmf. ]df jhtthe hg

tdf nrhhvf who‛t jf ls sehhtd ls hof cut wktd l mlmh sft, jut tdks

lrfl ks usulaay dkmmfo lom kso‛t lo kephrtlot nauf surglcf.

Ghr sehhtd lom lccurltf rfsuats, nft l dknd-qulakty stlcifm mlmh

sft, tdf ikom wktd sfplrltf galt jalmfs lom tdko sdkes tdlt nh jf-

twffo tdfe th gkof-tuof tdf wkmtd (sff pdhth, ofxt plnf). Lvhkm

tdf cdflpfr, whjjaf-typf mlmh sfts.

 ^dfo yhu elif loy hg tdfsf jakom cuts ho tdf tljafslw” wdftdfr ghr nrhhvfs, mlmhfs, hr rljjfts”tdf jalmf wkaa fefrnf

summfoay grhe jfofltd tdf sthci. Sh jf vfry lwlrf hg tdlt fxkt

phkot lom iffp yhur dloms wfaa lwly.Sthppfm nrhhvfs8 Vsf l rhutfr”Vsf l stlomlrm strlkndt jkt

 wktd strlkndt gautfs. Ko shef lppakcltkhos, tdf rhuomfm chrofrs lt

tdf fom hg tdf cut who‛t jf sffo, sh bust cut tdf saht l akttaf ahonfrth laahw l squlrf-fmnfm pkfcf th gkt ko.

Ehst hg tdf tkef, l dlomdfam rhutfr ks yhur jfst jft. [hu clo

sff fxlctay wdfrf th sthp, lom wktd l pauonf-typf rhutfr, yhu clo

elif l sfrkfs hg sdlaahw plssfs wktdhut sduttkon hgg tdf thha.

Kg tdf whripkfcfs lrf vfry sdhrt hr olrrhw, calep mhwo l whri-

pkfcf hg kmfotkcla tdkciofss oflrjy th supphrt tdf rhutfr jlsf. Vsf

tdf rhutfr‛s fmnf nukmf th sft tdf mkstlocf jftwffo tdf fmnf hgtdf whripkfcf lom tdf fmnf hg tdf saht.

Zhutfr-tljaf tkps”]df rhutfr tljaf ks fspfcklaay nhhm ghr cuttkon

nrhhvfs ko olrrhw hr sdhrt pkfcfs, jut kt‛s jfst usfm hoay ghr nrhhvfs

tdlt lrf hpfo lt hof fom. ktd nrhhvfs sthppfm lt jhtd foms, yhu‛aa

dlvf th ahwfr tdf whripkfcf hoth tdf spkookon jkt.

Ko ehst clsfs, yhu sdhuam ehvf whripkfcfs grhe rkndt th afgt

ho tdf rhutfr tljaf, sh tdf cuttkon lctkho hg tdf jkt iffps tdf whri

prfssfm lnlkost tdf gfocf. (L gfltdfrjhlrm lash dfaps iffp tdf

 Stlrt lom sthp. L plkr hg jahcis calepfm th l rhutfr-tljaf gfoc

elifs kt phsskjaf th jfnko lom fom l sthppfm nrhhvf. ]df jahci

 stflmy tdf whri ls yhu ahwfr lom tdfo rlksf kt.

Nrhhvfs

 Stflmy prfssurf.  dfo cuttkon nrhhvfs hr rljjfts, prfss mhwo ho tdf whripkfcf th fos

tdlt tdf cut dls l uokghre mfptd. Iffp dloms lwly grhe tdf jalmf‛s fxkt phkot.

CV] ]DZHVND-NZHHWFS HO ]DF ]LJAFSL^

VSF L ZHV]FZ ]LJAF GHZ S]HPPFM NZHHWFS

 www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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 whri ko akof.) Ekom yhu, oht laa nr

sthp lt tdf ehrf chovfokfot fom.

Mlmhfs lrf trkcikfr Jfclusf tdfy ruo lcrhss tdf nrlko, m

lrf prhof th cdkphut lt tdf fom hg td wdftdfr yhu‛rf uskon l tljafslw hr

fr. [hu clo lawlys usf l pkfcf hg

 whhm th supphrt tdf gkjfrs ls tdffxkts tdf whripkfcf, aflvkon l pfrgf

Jut sheftkefs yhu clo aflvf tdf

pkfcf wkmfr tdlo yhu offm lom cu

tdf cdkppfm-hut fmnf ho tdf tljafsJf lwlrf tdlt sdfft nhhms akif pay

usulaay ruo l jkt tdkoofr tdlo tdfkr

ohekola mkefoskho, sh stlomlrm jkts wkaa cut hvfrskzf mlmhfs. Ghrtu

sakndtay uomfrskzf jkts lrf lvlkaljaf ]ljafslw ks glstfr jut clo jf uo

Ghr lccurlcy‛s slif, K akif th cut mlm

hof plss wktd l mlmh sft, wktdhut e

tdf gfocf. ]df slgfst wly ks th usf l

cut safm (sff pdhth, afgt), tdf typf tdko tdf ektfr sahts ho tdf slw tljaf.

 wkaa supphrt vfry jkn whripkfcfs, lo

l eucd slgfr wly th nukmf tdf whrtdlo ruookon tdf glr fom lnlkost t

gfocf. Hg chursf, tdf mlmh wkaa cu

saht ko yhur safm, sh yhu‛aa prhjljayth mfmkcltf tdf safm th tdf tlsi. ]df

gfocf lash prfvfots jahwhut lt td

hg tdf cut. Bust tlci l ofw pkfcf hghoth tdf gfocf jfghrf cuttkon.

]df htdfr hptkho ks th ruo tdf f

tdf jhlrm hr plofa lnlkost tdf rkp

]dks kovhavfs afss dlssaf, jut jfwlrafss tdf chomktkhos lrf rkndt, tdks lpp

clo aflm th cltlstrhpdf. Kg tdf fom

 whripkfcf ks sdhrtfr tdlo ljhut <:

Mlmhfs

Nh safmmkon. Vsf

l mfmkcltfm crhss- 

cut safm th mlmh

olrrhwfr pkfcfs. Kt

fakekoltfs tdf rksi

hg ikcijlci lom lash

jlcis up tdf cut th

ekokekzf jahwhut.

 L qukci rhutfr nukmf. ]wh pkfcfs hg

 strlkndt sthci, bhkofm lt l rkndt lonaf,

elif l skepaf jut fggfctkvf rhutfr nukmf

ghr cuttkon mlmhfs.

Flsy th lakno. L mlmh cut koth hof lre

hg tdf rhutfr nukmf elifs kt flsy th lakno

tdf bkn. Bust jf surf th akof up tdf mlmh ho

tdf chrrfct skmf hg yhur alyhut akof.

Nh wkmf. ]h usf tdf rkp

gfocf wdfo cuttkon ml- 

mhfs ho l tljafslw, jf- 

 nko wktd wkmf sthci lom

rkp kt th skzf lgtfrwlrm.]h lvhkm ikcijlci, iffp

tdf whripkfcf tkndt

lnlkost tdf gfocf. Lash,

iffp yhur dloms caflr

hg tdf fxkt phkot.

]df jfst typf hg jalmf. L stlcifm mlmh sft ks jfst. ]dko

 sdkes aft yhu gkof-tuof tdf wkmtd hg tdf cut, lom tdf spfcklaay

mfsknofm jalmfs prhmucf l sehhtd, galt-jhtthefm cut.

\ukci plssfs. Zhutkon mlmhfs ks l skepaf elttfr wk

]-squlrf bkn calepfm ko palcf. Zhutfr jlsfs lrfo‛t law

chocfotrkc, sh mho‛t rhtltf tdf rhutfr ls yhu cut.

ELIF L SKEPAF ]-S\VLZF BKN GHZ ZHV]KON MLMHFS

L MLMH JALMF ELIF S GLS] ^HZI

HG MLMHFS HO ]DF ]LJAFSL^

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N7: Pdhths, tdks sprflm2 Ifaay B. Muotho (mlmh sft)9 ^kaakle Muciwhrtd (crhsscut s afm)9 ]dhels EcIfool (rljjftkon

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kg tdf mlmh ks oht cahsf th tdlt rfgfrfocf

fmnf, tdf plofa hr jhlrm clo vfry flskay

rhtltf skmfwlys, ikcikon tdf whripkfcf lt yhu lt <00 epd.

Hof trkci ghr paywhhm jhhiclsf skmfs ks

th cut tdf mlmhfs wdkaf tdf twh skmfs lrfstkaa hof jkn plofa, rkppkon tdfe th wkmtd

lgtfrwlrm. ]dks oht hoay aflvfs l ahon fmnf

th jf ruo slgfay lnlkost tdf rkp gfocf, jut

lash laahws yhu th skepay rkp lwly tdfjahwo-hut fom hg tdf mlmh lgtfr tdf cut ks

elmf. ^dfo mlmhkon tdks wly, yhu‛aa dlvf

th iffp yhur fyfs ho twh palcfs lt hocf2tdf rkp gfocf, th jf surf tdf whripkfcf

kso‛t mrkgtkon, lom tdf phkot wdfrf tdf mlmh

jalmf wkaa fxkt tdf cut. L skepaf gfocf ghr tdf rhutfr” L dlom-

dfam rhutfr ks tdf slgfst lom ehst vfrsltkaf

 wly th cut mlmhfs. Kt ks tdf jfst wly th cut l

sthppfm mlmh, wdkcd ks usfm wdfo tdf grhot

fmnfs hg l cljkoft wkaa jf fxphsfm. [hu‛aa

offm l gfocf th nukmf tdf rhutfr jlsf. ]df

rhutfr‛s fmnf nukmf who‛t whri, jfclusfmlmhfs usulaay lrf elmf sh glr grhe tdf

oflrfst rfgfrfocf fmnf. Jut yhu clo wdkp

up l skepaf, fggfctkvf bkn ko ekoutfs.]df ]-squlrf mlmh bkn ks skepay hof ahon

pkfcf hg whhm scrfwfm lom naufm th lohtd-

fr lt l rkndt lonaf. ]df jfluty hg tdks bkn kstdlt tdf rhutfr cuts kts mlmh rkndt lcrhss tdf

gfocf, elikon kt flsy th lakno tdf bkn wktd

alyhut elris. Bust jf surf yhu lrf cuttkon

tdf mlmh ho tdf chrrfct skmf hg yhur elri.

Grhe plst ekstlifs lom rfplkrs K‛vf aflrofm

th elri l akttaf squknnaf jfskmf ey alyhut

elris th sdhw wdfrf tdf mlmh wkaa nh.

]h elif tdf bkn lccurltfay, lppay nauflom tdfo calep tdf ahon gfocf th tdf sdhrt-

fr gfocf. Cdfci kt wktd lo lccurltf squlrf

lom lmbust tdf lonaf jfghrf lmmkon lohtdfr

calep th ahci ko tdf sfttkon. Kg yhu dlvf

palcfm yhur caleps strltfnkclaay, yhu clo

ohw scrfw tdf pkfcfs thnftdfr.Jfghrf rhutkon yhur gkrst mlmh, elif l

plss hvfr bust tdf bkn ktsfag th rhut l sdla-

Zljjfts

ahw mlmh ko kt ghr laknokon wktd tdf

]h usf tdf bkn, ehvf tdf rhutfr grhth rkndt. ]dks wly tdf cuttkon lct

tdf jkt wkaa tfom th pusd tdf rhutf

lnlkost tdf gfocf ghr lccurltf rfsu

 yhu offm th elif l mlmh tdlt ks tdlo tdf jkt yhu dlvf, yhu‛aa dlvf

hut jhtd skmfs hg tdf mlmh lom eh

bkn th elif l sfchom plss.

Zljjfts lrf hpfo-skmfm ^dfo l plofa dls th nh ko lgtfr hr grlef ks lssfejafm, l rljjft ks

 Lnlko, mlmh jalmfs nkvf tdf glstfst r

 Slcrkgkcf.  dfo cuttkon olrrhw rljjfts, kt‛s jfst th calep l slcrkgkckla gfocf th tdf

tljaf slw gfocf lom rlksf tdf mlmh sft koth tdf gfocf uotka kt rflcdfs tdf mfskrfm dfkndt.

L MLMH SF] LASH ^HZIS ^FAA GHZ ZLJJF]S ELO[ ZLJJF]S GZHE L SKONAF

S]ZLKND] JK]

Kogkoktf vlrkfty. ^dftdfr ho tdf rhutfr tljaf hr wktd

l dlomdfam rhutfr, hof jkt clo crfltf eloy skzfs hg

rljjfts. Sft tdf jkt th tdf mfskrfm dfkndt, lom lmbust

tdf gfocf hr fmnf nukmf th gkom tdf mfskrfm wkmtd.

Jflrkon mhwo. L

jflrkon-nukmfm

rljjftkon jkt la- 

ahws yhu th elif l

gfw mkggfrfot cuts,

mfpfomkon ho tdf

 skzf hg tdf jflrkon yhu

usf. ]dks typf hg jkt

elifs kt flsy th rlj- 

jft l naufm-up pkcturf

grlef, latdhund yhu‛aa

dlvf th caflo up tdf

chrofrs wktd l cdksfa.

]H ZLJJF]

L GZLEF, VSF L

JFLZKON-NVKMFM JK]

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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Zfm hli ks tdf prkelry whhm

ghr tdks prhbfct jfclusf kt

ks dlomshef, dlrm wflrkon,

lom oht mkggkcuat th whri.

Pkof wls usfm ghr tdf mrlwfr

jhxfs lom tdf jlci salts.

Jhtd whhms lrf rflmkay

lvlkaljaf lt dhef cfotfrs

lt l ehmfrltf prkcf. Ehst

dhef-cfotfr auejfr ks ekaafm

th 3 ⁍ =-ko. tdkciofss, sh tdf

jhlrm‛s nrlko sdhuam jf flsy

th sff. Hocf yhu‛vf cut tdf

 bhkots, lssfejakon tdks pkfcf

ks strlkndtghrwlrm.

CLSF ELMF ^K ]D ZLJJF]S, MLMHFS, LOM NZHHWFS

Glasf mrlw3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci

Mrlwfr mkvkmfr

Plrtktkho,< ⁍ : ko. tdkci jy

4< ⁍ = ko. wkmf jy;< ⁍ 4 ko. tlaa

Sthppfm mlmh,3 ⁍ <7 ko. mffp jy < ⁍ = ko.wkmf jy ; ko. ahon

<< ⁍ 4 ko.

<4 ko.

3< ⁍ : ko.

<63 ⁍ = ko.

<6 ko.

43 ⁍ = ko.

=< ⁍ = ko.

<< ⁍ = ko.

<0 ko.

<;< ⁍ : ko. <03 ⁍ = ko.

Sthppfm mlmh,3

 ⁍ <7 ko. mffpjy < ⁍ = ko. wkmf jy

4< ⁍ 4 ko. ahon

]hp

Chvf, < ⁍ : ko.

Mrlwfr nukmf,3 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci

Wlalocf

Mrlwfr skmfs, 3 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci jy

3< ⁍ : ko. wkmf jy 4 ko. ahon Mrlwfr grhot, 3 ⁍ 4 ko.tdkci jy 3< ⁍ : ko. wkmf jy

73 ⁍ = ko. ahon

Mrlwfr jhtthe,3 ⁍ <7-ko.-tdkci paywhhm

Jlci salt,3 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci

Clsf skmf, 3 ⁍ =

tdkci jy <0 kojy <63 ⁍ 4 ko. ah

Nrhhvf, < ⁍ = ko.

mffp jy 3 ⁍ 4 ko.wkmf, kosft < ⁍ : ko.

grhe fmnf

Zljjft,3 ⁍ 4 ko. mffpjy 3 ⁍ 4 ko.

wkmf

]honuf,< ⁍ = ko. tdkci

jy 3 ⁍ <7 ko.ahon

Mlmh, < ⁍ = ko.

mffp jy3 ⁍ = ko. wkmf

Sthppfm mlmh, 3 ⁍ 4 ko.

mffp jy 3 ⁍ 4 ko. wkmfjy ;6 ⁍ 4 ko. ahon

Vppfr lom ahwfr sdfavfs,3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy ;< ⁍ 4 ko. wkmf

jy <> ko. ahon

3> ⁍ 4 ko. = ko.

<03 ⁍ = ko.

VOMFZSKMF

HG CLSF ]HP

33 ⁍ = ko.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N7= Mrlwkons2 Wko

Cut sthppfm mlmhfs

wktd l rhutfr.

Cut nrhhvflom mlmhfs

ho tdf

tljafslw.

Cut thonufs ho

tdf tljafslw.

Cut bh

tdf tl

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jut tdf tljafslw mhfso‛t whri wfaa ghr sthppfm rljjfts. [hu‛aa

offm th jury tdf mlmh sft sakndtay ko l slcrkgkckla gfocf lttlcdfmth tdf rkp gfocf. Gkof lmbustefots th tdf wkmtd hg tdf rljjft lrf

bust l elttfr hg ehvkon tdf rkp gfocf lom tfstkon tdf cut ho l

pkfcf hg scrlp.Sthppfm rljjft8 Lnlko, usf tdf rhutfr”]dfrf lrf spfckla rlj-

jftkon jkts tdlt chef wktd l ouejfr hg nukmf jflrkons ghr vlrkhus

stlomlrm grlctkhola-skzfm rljjfts2 <  ⁍  = ko., 3  ⁍  4 ko., lom sh ho (sff pdhth,

p. 73). ]df mfptd hg tdf rljjft, hg chursf, ks vlrkljaf, chotrhaafm jy

dhw glr tdf jkt stkcis hut grhe tdf rhutfr jlsf.

Akif fvfryhof fasf, K jhundt l jflrkon-nukmfm jkt wdfo K stlrtfm

 whhmwhrikon. Jut ohw wdfo K cut rljjfts wktd l rhutfr, K hgtfogkom eysfag uskon l stlomlrm strlkndt jkt. Ghr hof, tdf selaafr

mkleftfr aflvfs afss cdksfa whri th mh lt tdf fom hg l sthppfm

rljjft. Lom usulaay tdf jhlrm hr plofa K‛e gkttkon koth l rljjft ksl jkt uomfr hr hvfr l stlomlrm skzf. Kostflm hg tdf jflrkon, K usf

tdf fmnf nukmf (ho l dlomdfam rhutfr) hr tdf gfocf (ho tdf rhutfr

tljaf) th sft tdf rljjft wkmtd. •

 Lsl Cdrkstklol ks fmkthr hg Gkof hhmwhrikon .

]df grhot, jlci, lom skmfs hg tdf mrlwfr jhxfs lrf choofctfm jy mlmh lom

rljjft bhkots cut ho tdf tljafslw. ]df glasf grhots lrf ehuotfm wktd scrfws

lgtfr tdf mrlwfrs dlvf jffo lssfejafm.

Zljjft,3 ⁍ <7 ko.

mffp jy< ⁍ = ko. wkmf

Mlmh, 3 ⁍ <7 ko.mffp jy < ⁍ 4 ko.

wkmf

Mrlwfr skmf

Mrlwfr-jhx grhot,3 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci

Glasf mrlwfr grhot

Nrhhvf ghr

mrlwfr jhtthe,3 ⁍ <7 ko. jy 3 ⁍ <7 ko.

L \VKCI LOM S]VZM[ MZL^FZ

Plyhgg. 

clrfgua s

 yhu clo

cut tkndt

mlmhfs

rljjfts

 strhon m

jhx ho ttljafslw

Nhhm gfocfs. Ghr olrrhw pkfcfs, usf l ektfr gfocf th pus

 sthci hvfr tdf jalmf.

Jlciup. ^dfo cuttkon mlmhfs lom rljjfts ho tdf tljaf- 

 slw, jlci up tdf whripkfcf wktd scrlp th lvhkm jahwhut

lt tdf fom hg tdf cut.

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Vsf tdf rhutfr, tljafslw,

lom l chupaf hg bkns

th elif tdfe ghhaprhhg 

J [ B F G G E K A A F Z

]

df ehrtksf-lom-tfo-

ho bhkot ks hof hg tdf

strhonfst whhmwhri-

kon bhkots. Ghr elxkeue strfontd, tdksbhkot offms nhhm chotlct jftwffo ahon-

nrlko surglcfs”tdhsf ho tdf skmfs hg tdf

ehrtksf lom tdf cdffis hg tdf tfoho. ]dlteflos tdf ahon-nrlko surglcfs eust jf galt,

sehhtd, lom plrlaafa. Bust ls kephrtlot, tdf

gkt jftwffo tdhsf surglcfs eust jf soun.K cut ehrtksfs wktd l pauonf rhutfr, l

strlkndt jkt, lo fmnf nukmf, lom l sdhp-

elmf bkn. ]fohos lrf cut ho tdf tljafslw wktd l tfohokon bkn. ]df elcdkof whri

nfofrlaay prhmucfs l gkt tdlt‛s rkndt ho.

Kg kt kso‛t, tdf gkola gkttkon ks mhof wktd l

gfw dlom thhas. Laa hg tdf tfcdokqufs lrf

skepaf lom fggkckfot, lom tdfy rf

pfrgfct-gkttkon bhkots.

Cut tdf ehrtksfs gkrstKo nfofrla, kt‛s jfst th cut tdf ehrtks

lom tdfo cut tdf tfohos th gkt tdfeVsf l pauonf rhutfr lom l str

 jkt ”L pauonf rhutfr ks prftty e

eust th cut ehrtksfs. Loy fgghrt th

jkt hg l gkxfm-jlsf rhutfr koth l whr

th crfltf l ehrtksf ks mlonfrhus, l

lash akifay th prhmucf lo kolccurlt

Elif l bkn th nukmf tdf rhutfr”

l vfry skepaf bkn wktd tdrff whhmfo

l jhmy, l splcfr strkp, lom l nukmf

 L plkr hg dham-mhwos elmf j

 Lmbustljaf Calep Ch., styaf Oh

CV] EHZ]KSFS G KZS] 

Hocf tdf bkn ks elmf, kt tlifs akttaf tkef th rhut l

ehrtksf. L stlomlrm strlkndt jkt whris bust gkof,

latdhund l spkrla upcut jkt mhfs l jfttfr bhj hg

caflrkon cdkps grhe tdf ehrtksf.

 Sft tdf jkt mfptd. ^ktd tdf mfskrfm

ehrtksf mfptd elrifm ho tdf whripkfcf,

lmbust tdf jkt mfptd ho tdf rhutfr.

Cfotfr tdf jkt. Lgtfr elrikon tdf ahclt

hg tdf ehrtksf, lmbust tdf fmnf nukmf th

tdf jkt ko tdf ehrtksf.

Calep tdf whripkfcf th tdf ehrtkskon bkn. L plkr hg

 sturmy dham-mhwos locdhrs tdf whripkfcf th tdf bkn.

Mrlwkons2 Wkocf Jljli9 pdhths, fxcfpt wdfrf ohtfm2 ]he Jfnola9 tdks plnf (thp afgt)2 Ifaay B. MG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N77

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

Ehrtksf-lom-]foho Bhkot

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LVTKAKLZ[ GFOCF ZKMFS KO L NZ

Zhutfr

fmnf nukmf

Luxkaklry gfocf,3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy <6 ⁍ 4 ko.

wkmf jy :0 ko. ahon

Jhmy, 3< ⁍ : ko. sq. jy

30 ko. ahon

Nukmf strk3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci

:< ⁍ : ko. wkm

Splcfr strkp, 3 ⁍ = ko

jy <3 ⁍ = ko. wkmf

Lttlcdf

scrfws

Dham-mhwo

Fxtrl dhafs ghr

dham-mhwos

]dfsf glcfs eust jf

pfrpfomkcualr.

Sthp jahcis ho tdf thp

fosurf tdlt laa ehrtksfs

lrf tdf slef afontd.

Sthp jahci ho tdf

grhot phsktkhos tdf

whripkfcf.

L SKEPAF EHZ]KSKON BKN

Zhutfr

]dks sturmy bkn, usfm wktd l pauonf

rhutfr lom fmnf nukmf, fosurfs wfaa-cut

ehrtksfs. Lo luxkaklr y gfocf, ehuotfm th

tdf fmnf nukmf, sakmfs ko l nrhhvf th iffp

tdf rhutfr jkt ruookon mflm strlkndt.

Zhutfr Zhutf

fmnf n

Jhmy 

Nukmf strkp

Splcfr strkp

^hripkfcf

ks calepfm

gausd wktd

tdf thp

hg tdf jhmy.

 Sthp jahcis fstljaksd tdf ehrtksf afontd. Sthp

jahcis ho flcd skmf hg tdf rhutfr jlsf akekt tdf

trlvfa hg tdf jlsf.

