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1861-1865
The Union & Confederacy in The Union & Confederacy in 18611861
The Union & Confederacy in The Union & Confederacy in 18611861
Goal of the SouthGoal of the South
Fight until the North gets tired and leavesFight until the North gets tired and leaves
the south alone—don’t need a victorythe south alone—don’t need a victory
Goal of the NorthGoal of the North
Save the Union at all costSave the Union at all cost
http://www.history.com/http://www.history.com/videos/us-inches-closer-videos/us-inches-closer-to-warto-war
Fort Sumter, South Fort Sumter, South CarolinaCarolina
Since South Carolina Since South Carolina had seceded from the had seceded from the United States, it didn’t United States, it didn’t want Northern soldiers want Northern soldiers on its land at Fort on its land at Fort SumterSumter
Southern General Southern General Bueargard tried to get Bueargard tried to get the northern general the northern general Anderson to peacefully Anderson to peacefully surrender Fort Sumter.surrender Fort Sumter.
Picture Credit: members.aol.com/larrykench/ W1861001.html
http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/fort-sumter/fort-sumter-maps/animated-map/
Fort SumterFort SumterThe first major battle of The first major battle of the Civil War began on the Civil War began on April 12, 1861.April 12, 1861.
After 2 days, the North After 2 days, the North surrendered to the surrendered to the South.South.
No one was killed but 1 No one was killed but 1 soldier who was killed soldier who was killed when a cannon when a cannon backfired during the backfired during the surrendering ceremony.surrendering ceremony.
Picture Credit: http://library.thinkquest.org/3055/graphics/battles/images/sumteranim.gif
The Leaders of the The Leaders of the ConfederacyConfederacy
The Leaders of the The Leaders of the ConfederacyConfederacy
Pres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander VP Alexander StephensStephens
VP Alexander VP Alexander StephensStephens
Pres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson Davis
As a leader, Jefferson Davis, tended toAs a leader, Jefferson Davis, tended to
make decisions that went against publicmake decisions that went against public
opinion- this tended to cause less to be opinion- this tended to cause less to be accomplishedaccomplished
A Northern View of Jeff A Northern View of Jeff DavisDavis
A Northern View of Jeff A Northern View of Jeff DavisDavis
Vice President Vice President Alexander StephensAlexander Stephens
Georgia Platform Georgia Platform -was a statement written by -was a statement written by Stephens, Robert Toombs, and Howell Cobb, Stephens, Robert Toombs, and Howell Cobb, showing their support for the Compromise of showing their support for the Compromise of 1850.1850.
Argues against secession Argues against secession during the state convention during the state convention on the issue on the issue
Coins the phrase-Coins the phrase-
““War of Northern Aggression”War of Northern Aggression”
Vice President Vice President Alexander StephensAlexander Stephens
““Our new government is founded upon exactly the Our new government is founded upon exactly the opposite idea; its foundations are laid, its corner- stone opposite idea; its foundations are laid, its corner- stone rests, upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to rests, upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the the
white man; that slavery white man; that slavery subordination to the superior subordination to the superior race is his natural and normal race is his natural and normal conditioncondition
Coins the phrase-Coins the phrase-““War of Northern Aggression”War of Northern Aggression”
The Leader of the UnionThe Leader of the UnionThe Leader of the UnionThe Leader of the Union
http://www.history.com/videos/us-inches-closer-to-war#abraham-lincoln
Lincoln’s war strategyLincoln’s war strategy
Quick military attack to show south theyQuick military attack to show south they
can not win and will rejoin Unioncan not win and will rejoin Union
Lincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s Generals
Irwin McDowellIrwin McDowellIrwin McDowellIrwin McDowell
Winfield ScottWinfield ScottWinfield ScottWinfield Scott
George McClellan,George McClellan,Again!Again!
George McClellan,George McClellan,Again!Again!
George McClellanMcClellanGeorge McClellanMcClellan
Ambrose BurnsideAmbrose Burnside
Joseph HookerJoseph HookerJoseph HookerJoseph Hooker
George MeadeGeorge MeadeGeorge MeadeGeorge MeadeUlysses S. GrantUlysses S. GrantUlysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant
McClellan: McClellan: I Can Do It I Can Do It All!All!
McClellan: McClellan: I Can Do It I Can Do It All!All!
Ulysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant“He's the quietest little fellow you ever saw. He makes the least fuss of any man you ever knew. I believe he had been in this room a minute or so before I knew he was here. Grant is the first general I have had. You know how it's been with all the rest…”- Abraham Lincoln
Picture Credit: www.guyartgallery.com/ civil%20war%20gallery.htm
The Confederate The Confederate GeneralsGenerals
The Confederate The Confederate GeneralsGenerals
Jeb StuartJeb StuartJeb StuartJeb Stuart
James LongstreetJames LongstreetJames LongstreetJames Longstreet
George PickettGeorge PickettGeorge PickettGeorge Pickett
““Stonewall” JacksonStonewall” Jackson““Stonewall” JacksonStonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Nathan Bedford ForrestForrest
Nathan Bedford Nathan Bedford ForrestForrest
Robert E. LeeRobert E. LeeRobert E. LeeRobert E. Lee
The South’s MilitaryThe South’s Military
The south has better soldiers and betterThe south has better soldiers and better
Generals—how could this impact the war?Generals—how could this impact the war?
Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee
Led the US Army to put Led the US Army to put down the attack on the down the attack on the Arsenal at Harper’s Ferry Arsenal at Harper’s Ferry by John Brown.by John Brown.Was considered to be the Was considered to be the greatest military man of greatest military man of his time.his time.Was asked to lead the Was asked to lead the Union Army by President Union Army by President Lincoln but turned the Lincoln but turned the position down because he position down because he would not fight against his would not fight against his fellow Virginians.fellow Virginians.
Picture Credit: www.guyartgallery.com/ civil%20war%20gallery.htm
Stonewall JacksonStonewall JacksonHe led a valley campaign He led a valley campaign for 3 months in 1862.for 3 months in 1862.He liked to suck on He liked to suck on lemons all the time.lemons all the time.He said, “If this Valley is He said, “If this Valley is lost, Virginia is lost.”lost, Virginia is lost.”His military reputation is His military reputation is perhaps greater than any perhaps greater than any other Civil War General other Civil War General because he won with a because he won with a smaller army the majority smaller army the majority of the time.of the time.
Picture Credit: www.lib.utexas.edu/photodraw/ portraits/
Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run (1(1stst Manassas) Manassas)
July, 1861July, 1861
Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run (1(1stst Manassas) Manassas)
July, 1861July, 1861
The 1st Manassas The 1st Manassas or 1st Bull Run, VAor 1st Bull Run, VA
July 21,1861July 21,1861The general for the The general for the confederates was confederates was Stonewall Jackson & Stonewall Jackson & Beauregard.Beauregard.The general for the The general for the Yankees was McDowell.Yankees was McDowell.The North had 387 The North had 387 soldiers killed while the soldiers killed while the South lost 460.South lost 460.The South won the The South won the battle.battle. Picture Credit: http://www.multied.com/civilwar/Bull.gif
Results of Bull RunResults of Bull Run
The north realized that the war would notThe north realized that the war would not
be over quicklybe over quickly
The South became over confident—manyThe South became over confident—many
southern soldiers went home.southern soldiers went home.
Lincoln’s new War StrategyLincoln’s new War Strategy
capturing Richmond.capturing Richmond.
seizing control of the Mississippi River.seizing control of the Mississippi River.
undermining the Confederate economy.undermining the Confederate economy.
a naval blockade.a naval blockade.
OverviewOverviewofof
the the North’sNorth’s
Civil WarCivil WarStrategy:Strategy:
““AnacondAnaconda”a”
PlanPlan
OverviewOverviewofof
the the North’sNorth’s
Civil WarCivil WarStrategy:Strategy:
““AnacondAnaconda”a”
PlanPlan
The “Anaconda” PlanThe “Anaconda” PlanThe “Anaconda” PlanThe “Anaconda” Plan
The Monitor
The Battle of the The Battle of the Ironclads,Ironclads,
March, 1862March, 1862
The Battle of the The Battle of the Ironclads,Ironclads,
March, 1862March, 1862The Monitor
vs.the Merrimac
The Monitor vs.
the Merrimac
The Battle of the IroncladsThe Battle of the Ironclads
March 8-9, 1862March 8-9, 1862The battle took place in The battle took place in Hampton Roads, VA.Hampton Roads, VA.The South had built an The South had built an iron ship called the iron ship called the Merrimac or the Merrimac or the Virginia.Virginia.The North challenged The North challenged the Confederate ship the Confederate ship with the northern iron with the northern iron ship called the Monitor.ship called the Monitor.
