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1775-1815
The Thirteen Colonies of the United States
• Were British colonies in North America.• Divided into 3 groups• New England- New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut• Middle Colonies- New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Delaware• Southern Colonies-Maryland, Virginia, North
and South California, Georgia
1774 Sugar Act
• English try to make people buy English products (Sugar, molasses)
• French products had taxes put on them to make more expensive
• Caused difficulty to markets (reduced where they could sell products)
• Reduced amount of money they could spend on other goods
1765 Stamp Act
• Legal documents, newspapers, deeds, mortgage
• Purpose was to support the army
• Merchants boycotted the British goods because of the law
• Tax collectors were terrorized
• In 1766 the stamp act was withdrawn
1767 Townshend Act
• Taxes were placed on glass, silk , paper, paint and lead .
• The sale of British goods felled by almost 2/3
• In 1770 the taxes were dropped on everything but tea
1773 Tea Act
• The east Indian company was given the right to sell tea
• Ships of the Indians were refused admittance
• At the Boston tea party 3 shiploads of tea was destroyed
• Boston was closed to all shipping until the tea was paid.
1774 The Intolerable Acts
• Boston closed to all shipping until all the destroyed tea was paid for.
• Public meetings forbidden, 4000 British troops stationed
• Quebec act gave control of the Ohio territory, the largest piece of land in North America
Taxation Without Representation
• Between 1763-1775 the Thirteen Colonies were taxed by the British government after the war
• There was no representatives in the thirteen colonies to speak on their behalf, and they could not elect any
• The people of the thirteen colonies were very angry at this decision made by the British
• The funds from the taxes were used to support the armies and fortresses for the British
• This was a pointless waste of money, because they war had already ended
Why are the following events/concept important to
Canada’s upcoming Nationhood?
American Revolution and the Refugees
• in 1775 protests became armed fights
• Thirteen companies invaded Quebec on New Year’s Eve
• General Ben Franklin and Montgomery
• People of Nova Scotia did not join the revolution
The Constitutional Act of 1791
• Gave the people of Upper and Lower Canada Their own Legislative Assemblies and representative government
• Aim was to recognize the bicultural nature of Quebec by dividing it into 2 colonies:Upper and Lower Canada
• Each got its own laws and systems of government
• Upper Canada to have its own English civil law and criminal law
Loyalists (Tories)
• They were loyal to Britain• Businesses were destroyed and homes taken
away by Patriots. Even after treaty of Paris this still continued
• The arrival of the loyalists created 2 new colonies. Brunswick formed from part of nova Scotia and Quebec was split into upper and lower Canada
• Most Iroquois were loyalists• British government protected loyalists
British Colony of New Brunswick
• Nova Scotia split into two colonies of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
• Loyalists had all lot of reasons for two colonies
• made Representative government
• First Legislature met in 1788
Migration Northward
• Loyalists or Tories left from the Thirteen colonies
• Traveled to Canada, Britain, and the West Indies
• They left because of the disagreements with the patriots that the British should be overthrown
• This caused new settlements all over Canada
The War Of 1812
• June 18, 1812 United States Declare war on Britain
• War started as part of ongoing conflict between Britain and America
• Britain Seized American Ships • Americans try to take over Canada• Canada fight of Americans• War of 1812 made Canadians Feel more
individual• Canada become more close to Britain
Captain James Cook
• James Cook was a English explorer, navigator and cartographer.
• Made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean achieving the first European contact with the eastern coastline.
• Was the first to map Newfoundland• Joined the royal navy in 1775
Captain George Vancouver
• Was an officer for the Royal Navy
• Was best known for his exploration of North America including the pacific along British Colombia
Simon Fraser
• Was a fur trader and explorer who explored most of what is now British Colombia
• Was employed by the North West Company
• He had been put in charge of all the trading posts west of the Rocky Mountains
David Thompson
• Was born in London, England, on April 30 1770
• In 1786 he journeyed inland along the North Saskatchewan River to Manchester House