]lif akndt cuts uotka yhu rflcd tdf gkola mfptd. ]h prhmucf sehhtd, strlknd

ehrtksfs, elif euatkpaf plssfs wktd tdf rhutfr, wktd flcd plss rfehvkon oh e

tdlo <  ⁍  3: ko. hg sthci.

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(3<:-777-07=09 www.lmbustljaf

.che), sfcurf tdf whripkfcf th tdf

 ^ktd tdf dham-mhwos ko palcf, tdf

cfpts sthci up th ljhut :3 ⁍ = ko. wk whri wktd wkmfr sthci, skepay rfeh

dham-mhwos lom sfcurf tdf whri

 wktd l chupaf hg C-caleps. [hu‛aa lash offm th elif l whhmf

kaklry gfocf th lttlcd th tdf fmnf

hg tdf rhutfr. ]df gfocf gkts koth l ncrfltfm jy tdf splcfr lom tdf nukmf

Kt prfvfots tdf fmnf nukmf grhe s

lwly grhe tdf jhmy, lom tdlt

tdf rhutfr clo‛t wlomfr grhe l stakof cut.

Vskon tdf bkn th cut ehrtksfs”S

alykon hut tdf ahcltkho hg tdf ehrttdf whripkfcf. ]dfo calep tdf whr

th tdf jhmy hg tdf bkn. Elif surf t

surglcf hg tdf whripkfcf ks gausd wthp hg tdf bkn.

 Lmbust tdf pauonf-rhutfr mfptd s

fstljaksd tdf gkola mfptd hg cut. Pal

rhutfr ho tdf jhmy hg tdf bkn, wkluxkaklry gfocf hg tdf fmnf nukmf

nrhhvf. Lmbust tdf fmnf nukmf uo

rhutfr jkt ks cfotfrfm ko tdf ehrtksf

Calep tdf splcfr ko tdf bkn

lom lnlkost tdf scrlp sthci

ko jlci. Lmbust tdf bkn th akof

up wktd tdf tfoho elri, tdfo

cut tdf gkrst cdffi.

CV] ]DF GKZS] CDFFI 

CV] ]FOHOS ALS] 

<

Vsf tdf ehrtksf

th aly hut tdf tfoho

Jutt tdf fom hg tdf pkfcf th jf

tfohofm lnlkost tdf ehr tksf, tdfo

elri tdf tfoho afontd (jfahw) lom

tdkciofss (rkndt).

^hripkfcf

Splcfr

]ljafslw jalmf

]fohokon bkn

 Splcfr-grff sfchom cut. Lgtfr elikon t

cdffi cut, rfehvf tdf splcfr lom sakmf h

whripkfcf th calep kt mkrfctay lnlkost tdf

ZFEHWF ]DF SPLCFZ LOM

CV] ]DF SFCHOM CDFFI 

:

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N74

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hg tdf tfoho ks fstljaksdfm ko bust twh cuts2

hof wktd tdf splcfr ko palcf lom hof

 wktd kt rfehvfm. ]df splcfr lutheltkclaay

crfltfs tdf tfoho tdkciofss yhu wlot. ]dftdkciofss hg tdf splcfr sdhuam jf l dlkr

afss tdlo tdf wkmtd hg tdf ehrtksf paus tdf

 wkmtd hg tdf slwjalmf ifrg. Mh tdf koktklasftup wktd l tfst pkfcf hg scrlp sthci.

Vsf hof hg tdf ehrtksfs th elri tdf tfoho

ho tdf tfst pkfcf. Zlksf tdf jalmf th fqulatdf tfoho afontd. Elif tdf cut ko l skonaf,

sehhtd plss.

 Lgtfr tdf gkrst cut, rfehvf tdf splcfr lom

rfcalep tdf whripkfcf wktd tdf whrikonglcf lnlkost tdf bkn. ]dfo elif tdf sfchom

cdffi cut.

]df sdhuamfr cuts lrf elmf wktd tdfektfr nlunf. Sft tdf jalmf dfkndt th cut

bust sdy hg tdf tfoho cdffi. Calep l sthp

jahci th tdf rkp gfocf th fstljaksd tdf mks-tlocf grhe tdf fom hg tdf tfoho th tdf

sdhuamfr cut.

]df ektfr nlunf lash ks usfm th elif tdf

sdhuamfr cuts ho flcd fmnf hg tdf tfoho. Ktdfo usf l cdksfa hr l tfoho slw th elif

tdf twh vfrtkcla cuts tdlt fstljaksd tdf gkola

 wkmtd hg tdf tfoho.

 Latdhund yhu clo usf l cdksfa th

tdf ehrtksf chrofrs th eltcd tdf tf

ks eucd flskfr th rhuom tdf tfoho c

 wktd l rlsp. Gkolaay, lppay l akndt (< cdlegfr laa lrhuom tdf fom hg tdf t

Elif lmbustefots th nft l pfrgfMfspktf ey jfst fgghrts, K sheftke

up wktd l bhkot tdlt mhfso‛t gkt ls wfa

akif. dfo tdlt dlppfos, l akttaf dlo whri dls tdf bhkot gkttkon bust rkndt.

Hof hg tdf ehst fggfctkvf thhas gh

okon tfohos ks l sdhuamfr palof.

cuttkon wktd l sdhuamfr palof, rfehfqula lehuot hg eltfrkla lcrhss td

 wkmtd hg tdf tfoho. Kt‛s oht uochee

rfehvf akttaf eltfrkla lt tdf jfnkooko

cut lom thh eucd eltfrkla lt tdf fo

]fohos lrfo‛t lawlys thh tdkci lgtf

chef hgg tdf tljafslw9 sheftkefs td

up l jkt thh tdko. ^dfo tdlt dlppfo

bhkot usulaay clo jf slavlnfm jy na

pltcd hg whhm th hof hr jhtd cdff

 Bfgg Ekaafr jukams gurokturf ko dks Cdkclnh s

(www.gurokturfelikon.che). Df lash tflcd

wrktfs ljhut whhmwhrikon.

Ofxt, scrfw twh sthp jahcis th tdf thp

hg tdf bkn, hof ho flcd skmf hg tdf rhutfr

jlsf, phsktkhofm sh tdlt tdf jkt sthps wdfo

kt rflcdfs flcd fom hg tdf ehrtksf. ^dfo cuttkon ehrtksfs ko ehrf tdlo hof

 whripkfcf, lmm l sthp jahci th tdf grhot

hg tdf bkn sh yhu clo qukciay phsktkho flcdofw pkfcf th jf ehrtksfm.

Ohw yhu‛rf rflmy th stlrt cuttkon. ]ry oht

th rfehvf ehrf tdlo < ⁍ 3: ko. hg sthci pfr

plss. Ls yhu cut, ehvf tdf rhutfr sehhtday

jlci lom ghrtd, uskon tdf sthps th akekt tdf

ehrtksf afontd. Chotkouf cuttkon lom ahw-

frkon uotka yhu rflcd tdf mfptd-sthp sfttkon

tdlt rfprfsfots tdf guaa ehrtksf mfptd.

Cut tfohos th gkt tdf ehrtksfs ^ktd tdf ehrtksfs cut, yhu clo stlrt whrikon

ho tdf tfohos. Laehst loy sturmy tljafslw

tfohokon bkn wkaa whri, ls ahon ls kts nukmf

jlr ks soun ko tdf ektfr-nlunf saht. ]h dfap

prfvfot tflrhut, jlci up tdf whripkfcf

 wktd l pkfcf hg scrlp sthci (sff pdhth ghr

stfp :, glckon plnf).Ify th tdks systfe ks l sdhpelmf whhmfo

splcfr tdlt‛s usfm wktd tdf tfohokon bkn.

]df splcfr ks skzfm sh tdlt tdf tdkciofss

Vsf tdf ektfr nlunf lom l sthp jahci. Ghr choskstfot tfoho

 sdhuamfrs, calep tdf sthp jahci th tdf rkp gfocf lom elif tdf

 sdhuamfr cuts uskon l ektfr nlunf.

CV] ]DF ]FOHO SDHVAMFZS

Gkoksd tdf tfoho jy dlom. Vsf l rlsp th rhuom hvfr tdf fmnfs hg tdf

tfoho th eltcd tdf ehrtksf, tdfo cdlegfr tdf fom th ekokekzf nauf

 squffzf-hut.

3

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Pdhths, fxcfpt wdfrf ohtfm2 Eltt Jfrnfr9 tdks plnf (thp afgt)2 Ifaay B. Muotho9 mrlwkons2 Wko

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

Zlksfm PlofasDhw th lcdkfvf nrflt rfsuats

lt tdf rhutfr tljaf hr tdf tljafslw

J [ E L ] ] D F ^ ] F L N V F

ZLKSF L PLOFA L] ]DF ZHV]FZ ]LJAF

Plofa-rlkskon rhutfr jkts chef ko twh styafs, jhtd hg wdkcd crfltf l galt thonuf lom l jfvfa.

^ktd flcd jkt, tlif euatkpaf plssfs lom kocrflsf tdf mfptd hg tdf cut wktd flcd plss.

Cut tdf ahon-nrlko skmfs lgtfr tdf crhss-nrlko foms th caflo up

loy tflrhut. Vsf l pusd jahci lom l stflmy gffm rltf ho tdf gkola

 plss ghr l sehhtd gkoksd.

]lif akndt plssfs wktd

l vfrtkcla plofa-rlkskon

jkt. ]dfy tfom th prhmucf

l rhundfr surglcf tdlo l

dhrkzhotla jkt, jut l clrm

 scrlpfr hr slomplpfr wkaa

caflo tdkons up.

]dfsf alrnf-mkleftfr jkts rfqukrf

l vlrkljaf-spffm rhutfr sft lt

<0,000 rpe. Vsf l gfltdfrjhlrm th

iffp tdf plofa galt lnlkost tdf tljaf.

DHZKRHO]LA ZHV]FZ JK]Gfocf

Gfltdfr-

jhlrm

^hri-

pkfcf ]dfsf jkts sdhuam

jf ruo jftwffo

<4,000 rpe lom

::,000 rpe. Vsf

l gfltdfrjhlrm th

iffp tdf plofa

soun lnlkost tdf

tlaa gfocf.

WFZ]KCLA

ZHV]FZ JK]Gfocf

^hripkfcf

Gfltdfrjhlrm

pkfcf K‛e jukamkon lom tdf ouejfr hg

plofas K dlvf th cut, K usf l rhutfr tljaf hr

l tljafslw hutgkttfm wktd l plofa-rlkskon

bkn. ^dltfvfr eftdhm yhu cdhhsf, stlrt

 wktd l plofa tdlt ks skzfm th tdf hpfo-

kon ko tdf grlef paus tdf mfptd hg tdf

nrhhvfs”ekous bust l akttaf ko tdf wkmtdth lcchuot ghr whhm ehvfefot.

 ]wh eftdhms lt tdf rhutfr tljafZlkskon l plofa wktd kts glcf ho tdf tljaf

uskon l dhrkzhotla rhutfr jkt ks slgf lom fggk-

ckfot, jut kt claas ghr l vlrkljaf-spffm rhutfr.

Grlef-lom-plofa chostructkho ks

lehon tdf whhmwhrifr‛s nrflt-

fst kovfotkhos. Oht hoay mhfs kt

shavf eloy hg tdf prhjafes wf

fochuotfr wktd whhm ehvfefot, jut kt

lash ahhis nhhm, crfltkon vksula kotfrfst

jy lmmkon sdlmhw akofs lom rfgafctkon akndtlcrhss mkggfrfot palofs.

]dfrf lrf laehst ls eloy wlys th cut

rlksfm plofas ls tdfrf lrf thhas ko tdf

 whrisdhp. ^dkaf tdf sdlpfr ks prhjljay

tdf ehst fggkckfot, eloy whhmwhrifrs

mho‛t hwo l sdlpfr. Mfpfomkon ho tdf

JFWFAFM ]HONVF

GAL] ]HONVF

L rlksfm plofa cut wktd l rhutfr jkt dls

galt thonuf, wdkcd laahws tdf plofa th s

lom fxplom ehrf grffay koskmf tdf grle

^dfo cut wktd dlom thhas hr ho tdf tlj

tdf thonuf ks lo fxtfoskho hg tdf jfvfa

]^H ][PFS HG ]HONVFS

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N>0

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Jfclusf tdfsf jkts lrf sh alrnf ko mkleftfr,

mkla jlci tdf rhutfr th ljhut <0,000 rpe.

Kg yhu‛rf rlkskon euatkpaf plofas, yhu offm

th elri hut hoay tdf tdkciofss th jf rf-

ehvfm ho tdf gkrst plofa. ]df wkmtd hg tdf

jfvfa ks mftfrekofm jy tdf jflrkon ho tdf

rhutfr jkt. Scrkjf l akof ho tdf fmnf hg tdf

plofa th komkcltf tdf thonuf‛s tdkciofss.

Stlrt rhutkon ho tdf crhss-nrlko foms lom

tdfo rhut tdf ahon-nrlko skmfs. ]lif tdrff th

gkvf plssfs, mfpfomkon ho tdf mfoskty lom

tdkciofss hg tdf whhm, rlkskon tdf jkt wktd

flcd plss uotka yhu rflcd tdf gkola mfptd.

Kg yhu‛rf rlkskon ehrf tdlo hof plofa, rhut

flcd plofa ko hrmfr jfghrf rlkskon tdf jkt.

]h nulrlotff l caflo cut, elif surf yhur

alst plss rfehvfs oh ehrf tdlo < ⁍ <7 ko.

Glcf lnlkost tdf gfocf” [hu clo rlksf

l plofa lt tdf rhutfr tljaf uskon l vfrtkcla

plofa-rlkskon jkt jurkfm ko l tlaa luxkaklry

gfocf. ]dks eftdhm rfqukrfs yhu th tlif

akndt plssfs, lom yhur rhutfr sdhuam jf

ruookon lt <4,000 rpe th ::,000 rpe.

 Lnlko, cut tdf crhss-nrlko foms jfghrf tdfahon-nrlko skmfs lom tlif sfvfrla plssfs,

ehvkon tdf tlaa gfocf lgtfr flcd cut. Ghr

slgfty‛s slif, usf l gfltdfrjhlrm ehuotfm

dknd ho tdf plofa th fosurf tdlt tdf whri-

pkfcf stlys soun lnlkost tdf tlaa gfocf.

Plofa-rlkskon ho tdf tljafslw ]df tljafslw, usfm wktd l plofa-rlkskon bkn,

ks tdf glstfst wly th rlksf plofas. ]df bkn

clo jf usfm lnlko lom lnlko. K lash

usf ekof th cut wkmf cdlegfrs ho

selaa tljafthps.

Gkrst, cut l tfst jfvfa ho scrlpeltfrkla tdf slef tdkciofss ls tdf

plofa. Lke ghr l thonuf tdlt gkts

ko tdf nrhhvf lom wkaa aflvf shef

rhhe koskmf tdf nrhhvf ghr tdf

plofa th fxplom. ]dfo eflsurf

tdf wkmtd hg tdf jfvfa th mftfrekof

tdf ahcltkho hg tdf sdhuamfr.

]h fstljaksd tdf sdhuamfr, sft tdf

tljafslw gfocf th tdf wkmtd hg tdf

jfvfa ho yhur tfst cut, lom rlksf

tdf jalmf th ljhut 3 ⁍ <7 ko. ]dfo ruo

laa ghur skmfs hg tdf plofa tdrhund

tdf tljafslw. Ofxt, calep tdf plo-fa th tdf bkn lom lakno tdf gfocf ghr

tdf chrrfct thonuf tdkciofss. Zlksf

tdf jalmf sh tdlt kt bust rflcdfs tdf

sdhuamfr lom jfnko cuttkon. •

Elttdfw ]flnuf ks l whhmwhrifr lom l

wrktfr ko Olsdvkaaf, ]foo.

ZLKSF L PLOFA

HO ]D F ]LJAFS L^

Sft tdf tljafslw jalmf th ;0° lom jukam l tljafsl

tdlt dhams tdf plofa lt lo lonaf. Ko tdks clsf, l >6

crfltfs l <6° jfvfa. Jfghrf cuttkon tdf plofas, el

tfst cuts wktd scrlpwhhm.

Jfnko lt tdf sdhuamfr. Elif l3  ⁍  <7 -ko.-mffp cut ho laa ghur skmfs

uskon tdf tljafslw.

Calep tdf plofa th tdf

 bkn lom cut. Zlksf tdfjalmf sh tdlt kt rflcdfs

tdf sdhuamfr. Elif tdf

crhss-nrlko plssfs jfghrf

cuttkon tdf ahon-nrlko

 skmfs. L stflmy gffm rltf

lom l sdlrp jalmf rfmucf

juro elris. Afgthvfr

elris clo jf caflofm up

wktd l scrlpfr.

JVKAM L PLOFA-ZLKSKON BKN

]dks bkn ks rfaltkvfay strlkndtghrwlrm lom elifs rlkskon l plofa lt tdf tljafslw spffmy lom

slgf. Kt‛s elmf hg 3 ⁍ =-ko.-tdkci paywhhm lom lssfejafm wktd <6 ⁍ 4-ko. mrywlaa scrfws. Jukam tdf

 bkn gkr st, tdfo lttlcd tdf lre sh tdlt kt‛s soun hvfr tdf tljafslw gfocf.

Jlsf, ; ko. wkmf

jy <; ko. ahon

]ljaf afm

< ko. wkm

<; ko. ah

Skmf supphrts, ; ko. wkmf

jy >< ⁍ : ko. tlaa

Lre supphrts, :< ⁍ <7 ko. tlaa

(skzf tdfe th gkt yhur plrtkcualr

gfocf) jy 4< ⁍ : ko. ahon

]ljaf, <0 ko. tlaa jy

<; ko. ahon

<6° lonaf

Skmf, :6 ⁍ 4 ko. wkmf

jy <; ko. ahon

Lre hvfr gfocf

thp, 4 ko. wkmf jy

<33 ⁍ = ko. ahon

 www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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E y sdhp ks selaa, wktd hoay tdf ehst jlskc fqukpefot. K

lash dlvf akektfm shurcfs hg dlrmwhhm, chogkokon efth 3 ⁍ =-ko.- hr <-ko.-tdkci sthci. Dhwfvfr, tdfsf hjstlcafs

dlvfo‛t sthppfm ef grhe tlciakon lejktkhus prhbfcts, sucd ls tdf

crhwo ehamkon ho l sfcrftlry K jukat. Alcikon tdkci saljs hg whhm

lom l sdlpfr, K jukat up tdf ehamkon grhe selaafr strkps, wdkcd

K prhgkafm komkvkmulaay uskon l rhutfr. ^dfo naufm thnftdfr, tdf

komkvkmula strkps ghrefm l ehamkon tdlt ahhifm akif kt

 wls ekaafm grhe hof pkfcf hg shakm

sthci. Ghaahwkon

ey lpprhlcd, uskon bust l jlskc rhutfr, l gfw rhutfr jkts,

rhutfr tljaf, yhu clo crfltf ehamkons hg laehst kogkoktf v wdkcd wkaa fodlocf tdf lppflrlocf hg yhur whri.

Elif tfepaltfs grhe tdf rhutfr-jkt prhgkafs]dfrf lrf twh wlys th cdhhsf lpprhprkltf ehamkons ghr l p

Hof wly ks th rfsflrcd tdf ehamkons trlmktkholaay usfm h

styaf hg gurokturf yhu lrf jukamkon lom th elif sheftdkon s

]df sfchom wly ks th crfltf yhur hwo mfskno. L mffp e

crfltfs lo fafnlot choclvf prhgkaf suktljaf ghr ehrf ghre

tlkafm gurokturf. L chovfx sdlpf elifs l jhamfr stltfefo

suktljaf th dflvkfr, chuotry-styaf gurokturf.

 Lgtfr yhu dlvf l nfofrla mfskno, mrlw l gua

rfctlonaf tdlt eltcdfs tdf dfkndt lom mfptd

ehamkon. ]dfo aly tdf rhutfr jkts yhu kotfom lnlkost shef tdko clrm

lom trlcf tdfkr prhgkaf

Pdhths, fxcfpt wdfrf ohtfm2 Elri Scdhgkfam9 tdks plnf2 Zhmofy Mklz9 mrlwkons2 CduciG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N>:

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

Vokquf

Ehamkons]df sfcrft ks chejkokon euatkpaf

rhutfr prhgkafs ko l stlci hg pkfcfs

J [ L A L O C D L Z O F [

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l pfocka. Cut hut flcd prhgkaf th crfltf tfepaltfs tdlt clo

jf lrrlonfm ho tdf guaa-sclaf rfctlonaf uotka yhu lrrkvf

lt l mfskno tdlt eltcdfs yhur nhla.

Paly wktd tdf mfptds hg cut lom tdf phsktkhos hg flcd

cut, lom lash try gakppkon shef jkts jy ;0°. ]df ehst

usfgua rhutfr jkts lrf S-sdlpfm2 ]dfy ghaahw l curvf,

nhkon grhe tdkci th tdko. ]dfsf kocaumf fmnf-ghrekon

jkts, sucd ls hnff, rhuomhvfr, lom chvf jkts, paus plofa-

rlkskon jkts. Zhuom-ohsf lom W-nrhhvf styaf jkts lash

 whri wfaa ghr crfltkon prhgkafs.

Cdhhsf sthci wktd uokghre nrlko lom chahr 

]h elif tdf ehamkon ahhi ls kg kt wfrf crfltfm grhe l skonaf pkfcfhg whhm, tdf strkps offm th eltcd ko chahr lom nrlko plttfro. ]df

flskfst wly th lcdkfvf tdks ks th tlif laa hg tdf strkps grhe hof wkmf

jhlrm tdlt ks uokghre ko lppflrlocf. Lohtdfr wly ks th usf jhlrms

tdlt wfrf cut grhe tdf slef trff, prfgfrljay ko sfqufocf.

Shef rhutfr jkts, sucd ls plofa rlksfrs, dlvf ahonfr prhgkafs lom

sheftkefs rfqukrf l tdkcifr jhlrm tdlo K dlvf ho dlom. Kg yhu

offm th bhko thnftdfr twh jhlrms, eltcdkon tdf nrlko ks cruckla.

Cut l strlkndt-nrlko jhlrm ko dlag, lom tdfo gakp hvfr hof hg tdf

dlavfs hoth tdf htdfr th crfltf twh lmblcfot alyfrs wktd eltcdkon

nrlko lom chahr. [hu clo usf tdf slef trkci wktd gknurfm jhlrms,

jut jfclusf pfrgfct nrlko-eltcdkon ks laehst kephsskjaf, yhu ely

dlvf th rfay ho selaa stfps, hr rfvflas, jftwffo alyfrs hg ehamkon

th chocfla chotrlstkon nrlko plttfros.

Cut prhgkafs ho tdf rhutfr tljaf]dfrf ks oh offm th juy lo fxpfoskvf hr shpdkstkcltfm rhutfr

tljaf. Ekof dls sdhrt afns tdlt laahw ef th palcf kt ho thp hg ey

jfocd wdfo ko usf lom sthrf kt lwly wdfo K‛e mhof. Ehst hg tdf

jkts K usf dlvf jflrkons, lom hgtfo K usf tdfe wktdhut l gfocf.

Ghr slgfty‛s slif, dhwfvfr, yhu clo usf l gfocf ghr tdf gkrst gfw

kotfrefmkltf cuts lom tdfo ehvf kt bust jfyhom tdf jflrkon ghr

MFSKNO ]DF EHAMKON

Vsf tdf tfepaltfs th jukam up mkggfrfot ehamkon mfsknos.

Fxpfrkefot wktd l chejkoltkho hg prhgkafs th lrrkvf lt tdf pfrg

mfskno ghr tdf ehamkon.

MKWKMF ]DF

MFSKNO KO]H

SFC]KHOS

Mkvkmf tdf

ehamkon koth

sakcfs tdlt flcd

rhutfr jkt clo

cut. Shakm akofs

mkvkmf tdf pkfcfs

rhutfm sfplrltfay,

lom tdf mlsdfm

akof sdhws wdfrftwh jhlrms eust

jf naufm thnftdfr

th crfltf tdf

ofcfsslry tdkciofss

ghr l alrnf rhutfr-

jkt prhgkaf.

Elif tfepaltfs. ]rlcf tdf prhgkaf hg flcd rhutfr jkt ho

tdko clrmjhlrm th crfltf tfepaltfs ghr tdf ehamkon.

Skonaf

pkfcf

]wh pkfcfs

naufm thnftdfr

jfghrf rhutkon

Skonaf

pkfcf

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tdf gkola cut. Elif surf yhu dlvf fohund mfptd lmbustefot ho

 yhur rhutfr, hocf kt‛s ehuotfm uomfr tdf tljaf, th nft tdf prhgkaf

 yhu wlot.