Picture Credit: http://www.mandia.com/kelly/webpage/99_student_pages/merrimack_monitor/battle.jpg
The IroncladsThe Ironclads
The two iron ships The two iron ships fought for 5 hours fought for 5 hours and even collided 5 and even collided 5 times. Neither side times. Neither side won except the won except the North kept the South North kept the South from getting from getting supplies from the supplies from the rest of the world.rest of the world.
Picture Credit: http://www.mandia.com/kelly/webpage/99_student_pages/merrimack_monitor/battle.jpg
Damage on the Deck of the Damage on the Deck of the MonitorMonitor
Damage on the Deck of the Damage on the Deck of the MonitorMonitor
2nd Manassas or2nd Manassas or2nd Bull Run, VA2nd Bull Run, VA
August 29-30, 1862August 29-30, 1862The general for the The general for the Confederate was Confederate was Stonewall Jackson.Stonewall Jackson.The general for the The general for the Yankees was John Yankees was John Pope.Pope.The North lost 16,000 The North lost 16,000 soldiers while the South soldiers while the South lost only 9,000lost only 9,000The South won the The South won the battle.battle.
Picture Credit: www.multied.com/civilwar/ SecondManassas.html
War in the East: 1861-War in the East: 1861-18621862
War in the East: 1861-War in the East: 1861-18621862
Battle of AntietamBattle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the “Bloodiest Single Day of the
War”War”
Battle of AntietamBattle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the “Bloodiest Single Day of the
War”War”
23,000 23,000 casualtiescasualties
23,000 23,000 casualtiescasualties
September 17, September 17, 18621862September 17, September 17, 18621862
http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/antietam/maps/antietam-animated-map.html
Antietam or Sharpsburg, Antietam or Sharpsburg, MarylandMaryland
September 17, 1862September 17, 1862The general for the The general for the Confederates was Confederates was Robert E. Lee.Robert E. Lee.The general for the The general for the Yankees was Yankees was McClellan.McClellan.
Picture Credit: memory.loc.gov/.../newsletter/ august01/feature.html
AntietamAntietamThe Battle took place in The Battle took place in Farmer Miller’s cornfield.Farmer Miller’s cornfield.The battle is known as the The battle is known as the Single bloodiest day in the Single bloodiest day in the Civil War.Civil War.23,500 men were killed in the 23,500 men were killed in the Bloody lane.Bloody lane.The name of the bridge The name of the bridge where the confederates held where the confederates held the Yankees for 4 hours is the Yankees for 4 hours is called, Burnside.called, Burnside.The south used rocks when The south used rocks when they ran out of ammunition.they ran out of ammunition.North won the battle.North won the battle.
Picture Credit: www.trubador.com/bridge.htm
Results of AntietamResults of Antietam
England and France decided not to helpEngland and France decided not to help
the souththe south
Lincoln was waiting for a victory to releaseLincoln was waiting for a victory to release
the Emancipation Proclamationthe Emancipation Proclamation
http://www.history.com/shows/classroom/videos/gilder-lehrman-the-emancipation-proclamation#gilder-lehrman-the-emancipation-proclamation
TheTheEmancipatiEmancipati
ononProclamatioProclamatio
nn
TheTheEmancipatiEmancipati
ononProclamatioProclamatio
nn
It freed the It freed the slaves only in slaves only in states that have states that have seceded from the seceded from the Union.Union.
It did not free It did not free slaves in border slaves in border states.states.
Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863
The Southern View of The Southern View of EmancipationEmancipation
The Southern View of The Southern View of EmancipationEmancipation
Emancipation Proclamation-Emancipation Proclamation-18631863
Slaves in border states not freeSlaves in border states not free
Slaves in Confederate states (statesSlaves in Confederate states (states
fighting against the Union) are freefighting against the Union) are free
Does this change the status of slaves?Does this change the status of slaves?