 ]kps ghr rhutfr slgfty”]h prfvfot tdf selaa strkp grhe jfkon

tdrhwo grhe tdf rhutfr wktd yhur gkonfrs kocdfs grhe kts :6,000-rpe

spkomaf, nauf scrlpwhhm th tdf jlci hg tdf whripkfcf.

Kg yhu usf l gfocf wktd tdf rhutfr tljaf, l plkr hg gfltdfrjhlrms

 wkaa dfap iffp olrrhw sthci laknofm ls kt plssfs hvfr tdf jkt (ghr

ehrf, sff pp. ;0-;3). Lash, mho‛t cut tdf guaa mfptd hg tdf prhgkaf

lt hocf9 tlif sfvfrla plssfs. Vsf flrpauns lom laa rfqukrfm slgfty

fqukpefot. Elif surf tdf rhutfr jkt ks tkndtfofm. Lom ofvfr pusd yhur gkonfrs thwlrm tdf spkomaf9 elif surf tdfy pusd plrlaafa th

tdf whhm‛s ehvfefot. ]dks laahws tdfe th nh plst tdf spkomaf

lom oht koth tdf jkt kg tdf whhm sdhuam sdhht hut summfoay.

 Lssfejaf tdf strkps koth hof ehamkon  Lgtfr cuttkon tdf prhgkafs, rkp lwly tdf scrlpwhhm jlcikon pkfcfs.

Mho‛t whrry ljhut nfttkon lo fvfo surglcf ho tdf jlci hg tdf

ehamkon9 tdlt wkaa chef altfr.

Zfgfr th tdf guaa-skzf mrlwkon th mftfrekof tdf mfptd

rfvfla jftwffo alyfrs hg ehamkon. Kt ks kephrtlot tdlt tdks

hvfralp jf uokghre lahon tdf afontd hg tdf ehamkon. ]d

 wly th fosurf tdks lt nauf-up ks th palcf l afontd hg scrlp

jlrs hg tdf caleps th sdke hof sfctkho hg tdf prhgkaf (sff p

glckon plnf). Lash, put tdf nauf jflm thwlrm tdf jlci

hvfralppfm surglcfs th lvhkm squffzf-hut ko tdf rfvfla ko

 wdfrf kt ks dlrm th rfehvf.

Ofvfr nauf up ehrf tdlo twh pkfcfs lt hocf. ]dks wly y

chocfotrltf ho hof hvfralp lt l tkef th prfvfot ekstlifs. L

tkndtfo tdf caleps, elif surf tdf pkfcfs mho‛t sakmf hut hgefot. Vsf ls eloy caleps ls ofcfsslry th prfvfot lo uo

nlp grhe lppflrkon ko tdf ekmmaf hg tdf ehamkon.

Alst, rkp tdf gkoksdfm ehamkon th tdf chrrfct wkmtd sdhw

tdf hrknkola mrlwkon, fstljaksdkon l galt jlci tdlt clo jf na

htdfrwksf lttlcdfm th yhur prhbfct.

 Lalo Cdlrofy ks lo fonkoffrkon elolnfr lom lo leltfur whhmwhrif

akvfs oflr Shutd Jfom, Kom.

Zhut tdf gkrst sfctkho. ]df thp sfctkho hg

tdf ehamkon ks l pkfcf hg whhm alrnf fohund

th jf cut slgfay wktdhut tdf lmmktkho hg l

 scrlpwhhm jlcikon jahci. Ghr slgfty‛s slif,

tdhund, yhu clo usf l gfocf ghr tdf gkrst gfw

kotfrefmkltf cuts9 tdfo ehvf tdf gfocf jf- 

 yhom tdf jflrkon ghr tdf gkola cut.

Gffm tdf sthci grhe rkndt th afgt wdfo glckon tdf rhutfr. Nukmf tdf whripkfcf grff-

dlom, elikon sfvfrla plssfs th rfehvf hoay selaa lehuots hg whhm flcd tkef. Ho

hoay tdf alst cut hr twh ks tdf whhm nukmfm jy tdf rhutfr jflrkon.

 Lakno tdf whripkfcf lom rhutfr jkt. Kostflm

hg ahwfrkon tdf jkt lom crfltkon l alrnf dhaf ko

tdf rhutfr tljaf, rlksf tdf whripkfcf jy ruookon

kt lcrhss l tdko sdfft hg efmkue-mfoskty gkjfr- 

jhlrm (EMG) hr dlrmjhlrm calepfm th tdf tljaf.

 Selaa jhlrms offm jlcikon jahcis. 

clusf tdf ahwfst sfctkho hg tdf ehamkon

 sh olrrhw, lttlcd l pkfcf hg scrlpwhhm

iffp gkonfrs lwly grhe tdf rhutfr jkt.

ZHV] ]DF PZHGKAFS

^KMF PZHGKAFS OLZZH^ PZHGKAFS

Loy wkmf pkfcf hg scrlpwhhm clo jf usfm

ls l jlcikon jhlrm ghr l olrrhw ehamkon.

Jut elif surf tdf ehamkon ks dfam ko tdf

chrrfct hrkfotltkho th tdf rhutfr jkt.

]DF KEPHZ]LOCF HG JLCIKON JHLZMS

Jfclusf hg tdf lehuot hg whhm th jf

rfehvfm jy tdf plofa-rlkskon jkt, tdks

sfctkho rfqukrfs tdlt sfvfrla pkfcfs hg

scrlpwhhm jf naufm th kt ghr stljkakty

lom slgfty murkon rhutkon.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N>=

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Hof stfp lt l tkef. Nauf thnftdfr hoay twh

 sfctkhos lt l t kef (ljhvf) lom cdfci tdf bhkot

clrfguaay ls prfssurf ks lppakfm. ]h fstljaksd tdf

rfvfla jftwffo twh sfctkhos hg ehamkon, usf l

 splcfr hg tdf chrrfct tdkciofss (rkndt).

Chotkouf lmmkon sfctkhos. Jfclusf loy nlps

jftwffo sfctkhos hg ehamkon wkaa jf chospkcu- 

hus, usf ouefrhus caleps th lppay fvfo prfs- 

 surf hvfr tdf wdhaf afontd.

NAVF VP ]DF S]ZKPS

Jfghrf tdf strkps hg ehamkon lrf naufm

thnftdfr, rkp lwly tdf scrlpwhhm jlcikon

jahcis. ]dfo prhcffm ls sdhwo.

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 ^ dfo tdf tlai turofm th thh

rfcfot whhmwhrifrs‛ ef

K surprksfm eysfag jy o

rhutfr tfepaltfs ls ey glvhrktf. Mh

ef wrhon2 K ahvf dlom thhas lom usfchostlotay, jut ey whri whuam j

fggkckfot lom afss prhgktljaf wktdhu

skepaf jut vfrsltkaf bkns.Elikon tdf tfepaltf ktsfag laahws

crfltf lom gkof-tuof gurokturf ghres

cuttkon koth fxpfoskvf sthci. ]fepal

ef sff tdf mfskno guaa-skzf lom ko r

th tdf htdfr plrts hg l pkfcf, oht th

tkho tdlt tdfy elif kt flsy th rfpr

kmfotkcla plrts. Laehst laa tfepaltf-rhutkon hpfr

rfqukrf hoay l dlomgua hg thhas, koc

l rhutfr, twh cheeho jflrkon-nukmf

l jlomslw, l slomfr, lom l sdhpelm

paltf. ktd tdhsf ktfes lom l gfw mr

thhas, sucd ls l cheplss hr fvfo curvfs, yhu lrf guaay fqukppfm th

loy tfepaltf-rhutkon bhj.

Elikon l tfepaltf]fepaltfs clo jf elmf grhe lo

sdfft eltfrkla wktd fohund strfont

tdkciofss th nukmf tdf jflrkon ho ljkt. Ko l pkocd K‛vf fvfo usfm scrl

plofakon lom ham crltf auejfr, ju

lrf jfttfr cdhkcfs. Elkoay, K usf

tdkci Elshoktf ghr hof-hggs lom <  ⁍  =-ko

Jlatkc-jkrcd paywhhm ghr prhmuctkh

paltfs tdlt offm th alst. Jhtd eltfrkla

tdf jlskc cdlrlctfrkstkcs hg mkefo

stljkakty lom choskstfocy (oh dlrm

sphts), lom lrf rflmkay lvlkaljaf.Mrlw tdf plttfro”]rustkon yh

ks tdf qukcifst rhutf th nfttkon tdf

 yhu wlot ko l tfepaltf, jut mrlwko

 wkaa dfap.K usulaay jfnko jy siftcdkon tdf tfe

plttfro mkrfctay ho tdf surglcf hg tdf

pkfcf, fspfcklaay wdfo K‛e whrikon

sfrvf tdf nrlko ko l plrtkcualr jhlrm

K‛e sltksgkfm wktd tdf sdlpf, K trlosg

tdf tfepaltf sthci. ^dfo mrlwkon tdf plttfro ho td

paltf, kt‛s l nhhm kmfl th lmm lt afls

Pdhths2 Eltt Jfrnfr9 mrlwkons2 Wko

]dfsf nukmfs aft yhu

crfltf fafnlot curvfs

lom gurokturf plrts 

J [ M H V N P F ] F Z E L O

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N>7

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

Zhutfr ]fepaltfs

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hg eltfrkla aflm-ko lom fxkt jfyhom tdf whripkfcf fmnf wdfrfvfr phsskjaf. ^ktd-

hut kt, tdf jkt clo cltcd ls yhu try th elif

tdf gkrst chrofr hg tdf tfepaltf efft tdfjflrkon. Jfakfvf ef, K‛vf mhof kt.

 ^dftdfr yhu mrlw l plttfro grffdlom

hr wktd mrlwkon thhas, yhu hgtfo wkaa jf

afgt wktd juepy akofs lom rhund trlosktkhos

tdlt offm th jf sehhtdfm hut. ]df trkci

th lcdkfvkon l sehhtd, hr glkr, curvf ks th

nft yhur fyfs rkndt mhwo oflr tdf mrlwkon

surglcf lom ahhi lahon tdf akof. Jueps

lom mkps lrf flsy th sff, jut lash ahhi ghr

trlosktkhos tdlt lrf thh ljrupt. hri yhur wly lahon tdf akof, rfgkokon kt uotka tdf

curvfs lrf glkr.Zhund-cut ho tdf jlomslw, tdfo

slom” ^dfo rhund-cuttkon tdf tfepaltf,

iffp tdf jalmf ljhut < ⁍ <7 ko. grhe tdf pfocka

akof th aflvf fohund sthci ghr slomkon lom

gkola sehhtdkon.

]h nft th tdf gkola sdlpf, usf l stltkholry

jfat slomfr. K usf twh”l 7-ko. jfat lom l

<-ko. jfat”lom ruo jhtd wktd tdf tljaf pfr-

pfomkcualr th tdf vfrtkcla jfat. Ghr tkndt

koskmf curvfs, l slomkon mrue ehuotfm ko

tdf mrkaa prfss ks kmfla.Phwfr slomkon th l akof kovhavfs l gfw

skepaf ruafs. Gkrst, iffp tdf eltfrkla ehv-

kon sehhtday wktd fvfo spffm lom akndt

prfssurf. Ofvfr aft kt sthp. Sfchom, ghr hptk-

ela chotrha, try th dlvf tdf wlstf chef hgg

sh tdlt yhu dkt tdf akof bust ls tdf tfepaltfplssfs tdf trlkakon fmnf hg tdf jfat hr tdf

cfotfr hg tdf mrue. ]dks nkvfs yhu hof

spht th wltcd lom tdf cheghrt tdlt tdf rfst

hg tdf ljrlskvf jfat ks slgfay cuttkon wlstf.

Gkolaay, whri ho jueps lom mkps jy slom-

kon tdf lrfls lrhuom tdfe. Stlrt jfghrf tdf

gluat, slom sehhtday tdrhund kt, lom clrry

ho l jkt jfyhom.

Kg yhu mho‛t dlvf phwfr-slomkon fqukp-

efot, tfepaltfs clo jf sehhtdfm jy dlom,

uskon fktdfr gkafs hr slomplpfr. K prfgfr gkafs

jfclusf kt‛s flskfr th iffp l squlrf

 wktd tdfe. Vsf l galt gkaf lahon tdf fm

chovfx curvfs, lom l dlag-rhuom hr

gkaf phkotfm mklnholaay lcrhss tdf tfe

jut stkaa ehvkon lahon tdf fmnf ghr ch

lrfls. Slom ls tdf alst stfp kg yhu

jut usf l vfry gkre hr dlrm jahci thrhuomkon tdf fmnf. ]h cdfci yhur

sakmf yhur dlom hvfr tdf gkoksdfm p

ELIKON L SEHH]D ]F EPAL]F

Nauf scrlp jahcis th tdf tfepaltf. ]df

 prfvfot tdf jkt grhe cdkppkon lwly tdf chro

tdf whripkfcf upho fxkt lom fotry.

Cut lom slom tdf tfepaltf. Lgtfr rhundkon hut tdf tfepaltf ho tdf jlomslw”cuttkon <  ⁍  <7 ko.

hutskmf tdf akof”sehhtd tdf tfepaltf th kts gkola sdlpf uskon l jfat slomfr (afgt) ghr g alt hr cho- 

vfx lrfls lom l mrue slomfr (rkndt) ghr koskmf curvfs. Sujtaf krrfnualrktkfs lrf mkggkcuat th sff, sh

kospfct yhur tfepaltf ghr mkps lom jueps jy ruookon yhur dlom lcrhss kts fmnf.

Cut tdf whripkfcf ho l

jlomslw th wktdko< ⁍ <7 ko.

hg kts gkola sdlpf.

^hripkfcf

Scrlp jahcis dfap p

jahwhut ls tdf jkt f

lom fxkts tdf whrip

Sfcurf tdf

whripkfcf wktd

mhujaf-glcfm tlpf.

]fepaltf

Fxtrl

eltfrkla

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gkom loy jueps hr mkps. Sehhtd tdf

ls offmfm.

Vskon tdf rhutfr tfepaltfs ^dfo rhutkon l whripkfcf wktd l tfe

K usf jflrkon-nukmfm strlkndt jktlrf iohwo ls gausd-trkeekon jkts

tdf jflrkon ks ho tdf tkp, lom pltt

tfepaltf jkts wdfo tdf jflrkon ks sdloi. [hu offm hof hg flcd typf

lrf <  ⁍  :-ko. jkts wktd l cuttfr afontd h

 ^dfo uskon tdfsf strlkndt jkts wktpaltfs tdlt lrf fxlctay tdf skzf hg t

ksdfm pkfcf, tdfrf‛s oh offm th lmm

ghr l jusdkon, lom oh whrrkfs tdlt l

kon ely jf hgg cfotfr.]df jflrkons sdhuam jf tdf slef

ftfr ls tdf cuttfr pltd th prhmucf l

cut. ]h tfst tdfe, elif hof plss wkt

tdf jkt rkmkon ho tdf tfepaltf fmnf,

sfchom plss wktd tdf jflrkon rkmkon

surglcf tdlt wls bust cut. ]dfrf sdhoh stfp jftwffo tdf gkrst cut lom td

hom cut. Kg tdf jflrkon dls afgt lo ke

]h lvhkm tflrhut wdfo tdf nrlko

cdlonfs mkrfctkho ho l whripkfcf,

gakp tdf pkfcf hoth kts hpphsktf skmf

th rfvfrsf tdf mkrfctkho hg tdf cut.

Kostflm hg rfehvkon tdf tfepaltf

lom rfehuotkon kt ho tdf htdfr skmf,

swktcd grhe l plttfro jkt th l gausd-

trkeekon jkt.

^ktd tdf tfepaltf

ho tdf uomfrskmf

hg tdf whripkfcf,

usf tdf plttfro jkt th

rhut laa hg tdf lrfls

wdfrf tdf jkt ks

cuttkon ko tdf slef

mkrfctkho ls tdf nrlko.

Aflvf tdf rfelkokon

lrfls uocut.

^hripkfcf

Gffm

mkrfctkho

]fepaltf

Jkt

Nukmf

jflrkon

JFNKO ^K]D ]DF ]FEPAL]FHO ]DF JH]]HE

^ktd tdf tfepaltf

ho thp hg tdf whri- 

 pkfcf, usf tdf

gausd-trkeekon jkt

th rhut tdf rfelkokon

lrfls ko tdf hpphsktf

mkrfctkho.

GAKP ]DF ^HZIPKFCFLOM CDLONF ]DF JK]

^hripkfcf

]fepaltf

Jkt

Nukmfjflrkon

Lrfl

hg cut

]fepaltf

ho thp

 ]FEPAL]F ZHV]KON

Gffm

mkrfctkho

^hripkfcf

ho thp

Lrfl

hg cut

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N>4

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skho wdfrf kt rhaafm lahon tdf cut surglcf,

kt eflos yhur rhutfr dls fxcfsskvf ruohut,

 yhu dlvf l jlm jflrkon, hr tdf jkt mhfs ohtruo truf. Ko laa hg tdfsf clsfs, tdf jflrkon

ks lctkon akif l dleefr ls kt swkons lrhuom

bust hgg tdf cfotfr hg rhtltkho.Sfcurf tdf tfepaltf th tdf whri-

pkfcf”Ghr qukci hof-hgg rhutkon, lttlcd

l tfepaltf wktd mhujaf-glcfm tlpf hr l gfw

nahjs hg dht-efat nauf.

Kg K dlvf th elif sfvfrla plrts wktd tdf

slef tfepaltf, K try th usf caleps (sdhp-elmf cle, wkon outs hr iohjs, thnnaf

calep, ftc.) th dham tdf whri. Wlcuue

calepkon whris wfaa ghr prhmuctkho pkfcfs

 wdfrf yhu offm 370° lccfss th tdf pkfcf.Spfckla offms claa ghr crfltkvkty2 ]fepaltfs

clo jf elmf koth twh-skmfm bkns hr bkns

tdlt jhx ko l pkfcf”loytdkon th nft tdftfepaltf sfcurfay ko palcf.

 ]rke tdf wlstf ho tdf jlomslw” ^ktd

tdf tfepaltf lttlcdfm th tdf whripkfcf,usf l jlomslw th cut lwly tdf juai hg

tdf wlstf. Cut th ljhut <  ⁍  <7  ko. grhe tdf

akof laa lrhuom th rfmucf rhutkon tkef. K

usfm th aflvf ehrf whhm lom dhn kt hgg

 wktd tdf rhutfr, jut tdhsf dflvy cuts shef-tkefs rlksfm cdkps tdlt rlo koth tdf nrlko

jfahw tdf tfepaltf fmnf. Ghr qukci trke-

ekon”fspfcklaay dlomy wdfo prhmuckoneuatkpaf chpkfs hg l tfepaltf”K lttlcd l

gkonfr nukmf th tdf jlomslw tljafthp th

iffp tdf tfepaltf < ⁍ <7 ko. grhe tdf jlom-slw jalmf. ]dks lash fosurfs tdlt tdf cut

stlys ho tdf wlstf skmf hg tdf whripkfcf.

Vsf l rhutfr tljaf lom twh strlkndt

 jkts”K mh ls eucd tfepaltf rhutkon ls

phsskjaf ho tdf rhutfr tljaf. Hoay wdfo

tdf whripkfcf ks thh alrnf th jf chlxfm

lcrhss tdf tljaf wkaa K tlif tdf rhutfr th tdfpkfcf. Sftup ks vfry skepaf2 Bust ehuot tdf

jkt lom rlksf hr ahwfr kt uotka tdf jflrkon

ks akofm up wktd tdf tfepaltf. Ls eucd ls phsskjaf, rhut wktd tdf nrlko.

Kg yhu tdkoi hg tdf nrlko ls l stlci hg pl-

pfr, tdf cuttfr sdhuam jf elikon tdf fmnfhg flcd sdfft akf mhwo, oht akgt up. ]dks

ks wdy yhu offm jhtd typfs hg jflrkon-

nukmfm rhutfr jkts. ]h rhut wktd tdf

ho laa fmnfs hg tdf whripkfcf, yhu

gakp hvfr tdf whripkfcf lom latfroltwffo tdf twh jkts.

Stlrtkon wktd tdf plttfro jkt ko l

tljaf, rhut laa hg tdf lrfls tdlt yh

 wktdhut akgtkon tdf nrlko. Cdlonf th tdf

trkeekon jkt, gakp tdf whripkfcf sh td

tfepaltf ks ho thp, lom rhut tdf rfeuocut lrfls, nhkon wktd tdf nrlko.

dlvf trhujaf iffpkon trlci hg nrlko

tkho, mrlw lrrhws ho tdf whrisurglphkot ko tdf mkrfctkho hg tdf nrlko.

 Lvhkm cakej cuttkon, wdkcd ks wd

jkt spkos ko tdf slef mkrfctkho ls tdf

pkfcf ks jfkon gfm. ]dks ks mlonfrhusdhuam jf lttfeptfm hoay wdfrf lae

hg tdf wlstf dls jffo trkeefm hgg

sh, lawlys lotkckpltf tdf whripkfcf

puaafm ghrwlrm koth tdf cut, lom iff

dloms hut hg tdf jkt‛s pltd.

Mhun Pftfrelo elifs custhe gurokturf ko

dhef whrisdhp ko Strltghrm, Hot., Clolml

]rhujafsdhhtkon cheeho prhjafes

Kg tdf rhutfr jkt sakps, t

jflrkon wkaa ahsf chotl

wktd tdf tfepaltf, lom

tdf cuttfr wkaa mkn kothwhripkfcf. ]h lvhkm td

thund-th-rfplkr ekstli

elif surf tdf rhutfr-

dfkndt ks ahcifm sfcur

lom iffp stflmy prfss

ho tdf whripkfcf wdka

cuttkon.

Jueps hccur wdfo tdf

tfepaltf ahsfs chotlct

wktd tdf jflrkon. ]dks

hgtfo ks clusfm jy cdkps

keplkrkon tdf fmnf hg tdf

tfepaltf. Lash, elif surf

tdf jflrkon ks ruookon

lnlkost tdf tfepaltf lom

oht tdf whripkfcf, lom

tdfo tlif lohtdfr plss.

J V E P S

Juro elris lrf afgt w

tdf whripkfcf ehvfs

sahway plst tdf jkt9 td

sdhw up whrst ho fom

nrlko. ]h lvhkm juroko

tdf gkoksdfm fmnf, eh

tdf whripkfcf ehrf

qukciay plst tdf jkt gh

tdf gkola plss.

]flrhut rfsuats grhe

cuttkon lnlkost tdf nrlko,

wdfo tdf jkt akgts gkjfrs

lom jrflis hgg selaa

cdkps. Zhutkon wktd tdf

nrlko ks tdf skepafst

shautkho. ^dfo rhutkon

dknday gknurfm whhm, yhu

clo lvhkm tflrhut jy

cdlonkon tdf cuttkon

mkrfctkho ehrf grfqufotay.

] F L Z H V] J VZ OK O N

M K P S

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Gfw whhmwhrifrs fobhy tdf auxury hg lsplckhus sdhp, lom K‛e oh fxcfptkho.

Alcikon tdf splcf ghr eloy alrnf el-

cdkofs, K rfay ho ey rhutfr wdfo jukamkon gur-

okturf. Dhwfvfr, usfm ho kts hwo, tdf rhutfr

ks akektfm ko kts ljkaktkfs. Ehrf hgtfo tdlo oht,

K usf kt ko chobuoctkho wktd vlrkhus sdhpelmf

bkns tdlt kocrflsf kts ljkakty th qukciay lom lc-

curltfay cut ckrcafs, elif fmnf prhgkafs, lom

trke fmnf-jlomkon.

]df ghur bkns kaaustrltfm dfrf lrf laa elmf

grhe paywhhm hr efmkue-mfoskty gkjfrjhlrm

(EMG)”jhtd lrf kofxpfoskvf lom stljaf”lom

rfqukrf hoay l gfw pkfcfs hg dlrmwlrf. [hu clohjtlko loy spfcklakzfm dlomafs hr jhats grhe

rftlkafrs sucd ls Aff Wlaafy (www.affvlaafy.

che9 400-4><-4<64) hr Zhciafr (www.rhciafr.

che9 400-:>;-===<). Lom tdfsf rhutfr bkns lrf

ls flsy th usf ls tdfy lrf th elif.

[fuon Cdlo jukams custhe gurokturf ko Ekaajrlf, Clakg.

Pdhths2 Elri Scdhgkfam9 mrlwkons2 BhdoG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N40

L <3  ⁍  =-ko. jrf

ko tdf saht e

tdf bkn‛s str

Nukmfs,

:<  ⁍  : ko. wkmf

jy 6 ko. ahon

Crhsspkfcf,

6 ko. wkmf jy

<: ko. ahon

Cuthut, : ko. mkl.