BUT-thousands of slaves run away (hurtsBUT-thousands of slaves run away (hurts
the economy) some join the Union armythe economy) some join the Union army
Changes war from saving the Union to aChanges war from saving the Union to a
moral war of abolitionmoral war of abolition
Results of the EmancipationResults of the EmancipationProclamationProclamation
Many northerners oppose war as anMany northerners oppose war as an
““abolition war’—leading to desertionsabolition war’—leading to desertions
Abolitionists complaints that it did not doAbolitionists complaints that it did not do
enoughenough
Many Republican congressional electionsMany Republican congressional elections
were lost.were lost.http://www.history.com/shows/classroom/videos/gilder-lehrman-the-emancipation-proclamation#civil-war-turning-point
African-American Recruiting African-American Recruiting PosterPoster
African-American Recruiting African-American Recruiting PosterPoster
After the Emancipation After the Emancipation Proclamation blacks Proclamation blacks began to join the Union began to join the Union ArmyArmyInitially they were only Initially they were only used for manual laborused for manual laborEventually, Blacks saw Eventually, Blacks saw live combatlive combat5454thth regiment out of regiment out of MassachusettsMassachusetts William Carney
POLITICAL / ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSPOLITICAL / ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSw/o Southerners in fed. gov't, many changes occurred that w/o Southerners in fed. gov't, many changes occurred that benefited the North:benefited the North:1) 1) Homestead ActHomestead Act passed by Congress in 1862 - encouraged W. passed by Congress in 1862 - encouraged W. expansion w/o slaveryexpansion w/o slavery - 165 acres given to anyone who would farm it 5 yrs.- 165 acres given to anyone who would farm it 5 yrs.2) 2) Union-Pacific RailwayUnion-Pacific Railway was authorized - great trade potential, was authorized - great trade potential, focused on the Northern States.focused on the Northern States.3) 3) TariffsTariffs were put in place to protect Northern industry were put in place to protect Northern industry
4) Congress established a single 4) Congress established a single federal currency - same value in all federal currency - same value in all states - known as "states - known as "GreenbacksGreenbacks" " 5) to cover war debts, Union gov't 5) to cover war debts, Union gov't issued issued war bondswar bonds and intro'd and intro'd income taxincome tax6) in a further illustration of fed. 6) in a further illustration of fed. gov't power, Lincoln's gov't gov't power, Lincoln's gov't restricted civil liberties so nothing restricted civil liberties so nothing would detract from Union war would detract from Union war effort (suspended effort (suspended Habeas CorpusHabeas Corpus))- free press/ speech also - free press/ speech also interruptedinterrupted
The War The War in in
the West, the West, 1863:1863:
VicksburgVicksburg
The War The War in in
the West, the West, 1863:1863:
VicksburgVicksburg
What was the importance of the NorthWhat was the importance of the Northwinning at Vicksburg?winning at Vicksburg?
Look at the mapLook at the map
shows south can not winshows south can not win
• Split the south-Texas cut off
• Mississippi open for northern trade
• Victory shuts up peace agitators
• North Victory at North Victory at VicksburgVicksburg
July 4, 1863 - another Union victory - won by U.S. July 4, 1863 - another Union victory - won by U.S. Grant, cut South in 1/2 and gave the Union control Grant, cut South in 1/2 and gave the Union control of Mississippi Riverof Mississippi RiverGrant was then given control of all Union armies Grant was then given control of all Union armies began a "began a "scorched earthscorched earth" policy to defeat the South" policy to defeat the SouthGeneral General ShermanSherman given task of taking Atlanta; his given task of taking Atlanta; his ""March through GeorgiaMarch through Georgia"" saw total destruction saw total destruction from Atlanta to Savannah from Atlanta to Savannah
The Battle of Chickamauga was biggest battle ever fought The Battle of Chickamauga was biggest battle ever fought in Georgia, it took place on September 18-20, 1863, With in Georgia, it took place on September 18-20, 1863, With 34,000 casualties, it is generally accepted as the second 34,000 casualties, it is generally accepted as the second bloodiest engagement of the war; only the Battle of bloodiest engagement of the war; only the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania, with 51,000 casualties, was Gettysburg in Pennsylvania, with 51,000 casualties, was deadlier. The campaign is counted as a Confederate deadlier. The campaign is counted as a Confederate victory but General Braxton Bragg blundered when he victory but General Braxton Bragg blundered when he failed to chase the retreating Union troops out of failed to chase the retreating Union troops out of Chattanooga.Chattanooga.
The Road to The Road to Gettysburg: 1863Gettysburg: 1863
The Road to The Road to Gettysburg: 1863Gettysburg: 1863
http://www.history.com/videos/the-battle-of-gettysburg#the-battle-of-gettysburg
Lee realized that the South was in dire straits and decided that it was crucial to attack Lee realized that the South was in dire straits and decided that it was crucial to attack the North on its own territorythe North on its own territory
July 1-3, 1863 - July 1-3, 1863 - BATTLE OF GETTYSBURGBATTLE OF GETTYSBURG, Pa., Pa.
Confed. bombardment; Union held firmConfed. bombardment; Union held firm
on July 3, General Pickett led 15,000 Confed. Troops across open fields - Union mowed on July 3, General Pickett led 15,000 Confed. Troops across open fields - Union mowed them down (= "them down (= "Pickett’s ChargePickett’s Charge")")
Lee was defeated and retreated to VirgniaLee was defeated and retreated to Virgnia
Gettysburg is the largest battle in the history of the Western hemisphere.Gettysburg is the largest battle in the history of the Western hemisphere.
Over 100, 000 people died in 3 days Over 100, 000 people died in 3 days It was the last time the South invaded the North.It was the last time the South invaded the North.
Gettysburg Gettysburg CasualtiesCasualtiesGettysburg Gettysburg CasualtiesCasualties
Results of GettysburgResults of Gettysburg
The South realizes it will not be able toThe South realizes it will not be able to
defeat the North.defeat the North.
The goal is to hang on and maybe theThe goal is to hang on and maybe the
North will get tired of fightingNorth will get tired of fighting
that from these honored dead we take that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.the earth.
Abe LincolnAbe Lincoln
The North The North Initiates Initiates
the Draft, the Draft, 18631863
The North The North Initiates Initiates
the Draft, the Draft, 18631863
Recruiting Irish Immigrants Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYCin NYC
Recruiting Irish Immigrants Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYCin NYC
Recruiting Blacks in NYCRecruiting Blacks in NYCRecruiting Blacks in NYCRecruiting Blacks in NYC
NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, (July 13-16, 1863)1863)
NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, (July 13-16, 1863)1863)
NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, (July 13-16, 1863)1863)
NYC Draft Riots, NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, (July 13-16, 1863)1863)
Buy Your Way Out of Buy Your Way Out of Military ServiceMilitary Service
Buy Your Way Out of Buy Your Way Out of Military ServiceMilitary Service
1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan George McClellan (D)(D)
George McClellan George McClellan (D)(D)
Lincoln’ Vice-PresidentLincoln’ Vice-President
Lincoln chose Andrew Johnson, aLincoln chose Andrew Johnson, a
southerner (slave owner) from Tennesseesoutherner (slave owner) from Tennessee
Chosen to attract the War Democrats andChosen to attract the War Democrats and
the votes of the Border statesthe votes of the Border states
The Peace Movement: The Peace Movement: CopperheadsCopperheads
The Peace Movement: The Peace Movement: CopperheadsCopperheads
Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham
Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham
1864 Copperhead 1864 Copperhead Campaign PosterCampaign Poster1864 Copperhead 1864 Copperhead Campaign PosterCampaign Poster
Cartoon Lampoons Cartoon Lampoons Democratic Copperheads Democratic Copperheads
in 1864in 1864
Cartoon Lampoons Cartoon Lampoons Democratic Copperheads Democratic Copperheads
in 1864in 1864
Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign By early May, 1864 most Confederate Southerners had probably given up hopes of winning the war by conquering Union armies. The Confederacy had a real chance, though, of winning the war simply by not being beaten. In spring 1864 this strategy required two things: first, Confederate general Robert E. Lee's army in Virginia had to defend its capital, Richmond, and keep Union general Ulysses S. Grant's forces at bay; and second, the South's other major army, led by Joseph E. Johnston in north Georgia, had to keep William T. Sherman's Union forces from driving south and capturing Atlanta, the Confederacy's second-most important city.
This win-by-not-losing strategy involved a time element as well. If Lee and Johnston could hold their respective fields through early November, then war-weary Northerners might vote U.S. president Abraham Lincoln out of office. The Democratic candidate, in turn, might seek an armistice with the Confederacy and end the war.
Jefferson Davis Replaces General Johnson in late July with General John B. Hood who promised to attack Sherman’s men. By September 2, 1864 the city was lost.