Zhutfr BknsNft eucd ehrf

grhe yhur rhutfr

wktd flsy-th-elif

lccfsshrkfs

J [ [ F V O N C D L O

Elcdkof scrfw

Out

]wh ehuotkon dhafs aft yhu

whri lrhuom jrflis ko saht.

Pko

Zuoofr

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N40

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]dks bkn clo jf usfm th rhut ckrcafs lom plrtkla ckrcafs wktd l elxke

mkleftfr hg >: ko., jut tdf mfskno clo jf ehmkgkfm ghr htdfr mkleft

Ghr ckrcafs, gkrst mrkaa l < ⁍ =-ko.-mkl. dhaf, < ⁍ = ko. mffp, ko tdf ekmmaf hg tdf w

pkfcf. Kg yhu mho‛t wlot tdf dhaf th sdhw, whri ho tdf uomfrskmf. Ofxt

l phkot ho tdf mfskrfm fmnf hg tdf ckrcaf, palcf tdf safm hvfr tdf jlsf,

tdf bkn‛s pko ko tdf cfotfr dhaf. Ehvf tdf jlsf ko hr hut uotka tdf jkt ks h

elri, tdfo ahci tdf safm.

]uro ho tdf rhutfr lom pauonf mhwo th stlrt lo koktkla cut hg afss tdl

mffp, bust fohund th mfgkof tdf ckrcaf. Vsf l bknslw th cut lwly tdf hut

pkfcfs, aflvkon ljhut < ⁍ 4 ko. hutskmf tdf gkola skzf. ]dks foljafs yhu th s

tdf chrofrs ls tdfy lrf cut hgg. ^ktd ehst hg tdf wlstf rfehvfm, tdf rh

dls th elif hoay l akndt gkola cut. Ho shakm whhm, ply lttfotkho th tdf n

hrkfotltkho lom tdf jkt‛s rhtltkho. Cakej-cut”ehvf tdf rhutfr rkndt th af

hpphsktf tdf ohrela afgt-th-rkndt plttfro”wdfo ofcfsslry th lvhkm tfl

]df gkola cut. ]df rhutfr ohw dls th rfehvf hoay l selaa lehuot hg eltf

crfltkon afss must lom aflvkon l caflo cut.

Zfehvf tdf wlstf. Ghaahwk

trlci afgt jy tdf rhutfr, slw l

tdf wlstf.

Cut pfrgfct ckrcafs lom lrcs

Elif l sdlaahw cut th mfgkof tdf ckrcaf. 

]df koktkla cut elmf wktd tdf rhutfr sdhuam

jf hoay ljhut <  ⁍  4 ko. mffp.

Jlsf, > ko. wkmf jy =< ko. ahon

SAFM MF]LKA

Dlrmwhhm ruoofr,<  ⁍  : ko. sq. jy 6 ko. ahon,

rkmfs ko saht ko jlsf.

Sahts, <  ⁍  = ko. wkmf jy ;<  ⁍  = ko. ahon

wktd l <  ⁍  :-ko.-wkmf jy 3  ⁍  <7-ko.-mffp

nrhhvf ko tdf jhtthe (sff mftlka

jfahw)

Pko, <  ⁍  = ko. mkl. jy lt

aflst :3  ⁍  = ko. ahonPko dhamfr, twh

pkfcfs, flcd : ko.

wkmf jy 6 ko. ahon

^lsdfr

Saht, <  ⁍  : ko. wkmf

Dflm hg elcdkof jhat ks

galttfofm ho twh skmfs

th gkt ko tdf nrhhvf.

Ahcikon scrfw

 Sft tdf skzf hg tdf ckrcaf. ^ktd tdf pko rfnkstfrfm ko tdf cfotfr

hg tdf whripkfcf, ehvf tdf bkn‛s jlsf uotka tdf koskmf fmnf hg tdf

rhutfr jkt ks laknofm wktd tdf mfskrfm hutskmf fmnf hg tdf ckrcaf.

CrhsspkfcfJlsf

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Kt clo jf mkggkcuat th cut l alrnf plofa ho l tljafslw. ]dks skepaf

 bkn clo jf usfm th cut hut l sfctkho grhe l guaa sdfft hg paywhhm hr

EMG hr th caflo up l rhund cut elmf jy l bknslw hr l ckrcualr slw.

Hocf yhu‛vf lssfejafm tdf bkn, ruo tdf rhutfr lahon tdf strlkndt

fmnf hg tdf gfocf th crfltf l eltcdkon strlkndt fmnf ho tdf jlsf. ]h

usf tdf bkn, calep kt lt jhtd foms hg tdf whripkfcf wktd tdf fmnf hg

tdf bkn laknofm wktd tdf mfskrfm cut.

Lawlys usf tdf slef-mkleftfr rhutfr jkt wktd tdks bkn. L selaafr jkt

wkaa cut wkmf hg tdf bkn‛s fmnf,

wdkaf l alrnfr jkt wkaa flt koth

tdf bkn.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N4:

Hof hg tdf dlrmfst plrts hg uskon shakm

whhm th fmnf paywhhm hr alekoltf

plofas ks trkeekon tdf fmnf-jlomkon gausd.

Kg yhu usf l palof, yhu rksi cuttkon tdrhund

tdf tdko paywhhm vfoffr, lom slomkon clo

aflvf crhss-nrlko scrltcdfs ho tdf pay-

whhm. ]dks rhutfr bkn foljafs yhu th qukciay

lom galwafssay trke tdf jlomkon gausd.

Ehuot tdf rhutfr ho tdf bkn, lom sft tdf

mfptd hg tdf jkt sh tdlt kt bust caflrs tdf

paywhhm surglcf. Lmbust tdf nukmf jahci th

lakno tdf jkt sh tdlt tdf clrjkmf tkps

fxtfom bust l dlkr hvfr tdf paywhhm. Calep

tdf nukmf jahci tkndt, lom yhu‛rf rflmy th

stlrt rhutkon.

]h lvhkm tflrhut, yhu wlot th mh l

cakej-cut wktd tdf aflmkon fmnf hg tdf jkt

rhtltkon thwlrm tdf whripkfcf. ]dks clo jf

mlonfrhus kg tdf jkt puaas tdf rhutfr ghrwlrm

uochotrhaaljay. Jut jfclusf tdf lehuot hg

whhm jfkon rfehvfm ks sh selaa, yhu sdhuam

jf ljaf th chotrha tdf rhutfr flskay.Gausd-cut fmnf-jlomkon. ]dks bkn laahw

th cafloay cut shakm-whhm fmnf-jlomkon

wktd l paywhhm plofa.

 ]rke hr cut alrnf plofas

 ]rke fmnf-jlomkon qukciay lom cafloay

Zljjft,<  ⁍  4 ko. mff

jy <  ⁍  4 ko.

wkmf, chaaf

slwmust.

Jlsf, <  ⁍  = ko. tdkci

jy 60 ko. ahon

Gfocf,<  ⁍  : ko. td

:<  ⁍  : ko. w

jy 60 ko

 Strlkndtfo fmnfs. Zhund-cut tdf

 plofa, tdfo caflo up tdf cut wktd

tdks strlkndt-fmnf bkn.

Jfghrf usf, trke tdf jlsf

plrlaafa wktd tdf gfocf.

Fmnf-jlomkon

Paywhhm plofa

Nukmf jahci

]rkeekon

 bkn

Nukmf jahci,<  ⁍  = ko. tdkci jy

:<  ⁍  : ko. wkmf jy

><  ⁍  : ko. ahon,

wktd splcfr,

< ko. tdkci jy

<<  ⁍  : ko. wkmf jy

>

<  ⁍  :

 ko. ahon Cuthut,

: ko. mkl.

]hp lom jhtthe,<  ⁍  :

 ko. tdkci jy><  ⁍  : ko. wkmf

jy <> ko. ahon,

hvfralp jy << ko.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N4:

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P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

]dks bkn laahws yhu th sdlpf rhuom chaueos lom phsts usk

rhutfr. ]h usf tdf bkn, gkrst mrkaa l 6 ⁍ <7-ko.-mkl. dhaf, << ⁍ : ko.

ko flcd fom hg tdf whripkfcf, tdfo kosfrt l stffa rhm th dham

whripkfcf koskmf tdf bkn. Ahci l mrkaa sthp ho flcd fom hg tdf

wdfrf kt fotfrs tdf bkn th prfvfot tdf whripkfcf grhe sdkgtkon

yhu cut. Calep twh whhm nukmf pkfcfs th tdf fmnfs hg tdf r

sujjlsf th rfstrkct tdf rhutfr‛s skmf-th-skmf ehvfefot.

]uro ho tdf rhutfr, sahway pauonf mhwo, lom ehvf tdf rhutf

wly up lom mhwo tdf bkn ls yhu sahway rhtltf tdf whripkfcf. L

kocrflsf tdf mfptd hg cut, yhu‛aa crfltf l cyakomfr. ]dfo rfpflt

prhcfss ho tdf htdfr dlag hg tdf whripkfcf. ]drhundhut tdf pr

elif selaa cuts ghr l jfttfr gkoksd lom l slgfr hpfrltkho.

[hu clo lmlpt tdks bkn th crfltf mkggfrfot turokons. Hggsft

dhaf lt hof fom hg tdf bkn th elif tlpfrfm turokons, hr calep

jahcis th tdf ahon skmfs hg tdf bkn th prhmucf sthppfm turokon

Kg yhu mfskno tdf bkn wktd nfotay curvkon skmfs, tdf whripkfcf

jfchef ghhtjlaa sdlpfm ls kt ks turofm.

Elif turokons wktd l rhut

Zhutfr-cut turokons. Jy nukmkon tdf rhutfr jlci lom ghrtd wdkaf turo- 

kon tdf whripkfcf, l squlrf jaloi nrlmulaay jfchefs l cyakomfr.

]lpfrfm turokons. Ahwfr tdf dhaf

lt hof fom hg tdf bkn th tlpfr tdf

turofm whripkfcf.

 Sthppfm turokons. Calep l sthp

jahci th tdf skmf hg tdf bkn th aflvf

l squlrf sfctkho ho tdf turokon.

Stffa rhm,6  ⁍  <7 ko. mkl.

Mrkaa sthp ks

tkndtfofm

wktd dfx ify.

^hripkfcf

Nukmf pkfcfs,

calepfm th

sujjlsfZhutfr

sujjlsf

^hripkfcf

]df mkefoskhos hg tdf foms

wkaa vlry lcchrmkon th tdf mk

afontd hg tdf turokon.

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df wlaa ofxt th ey jlomslw ks gfs-

thhofm wktd bkns tdlt fxplom tdf vfr-

sltkakty hg tdf jlskc elcdkof. ]dhund

skepaf th jukam, flcd bkn qukciay lom slgfaymfakvfrs tdf prfcksf rfsuats K mfpfom ho. ]dks

hvfrvkfw prfsfots gkvf hg ey glvhrktfs.

Jukam tdfsf bkns grhe Jlatkc-jkrcd paywhhm

hr efmkue-mfoskty gkjfrjhlrm (EMG), lom

lmbust mkefoskhos th gkt yhur jlomslw. Ghr

tdf bkns th whri chrrfctay, tdf jlomslw‛s

jalmf eust cut plrlaafa th tdf gfocf. ]h

lcdkfvf tdks, K cdfci tdlt tdf jlomslw‛s

tkrfs lrf ko nhhm sdlpf (oh nrhhvfs hr

rkmnfs), tdfo sft tdf gfocf plrlaafa th tdf

ektfr-nlunf sahts. Ofxt, K lmbust tdf lonaf

hg tdf uppfr wdffa. Kg tdf jalmf‛s cfotfr-

akof laknos wktd tdf cfotfrakof hg tdf uppfr wdffa, kt wkaa cut plrlaafa th tdf gfocf.

Cdfci jy rkppkon shef scrlp. [hu‛aa

iohw kt‛s rkndt wdfo tdf jlci hg tdf jalmf

ks cfotfrfm ko kts ifrg. Ghr ehrf ho jlom-

slw sftup, sff pp. 30-36.

Ekcdlfa Ghrtuof mfsknos lom jukams gurokturf ko

Alifgkfam, Hot., Clolml.

Dhw th elif prfcksftlpfrs, ckrcafs,

wfmnfs, lom curvfs

J [ E K C D L F A G H Z ] V O F

]

  Pdhths2 Elrckl Zylo9 mrlwkons2 B

Jlomsl w   BknsJF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N4=

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 Bkn sftup. Lmbust tdf rkp gfocf sh tdlt tdf

 bkn ks laehst thucdkon tdf jalmf. ]dfo calep

mhwo tdf paywhhm nukmf, wdkcd sdhuam bust

laahw tdf bkn th sakmf.

Laht hg whhmwhrifrs cut tlpfrs ho

l tljafslw, jut K tdkoi kt‛s slgfr

lom bust ls glst ho tdf jlomslw. Lom

uoakif l tljafslw, l jlomslw laahws ghr

sthppfm tlpfrfm cuts. Ey lmbustljaf bkn

sakmfs jftwffo tdf jlomslw‛s gfocf lom

l paywhhm nukmf, wdkcd ks lttlcdfm th

tdf tljaf lom prfvfots tdf bkn grhe wlo-

mfrkon koth tdf jalmf. ]wh skekalr bkns,

hof := ko. ahon lom hof =4 ko. ahon,

lccheehmltf mkggfrfot-skzf whripkfcfs.

]hnnaf caleps clo jf usfm th dham loy

afontd hg whripkfcf sfcurfay.

^dfo tlpfrkon ghur skmfs hg, sly, l

tljaf afn, lawlys rhtltf tdf sthci sh

tdlt tdf ofway tlpfrfm skmf glcfs up.

]dks wly, ghr tdf gkrst twh cuts, tdf

whripkfcf‛s galt skmfs jflr ho tdf

 bkn lom kts gfocf. Zhtltkon tdf afn

ghr tdf tdkrm cut palcfs l tlpfr

lnlkost tdf gfocf, jut lo hggcut

jftwffo tdf twh wkaa iffp tdf

afn strlkndt. Ghr tdf ghurtd cut,

lo hggcut lt tdf gfocf lom

lohtdfr palcfm jftwffo tdf afn

lom tdf jfm hg tdf bkn wkaa supphrt

tdf afn. ]df hggcuts lrf tlpfm koth

phsktkho sakndtay ghrwlrm hg tdf sthp

th lccheehmltf tdf whhm ahst th tdf

jlomslw ifrg.

Ahcltf tdf tlpfr‛s stlrt. 

tdf jfnkookon hg tdf tlpfr w

tdf fmnf hg tdf bkn lom tknd

kogffm iohj.

Ahcltf tdf tlpfr‛s fom. Elris ho tdf sthci

lakno wktd tdf fmnf hg tdf bkn, wdkcd ks tdf cut

akof. Lgtfr gkxkon tdf hutgffm iohj, lmbust tdf

 sthp th caflr tdf jalmf.

Zkp tlpfrslt loy lonaf

Zljjft, th gkt tljaf fmnf

Paywhhm nukmf, 3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci

jy ; ko. wkmf jy <3 ko. ahon

]drflmfm iohj Lmbustljaf sthp,3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy

< ko. wkmf

jy 6 ko. ahon

Calepkon jahci, << ⁍ : ko. tdkci

jy << ⁍ : ko. wkmf jy <: ko. ahon

Lmdfskvf-jlcifm

slomplpfr

Paywhhm jlsf, 3 ⁍ = ko.tdkci jy 4 ko. wkmf

jy := ko. ahon

< ⁍ =-:0 dlonfr jhat,

:< ⁍ : ko. ahon

Lmbustljaf gfocf,3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy 3 ko.

wkmf jy :6 ko. ahon

Saht, c< ⁍ = ko.

jy <3 ⁍ 4

< ⁍ =-:0 clrrkln

<< ⁍ : ko. ahon

Saht, < ⁍ = ko. wkmf jy 7< ⁍ = ko.

ahon, rfcfssfm ho tdf

uomfrskmf ghr clrrklnf jhat

Pkvht

dhaf

]foho, < ⁍ = ko.

tdkci jy < ⁍ = ko.

mffp, ohtcdfm

ghr dlonfr jhat

Cuthut

ghr tljafthp lmbustfr

<LMBVS]LJAF ]LPFZ

Hof bkn elifs tlpfrs ko l

hg afontds lom lonafs.

Cuthut ghr

jalmf

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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]dks ks l usfgua bkn tdlt‛s lash guo.

]df whripkfcf turos ho tdf bkn‛s

pkvht phkot lom cuts ckrcafs lom

lrcs wktd l wkmf rlonf hg rlmkk. Ktdrflm tdf bkn wktd l < ⁍ =-:0 tlp, sh

kt wkaa lccheehmltf loy skzf pkvht

phkot K clrf th nrkom grhe l jhat. ]dfy

clo rlonf grhe tdf guaa < ⁍ =-ko. mkleftfr

ghr dflvkfr pkfcfs th l offmaf phkot ghr

mfakcltf whri. ]h lvhkm l cfotfr elri

ho tdf sthci, lttlcd l slcrkgkckla sur-

glcf th tdf uomfrskmf hg tdf whripkfcf

wktd mhujaf-skmfm tlpf.

]df pkvht phkot ks ko l sakmkon lre

mhvftlkafm koth tdf jhmy hg tdf bkn. ]dks

lre clo jf ehvfm nfotay ghrwlrm wdkaf

yhu rhtltf tdf sthci koth tdf jalmf,

koktklaay crfltkon l spkrla-sdlpfm cut.

L sthp jahci calepfm th tdf hutjhlrm

fom hg tdf lre dkts tdf jhmy hg tdf bkn

wdfo yhu rflcd tdf chrrfct rlmkus, lom

hoay tdfo mhfs tdf

jalmf jfnko th cut

ko l ckrcaf.

Elif tdf trlci

lom sakmkon lre hg

l dlrm lom stljaf

whhm. ]df sakmkon

lre lom trlci lrf

mhvftlkafm sh tdlt

tdf lre mhfs oht tkp

hut hg tdf trlci, lom

tdf jflrkon surglcfs

lrf wlxfm. ]df trlci

chuam jf mhvftlkafm

mkrfctay koth tdf jhmy hg tdf bkn, jut kt ks

flskfr lom wkaa rfelko ehrf lccurltf kg

l strkp hg dlrmwhhm ks mhvftlkafm, tdfo

sft koth l mlmh.

Iffp ko ekom2 ]df jlomslw jalmf

eust jf olrrhw fohund th cut tdf

mfskrfm rlmkus, lom tdf cuttkon fmnf

hg tdf tfftd eust lakno wktd tdf cfotfr-

akof hg tdf pkvht phkot ho tdf sakmkon

lre. Kg tdf pkvht ks ghrwlrm hr jlci hg

tdf tfftd, tdf jalmf wkaa oht cut grffay

lom tdf ckrcaf wkaa oht jf truf.

 Lttlcd tdf sthp. Lgtfr eflsur- 

kon tdf mkstlocf grhe tdf pkvht

 phkot th tdf jalmf (ckrcaf rlmkus),

calep tdf sthp ho tdf uomfrskmf

hg tdf lre lt tdf fom hg tdf

 nukmf trlci (ljhvf afgt).

Kotfrcdlonfljaf pkvht

 phkots. Pkvhts clo jf ls selaa

ls l sdlrp phkot, hr alrnfr ghr

dflvkfr whripkfcfs.

Elif ckrcafshg laa skzfs

 Spkrla koth tdf ckrcaf. ^ktd tdf

 slw ruookon, nfotay pusd tdf lre

ghrwlrm wdkaf rhtltkon tdf sthci

koth tdf jalmf (ljhvf rkndt). Hocf

tdf sthp rflcdfs tdf fom hg tdf

 nukmf trlci, tdf jalmf stlrts th

cut tdf lctula ckrcaf (rkndt).

Mlmh,

jy < ⁍ = 

Calepkon jahci,

<6 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci jy <6 ⁍ 4 ko.

wkmf jy <: ko. ahon

Paywhhm jlsf,3 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci jy

<: ko. wkmf

jy :0 ko. ahon

Dlrmwh

lre, < ⁍ = 

jy << ⁍ 4 k

:; ko. ah

Dlrmwhhm trlci, 3 ⁍ 4 k

jy <3 ⁍ = ko. wkmf jy ::

naufm th paywhhm jl

Sdlrp

pkvht

phkot

Zljjft, th tljaf fmnf

Sthp jahci wktd

lmdfskvf-jlcifm

slomplpfr ks calepfm

th sakmkon lre.

Cuthut ghr

tljafthp lmbustfr

Lre sakmfs koth

mhvftlkafm trlci.

:CKZCAF-CV]]KON BKN

]df sakmkon pkvht lre ho tdks bkn laahws cuttkon

ckrcafs hg loy mkleftfr yhur sdhp lom yhur

jlci clo dlomaf.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N47 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N47

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]dks skepaf lom slgf bkn laahws tdf

cuttkon hg kmfotkcla wfmnfs. ]df

 bkn rkmfs lnlkost tdf gfocf, wdkcd ks

sft sh tdlt tdf jalmf bust ekssfs tdf

 bkn. Ohtcdfs tdf skzf lom sdlpf hg tdf

wfmnfs lrf cut ko tdf bkn, lom tdfy dham

tdf sthci ls kt‛s cut. Ls l ofw skzf hg

wfmnf ks offmfm, K lmm l ofw ohtcd th

tdf bkn. Ghr rfpflt prhbfcts, flcd ohtcd

ks aljfafm wktd tdf prhbfct olef lom

tdf mkefoskhos hg tdf wfmnf.

K stlrt wktd l pkfcf hg sthci tdlt‛s

crhsscut th tdf afontd hg tdf wfmnf,

lom gakp tdf jaloi hvfr wktd fvfry

cut. ]df EMG jlsf sfrvfs ls l zfrh-

caflrlocf tdrhlt paltf tdlt sthps tdf

wfmnfs grhe jkomkon ko tdf jlomslw‛s

ehrf hpfo tdrhlt paltf. ^dfo tdf

sthci nfts thh selaa th dlomaf slgfay,

K swktcd th l ofw pkfcf hr usf l

pusd stkci.

 Selaa wfmnfs rfqukrf l zfrh-caflrlocf

tdrhlt paltf. Lttlcd l pkfcf hg <  ⁍  = -ko. EMG ho

tdf tljaf wktd mhujaf-skmfm tlpf th prfvfot

 pkfcfs grhe nfttkon trlppfm ko tdf tdrhlt paltf.

Cut selaawfmnfs slgfay

Cut ohtcdfs ho tdf bkn grffdlom. Mrlw tdf

wfmnf ho tdf bkn, jy trlckon kt hr jy mftfreko- 

kon kts lonaf hr kts afontd lom wkmtd. Caflray

elri tdfsf eflsurfefots ho tdf bkn.

]df fmnf-h-eltkc. Pal

tdf ahon-nrlko fom hg tdf

 sthci lnlkost tdf ahon f

hg tdf ohtcd. Gakp tdf sth

ghrwlrm wktd flcd plss.

Paywhhm bkn,< ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy

=< ⁍ = ko. wkmf jy

:< ko. ahon

I

j

j

EMG jlsf, < ⁍ =

Lmdfskvf-jlc

tlpf sfcurfs

th tljaf.

Chuotfrsuoi

scrfw

^hhmfo

iohj

3]FOHO ^FMNF BKN

Sakmkon ho lo EMG jlsf lom nukmfm

jy tdf slw‛s gfocf, tdks bkn elifs

qukci whri hg wfmnfs.

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G konfr bkns lrf usfm th nukmf clrf-

guaay elmf plttfros ho tdf jlom-

slw. ]df gkonfr splcfs tdf plttfro bust

sakndtay lwly grhe tdf jlomslw jalmf,

aflvkon l selaa lehuot hg eltfrkla th jf

whrifm jy dlom, hr ls K grfqufotay mh,

sdlpfm jy l rhutfr hutgkttfm wktd l gausd-

trkeekon jkt. ]df plttfro whris wktd

jhtd tdf jlomslw lom tdf rhutfr. ]dks ks

l nrflt tfcdokquf ghr elikon euatkpafs

hg curvfm cdlkr plrts sucd ls rlkas hr

strftcdfrs.

]df jalmf ks phsktkhofm wktdko tdf

ohtcd lt tdf fom hg tdf gkonfr. ]df

mkstlocf tdf gkonfr prhtrumfs plst tdf

jalmf mftfrekofs tdf lehuot hg whhm

hvfrdlonkon tdf fmnf hg tdf plttfro

wdfo tdf cut ks chepaftf. ]df foms

hg tdf gkonfr sdhuam jf curvfm sakndtay

tkndtfr tdlo loy curvf ho tdf plttfro.

Skepaf, sdlaahw curvfs clo jf jlom-

slwo jy calepkon tdf gkonfr bkn mkrfctay

th tdf tljaf, lom lggkxkon tdf sthci

ljhvf tdf plttfro (sff pdhths, jfahw).

Ghr chepafx curvfs, kt ks jfttfr th phsk-

tkho tdf plttfro lom tdf gkonfr bkn ljhvf

tdf sthci sh tdlt tdf chotlct jftwffo

tdf gkonfr lom plttfro ks vkskjaf (sff glc-

kon plnf). Kt‛s l akttaf

trkcikfr th sfcurf tdf

sthci th tdf plttfro

ko tdks clsf. Kg yhu

mho‛t ekom tdf dhafs,

scrfws tdrhund tdf

glcf hg tdf sthci

clo jf usfm. Kg dhafs

lrf l prhjafe, dham

tdf sthci th tdf plt-

tfro wktd wfmnfs hr

mhwfas.

Slgfay rfprhmucfcurvfm sdlpfs

]df ohtcdfm gkonfr bkn

 surrhuoms tdf jalmf. 

Ghr skepaf curvfs, tdf

gkonfr rfsts ho tdf

tljaf, lom l sdhrt jhat

dhams kt ko tdf mlmh hg

tdf calepkon jahci.

Mlmh, <3 ⁍ = ko.

wkmf jy < ⁍ = ko.

mffp

< ⁍ =-:0 dlonfr

jhat, :<

 ⁍ : ko. ahon

Saht, < ⁍ = ko. wkmf

jy < ko. ahon

Paywhhm gkonfr, < ⁍ : ko.

tdkci jy <3

 ⁍ = ko. wkmfjy ;3 ⁍ = ko. ahon

Lmdfskvf-jlcifm

slomplpfr

Dlrmwhhm strkp,3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy :< ⁍ = ko.

wkmf jy :3> ⁍ 4 ko. ahonEMG jlsf,3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci

Dlrmwhhm calepkon jahci,

<< ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy << ⁍ : ko. wkmf

jy <3< ⁍ = ko. ahon

Zljjft, th gkt

tljaf fmnf

=BKN GHZ SKEPAF CVZWFS

L ohtcdfm paywhhm gkonfr caleps th tdf tljaf th nukmf l plttfro, wdkcd dls

tdf whripkfcf calepfm hoth kt.

Sthp

44 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O NG K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N44

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\ukciay caflo up tdf jlomslwo fmnfs. 

 L plttfro-rhutkon jkt rkmfs lahon tdf plttfro

trkeekon tdf whripkfcf th kts gkola sdlpf.

Zlksf tdf gkonfr th cut chepafx curvfs. 

 Lmmkon l jahci th rlksf tdf gkonfr bkn, lom

 palckon tdf plttfro lthp tdf whripkfcf, eli

kt flskfr th iffp tdf plttfro ho trlci.

]hnnaf caleps sfcurf tdf whri. ]df plttfro rkmfs lahon tdf gkon

th nukmf tdf cut. ]df ohtcd ko tdf gkonfr bkn lccheehmltfs tdf jal

 prhtfcts tdf plttfro grhe mlelnf. ]df gkoksdfm cut hvfrdlons tdf

(ljhvf). ]df mkstlocf grhe tdf fom hg tdf gkonfr th tdf tfftd mftfre

tdf wkmtd hg tdf hvfrdlon.

Paywhhm gkonfr,< ⁍ : ko. tdkci jy

:< ⁍ : ko. wkmf jy

<< ko. ahon

Saht, < ⁍ = ko. wkmf

jy 3 ko. ahon

Dlrmwhhm jahci,

sthci tdkciofss

jy <3

 ⁍ = ko. wkmfjy 7 ko. ahon

Paywhhm plttfro, < ⁍ : ko. tdkci,

rkmfs lnlkost tdf gkonfr.

^hhmfo

iohj

Mlmh, <3 ⁍ = ko.

wkmf jy< ⁍ = ko. mffp

Zljjft, th gkt tljaf

fmnf

< ⁍ =-:0 dlonfr

jhat, :< ⁍ : ko. ahon

Calepkon jahci,

<< ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy

<< ⁍ : ko. wkmf jy

<3< ⁍ = ko. ahon

<-ko. mhwfa3 ⁍ 4-ko. mhwfa

Jahcis

(hg sthci

tdkciofss) lom

mhwfas dham

whri.

6BKN GHZ CHEPAFT CVZWFS

Zlkskon tdf nukmf gkonfr lom tdf plttfro elifs chepafx

curvfs flskfr th cut.

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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Sdhpelmf

hr sthrf-jhundt8

K akif elikon gfltdfrjhlrms jfclusf K

clo mh sh qukciay lom cdflpay lom K clo

tlkahr jhlrms th spfckgkc tlsis.

]dlt slkm, tdf elouglcturfm

gfltdfrjhlrms hggfrfm jy phpu-

alr whhmwhrikon cltlahns hggfr

tdfkr hwo lmvlotlnfs.

Flsf hg lmbustefot lom

sftup lrf tdf jknnfst lssfts. Ehst

ehmfas lrf elmf hg dknd-nrlmf palstkc

lom ahci qukciay, loywdfrf lahon l stlomlrm ektfr saht.

L saht cut koth tdf gfltdfrjhlrm laahws rlpkm

lmbustefot ghr sthci wkmtd lom gkonfr prfssurf. Shef

ehmfas (afgt) lash hggfr lo hptkhola dham-mhwo lttlcd-

efot, l gflturf tdlt vlrkfs ko usfguaofss mfpfomkonho tdf wkmtd lom tdkciofss hg yhur sthci. ]df Jfocd

Mhn Gfltdfr-Ahc (cfotfr) prfsfrvfs kts sfttkon wdfo

rfehvfm grhe tdf ektfr saht.

Elnoftkc gfltdfrjhlrms (rkndt) hggfr tdf lmmfm

lmvlotlnf hg kogkoktfay lmbustljaf sftup wktdhut

tdf offm ghr caleps hr ektfr sahts, latdhund l eftla

surglcf ks ofcfsslry.

Gfltdfrjhlrm]dfsf fxtrl dloms elif cuts slgfr,

caflofr, lom ehrf lccurltf

J [ Z H A L O M B H D O S H O

Iffpkon ey gkonfrs lttlcdfm th ey

dloms lom ko nhhm whrikon hrmfr ks

l dknd prkhrkty ko ey whhm whrikon

sdhp. Gfltdfrjhlrms dfap ef mh kt.

 L gfltdfrjhlrm ks skepay l jhlrm wktd

l sfrkfs hg sakts cut koth lo lonafm fom,ghrekon l rhw hg gafxkjaf gkonfrs tdlt ehvf

eucd akif tdf jlrjs hg l gfltdfr. ]df gkonfrs

prhvkmf chostlot prfssurf th dham sthci

gkreay lnlkost tljafthps lom gfocfs, lom

tdf lonaf laahws sthci th plss ko hof mkrfc-

tkho jut rfsksts ehvfefot ko tdf hpphsktf

mkrfctkho. ]dfy mh tdks fspfcklaay w

tdf tljafslw lom rhutfr tljaf.

Jut gfltdfrjhlrms lash kocrflsf tdf

kty hg rhutfr, tljafslw, lom fvfo

cuts. ]dfy elkotlko prfssurf fxlctay

kt ks offmfm th iffp tdf whripkfcf eko lo uowlvfrkon, strlkndt akof. ]d

fspfcklaay dfapgua ghr chotrhaakon tdko

slgfay, l plrtkcualr prhjafe wdfo gf

sthci jy dlom.

]dks nukmf wkaa sdhw yhu dhw th

l gfltdfrjhlrm, lom tdfo hutakof

 Sthrf-jhundt ehmfas hggfr flsf hg usf. Shef lttlcd wktd ektfr-saht lmlptfrs

ghr flskay rfpfltljaf sftups. L elnoftkc gfltdfrjhlrm (rkndt) clo jf palcfm loyw

ho l eftla tljafthp.

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N;0 Pdhths2 Stfvf Schtt9 mrlwkon2 Wko

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fssfotkla gfltdfrjhlrm sftups ho tdf el-

cdkofs wdfrf tdfy lrf usfm ehst hgtfo.

Gfltdfrjhlrms lrf flsy th elif]dfrf lrf l dunf vlrkfty hg sthrf-jhundt

gfltdfrjhlrms, jut K akif th elif ey hwo.

Scrlp dlrmwhhm prhvkmfs l rflmy shurcf

hg eltfrkla. Gafxkjaf whhms akif lsd hr

dkcihry elif tdf jfst gfltdfrjhlrms, jut

loy mfgfct-grff dlrmwhhm wkaa whri wfaa.

 [hu chuam usf l shgtwhhm akif pkof, jut

 yhu‛m wlot th elif tdf gkonfrs sakndtay

tdkcifr. Lvhkm paywhhm hr efmkue-mfoskty

gkjfrjhlrm (EMG)9 tdko gkonfrs hg tdfsf el-

tfrklas jrfli thh flskay.

K elif ehst hg ey gfltdfrjhlrms grhe3 ⁍ =-ko. sthci. ]dks ks tdkci fohund th sup-

phrt ehst whripkfcfs tdlt rfqukrf l gfltdfr-

jhlrm. K sheftkefs usf < ⁍ :-ko. sthci ghr

akndtfr-muty lppakcltkhos. K vlry tdf afontd

lom wkmtd hg tdf jhlrms lcchrmkon th ey

spfckgkc offms, jut K rlrfay offm l jhlrm

 wkmfr tdlo 4 ko. Ahonfr jhlrms lrf nh

ehuotkon th l tljaf”yhu‛aa wlot tdf

th rflcd th tdf glr skmf hg tdf tljaf sh

dlvf lccfss wktd l stlomlrm calep. S

jhlrms whri jfttfr ko lppakcltkhos

tdfy‛aa jf calepfm th l gfocf.

]df jlomslw ks kmfla ghr eliko

sthppfm cuts offmfm ghr gfltdfrj

jfclusf yhu clo jlci whri flskay

tdf cut. L tljafslw jalmf crfltfs l

ifrg tdlo K akif jftwffo tdf gfltdf

 Stlrt jy elrikon tdf gfocf. Vsf l pfocka akof

th komkcltf tdf grhot fom hg tdf jalmf. Lakno tdf

gfltdfrjhlrm sh tdlt kt mhfso‛t rflcd jfyhom tdks

akof, wdfrf kt chuam pkocd tdf jalmf.

Calep tdf gfltdfrjhlrm ko palcf. Ahwfr tdf

jalmf lom palcf tdf sthci jftwffo tdf gfocf

lom tdf gfltdfrjhlrm. Soun tdf gfltdfrjhlrm

lnlkost tdf sthci ls yhu tkndtfo tdf calep.

 L jrlcf iffps tdf gfltdfrjhlrm grhe pkvht- 

kon. Pusd tdks jhlrm sounay koth phsktkho lnlkost

tdf gfltdfrjhlrm ls yhu tkndtfo tdf calep.

 L skepaf sftup ghr   rkppkon olrrhw sthci

Phsktkho tdf

gfltdfrjhlrm sakndtay

ldflm hg tdf jalmf, lom

tkndtay fohund lnlkost

tdf sthci tdlt tdf

gkonfrs gafx ls tdf

 sthci plssfs.

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chursf, yhu clo cut gfltdfrjhlrms jy dlom2

 Bust ehuot tdf jhlrm ko l vksf lom usf l

jlcislw th cut l sfrkfs hg plrlaafa ifrgs.

]h elif l gfltdfrjhlrm, stlrt jy crhss-

cuttkon tdf juskofss fom hg tdf jhlrm lt

lo lonaf. K gkom tdlt lo lonaf hg ljhut 30°

hggfrs tdf jfst chejkoltkho hg chotkouhusskmf prfssurf lom ikcijlci rfskstlocf.

Cuttkon tdf gfltdfrs koth tdf jhlrm‛s fom

nrlko nkvfs tdfe ahon-nrlko strfontd

lom gafxkjkakty sh tdlt tdfy mho‛t solp

uomfr prfssurf. Elif tdf gfltdfrs oh

ahonfr tdlo 3 ko.

Iffp tdf gfltdfrs tdko lom tdf splcfs

jftwffo tdfe olrrhw. Fxpfrkefot wktd

 wdlt whris jfst ghr yhu9 K gkom tdlt tdf

tdkcifst prlctkcla gfltdfr ks ljhut < ⁍ 4  ko.

Kg tdf gfltdfrs lrf elmf loy tdkcifr, tdf

jfomkon lctkho jfchefs thh stkgg, lom kt

ks mkggkcuat th gffm tdf sthci plst tdfe. Ltdkoofr gfltdfr mhfso‛t nkvf yhu ls eucd

prfssurf, jut ho ehst cuttkon hpfrltkhos

tdf prfssurf mhfso‛t offm th jf nrflt. Kt

bust offms th jf choskstfot.

Prhpfr sftup ykfams sehhtd, slgf cutsHo loy elcdkof, stlrt jy palckon tdf

sthci lnlkost tdf gfocf hr ho tdf tljafthp.

Phsktkho tdf gfltdfrjhlrm gkreay lnlkost tdf

sthci, wktd tdf lonafm fom phkotkon ko tdf

gffm mkrfctkho. Sfcurf kt th tdf gfocf hr

tljafthp wktd caleps hr l ektfr-saht dham-

mhwo. ]df gfltdfrjhlrm sdhuam jf palcfm

gkreay fohund th iffp tdf sthci lnlkost

tdf gfocf hr tkndt th tdf tljafthp, jut ohtsh gkreay tdlt kt elifs kt mkggkcuat th gffm

tdf sthci koth tdf cuttfr hr jalmf. Nkvf tdf

sthci l tfst pusd th jf surf.

Phsktkho gfltdfrjhlrms ls cahsf th tdf

cuttfr ls phsskjaf wktdhut puttkon prfssurf

ho tdf cuttfr ktsfag. Ko ehst clsfs, palckon l

gfltdfrjhlrm mkrfctay hpphsktf tdf jalmf hr

cuttfr clo clusf tdf pkfcf th ble mlonfr-

husay hr fvfo ikci jlci, hr tdf cuttfr th

tlif thh mffp l cut.

Dfrf lrf shef fssfotkla gfltdfrjhlrm

sftups.

 ]df tljafslw”Gfltdfrjhlrms laahwstrlkndtfr, slgfr cuts wdfo rkppkon ahon,

olrrhw sthci, wdfo cuttkon rljjfts hr

pahwkon mlmhfs ko olrrhw sthci, hr wdfo

cuttkon tlaa sthci akif mhhr plofas tdlt

ekndt rhci lnlkost tdf thp hg tdf gfocf.

Ghr rkppkon, K lppay skmf prfssurf wktd l

ahon gfltdfrjhlrm tdlt K calep th tdf tljaf-

thp. Mhwowlrm prfssurf chefs grhe l

pusd stkci. Lppay skmf prfssurf hoay

kogffm skmf9 prfssurf ho tdf hutgff

 wkaa clusf tdf sthci th pkocd tdf ja

 ^dfo cut tkon rljjfts, K cale

gfltdfrjhlrms hoth lo luxkaklry gf

lppay mhwowlrm prfssurf lt tdf mlm

tfr (jrflikon tdf mkrfct-prfssurf ruaho tdf hutgffm skmf hg kt. Kg yhur slw

Jkfsfefyfr-styaf gfocf, jf surf th

mhwo kts jlci fom, jfclusf tdf gfocf

mfocy th akgt sakndtay wkaa rfakfvf pr

ho tdf gfltdfrjhlrms lom chuam rfsu

cut hg uofvfo mfptd. Ghr mlmhfs (

tdf nrlko) hr nrhhvfs (wktd tdf nrl

olrrhw sthci, K usf l skonaf gfocf-eh

gfltdfrjhlrm th lppay mhwowlrm pr

ho tdf kogffm skmf hg tdf cuttfr. K la

l tljaf-ehuotfm gfltdfrjhlrm th if

sthci tkndt lnlkost tdf gfocf.

Sthci tdlt ks tlaafr tdlo tdf gfocfskmf prfssurf jhtd jfghrf lom lgt

cut th prfvfot kt grhe pkvhtkon lwl

tdf jalmf. Jut lppaykon tdlt prfssur

tljafthp gfltdfrjhlrms clo clusf tdf

th tkp lwly grhe tdf thp hg tdf gfoc

shautkho ks th akgt tdf gfltdfrjhlrms l

hg kocdfs ljhvf tdf tljaf wktd l cal

jahci (sff pdhth, ljhvf).

Dhamkon sthcilnlkost l gfocf

 Skepaf skmf prfssurf dfaps iffp tdf whripkfcf sfcurf lnlkost tdf

gfocf ho tdf rhutfr tljaf (jfahw) hr tdf tljafslw. ]h rlksf gfltdfr- 

jhlrms hgg tdf tljaf ghr plofas hr htdfr tlaa sthci (rkndt), sfcurf tdfe

wktd whhm scrfws th l ahon calepkon jahci. Elif surf tdf jhlrms skt

oh dkndfr tdlo tdf thp hg tdf luxkaklry gfocf.

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N;:

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 ]df rhutfr tljaf”Kg tdf sthci ks thh olr-

rhw, wkmf, hr sdhrt th whri cheghrtljay”ko

sdhrt, kg chotrhaakon tdf sthci wkaa put gkonfrs

cahsf th tdf cuttfr”gfltdfrjhlrms clo elif

tdf sftup slgfr. Hg chursf, kt‛s jfst th elif

rhutfr cuts ho wkmf jhlrms, lom tdfo rkp hgg

tdf pkfcfs yhu offm. Jut sheftkefs olrrhwhr tdko sthci ks uolvhkmljaf.

 Lttlcd tdf gfltdfrjhlrms th tdf tljafthp

lom gfocf th lppay mhwowlrm prfssurf

lom skmf prfssurf ho tdf kogffm skmf hg

tdf cuttfr. Lppay fktdfr mhwowlrm hr skmf

prfssurf lgtfr tdf cuttfr, mfpfomkon ho

dhw wfaa tdf tljaf hr gfocf supphrts tdf

sthci. Iffp tdf kogffm gfltdfrjhlrms ls

cahsf th tdf cuttfr ls phsskjaf. ]df hutgffm

prfssurf clo jf afss tdlo ho tdf kogffm

skmf9 bust iffp tdf sthci grhe vkjrltkon hr

‑gauttfrkon― lgtfr tdf cuttfrdflm. Kg l sfchom

plss ks offmfm ho l rhutfr tljaf th cut l

ehamkon prhgkaf, sucd ls l rlksfm plofa,

mho‛t lppay mhwowlrm prfssurf oflr tdf

cuttfr ho tdf sfchom plss, hr yhu‛aa tkp tdf

 whri koth tdf cut. ▬ 

Zhalom Bhdosho ks l whhmwhrifr lom thha

fotdusklst ko Slui Zlpkms, Ekoo., lom l

chotrkjutkon fmkthr th Gkof ^hhmwhrikon .

Dhamkon sthcilnlkost l tljaf

Selaa sthcioffms jhtd

typfs hg supphrt

Gfocf-ehuotfm gfltdfrjhlrms lppay prfssurf

grhe tdf thp mhwo. ]dks iffps sthci gkreay lnlkost

tdf tljaf ghr tlsis akif rljjftkon lo fmnf ho tdf

tljafslw (rkndt) hr cuttkon l ehamkon prhgkaf hr

fmnf trfltefot ho tdf rhutfr tljaf (ljhvf).

]hp lom skmf gfltdfrjhlrms kocrflsf

 slgfty lom lccurlcy wdfo whrikon wktd

 selaa, olrrhw sthci. ]df sftup fosurfs l

 strlkndt, galt-jhtthefm mlmh ho tdf tljaf- 

 slw (rkndt) lom l cafloay cut ehamkon hr

fmnf mftlka ho tdf rhutfr tljaf (jfahw).

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]DF SAFM SVPPHZ]S ^LZPFM JHLZMS

L bhkotfr ks tdf prhpfr thha ghr galttfokon l skonaf glcf hgl jhlrm. Jut eloy whhmwhrifrs alci l bhkotfr tdlt clo

dlomaf wkmf jhlrms. ]dks safm supphrts l cuppfm hr jhwfm

jhlrm sh tdf palofr clo lct akif l bhkotfr, prhmuckon l galt

lom strlkndt surglcf. ]df jhlrm tdfo clo jf gakppfm hvfr

lom palofm chovfotkholaay th ekaa kt th gkola tdkciofss.

Pdhths2 Elri Scdhgkfam9 Mrlwkons2 Bhdo

 ^ hrikon wktd wkmf auej

bhy2 ]df gknurf lom cha

sfleafss, bust ls kt clef

ahn. Jut eloy whhmwhrifrs glcf l

afe wdfo kt chefs th galttfokon ho

hg l wkmf jhlrm. f clo rkp tdf jhl

olrrhwfr pkfcfs, usf l 7-ko. hr 4-ko.

lom tdfo rfbhko tdf plrts, jut l p

eltcd ks oht lawlys phsskjaf. ]df l

tkvf ks th dlompalof hof skmf galt.

Ohw, K akif dlompalokon ls eucd ofxt nuy, jut K prfgfr th slvf ey f

lom aft elcdkofs elif auejfr galt, st

lom squlrf. Sh K mfsknofm lo lmbu

safm tdlt laahws ef th glcf-bhkot a

 wktd l tdkciofss palofr. ]df safm ks r

lom qukci th sft up lom lmbust w

uskon loy thhas. ]h elif kt, yhu gkrs

th mftfrekof tdf elxkeue wkmtd td

Nft l galt glcf ho wkmf auejfr

J [ I F K ] D Z V S ]

Jhwfm hr

cuppfm jhlrm

Lmbustljaf

supphrt jahci

Safm ]uros Palofr

koth l Bhkotfr

JF]]FZ ]FCDOK\VFS U

;= G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N

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hg yhur palofr wkaa lccfpt lom dhw ahon l

safm yhu wlot. Ey <:< ⁍ :-ko. phrtljaf palofr

chuam dlomaf l safm hg tdf slef wkmtd, jut

th lvhkm dlvkon thh tkndt l gkt, K hptfm ghrl <:-ko.-wkmf safm.

 ]df safm‛s jhmy eust jf galt lom rknkmK dlm l sdfft hg 6-gt.-sq., < ⁍ :-ko.-tdkci Jlatkc-jkrcd paywhhm, sh K rkppfm twh <:-ko.-

 wkmf pkfcfs tdf guaa afontd th crfltf tdf

uppfr lom ahwfr jfm sfctkhos. Kg yhu

 whri lahof, rfskst tdf tfeptltkho th elif

tdf safm thh ahon lom uowkfamy. Jukam kt

ho l galt surglcf, sucd ls l whrijfocd hr

hutgffm tljaf, th fosurf kt wkaa jf galt.

]df grlef pkfcfs,3

 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy < ko. wkmf, wfrf cut grhe l chupaf hg mry :x=

stums. K rfcfssfm tdf pkfcfs < ⁍ : ko. ho tdf

skmfs lom 3 ko. ho flcd fom sh K chuam

nrkp tdf safm flskay. ]df grlef pkfcfs

lrf naufm lom scrfwfm th tdf uppfr lom

ahwfr jfm sfctkhos.

]df thp hg tdf safm dls l sfrkfs hg supphrtselmf hg dlrmwhhm ekaafm th < ko. sq. ]h

BHKO]FZ SAFM GHZ ]DF PALOFZ

]df jhmy hg tdf safm eust jf

rknkm, mflm galt, lom oht thh

dflvy, wdkcd elifs l thrskho-

jhx mfskno tdf jfst cdhkcf.

]df rhund jhlrm tdlt offms

galttfokon rfsts ho l sfrkfs hg

supphrts tdlt lrf lmbustfm th gkt

tdf jhlrm uskon sakmkon wfmnfs. ^FMNF MF]LKA

Cut su

wfmnfs

 skepaf

wktd l o

ko kt laa

Zust th

 slw eu

<6° wf

ELIKON ]DF ^FMNFSLOM SVPPHZ] JAHCIS

Cut lonafm sahts ko tdf supphrt j

Vsf l safm lonafm lt <6° th cut l sa

tdf uomfrskmf hg tdf supphrt jahci.

Supphrt jahcis,

< ko. sq.

Latfroltf-glckon

dhhis nukmf tdf

juonff chrm.

Stlkr-trflm eltfrkla

lppakfm th thp hg supphrt

jahcis lom jhtthe hgwfmnfs

Mhwfa sfcurfs

flcd fom hg tdf

juonff chrm.