Atlanta Burns Atlanta Burns Atlanta Burns Atlanta Burns
http://www.history.com/topics/william-t-sherman/videos#sherman-and-the-burning-of-atlanta
PresidentiPresidential Election al Election
Results:Results:
18641864
PresidentiPresidential Election al Election
Results:Results:
18641864
1864 Election 1864 Election
Election was held only in UnionElection was held only in Union
It pitted Republican Lincoln against It pitted Republican Lincoln against Democrat General McClellan Democrat General McClellan
Lincoln won easily, assuring that Lincoln won easily, assuring that war will continue (N. Democrats wanted war will continue (N. Democrats wanted an end)an end)
Sherman’Sherman’ss
“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”
throughthroughGeorgia,Georgia,
18641864
Sherman’Sherman’ss
“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”
throughthroughGeorgia,Georgia,
18641864
http://www.history.com/topics/william-t-sherman/videos#shermans-terrifying-tactics
Sherman’s MarchSherman’s March
““Total War”—60 mile Total War”—60 mile wide path of totalwide path of total
Destruction-Destruction-everything burned or everything burned or destroyed farms, destroyed farms, railroads, and citiesrailroads, and cities
Shortens the war, Shortens the war, end result in less end result in less deathdeath
The Progress of War: The Progress of War: 1861-18651861-1865
The Progress of War: The Progress of War: 1861-18651861-1865
The Final Virginia The Final Virginia Campaign:Campaign:1864-18651864-1865
The Final Virginia The Final Virginia Campaign:Campaign:1864-18651864-1865
Surrender at Surrender at AppomattoxAppomattox
April 9, 1865April 9, 1865
Surrender at Surrender at AppomattoxAppomattox
April 9, 1865April 9, 1865
April 3, 1865 - Grant took Richmond Va. - final April 3, 1865 - Grant took Richmond Va. - final blow to Lee's armyblow to Lee's armyLee surrenders on April 9, 1865 at Lee surrenders on April 9, 1865 at APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSEAPPOMATTOX COURTHOUSEAll Confed. troops forced to take an oath of All Confed. troops forced to take an oath of loyalty to U.S. otherwise, terms of surrender loyalty to U.S. otherwise, terms of surrender were lenient were lenient Lincoln didn't want a humiliated South and Lincoln didn't want a humiliated South and further conflictfurther conflictissue of states' rights now "solved"- fed. gov't issue of states' rights now "solved"- fed. gov't had asserted its statushad asserted its status
After four bloody years of civil war, the South was defeated.
Over 618,000 military deaths during Civil War.
Casualties on Both Casualties on Both SidesSides
Casualties on Both Casualties on Both SidesSides
More people died of disease than being shot.
Civil War CasualtiesCivil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other in Comparison to Other
WarsWars
Civil War CasualtiesCivil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other in Comparison to Other
WarsWars
Results of the WarResults of the War
The end to nullification and secessionThe end to nullification and secession
The end of slaveryThe end of slavery
The creation of the first social welfareThe creation of the first social welfare
agency-the Freedmen’s Bureauagency-the Freedmen’s Bureaucreation of a single unified countrycreation of a single unified countryabolition of slaveryabolition of slaveryincreased power to fed. gov't – killed the increased power to fed. gov't – killed the issue of states rights issue of states rights
U.S. now an industrial nationU.S. now an industrial nationa stronger sense of nationalisma stronger sense of nationalismw. lands increasingly opened to settlementw. lands increasingly opened to settlementSouth was economically and physically South was economically and physically devastated, w/ the plantation system devastated, w/ the plantation system crippled...thus crippled...thus Reconstruction Reconstruction (rebuilding the (rebuilding the U.S.) - but a deep hatred of the North U.S.) - but a deep hatred of the North remained...remained...AGoodOleRebel.pptAGoodOleRebel.ppt
Results of the War Continued…Results of the War Continued…
Union Prison Campat Andersonville, GAUnion Prison Camp
at Andersonville, GA
Original Andersonville PlanOriginal Andersonville Plan
Planned to hold 10,000 men.
Had over 32,000 at one time.
Planned to hold 10,000 men.
Had over 32,000 at one time.
Distributing “Rations”Distributing “Rations”
Union “Survivors”Union “Survivors”
Union Prisoner’s
Recordat
Andersonville
Union Prisoner’s
Recordat
Andersonville
Burying Dead Union POWsBurying Dead Union POWs
Andersonville CemetaryAndersonville Cemetary
Andersonville CemetaryAndersonville Cemetary
Commander of the Camp, Captain Henry Wirz was found guilty of murder and was hung on November 10. 1865
http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/videos/andersonville_prison