< ⁍ :-ko.-tdkci

paywhhm

Vomfrskmf ks

surglcfm wktd

palstkc alekoltf.

<6°

<6° lonafm

saht

3< ⁍ = ko.

> ⁍ 4 ko.

3 ⁍ = ko.

^fmnfs

]kndtfo scrfw th

 sfcurf wfmnfs.

Grlef pkfcfs, 3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy < ko.

wkmf, lrf naufm lom scrfwfm th

jhtd pkfcfs hg paywhhm.

< ⁍ :-ko. rfcfss

ghr dlomakon

3-ko.

ghr d

Juonff chrm

dfaps th sfcurf

supphrt jahcis.

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mftfrekof tdfkr afontd, eflsurf yhur palo-

fr‛s koskmf caflrlocf, iffpkon ko ekom tdlt

tdf supphrts wkaa dlvf ljhut < ⁍ : ko. hg l

mrywlaa scrfw stkcikon hut flcd fom. Ey

palofr laahwfm ghr <<< ⁍ :-ko.-ahon supphrts wktd oh mlonfr hg l scrfw dflm thucdkon

loytdkon ho tdf wly tdrhund.

Ko usf, tdf supphrts lrf rlksfm hr ahwfrfm

uskon <6° wfmnfs elmf grhe < ⁍ =-ko.-tdkci

efmkue-mfoskty gkjfrjhlrm (EMG). ]h iffp

tdf supphrts plrlaafa th tdf safm‛s surglcf

ls tdf wfmnfs lrf kosfrtfm, cut l saht 3 ⁍ = ko.

grhe flcd fom hg tdf supphrt jahcis, lash

 wktd l <6° sahpf. ]dks ks mhof ho tdf tljaf-

slw wktd l mlmh sft, uskon l safm tdlt clr-

rkfs tdf supphrt jahci lt l <6° lonaf. dkaf

tdf mlmh sft ks ho tdf slw, cut l squlrf

mlmh ko tdf thp hg flcd supphrt ghr l juo-nff chrm. ]df chrm sfcurfs tdf supphrts

 wdfo tdf safm ks ko usf lom wdfo kt ks

sthrfm vfrtkclaay. K strftcd tdf chrm lcrhss

tdf thp hg tdf safm, sfcurkon kt lt flcd fom

 wktd l mhwfa (sff mrlwkon, p. ;6).

]h dham tdf wfmnfs ko palcf, mrkaa l dhaf

ko flcd fom hg tdf supphrt jahcis ghr l

<< ⁍ =-ko. mrywlaa scrfw. Bust tkndtfokon tdf

scrfws jy dlom iffps tdf wfmnfs grhe

ehvkon hocf tdfy lrf ko phsktkho.

 ^dfo K gkrst jukat tdf safm, K dlm prhj-

afes wktd tdf palofr puaakon jhlrms hut

hg phsktkho ls tdf safm wfot tdrhund. ]hshavf tdlt, K put sfag-stkci palstkc stlkr-trflm

eltfrkla ho thp hg tdf supphrts. K lvhkmfm

slomplpfr jfclusf hg tdf akifakdhhm hg nrkt

jrflikon hgg lom nfttkon ko tdf palofr. K

lash put l chlrsfr stlkr-trflm eltfrkla ho

tdf jhtthes hg tdf wfmnfs th iffp tdfe

grhe sakppkon. Alst, K put palstkc alekoltf

ho tdf jhtthe hg tdf safm th rfmucf mrln

tdrhund tdf palofr.

Sfttkon up tdf safm ghr usfAhhsfo tdf supphrt scrfws jy dlom lom

sakmf tdf wfmnfs jlci sh tdlt tdf sup-phrts laa rfst ho tdf safm. Hrkfotltkho hg tdf

jhlrm ks kephrtlot2 Kg tdf jhlrm ks cuppfm,

palcf tdf choclvf skmf mhwo sh tdlt tdf

fmnfs rfst ho tdf supphrts. Mh tdks fvfo

tdhund yhu ely ohw dlvf l jhlrm tdlt

jhws up lt flcd fom. Splcf tdf supphrts

th dlvf hof lt flcd fom lom twh hr tdrff

lahon tdf rfst hg tdf jhlrm.

Gkom tdf dknd chrofrs hg tdf jhl

puttkon prfssurf ho hpphsktf chrof

rhcikon kt. Vsf tdf wfmnfs th rlksf td

phrts tdlt offm kt, trykon th rlksf flc

lo fqula lehuot, lom tkndtfo tdf scrfdlom. Kt tlifs hoay l akttaf prfssurf g

gkof phkot hg tdf mrywlaa scrfw th jk

tdf EMG lom sfcurf tdf wfmnf. ]fst

kg tdf rhcikon ks nhof. Ohw nh mhw

afontd hg tdf jhlrm lom gkom ahhsf sup

Vsf tdf wfmnfs th rlksf tdf hofs tdl

lmbustkon, jut mho‛t chef up thh dkn

kon sh clo clusf htdfr nlps th lppf

Zhaafr stloms lt flcd fom hg tdf

lom l rfehvljaf supphrt lre lttlc

tdf jhx ey palofr skts ho dfap su

tdf safm. ]df lre dls l thp hg dflv

tkc tdlt rfmucfs tdf grkctkho hg sakmksafm lcrhss grhe tdf hutgffm th tdf

skmf. Sfvfrla prhmucts lrf lvlkaljaf

  hhmcrlgt lom htdfr rftlkafrs, koc

uatrldknd-ehafcualr-wfkndt palstkc.

Vskon tdf palofr ls l bhkotfr Hocf tdf jhlrm ks stljaf, rlksf tdf

dflm dknd fohund th lccfpt tdf

Palcf tdf jhlrm ho tdf

Kg kt ks cuppfm, rfst kt wktd

choclvf skmf glckon mhwo

tdf jhlrm th ahcltf dknd s

 Lmbust tdf supphrt jahc

 Sakmf tdf wfmnf uotka tdf

 bust thucdfs tdf jhlrm. ]d

tkndtfo tdf mrywlaa scrfw

dlom th ahci tdf wfmnf ko

SAFM SF]VP

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N;7

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plcilnf lom, wktdhut turokon ho tdf phwfr,

sakmf fvfrytdkon koth tdf palofr th gkom tdf

dkndfst phkot. Puaa kt jlci hut, crloi mhwo

l jkt, lom yhu‛rf rflmy th bhkot tdf jhlrm.

]dks ks hof hg tdhsf clsfs wdfrf mfscrkj-kon tdf prhcfss tlifs glr ehrf tkef tdlo

mhkon kt. Kt‛s flsy th put l jhlrm ho tdf

safm, lmbust tdf supphrts, lom jf palokon

ko 30 th =6 sfchoms. Kt dfaps th iohw tdf

chejkofm tdkciofss hg tdf safm lom sup-

phrts sh tdlt yhu clo dlvf tdf palofr hpfo-

kon sft th tdf lpprhxkeltf tdkciofss.

 Lgtfr tdf gkrst plss, cdfci th sff kg loy-

tdkon dls sdkgtfm lom lmbust tdf wfmnfs

ls ofcfsslry. Sfom tdf safm hvfr tdf gkxfm

lre lom jlci th tdf koput rhaafr, ahwfr

tdf dflm, lom elif lohtdfr cut.

K rfcfotay jukat l cdfst hg mrlwfrs wktdjfot-alekoltfm mrlwfr grhots lom dlm oh

trhujaf uskon tdks safm th galttfo <<-ko.-wkmf

dlrm elpaf th elif mrlwfr-grhot pakfs.

]dks ks l bkn tdlt dls prhvfo th jf whrtd

glr ehrf tdlo tdf hrknkola tkef kovfstfm

ko mfsknokon lom jukamkon kt. ▬

Ifktd Zust ks l whhmwhrifr ko Lrakontho, ]fxls.

VSKON ]DF SA

^ktd tdf palofr turofm hgg

 sakmf tdf safm tdrhund th c

ghr hjstructkhos lom th mf

ekof tdf dkndfst phkot hojhlrm (ljhvf). Lgtfr tdf gkr

 plss, cdfci lom lmbust td

wfmnfs (afgt), kg ofcfsslry

Hocf yhu dlvf galttfofm h

 surglcf hg tdf jhlrm (jfah

 yhu clo mkspfosf wktd tdf

lom ruo tdf htdfr skmf hg t

jhlrm tdrhund tdf palofr t

tdkciofss kt.

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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sdhps, wf iffp fxtrl pusd stkcis dlomy, lom tdfrf ks lawl

hof skttkon ho thp hg l elcdkof tljaf hr duon ho l dhhi ojy. f fochurlnf stumfots th nft ko tdf dljkt hg ahhikon g

pusd stkci jfghrf tdfy turo ho tdf elcdkof.

]dfrf lrf eloy wfaa-mfsknofm pusd stkcis ghr slaf, jut sd

elmf stkcis lrf flsy lom kofxpfoskvf th elif grhe scrlp.  wfaa-elmf pusd stkci wkaa dham tdf whri sfcurfay wktd l o

caflt, hr ohosakp surglcf. Kt wkaa gffa rkndt ko tdf dlom”lo l

 wlrm dlomaf clo jf uoslgf kg kt ghrcfs yhu th sdkgt yhur dll jfttfr nrkp. Lom kt wkaa jf flsy th elif, jfclusf sdhpel

stkcis lrf eflot th chotlct tdf jalmf lt tkefs lom fvfotula

jf rfpalcfm. Dfrf‛s l ahhi lt l vlrkfty hg sdhpelmf pusd ko usf wdfrf tdfy‛rf offmfm ehst.

 L skepaf paywhhm cuthut ghr slgf rkppkon Eloy prhbfcts rfqukrf rkppkon sthci th wkmtd, l tlsi mhof

qukciay lom cafloay ho tdf tljafslw. Jut rkppkon sthci ho

tljafslw lash clo jf mlonfrhus.

 L whripkfcf tdlt‛s oht prhpfray nukmfm tdrhund tdf cut  vffr koth tdf jlci skmf hg tdf jalmf lom jf ikcifm jlci l

hpfrlthr. ]dks ks fspfcklaay truf kg tdf spakttfr ks oht ko palc

 ^dfo rkppkon olrrhw sthci, tdf gkonfrs clo chef thh cahstdf jalmf, aflmkon th trlnfmy ko lo kostlot. Ghr tdfsf rflsh

 wf tflcd stumfots th usf l pusd stkci wdfo rkppkon th l w

 L 

t tdf Cfotfr ghr Gurokturf Crlgtselosdkp, wdfrf K

tflcd lom lash elolnf tdf whhmsdhps, sdhwkon

stumfots dhw th slgfay hpfrltf phwfr fqukpefot

ks hof hg hur gkrst tlsis. ]df afssho lawlys kocaumfs

pusd stkcis.

 L pusd stkci ks l sdlpfm afontd hg whhm hr htdfreltfrkla tdlt dfaps chotrha tdf ehvfefot hg l whripkfcf. Kt ks

ehst offmfm lt tdf tljafslw, bhkotfr, rhutfr tljaf, lom jlomslw.

Vskon l pusd stkci iffps dloms lwly grhe jalmfs lom cuttfrs.Kt lash dfaps elkotlko lo fvfo prfssurf lom gffm rltf, rfmuc-

kon tdf rksi hg ikcijlci lom prhmuckon l sehhtdfr cut. Ko hur

 ]L JA F S L^2 S DH F - S ] [ A F

P V S D S ] K C I  

]dks stkci ks elmf grhe <  ⁍  :-ko.

paywhhm, lom tdf sdlpf ks cut

ho tdf jlomslw. Fmnfs lrf

rhuomfm hvfr

wktd l rlsp hr

rhutfr.

 Lawlys iffp l pusd stkci dlomy. 

 Sthrf kt wktdko flsy rflcd (ljhvf).

Pusd jftwffo tdf jalmf lom tdf

gfocf (rkndt) lom elif surf tdlt tdf

whripkfcf caflrs tdf jalmf wdfo tdf

cut ks gkoksdfm.

Mho‛t splrf tdf stkci. Kg td

whhmfo pusd stkci who‛t gkt

jftwffo tdf jalmf lom gfoc

 slgf th mrkvf kt tdrhund tdf

(hjsfrvf prfclutkhos ho jal

dfkndt) lom chepaftf tdf cu

Vskon pusd stkcisSDHPELMF DFAPFZS LZF

L CDFLP ^L[ ]H S]L[ SLGF

J [ P F ] F S C D A F J F C I F Z

<< ko.

6< ⁍ : ko.

<3 ⁍ = ko.< ⁍ : ko.

;4 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N Pdhths2 Stfvf Schtt9 mrlwkons2 Ifaay B

bkns & gkxturfs

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P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che  

hg 7 ko. hr afss. ^ktd tdf stkci ko yhur rkndt dlom, palcf tdf

ohtcdfm fom lt tdf rflr hg tdf whripkfcf jftwffo tdf gfocf

lom tdf jalmf. Vsf tdf stkci th gffm tdf pkfcf laa tdf wly plsttdf jlci hg tdf jalmf.

Kg yhu offm th mrkvf tdf pusd stkci koth tdf jalmf, jf surf th

iffp tdf pusd stkci plrlaafa th tdf gfocf, lom jf prfplrfm ghr

kocrflsfm rfskstlocf ls tdf jalmf cuts tdrhund tdf jhtthe hg tdfstkci. ]h ekokekzf tdks rfskstlocf, lom ghr slgfty rflshos, sft tdf

jalmf dfkndt sh tdlt kt mhfso‛t cut vfry mffpay (< ⁍ = ko. hr sh) koth

tdf stkci. Hocf yhu‛vf cut tdrhund yhur pusd stkci ko tdks wly lgfw tkefs, kt‛s l nhhm kmfl th trke jlci tdf grlyfm surglcf wktd

l jlomslw hr mksclrm tdf stkci lom elif l ofw hof.

]h rkp ahonfr pkfcfs tdlt fxtfom plst tdf aflmkon fmnf hg tdftljaf, aflvf tdf pusd stkci wktdko rflcd ho thp hg tdf rkp gfocf.

Stlrt tdf cut jy pusdkon tdf rflr hg tdf pkfcf jy dlom uotka kt

rflcdfs tdf fmnf hg tdf tljaf. Kg yhu usf tdf stkci jfghrf tdksphkot, yhu ely palcf mhwowlrm prfssurf ho tdf jlci fom hg

tdf jhlrm, akgtkon tdf grhot fom lwly grhe tdf jalmf.

 ^dfo galttfokon jhlrms, usf l jrhlm, galt pusd jahciVskon l bhkotfr th galttfo l jhlrm‛s glcf hr th strlkndtfo lo fmnf

ho olrrhw sthci clo jrkon tdf hpfrlthr‛s dloms mlonfrhusay

cahsf th tdf elcdkof‛s dhrkzhotla cuttfrdflm.Nukmkon tdf whri wktd pusd stkcis dfaps iffp yhur dloms hut

hg mlonfr. Kt lash dfaps lcdkfvf l caflo cut jy fosurkon tdlt tdf

 whri mhfso‛t jhuocf hr ‑cdlttfr― ls kt crhssfs tdf cuttfrdflm.Ghr glcf bhkotkon, l galt styaf hg pusd stkci iohwo ls l pusd

jahci whris jfst9 wf lsi tdlt stumfots usf tdfe oh elttfr

 B H K O ] F Z 2 P VS D J A H C I S

]df cafltfm mfskno ks usfm ko tdf rkndt dlom, lt tdf jhlrm‛s

trlkakon fmnf, th gffm tdf whri koth tdf cut. ]df cafltfm jahci‛s

dlomaf clo jf vfry skepaf, jut tdf sahpkon sdlpf pkcturfm dfrf

sdhws wdkcd fom dls tdf caflt ho kt.

  ]df plmmfm jahci ks usfm ko tdf afgt dlom, th iffp tdf

jhlrm grhe jhuockon ls kt crhssfs tdf cuttfrdflm. Ghr tdf

rujjfr-nrkp surglcf, Scdafjfcifr usfm sprly chotlct lmdfskvf

(3E Supfr >>) th lttlcd l pkfcf hg lo kofxpfoskvf yhnl elt.

Jlomslw tdf dlomaf grhe l scrlp hg shakm whhm.

Vsf l plkr hg pusd jahcis ghr glcf-bhkotkon. Kt‛s jfst th dlvf l

 sikm jahci lt tdf jhlrm‛s aflmkon fmnf lom l cafltfm jahci lt tdf

]df sdhf-st stkci ks fxc

ghr fmnf-bhk

Kt whris fsp

wfaa wktd ol

 sthci tdlt ks

fohund th ca

tdf jalmf nu

jut thh sdhr

caflr tdf gfo

Flsy th lssfejaf. L cafltfm pusd jahci clo jf

ko afss tdlo <6 ekoutfs. Jfclusf tdf nauf bhkot k

 nrlko th ahon nrlko, scrfws lrf oht offmfm.

Caflt

Jahci

Dlomaf,

<< ⁍ = ko. tdkci

7 ko. 3< ⁍ : ko.

6 ⁍ 4 ko.

:< ⁍ : ko.Jahci

<: ko.

> ⁍ 4 ko.

= ko.

:3 ⁍ = ko.

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ZH V] F Z ] L JA F 2 P VSD S] KCI 

]dks stkci ks elmf grhe <  ⁍  :-ko. paywhhm, lom

tdf sdlpf ks cut ho tdf jlomslw. Fmnfs

lrf rhuomfm hvfr wktd l rlsp hr rhutfr.

tdf pusd stkci flsy th nrlj. Ghr tdf dlomafs, K usf scrlps

hur whhm-turokon stumkh, jut l alrnf mhwfa hr rhuomfm s

sthci wkaa mh gkof.

 L ahon rflcd iffps gkonfrs slgf wdfo rfslwkonZfslwkon”hr sakckon sthci lahon kts glcf th elif tdkoofr

jhlrms”ks l nrflt rflsho th dlvf l jlomslw. Jut tdfhpfrltkho rfqukrfs clrf, fspfcklaay wdfo tdf gfocf ks cahsf

th tdf jalmf. ]df trkci ks th pusd tdf sthci grhe tdf rflr l

lo fvfo rltf laa tdf wly tdrhund tdf cut, lom iffp yhurgkonfrs hut hg tdf wly ls tdf jalmf fefrnfs grhe tdf tlka f

hg tdf whripkfcf.

 Laehst loy afontd hg scrlp wkaa whri ls l pusd stkci ghrtlsi, jut kt‛s okcf th dlvf hof wktd l cheghrtljaf nrkp ofl

]df mfmkcltfm stkci wf usf ko hur sdhp ks flsy th elif”

bust lohtdfr sdlpf cut hut ho tdf jlomslw. Elif surf tdf

ks ahon fohund sh tdlt tdf grhot fom rflcdfs bust plst tdf  wdkaf tdf rflr ks stkaa l chupaf hg kocdfs jfdkom tdf gfocf.

]dks wly, tdf gfocf who‛t kotfrgfrf wktd yhur nrkp ls yhu

gkoksd tdf cut.

dhw alrnf hr selaa tdf

 whripkfcf. L pusd jahci ks l galt jhlrm wktd

l thp-ehuotfm dlomaf tdlt laahws tdf usfr th

elkotlko mhwowlrm prfssurf. ]dfrf lrf twh jlskc mf-sknos, flcd wktd l mkstkoct guoctkho. Hof usfs l caflt ho tdf

jlci th nrkp tdf trlkakon fom hg tdf sthci. ]df htdfr, usfm lt tdf

aflmkon fom hg tdf whripkfcf, dls oh caflt jut nrkps tdf sthci wktd l ohosakp rujjfr plm.

]h usf tdfe, tlif tdf cafltfm stkci ko yhur rkndt dlom lom tdf

rujjfr-shafm jahci ko yhur afgt th elkotlko mhwowlrm prfssurf

lt tdf aflmkon fom hg tdf whripkfcf.

 L ohtcdfm jhlrm wktd dlomafsdfaps nukmf sthci ho tdf rhutfr tljaf]df slgfst wly th nft l rhutfm prhgkaf ho l olrrhw whripkfcf

ks th cut tdf prhgkaf ho tdf rhutfr tljaf gkrst, jfghrf rkppkon

tdf sthci th gkola wkmtd. ^hrikon wktd wkmfr sthci laahws yhuth gffm tdf whri plst tdf jkt wktdhut puttkon yhur gkonfrs ko

dlre‛s wly.

Hcclskholaay, tdhund, yhu ekndt offm th rhut l sdlpf hoth lpkfcf tdlt‛s larflmy quktf olrrhw. Gfltdfrjhlrms wkaa dfap dham

tdf pkfcf gkreay th tdf tljaf surglcf, jut yhu‛aa offm l pusd

stkci th nukmf tdf whri sounay lnlkost tdf gfocf.

 Lo fggfctkvf pusd stkci ks l skepaf pkfcf hg paywhhm wktdl ohtcd cut koth hof fom. ]df strkp akfs galt ho tdf rhutfr

tljaf, wktd tdf ohtcd lt tdf trlkakon fom. ]wh vfrtkcla dlomafs,

ehuotfm wktd chuotfrsuoi mrywlaa scrfws lom nauf, elif

Zhut olrrhw sthci wktdhut gflr. ]dks ohtcdfm stkci iffps dlom

lwly grhe tdf cuttfr. Gfltdfrjhlrms lppay mhwowlrm prfssurf.

Vsf l ahon pusd stkci lt tdf jlomslw. ]d

laahws tdf usfr th pusd tdf whripkfcf grhe

tdf gfocf wktdhut rksi hg ruookon tduej hr g

koth tdf jalmf.

Dlomafs,

<< ⁍ : ko. mkl.

jy :3 ⁍ = ko. tlaa

Jahci,< ⁍ : ko. tdkci jy

=< ⁍ = ko. wkmf jy

::3 ⁍ 4 ko. ahon

Ohtcd, 3 ⁍ 4 ko. mffp

jy 3 ko. ahon

J L O M S L ^2 P V S D S ] K C I  

]dks stkci ks elmf grhe <  ⁍  :-ko. paywhhm, lom tdf sdlpf ks cut

ho tdf jlomslw. Fmnfs lrf rhuomfm hvfr wktd l rlsp hr

rhutfr.

Paywhhm, < ⁍ : ko.

tdkci jy :<6 ⁍ 4 ko.ahon jy 3< ⁍ : ko. tlaa

<00 G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N

bkns & gkxturfs chotkoufm

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© :00> ]df ]luo

Nft kostlot lccfss th tdf ehst myolekc whhmwhrikon

sktf hoakof. Hur lwlrm-wkookon sktf ks tdf pfrgfct

chepafefot th Gkof ^hhmwhrikon  elnlzkof.

Kt‛s lawlys whrtd fxpahrkon Gkof^hhmwhrikon.che,

jfclusf wf lmm ofw chotfot fvfry wffimly. Dfrfyhu‛aa mkschvfr grfsd, ofw kmfls lom iohw-dhw th kospkrf,

kostruct, lom loswfr yhur qufstkhos.

 Lom laa hg kt ks bust l cakci lwly!

KOS]LO] LOS^FZS

  L CAKCI L L[ Hvfr <,300 lrtkcafs

:60+ sikaa-jukamkon vkmfhs

Hvfr :00 gurokturf prhbfcts

Hvfr 600 skmf-jy-skmf

thha cheplrkshosGuaay komfxfm,

sflrcdljaf lrcdkvf

Fxpfrt dfap ghr fvfry sikaa afvfa

]lif l ahhi rkndt ohw!Fxpahrf Gkof^hhmwhrikon.che/Ofw 

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 >

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<0:

Jukam l skepafcrhsscut safmghr tdf tljafslw FSSFO]KLA BKN FOSVZFS S\VLZF CV]S

J [ N L Z [ Z H N H ^ S I K

Kt‛s l fucakmflo whram, mlro

tdf auci. hhmwhrikon nhfs

jfttfr wdfo lonafs lrf prfcksf,

truf, lom ljhvf laa, choskstfot.

‑Choskstfotay hgg― ely jf dhw

 yhur whri dls jffo nhkon uotka

ohw, jut elikon l tljafslw safm clo gkx

eloy crhsscuttkon whfs.

Ey safm ks l ghcla phkot hg ey sdhp. ^ktd kt, K clo prhmucf squlrf foms ho

sthci. K clo calep ho l sthp jahci hr

elif l pfocka elri ghr rfpflt cuts. K clo

usf tdf safm ls l paltghre ghr htdfr bknsth cut prfcksf lonafs lom th cut l vlrkfty

hg bhkots. Lom K clo mh laa hg tdks whri

slgfay lom wktd nrfltfr lccurlcy. L crhsscut safm prhvkmfs supphrt grhe

twh mkrfctkhos (jfdkom lom uomfrofltd)

Fvfry slw offms hof. L sdhpelmf safm elifs kt flskfr lom

 slgfr th elif lccurltf crhsscuts ho tdf tljafslw.

<. Lttlcd tdf gfocfVsf jhats,

oht scrfws. 

]dks elifs

kt flskfr th

lmbust tdfgfocf sh

tdlt kt ks

 squlrf th

tdf jalmf.

LOL]HE[ HG L SAFM

L crhsscut safm ks l vfrsltkaf thha wktd bust l gfw clrfguaay lssfejafm plrts. Kts lccurlcy

ho cahsf-gkttkon ruoofrs lom l squlrf gfocf.

JHA]S6 ⁍ <7 ko. jy 3< ⁍ : ko., wktd 3 ⁍ =-ko.

wlsdfrs lt jhat dflm lom out.

Jhat dhafs lrf 3 ⁍ 4 ko. mkl. th prhvkmf

rhhe ghr lmbustkon tdf gfocf.

GFOCFDlrmwhhm, ekaafm ghursq

th << ⁍ : ko. hr <3 ⁍ = ko. tdkc

jy 3< ⁍ : ko. hr wkmfr. ^df

lssfejafm, kt eust jf

tdlo tdf guaa dfkndt hg t

jalmf.

JLSFEMG, 3 ⁍ = ko. tdkci jy

<7 ko. wkmf jy := ko. ahonGZHO] ZLKADlrmwhhm, 3 ⁍ = ko. hr

tdkci, lom tlaafr tdl

dkndfst phkot hg tdf

Kt ks naufm hr lttlcd

grhe uomfrofltd w

chuotfrsuoi whhm

ZVOOFZS\ulrtfrslwo dlrmwhhm, 3 ⁍ 4 ko.

tdkci jy 3 ⁍ = ko. wkmf, trkeefm th

gkt sounay ko ektfr-nlunf sahts

  Pdhths2 Stfvf Schtt9 mrlwkon2 Wk

bkns & gkxturfs chotkoufm

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P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.g kofwhhmwhr i kon. che

lom sh dhams l whripkfcf ehrf sfcurfay

tdlo ehst sthci ektfr nlunfs. ]dks ks fs-

pfcklaay dfapgua wdfo crhsscuttkon wkmfrpkfcfs, wdfrf l safm ks l eucd slgfr hp-

tkho tdlo ruookon l whripkfcf lnlkost

tdf rkp gfocf, l rfckpf ghr ikcijlci.]df safm ks lccurltf ko plrt jfclusf kts

twko ruoofrs fosurf tdlt tdf sthci ehvfs

ko l strlkndt akof plst tdf jalmf. ]df

sthci ks rfnkstfrfm lnlkost l jlci gfocftdlt ks clrfguaay sft lt ;0° th tdf jalmf.

]df gfocf ks lmbustljaf, sh kt clo jf

rfsft lom rftkndtfofm kg kt nfts iohcifmhut hg wdlci.

Stlrt wktd l squlrf pkfcf hg EMG [hu clo jukam loy skzf safm, jut K strhonay

rfcheefom stlrtkon selaa. K‛vf aflrofm

tdlt kt plys th elif yhur gkrst safm ghr ;;%

hg cuts, tdlt ks, jhlrms afss tdlo <3 ko. wkmf. ]df safm wkaa jf flskfr th elif,

flskfr th ehvf, lom flskfr th lmbust. Ghr

loy cut wkmfr tdlo <3 ko., K dlvf lohtdfrsafm lt 3> ko. wkmf.

]dfrf lrf sfvfrla ifys th lo lccurltf

safm2 l galt jlsf, strlkndt ruoofrs tdlt gktsounay ko tdf ektfr sahts, lom l galt lom

squlrf gfocf. Elif tdf jlsf hut hg 3 ⁍ =-ko.

efmkue-mfoskty gkjfrjhlrm (EMG) ljhut<7 ko. wkmf jy := ko. ahon. Lttlcd l grhot

rlka tdlt ks tlaafr tdlo tdf guaafst dfkndt hg

tdf slwjalmf. Kts bhj ks th dham tdf grhot

hg tdf bkn thnftdfr.

Elif gfocf lom ruoofrs hg dlrmwhhmK elif tdf gfocf hut hg dlrmwhhm,ekaafm ghursqulrf ljhut << ⁍ : ko. tdkci lom

tlaafr tdlo ey tlaafst cut. K elif kt tdks

tdkci sh K clo glstfo kt th tdf jlsfpaltf wktd jhats lom wlsdfrs.

K jukat ey gkrst safm wktd scrfws, lom tdfy

bust mho‛t dham up th tdf jlonkon lrhuomtdks bkn nfts ko lo lctkvf sdhp. Kg yhur EMG

ks rfaltkvfay squlrf, jhat ho tdf gfocf sh

tdlt kts rflr glcf ks laknofm wktd tdf jlci

hg tdf jlsf. [hu‛aa lmbust kt altfr th squlrfkt wktd tdf jalmf.

Ghr tdks safm, K usfm 6 ⁍ <7-ko. jhats lom

mrkaafm 3 ⁍ 4-ko.-mkl. dhafs. ]dks nkvfs efrhhe th lmbust tdf phsktkho hg tdf gfocf.

]df ruoofrs lrf crktkcla th tdf succfss

hg tdf bkn. ]dfy offm th ehvf wktdhutpaly ko tdf ektfr-nlunf sahts. Kg tdfy

mho‛t, yhur bkn wkaa rkmf sahppkay, yhur

Elif tdf ruoofrs hg qulrtfrslwo dlrmwhhm. ^ktd tdf

nrlko hrkfotfm ko tdks wly, sflshola whhm ehvfefot

wkaa clusf tdf ruoofrs th sdrkoi hr swfaa ko tdkciofss, ls

hpphsfm th wkmtd. ]dks eflos tdf ruoofrs who‛t jkom.

]rke tdf dknd sphts. Pusd tdf chepaftfm

 safm jlci lom ghrtd ko tdf sahts l gfw tkefs. Loy

 palcfs wdfrf tdf ruoofrs ruj lnlkost tdf skmfs

hg tdf sahts wkaa mlrifo. ]rke tdfsf lrfls wktd l

 scrlpfr, tdfo wlx tdf ruoofrs lom tdf jhtthe hg

tdf safm th rfmucf grkctkho.

:. Kostlaa tdf ruoofrs

Jlomslw th rhund mkefo- 

 skhos. Sft tdf gfocf uskon

eflsurfefots tlifo grhe tdf

tljafslw‛s ektfr-nlunf saht.

 Bhkot twh glcfs. ]dfsf wkaa

 sfrvf ls rfgfrfocf surglcfs ghr

gkola trkeekon hg tdf ruoofrs th

gkt ko tdf ektfr-nlunf sahts.

]rke th gkola wkmtd. 

akndt cuts lom cdfci tdf

tdf saht ls yhu nh. [hu l

usf l palofr hr l dlompa

 Lttlcd tdf ruoofrs. Lssfejakon tdf safm

wktd tdf ruoofrs ko tdfkr sahts dfaps fosurf

tdfy‛aa jf plrlaafa lom prhpfray splcfm wdfo

 yhu‛rf mhof. Lttlcd tdf ruoofrs wktd whhm scrfws mrkvfo koth chuotfrsuoi dhafs.

=

3:<

6

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G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<0=

Elif l tfst cut. Crhsscut l pkfcf hg wkmf sthci th

 nlunf tdf gfocf‛s lccurlcy.

cuts wkaa jf kochoskstfot, lom yhur slaty

 vhcljualry wkaa nrhw lt lo lalrekon rltf.

K rfcheefom elikon tdf ruoofrs hgdlrm-wflrkon qulrtfrslwo sthci sucd

ls hli hr elpaf, ljhut 3 ⁍ 4 ko. tdkci, hr

sakndtay tdkoofr tdlo tdf mfptd hg tdf

nlunf sahts. [hu mho‛t wlot tdf ruoofrsjhtthekon hut ko tdf sahts lom akgtkon tdf

jlsfpaltf hgg tdf slw tljaf.

Elif tdf ruoofrs th gkt sounay ko wkmtd,trkeekon tdfe wktd l dlompalof th

gkt koth tdf nlunf sahts. Ofxt, mrkaa ghur

chuotfrsuoi dhafs ko flcd ruoofr ghrgalt-dflm scrfws th dham kt ko palcf.

Ehuot tdf ruoofrs lom lmbust tdf gfocfPalcf tdf ruoofrs ko tdf sahts, aly tdf ls-

sfejafm jlsf lom gfocfs ho tdfe, lom

pusd tdf plcilnf th tdf rflr hg tdf slw

tljaf sh tdlt hof sft hg chuotfrsuoi dhafsks vkskjaf. Elif surf tdf bkn‛s gfocf ks

rfaltkvfay plrlaafa th tdf slw‛s jlci fmnf.

Ehuot twh scrfws koth tdf safm, hof koflcd ruoofr. ]dfo sakmf tdf lssfejay

jlci th tdf grhot fmnf hg tdf slw tljaf

sh tdlt twh ehrf dhafs lrf vkskjaf. Ehuottdfsf scrfws, gakp tdf safm hvfr, lom mrkaa

lom ehuot tdf ghur rfelkokon scrfws.

Palcf tdf safm ko tdf sahts lom try th

pusd kt. ]df ruoofrs wkaa prhjljay jf

thh tkndt. ^lx tdfe lom tdf jhtthe lomsff kg tdf safm wkaa sakmf. Kg oht, cdfci

ghr jalci sphts ho tdf ruoofrs tdlt sdhw

 wdfrf tdfy‛rf rujjkon. Vsf l scrlpfr

hr sdhuamfr palof th trke tdhsf lrfls,rfwlx, lom try lnlko. ]df safm sdhuam

ehvf fgghrtafssay ko tdf sahts wktd oh

skmf-th-skmf paly.Ohw yhu‛rf rflmy th stlrt whrikon.

Elif tdf gkrst cut ko tdf safm jy rlkskon

tdf jalmf bust fohund th sakcf tdrhundtdf jlsfpaltf. ]dfo rlksf kt ghr l dkndfr

cut. Palcf l pkfcf hg scrlp ho tdf safm

lom crhsscut kt, cdfcikon tdf rfsuats wktdl squlrf. Lmbust tdf gfocf lcchrmkonay.

 [hu clo lash elif l tdrhund crhsscut

lom gakp tdf pkfcfs th sff kg tdfy akof up

pfrgfctay (sff p. :0 ghr tdf tfcdokquf).Ahci mhwo tdf gfocf wktd tdf jhats

 wdfo yhu‛rf cuttkon squlrf.

Zfefejfr th lawlys sft tdf bkn mhwosh tdlt kt‛s oht rfstkon ho kts gfocf. [hu

mho‛t wlot kt iohcifm ljhut. Lash, jf

 vfry lwlrf hg tdf slwjalmf‛s fxkt phkot.Elri tdks zhof th rfekom yhursfag ofvfr

th palcf yhur gkonfrs cahsf th kt. •

]df safm who‛t elif lccurltf crhsscuts uoafss tdf gfocf ks prfcksfay pfrpfomkcualr th tdf j almf.

]df hvfrskzf jhat dhafs ko tdks gfocf elif kt phsskjaf th lmbust tdf lonaf uotka tfst cuts ykfam squlrf rfsuats.

]kndtfo tdf gfocf. ^dfo yhu‛rf mh

lmbustkon, crloi tdf jhats dhef lom yhu

rflmy th elif crhsscuts.

3. Squlrf tdf gfocf th tdf jalmf

Elif tdf ifrg. Sft tdf jalmf

th kts guaa dfkndt lom cut tdrhund

tdf safm.

Cdfci tdf cut wktd l squl

 Loy nlps wkaa dfap yhu mftfreko

mkrfctkho lom lehuot hg lmbusttdf gfocf rfqukrfs.

Elri yhur stlrtkon palcf. Jfghrf kon tdf gfocf, elri kts hrknkola ahcltkho

rfgfrfocf phkot.

=

3

:<

6

bkns & gkxturfs chotkoufm

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L2 ZHV]KON L CVZWFM PLOFA wktd l vfrtkcla plofa-rlkskon

jkt kso‛t prlctkcla hr slgf. ]df

gkxturf ghr tdks lppakcltkho ks

sh chepakcltfm lom rksiy tdlt

kt mhfs oht bustkgy ktsfag. ]df

 whri dls th jf rhtltfm plst

tdf cuttfr wdkaf ho kts fmnf

lnlkost tdf gfocf. Kt‛s uoslgf

lt loy spffm jfclusf tdfrf‛s

phhr whripkfcf chotrha.

Dhwfvfr, curvfm plofas clo

jf rlksfm wktd l rhutfr uskon

l dhrkzhotla cuttfr. Kt rfqukrfsjflrkon-nukmfm plofa-rlkskon

jkts hg 3 ko. mkl. hr ehrf.

 ^ktd tdfsf alrnf cuttfrs,

elikon mffp cuts ko hof

plss ks dlzlrmhus. Sh cut ko

stlnfs jy ehvkon tdf jkt up

ko kocrfefots. Ohtf2 Alrnf-

mkleftfr jkts eust jf ruo lt

eucd sahwfr spffms.

 ”Plt lrofr ks lutdhr

hg ]df Zhutfr Jhhi 

(]df ]luotho Prfss,

:00<).]df curvf hg tdf plofa rkmfs lnlkost tdf jf

ho tdf rhutfr jkt ls tdf jkt ks rlksfm nrlmul

 succfsskvf cuts. ]df pko ko tdf tljaf laahw

whripkfcf th jf pkvhtfm koth tdf cuttfr th

tdf cut.

\2 K dlvf jffo uskonl vfrtkcla plofa-

rlkskon jkt ghr slgfty

ghr eloy yflrs, lom

ohw K‛m akif th elif

l plofa wktd tdf thp

curvfm. Clo K elif

l bkn tdlt whuam whri

ghr tdks8

” ZHJFZ] ZFMK ONFZ,

Sdhrfwhhm, Kaa.

Mho‛t sdlpf curvfm plofas wktd vfrtkcla jkts

 L tlaa gfocf lom gfltdfrjhlrm supphrt tdf

ko tdf vfrtkcla phsktkho. Elif tdf cut ko sf

 plssfs jy nrlmulaay ehvkon tdf gfocf jlc

WFZ]KCLA JK]S

^HZI GHZ

S]ZLKND] FMNFS

SDLPF CVZWFM

PLOFAS K]D

DHZKRHO]LA JK]S

\2 Ls K wls pusdkon

l <:-ko.-mkl. pkaalr

tdrhund l < ⁍ :-ko.

jlomslw jalmf

lnlkost tdf gfocf,

tdf jalmf summfoay

 wfot hgg trlci,cdfwkon up tdf tljaf

kosfrt lom plrt hg tdf

mhhr tdlt chvfrs tdf

jhtthe wdffa. dlt

dlppfofm8

” J K A A J L A A F R L,

Dhustho, ]fxls

L2 EHS] AKIFA[ DL] DLPPFOFM LS ]DF PKAALZ ZH]L]FM L JK] 

ls yhu wfrf cuttkon, solnnkon tdf jlci hg tdf jalmf lom puaakon

ghrwlrm hut hg tdf nukmfs. Ghr slgfty, yhu sdhuam stljkakzf

pkaalr jy glstfokon kt th l paywhhm safm9 ghr ahon pkaalrs, su

tdf hutjhlrm fom hg tdf safm ho l rhaafr stlom.

Ho l jlomslw, tdfrf ks ohtdkon rfstrlkokon tdf jalmf grh

jfkon pusdfm ghrwlrm lom hut hg tdf nukmfs. Kt tlifs hoayselaa lehuot hg prfssurf ho tdf trlkakon fmnf hg tdf jalmf

th sdkgt ghrwlrm. Lom l <  ⁍  :-ko. jalmf offms th ehvf ghrwlrm

ljhut 3  ⁍  4 ko. ghr kt th pusd caflr hg tdf skmf jahcis lom mlel

elcdkof. ]dlt‛s wdy yhu sdhuam ofvfr try th jlci hut hg l

 wktd tdf jalmf ehvkon.

 ”Bhdo dktf ks sdhp elolnfr ghr Gkof hhmwh

Cuttkon rhuom sthci ho tdf jlomslw 

 Slgf cuts ko rhuom sthci. Calep tdf sthci ko

l safm scrfwfm th l ektfr nlunf. Jf surf tdf

calep skts jfahw tdf sthci‛s cfotfrakof.

Pdhths, fxcfpt wdfrf ohtfm2 Elrckl Zylo9 tdks plnf (thp)2 Ifaay B. Muotho9 mrlwkon (glckon plnf)2 Wko

\&L 

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<07

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\2 Kt‛s dlrm th nft l aht hg afvfrlnf ho tdf jalmf

hg ey cljkoft slw wdfo K‛e tkndtfokon kt th tdflrjhr. dlt tfcdokquf sdhuam K usf th tkndtfo

tdf jalmf sh tdlt kt who‛t gay hgg wdkaf spkookon8

” LLZHO NZLDLE ,

 Blelk cl Palk o, Elss.

L2 BLEEKON L JAHCI HG HHM lnlkost tdf

jalmf‛s rke hr calepkon tdf jalmf clo

pfrelofotay mksthrt l prfcksfay elmf

jalmf. ]df eftdhm K usf mhfso‛t put loy

strfss ho tdf jalmf. Lgtfr yhu nft tdf out

gkonfr-tkndt lnlkost tdf jalmf, palcf tdf

 wrfocd ho tdf out, dham tdf jalmf wktd hof dlom, lom strkif

tdf wrfocd wktd l jahci hg dlrmwhhm, tlikon twh hr tdrffehmfrltf jahws. ]dks eftdhm skeualtfs tdf lctkho hg lo keplct

 wrfocd, uskon tdf kofrtkl hg tdf slw‛s mrkvf systfe th iffp tdf

lrjhr stkaa wdkaf tdf out ks tkndtfofm. Jfclusf hg tdf wly l slw

ks mfsknofm, yhu mho‛t dlvf th whrry tdlt uomfrtkndtfokon tdf

out crfltfs l rksi tdlt kt wkaa chef ahhsf lom laahw tdf jalmf

th gay hgg. ]df mkrfctkho hg tdf tdrflms ho tdf lrjhr ruo ko

hpphsktf mkrfctkho hg tdf lrjhr‛s rhtltkho9 sh fvfo l ahhsf  whuamo‛t spko hgg tdf sdlgt wdkaf tdf slw wls ruookon.

]h rfehvf tdf out, rfvfrsf tdf prhcfmurf. Palcf l sdhp

ho tdf fmnf hg tdf tljaf-kosfrt hpfokon th prfvfot tdf wrf

dlomaf grhe mkonkon tdf tljaf wdfo tdf out chefs ahhsf.

 

 Stflmy tdf jalmf wktd sakndt dlom prfssurf. ]dfo l gfw qukci rlps ho tdf grff fom hg tdf

wrfocd wktd l pkfcf hg dlrmwhhm lrf laa tdlt ks offmfm th tkndtfo tdf out shakmay (afgt). Ahhs

jalmf tdf slef wly, jut prhtfct tdf tljafthp grhe tdf ahhsfofm wrfocd (rkndt).

 ]ljafslw-jalmftkndtfokon tfcdokquf

\2  dfo uskon l dlomdfam

 bknslw, ey cuts hgtfo mfvkltf

grhe pfrpfomkcualr, fspfcklaay

 wdfo cuttkon curvfs ko tdkci

sthci. ^dlt mh yhu rfcheefom8

” ALZZ[ LOMFZSHO,

Sflttaf, ^lsd.

Iffp l squlrf fmnf wdkaf cuttkon wktd l bknslw

L2 CV]]KON LCCVZL]F CVZWFS wktd

l bknslw rfqukrfs tdf rkndt jalmf,

slw sfttkons, lom prhcfmurf.

Hocf yhu‛vf cdfcifm tdlt tdf

shaf hg tdf bknslw ks squlrf wktd

tdf jalmf, eltcd tdf wkmtd hg tdf

jalmf th tdf rlmkus hg tdf cut2 tdf

tkndtfr tdf rlmkus, tdf olrrhwfr

tdf jalmf. Ghr tkndt curvfs ko

sthci ls tdkci ls 3  ⁍  = ko., K usf tdf

olrrhw Jhscd ]<0<LH.

Kg yhur bknslw dls lo hsckaaltkon-

jalmf gflturf, usf tdf ahwfst

sfttkon th cut curvfs. Murkon tdf

cut, lppay prfssurf th tdf slw

hoay ko tdf mkrfctkho hg tdf cut.

Skmf prfssurf wkaa ghrcf tdf jalmfth tkp hr tkat, lom tdf cut wkaa oht

jf squlrf. Ehmfrltf th dknd jalmf

spffm lom l glkray sahw gffm rltf

 wkaa dfap prfvfot skmf prfssurf.

 ”Zhalom Bhdosho ks l

whhmwhrifr ko Slui Zlpkms,

 Ekoo., lom l chotrkjutkon fmkthr

th Gkof ^hhmwhrikon.

Cdhhsf tdf rkndt jalmf. L olr- 

rhw jalmf laahws ghr cuttkon tkndt

curvfs, lom tdf ehrf tfftd pfr

kocd, tdf sehhtdfr tdf cut. ]df

:0-tpk Jhscd ]<0<L0 (thp jalmf)

ks mfsknofm th cut tkndt curvfs ko

 sthci up th 3  ⁍  = ko. tdkci.

Prfssurf lko tdf mkrf

 tdf cut if

jalmf strl

PZHJAFE SHAV]KHO

Skmfwlys prfssurfclusfs tdf jalmf th

jfom lom cut lt lo

lonaf.

Lonafm cut Strlkndt cut

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.g ko fwhhmwhrik on .c he

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L2  K]D ]DF SL^ ]VZOFM HGG LOM VOPAVNNFM, scruj

hgg fejfmmfm slwmust wktd l jrlss jrusd. Spko tdf

 wdffa jy dlom lom dham tdf jrusd ko palcf lnlkosttdf wdffa. Lvhkm uskon hka-jlsfm shavfots sucd ls

plkot tdkoofr jfclusf tdfy ely mlelnf tdf rujjfr

hg tdf tkrf.

]h lvhkm tdf jukamup ko tdf gkrst palcf, yhu clo

elif tdrff skepaf ehmkgkcltkhos.

Gkrst, kostlaa l mfgafcthr tdlt wkaa cdloofa tdf m

thwlrm tdf pkciup cdutf. L pkfcf hg stkgg rujjf

gafxkjaf palstkc clo jf lttlcdfm wktd sfag-tlppkoscrfws hr mhujaf-skmfm lmdfskvf tlpf.

Sfchom, kostlaa lo lmmktkhola must pkciup ko td

jhtthe afgt-dlom chrofr hg tdf ahwfr dhuskon,

l pkaf hg must tfoms th chaafct. [hu clo usf l e

cuttkon dhaf slw th mrkaa tdf dhaf. L slwmust pk

cdutf lvlkaljaf grhe thha suppakfrs clo jf lttlc

 wktd scrfws hvfr tdf dhaf.

Gkolaay lom ehst kephrtlot, loy rfelkokon mu

clo jf ifpt hgg tdf wdffas jy kostlaakon ko tdf

dhuskon l stkgg jrusd tdlt caflos tdf ahwfr wdf

ls kt rhtltfs. K usf l whhmfo scruj jrusd wktd s

olturla jrkstafs tdlt K cut th skzf lom lttlcd wktd

 whhm scrfws, kosfrtfm tdrhund dhafs ko tdf efclstkon.

 ^ktd tdfsf ehmkgkcltkhos, K dlvfo‛t dlm th rfp

tdf tkrfs tdlt clef wktd ey jlomslw 30 yflrs l

 ”Ekcdlfa Ghrtuof ks l gurokturf

ko Alifgkfam, Hot., C

Iffp jlomslw tkrfs caflo\2 Dhw mh yhu caflo

fejfmmfm slwmust

hgg jlomslw tkrfslom ekokekzf tdf

must grhe jukamkon

up ho tdf tkrfs8

” EFA DLAPFZO,

Zkcdjhrh, Pl.

Kostlaa l jrusd ko tdf ahwfr dhuskon,

lnlkost tdf wdffa. Kturrl Mfskno

(444->::->0>4) clrrkfs l jrusd tdlt gkts

tdf Mfatl <=-ko. jlomslw.

Kostlaa l must mfgafcthr jfahw tdf

tljaf. Vsf l pkfcf hg gafxkjaf cuttkon

jhlrm, ghuom lt dlrmwlrf sthrfs, lom

lakno kt wktd tdf must-chaafctkho phrt.

Sehhtdfr cuts ho tdf tljafslwL2 ]LJAFSL^S OFFM LCCVZL]F

laknoefot th pfrghre wfaa. ]df

ektfr-nlunf sahts eust jf lmbustfm

plrlaafa wktd tdf jalmf, lom tdf rkp

gfocf sdhuam jf lmbustfm sakndtay

hut hg plrlaafa jy rfgfrfockon hggtdf ektfr saht. ]h iffp tdf rflr hg

tdf jalmf grhe rfcuttkon tdf sthci

 wdfo rkppkon, tdf rkp gfocf offms

th jf hut hg plrlaafa jy <  ⁍  7= ko. th<  ⁍  3: ko. hvfr kts afontd.

Ko lmmktkho, usf l spakttfr ko tdf

tljaf kosfrt hr lttlcd hof th tdf

lrjhr lssfejay th prfvfot tdf

 whri grhe chekon hgg tdf gfocf

lom koth tdf jalmf (cluskon

mlonfrhus ikcijlci) sdhuam kt

mfckmf th jhw ho yhu murkon l

cut. Ehst kephrtlotay, rfefejfr th

rfsft tdf gfocf plrlaafa th tdf jalmf

 wdfofvfr yhu ehvf tdf gfocf th

tdf afgt hg tdf jalmf. Kg yhu mho‛t,

tdf whri wkaa jkom ko tdf cut.

 ”Nlry Zhnhwsik ruos tdf

 Ohrtdwfst hhmwhrikon Stumkh ko

 Phrtalom, Hrf.

\2  dfo rkppkon

 wktd l clrjkmf jalmf

lom l Jkfsfefyfr

gfocf, K clooht iffp

tdf rflr hg tdf jalmf

grhe rfcuttkon wdltdls larflmy plssfm

tdrhund tdf grhot hg

tdf jalmf. Ks tdfrf l

shautkho8

” MFOOK S ^ LASD,

 ]wko Pflis , Clak g.

Hggsft jftwffo

gfocf lom ektfr

saht lt rflr hg tl< ⁍ 7= ko. th < ⁍ 3: ko.

HGGSF] ]DF GFOCF LOM LMM L SPAK]]FZ

Ghr cuts grff hg juros lom slwelris, lmbust tdf rkp gfocf s

hut hg plrlaafa wktd tdf ektfr-nlunf saht. L spakttfr iffps st

grhe mrkgtkon koth tdf jalmf lom cltcdkon.

Spakttfr prfvfots

ikcijlci.

Ektfr-nlunf saht,

plrlaafa wktd tdf jalmf Gfocf

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<04

\&L  chotkoufm

  Mrlwkon (tdks plnf)2 Ifaay B

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skepaf prhbfcts ghr tdf stumfots th

Ey slgfty kostructkhos ghr tdfe lrf

slef K nkvf th lmuats2

<. ]hhas lrf oht thys. Ko htdfr whrm

tdfe hoay ghr tdfkr kotfomfm purphsf.

:. Ofvfr usf l thha uotka yhu dlvf jff

sdhwo dhw th dlomaf kt prhpfray. Ghr l

tlif tkef th aflro th usf l thha. Dlvf td

slafselo nkvf yhu shef kostructkho, rfl

jhhi ho tdf thpkc, hr tlif l calss.3. Lawlys usf l thha tdf wly yhu wfrf s

Hjvkhusay, tdfrf lrf htdfr kephrtlot sl

ruafs, jut tdf phkot ks tdlt yhu ofvfr hu

tdf jlskc trutds, lom yhu‛rf ofvfr thh se

sakp up.

Zuafs th akvf jy  ^dkaf flcd thha dls kts slgfty ruafs,

lrf shef nfofrla prlctkcfs tdlt yhu s

rfpflt uotka tdfy jfchef konrlkofm dljkts.

Mho‛t durry, lom mho‛t whri tkrfm ”Ehst

ckmfots dlppfo jfclusf tdf whhmwhrifr wls ko

rusd lom mkm oht wlot th tlif tdf tkef th prfplrf ghr buhof qukci cut. ]df pfrsho iofw tdf rksi jut gknurfm kt wh

dlppfo tdks hof tkef. ^dfo yhu lrf gltknufm hr htdfrwksf

plkrfm, nft hut hg tdf sdhp.

Kg kt elifs yhu ofrvhus, mho‛t mh kt ”Lgtfr laa tdf fgg

 yhu nh tdrhund th trlko tdlt akttaf vhkcf ko yhur dflm, akstf

]rust kt th wlro yhu wdfo sheftdkon ks uoslgf.

Dffm tdf elouglcturfr‛s wlrokons”^f laa iohw tdh

slgfty kostructkhos lrf tdfrf prkelrkay th prhtfct tdf elou

fr grhe akljkakty. Dhwfvfr, akljkakty eflos shefhof dls nh

durt, sh tdf wlrokons lrf tdfrf th prhtfct yhu ls wfaa. ]dk

lppakfs th jalmf nulrms lom sdrhums. Surf, shef hg tdfe

plko, jut lo kobury ks whrsf.

 ^flr fyf prhtfctkho”Put ho slgfty nalssfs wdfofvfr lrf mhkon loytdkon tdlt clo sfom fvfo tdf selaafst pkfcf

 whhm hr eftla koth tdf lkr. Mho tdfe wdfofvfr stlrtkon l

cdkof hr swkonkon l dleefr hr elaaft.

Ey whrst fyf kobury wls tfephrlry, jut kt surf durt. Kt

dlppfofm gkvf yflrs lnh wdfo K wls trkeekon tdf fom hg

tfoho wktd l nhunf lom elaaft, lom l cduoi hg whhm php

upwlrm. Ghr :6 yflrs, K dlm nhttfo lwly wktd mhkon tdks tl

 wktdhut fyf prhtfctkho. ktd l dlom hvfr ey tdrhjjkon fy

Jfkon l whhmwhrifr nulrlotffs

tdlt pfrkhmkclaay yhu lrf nhkon th

nft durt. [hu clooht lttfom loy

 whhmwhrifrs sdhw hr cauj efft-

kon wktdhut ohtkckon dloms tdlt

lrf sdhrt l chupaf hg mknkts. [hu

dflr sthrkfs hg dhrrkjaf lcckmfots, fvfo gltla hofs.

 Lcckmfots lrf kofvktljaf. Sh yhur nhla sdhuam jf

th fosurf tdlt loy koburkfs lrf sakndt, tdf shrt yhu

clo trflt wktd jlomlnfs lom slavf rltdfr tdlo ltrkp th tdf dhspktla.

 Leputltkhos lom htdfr sfrkhus lcckmfots lrf oht

kofvktljaf. Ehst whhmwhrifrs elolnf th iffp

tdfkr jhmkfs kotlct. Lgtfr 30 yflrs hg whhmwhri-

kon, K dlvf ouefrhus selaa sclrs ho ey dloms jut

clo stkaa chuot th <0. K lash dlvf l sclr ho ey

ghrfdflm wdfrf K wls dkt jy l pkfcf

hg whhm tdlt gafw hut hg tdf

altdf. K wksd K dlm stlrtfm

uskon dflrkon prhtfctkho l aht

shhofr. Ey mhcthr tfaas ef K

clooht rfnlko ey dflrkon, hoay

prhtfct tdf akttaf K dlvf afgt. Htdfrwksf, K le ls che-paftf ls wdfo K fotfrfm tdf whram. Lgtfr :< yflrs hg tflcdkon

shef 3,600 pfhpaf, hoay twh dlvf cut tdfesfavfs jlmay fohund

th rfqukrf l mhcthr‛s lttfotkho. K akif th tdkoi kt ks jfclusf hg tdf

slgfty afcturf K nkvf lt tdf jfnkookon hg fvfry calss lom tdf rf-

koghrcfefot wf nkvf jfghrf fvfry mfehostrltkho.

 Latdhund tdfrf lrf ahts hg slgfty ruafs ghr whhmwhrikon, slgfty

ks l stltf hg ekom. Ko htdfr whrms, yhur jfst prhtfctkho ks aflro-

kon th jfdlvf slgfay. Mfvfahpkon tdks stltf hg ekom rfqukrfs

fejfmmkon kt ko yhur jrlko sh tdlt l akttaf vhkcf scrfles fvfry

tkef yhu gakrt wktd mlonfr. [hu sdhuam crfltf tdks stltf hg ekom

 wdkaf stkaa l jfnkoofr, jut kt ofvfr durts sflshofm whhmwhrifrs

th rfgrfsd lom strfontdfo kt.

]df jfst rfekomfrs lrf skepaf, akif tdf bkonafs Elmksho Lvfouf usfs th fejfm prhmuct olefs ko yhur ekom. L ghr-

efr stlgg efejfr, Mlo Glkl, ofvfr ghrnht tdf loohykon akttaf

lmlnf dks dknd-scdhha sdhp tflcdfr usfm2 ‑L caflo sdhp ks

l dlppy sdhp. L dlppy sdhp ks l guo sdhp. L guo sdhp ks l

slgf sdhp.― Latdhund tdks chroy mktty nfofrltfm l aht hg schro

grhe tdf tffolnf stumfots, Mlo ks stkaa kogaufocfm jy kt.

 L ahcla ikomfrnlrtfo tflcdfr jrkons dfr calss th hur scdhha

fvfry yflr ghr lo kotrhmuctkho th whhmwhrikon, lom wf sft up

Mrlwkon2 Akoml G

Zuaf hof2 Lvhkm elbhr koburkfs

J [ E K C D L F A M V Osdhp slgfty 

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<<0

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swhrf kg K wls stkaa ljaf th sff wdfo K thhi tdf dlom lwly tdlt K

 whuam wflr nhnnafs fvfr lgtfr.

Prhtfct yhur dflrkon lom auon s”]df koburkfs wf rksi lrf

oht lawlys ls keefmkltf ls jfkon dkt ko tdf fyf hr trkeekon

l mknkt hgg l dlom. [hu ahsf yhur dflrkon sh sahway yhu mho‛t

ohtkcf, jut fvfotulaay yhu fom up ls K dlvf, cuppkon yhur dlom

jfdkom yhur flr th dflr fvfo l ohrela chovfrsltkho.

Ofwfr flrpauns lom euggs lrf mfsknofm th aft dlreafss afvfas

hg shuom tdrhund, jahcikon hoay shuoms tdlt lrf mlonfrhusay

ahum. Shef euggs fvfo chef wktd l jukat-ko rlmkh. ]dfrf‛s oh

fxcusf ghr oht uskon tdfe.

  hhm must lom htdfr prhmucts wf usf clo mh cueualtkvf

mlelnf th hur auons. Kostlaa must chaafcthrs lom lkr caflofrs,

lom wflr l qulakty musi elsi wdfo mhkon loytdkon tdlt crfltfs

l aht hg gkof must. Zfefejfr, tdf must ks tdfrf, fvfo tdhund yhu

clooht sff kt ehst hg tdf tkef. Ko tdf wkotfr, wdfo tdf suo ks

ahw lom sdkofs mkrfctay tdrhund yhur sdhp wkomhws, ohtkcf tdf

fvfr-prfsfot cahum hg must dlonkon ko tdf lkr. ]df efehry hg

tdks cahum sdhuam sft hgg l akttaf vhkcf ko yhur dflm tdlt prhepts

 yhu th turo ho tdf lkr caflofr lom put ho l must elsi wdfo-

fvfr yhu pkci up slomplpfr.Iffp tdf sdhp caflo lom uocauttfrfm ”K dlvf dflrm hg

ahts hg lcckmfots tdlt kovhavf trkppkon hvfr cauttfr hr thhas

glaakon koth elcdkofs. ]dfsf kockmfots lrf l aht afss akifay kg yhu

caflo rfnualray. Lt hur scdhha, flcd stumfot ks kostructfm

th keefmkltfay pkci up loy selaa pkfcfs hg whhm tdlt glaa

tdf gahhr lom palcf tdfe ko tdf juro jlrrfa. Jfclusf tdf s

 wlais lrhuom tdf whhmsdhp chostlotay, wf dlvf l vfstfm

kotfrfst ko tdks. K dlvf oflray glaafo sfvfrla tkefs stfppkon

selaa cuthggs.

  f dlvf stumfots put lwly tdfkr thhas lom caflo tdf jfo

lgtfr fvfry hpfrltkho. f sthp tdf calss lom caflo tdf sdh

frla tkefs l mly lom jfghrf aflvkon ghr tdf okndt.

Caflo lom uocauttfrfm lash lppakfs th yhur pfrsho. Zfeh

bfwfary, rhaa up saffvfs, lom tkf up ahon dlkr. Loy hg tdfsf

nft clundt ko l ehvkon jalmf.

Prfvfot lcckmfots, jut prfplrf ghr tdfe”]dks shuo

jkt chotrlmkcthry, shrt hg akif tdf ham Zhelo slykon, ‑]h pr

sfrvf pflcf, prfplrf ghr wlr.― Jut l qukci rfsphosf clo d

hgg l truf mkslstfr. Iffp fefrnfocy ouejfrs jy tdf pdho

Iffp l efmkcla ikt ko tdf sdhp. Mkspaly lom elkotlko yhu

fxtkonuksdfrs. Kostlaa l elstfr ikaa swktcd ghr laa hg yhur el

cdkofs. Iffp dflrkon, fyf, lom must prhtfctkho lt fvfry w

stltkho.

Prhtfct yhur prhpfrty ”Gkolaay, slgfty lppakfs th yhur

frty ls wfaa ls th yhur pfrsho. K iohw ouefrhus pfhpaf wsdhps dlvf jurofm th tdf nrhuom. Mksphsf hg hka-shlifm r

prhpfray. Iffp galeeljafs tkndtay clppfm lom ko l eftla c

oft. Vopaun jlttfry cdlrnfrs lom phrtljaf phwfr thhas jfg

aflvkon tdf sdhp ghr tdf okndt.

P H ^ F Z ] H H A J L S K C S : 0 0 > www.gk ofwhhmwhr i kon. che

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Akstfo cahsfay th yhur thhas, lom tdfy‛aa

spfli vhauefs. ]df shuoms l thha elifs

clo lafrt yhu th l muaa jalmf, lo kochrrfct

sftup, hr l gluaty tfcdokquf. Kg yhu aflro

tdfkr alonulnf, yhur thhas wkaa tfaa yhu

ljhut kssufs sh yhu clo sft tdfe rkndt

jfghrf tdfy jfchef prhjafes.

Jlomslws sdhuam due

]df jlomslw ks hof hg tdf ehst vhcla thhas ko tdfsdhp, sh dflr wdlt kt dls th sly jfghrf yhu stlrt

slwkon. Kg laa‛s wfaa, yhu‛aa dflr ohtdkon jut tdf

ehthr‛s due lom tdf wdkrakon wdffas. Kg yhu

dflr scrltcdkon, sheftdkon‛s thucdkon

 wdfrf kt sdhuamo‛t.

Cdfci ghr mfjrks

ko tdf ahwfr nukmf,

hr sff kg tdf jalmf

nulrm ks rujjkon ho

tdf uppfr wdffa hr

kg tdf nukmfs lrf thh

cahsf th tdf jalmf.

 ^dfo tdf jalmf tfo-skho ks kolmfqultf,

 yhu‛aa dflr l salppkon

shuom bust ljhvf tdf

tljaf ho tdf afgt-dlom

skmf hg tdf elcdkof.

 L rdytdekc tkcikon

eflos tdlt hof spht

ho tdf jalmf ks dkttkon

tdf nukmfs. Kg kt‛s l shgt

tkci, kt‛s akifay ohtdkon

ehrf tdlo l rhund wfam

ho tdf jalmf9 gkx kt jy

tlikon l gkaf th tdfspht, jut jf clrf-

gua oht th mlelnf

tdf tfftd hr cdlonf

tdfkr sft.

 L ahum tkci eflos

tdfrf‛s l ikoi ko tdf

jalmf tdlt chuam

jrfli lt loy eh-

efot. ]df ikoi ely dlvf ghrefm wdfo yhu trkfm th

slw l rlmkus tkndtfr tdlo tdf jalmf chuam elolnf.

Ofxt tkef yhu cut l tkndt curvf, akstfo ghr tdf jalmf‛s

 wlkakon ehlo tdlt slys, ‑]df jalmf ks bleefm

lnlkost tdf nukmfs. [hu‛vf turofm thh glr!― Ghrckon

tdf turo jfyhom tdks phkot wkaa mlelnf tdf jalmf.

Aflro wdfo th lmbust tdf gffm rltf jy akstfokon th

tdf ehthr‛s pktcd ls yhu cut. ^dfo tdf pktcd stlrts

nfttkon sahwfr lom mffpfr ko thof, yhu‛vf fxcffmfm

tdf spffm akekt. Jlci hgg tdf cut. Lmbustkon tdf gffmrltf jlsfm ho pktcd dhams truf ghr laa slws”lom bust

ljhut fvfry htdfr phwfr thha ls wfaa.

 ]ljafslws sdhuam wdkr sehhtday, wdftdfr cuttkon hr oht

 ^dfo laa‛s wfaa wktd tdf tljafslw,

ruookon kt wktdhut ahlm wkaa prh-

mucf l stflmy, jrfltdy wdkof tdlt

 vlrkfs ko pktcd ghr flcd jalmf. Kg tdf

jalmf ks sdlrp lom truf, tdf tljafslw

jlrfay wkaa shuom loy mkggfrfot

 wdfo slwkon whhm.

 L cdflp hr jlmay jlalocfmjalmf mhfso‛t shuom sehhtd

 wdfo tdf slw ks ruookon

 wktdhut ahlm, lom kt calttfrs

 wdfo slwkon. Kg yhur tljafslw

elifs l ahum tduoi wdfo yhu

turo kt ho, tdf jfats prhjljay

offm tkndtfokon.

 Bhkotfr lom palofr chepalko wdfo yhu nh lnlkost tdf nrlko]df bhkotfr hr palofr wkaa tfaa yhu

 wdfo yhu‛rf ruookon tdf whhm

tdrhund tdf elcdkof lnlkost tdfnrlko. Zltdfr tdlo tdf usula tkci-

kon ohksf hg tdf iokvfs, yhu‛aa

dflr sheftdkon tdlt

shuoms ehrf akif

tflrkon, l ikom hg

iiiiirrrrrkkkkci  

ls tdf cduois

rkp hut. Kt‛s l

Akstfo th yhur thhas]DF[ EL[ JF ]FAAKON [HV ]DL] SHEF]DKON‛S ^ZHON

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N Mrlwkons2 Cduci<<:

J [ L K E Ë H O ] L Z K H G Z L guomlefotlas

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mkggfrfot shuom grhe tdf

 gwlci-gwlci-gwlci  salp-

pkon hg muaa iokvfs. ]dks

muaa shuom ks skekalr th tdf

shuom tdf bhkotfr lom palofr

elif wdfo cahnnfm

 wktd cdkps. Kg tdf must-

chaafctkho systfe kso‛t

 whrikon, tdf salppkon

shuom hg tdf jalmfs

 wkaa jf euggafm jy tdf

cdkps ahmnfm jftwffo

tdf iokvfs lom tdf

 whhm.

Zhutfrs cdlonfpktcd wdfo tdfrf‛s

l prhjafe

Zhutfrs wdkof l aht, jutl scrffcd hr l wlka eflos

sheftdkon‛s wrhon”akifay l

jlm jflrkon. L ahwfr pktcd eflos

tdf rhutfr ks tlikon thh jkn l jktf lom jhnnkon mhwo.

 [hu sdhuam rfmucf tdf cut hr gffm rltf.

 ^dfo lpprhlcdkon l chrofr ho tdf whripkfcf

 wktd lo fmnf-trkeekon jkt ko tdf rhutfr, yhu clo

lvhkm tflrhut jy akstfokon ghr tflrkon uomfrthofs lom

jlcikon hgg tdf kostlot yhu dflr tdfe. ]lif l akndt

plss lrhuom tdf chrofr ko tdf wrhon mkrfctkho th

sthp hr lt aflst rfmucf tflrhut. ]dfsf jlciwlrm, hr

cakej, cuts gffa guooy”jf prfplrfm ghr tdf rhutfr th

juci lom squkre l akttaf. Hocf yhu dlvf caflrfm tdf wly, nh jlci th rhutkon grhe afgt th rkndt lom che-

paftf tdf chrofr.

Kg yhu‛rf uskon l rhutfr rkmkon lnlkost l tfepaltf

th sdlpf curvfm pkfcfs, iffp tdf lehuot yhu cut th

afss tdlo tdf rlmkus hg tdf jkt. Kg kt‛s ehrf, tdf rhutfr

 who‛t ofcfsslrkay sahw mhwo, jut yhu wkaa dflr

tflrkon ohksfs ls tdf hutfr fmnf hg tdf jkt rkps

lwly akttaf cduois hg whhm (tdhund oht lawlys

sh akttaf”wltcd hut ghr mfjrks).

Mrkaas dlvf tdfkr hwo alonulnfFvfo l chrmafss mrkaa dls l mkstkoctkvf

 vhcljualry hg ohksfs. [hu prhjljay iohw

dhw kt shuoms wdfo tdf jlttfry ks guaay cdlrnfm

hr wdfo kt‛s oflray mflm. Jut clo yhu tfaa wdfo

tdf jkt ks ljhut th puocd tdrhund tdf whhm8

Akstfo cahsfay ofxt tkef, lom yhu‛aa dflr l

sakndt ahwfrkon ko pktcd ls tdf mrkaa aljhrs

tdrhund tdhsf mkggkcuat gkola rhtltkhos. Ko

eftlas hr dlrmwhhms, yhu‛aa lash dflr l

akttaf scrffcd tdlt eflos kt‛s tkef th flsf

hgg ho yhur pusdkon lom th prfplrf ghr tdlt wrkst-

 wrfocdkon ikci.

Mrkaas elif htdfr dfapgua shuoms. L phuomkon

ohksf wdfo mrkvkon scrfws eflos tdlt tdf mrkvfr‛s

oht guaay fonlnfm”kt‛s jhuockon ko lom hut hg tdf

scrfw dflm. Pusd dlrmfr th iffp tdf mrkvfr fo-

nlnfm ko tdf saht. L cdhppy wdkof eflos tdf spffm

swktcd ks stuci jftwffo dknd lom ahw. Lom, hg

chursf, tdfrf‛s tdf jrrrrrrkpp hg tdf cautcd rfaflsf,

 wdkcd eflos tdf scrfw ks ko ls glr ls kt clo nh ho

tdlt sfttkon.

Dlom thhas tfaa yhu wdfo tdfy‛rf dlppy  ^dfo laa‛s wfaa wktd l dlompalof, kt fekts l sehhtd

wdhhhhksssssd, akif tdf tflrkon hg skai. L muaa jalmf

elifs l sfrkfs hg iwhhhhhcdddd ohksfs, skekalr

th tdf shuom hg shefhof nfttkon rflmy th spkt.

 ^dfo tdf krho ks sdlrp, jut yhu‛rf palokon lnlkost

tdf nrlko, yhu‛aa dflr lo uomfrthof hg rkppkon ls tdfgkjfrs jrfli hgg rltdfr tdlo nft cafloay sdflrfm.

Kg l dlomslw ks muaa hr ks tdf wrhon typf ghr tdf

bhj (sucd ls rkppkon wktd l crhsscut slw), yhu

clo dflr kt ko tdf cut. Zltdfr tdlo tdf juskofssakif

vhh-jl hg l nhhm slw (hr tdf jl-vhh hg l Blplofsf

slw), yhu‛aa dflr l afss-lccfotfm dugg-dl. Kg yhur

slw ks cuttkon wfaa, elkotlko l stflmy rdytde. [hu

ely dlvf th latfr yhur stlocf lom laknoefot uotka

 yhu nft tdlt shuom ghr sfvfrla sfchoms. ]dfo yhu

clo aft ahhsf lom slw rkndt tdrhund.

Flcd thha dls kts hwo alonulnf, lom wktd l akttaf

fxpfrkfocf yhu clo uomfrstlom

 wdlt flcd hof dls th sly. [hu‛aafonlnf ko l mklahnuf wktd tdf

thha tdlt clo‛t dfap jut elif

 yhu l jfttfr whhmwhrifr.

Sh akstfo up! ▬

G K O F ^ H H M ^ H Z I K O N<<=

 guomlefotlas chotkoufm

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Zlks

Jlomslws, p. 30

Zhutfr Bkns, p. 40

^]DF JFS] HG

jlskcsPhwfr thha

•NF] EHZF GZHE [HVZ ]HHAS

•KEPZHWF [HVZ ]FCDOK\VFS

•ELIF ]KEF-SLWKON BKNSMrkaa Prfss, p. 37