THE POGROMS IN KYRGYZSTAN

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!

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................. i

I.! INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1!

II.! JUNE 1990 .......................................................................................................................... 3!

III.!2010 ..................................................................................................................................... 4!

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IV.!MAY 2010 IN JALALABAD: THE WATERSHED ...................................................... 7!

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V.! POGROMS ...................................................................................................................... 11!

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VI.!UNANSWERED QUESTIONS ...................................................................................... 17!

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VII. AFTERMATH ............................................................................................................... 18!

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VIII.THE INTERNATIONAL MOOD: SHADES OF PESSIMISM ............................... 20!

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IX.!POLITICAL FALLOUT ................................................................................................ 24!

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X.! CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 27!

APPENDICES

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!

Asia Report N°193 23 August 2010

THE POGROMS IN KYRGYZSTAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page ii

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RECOMMENDATIONS

To the Government of Kyrgyzstan:

.6 @3(()*+!%!W3YY`!)('[!%[a!$[+'*[%+$)[%YYb!f%Xd'a!'[h3$*b!$[+)!+V'!'Z'[+#!$[!:%b!25.5!$[!^%Y%Y%f%a`!%[a!^3['!$[!C#V!%[a!^%Y%Y%f%a6!

26 ?%d'! %! #+*)[4! (3fY$X! #+%[a! %4%$[#+! ()#$+$)[#! )W!'_+*'e'![%+$)[%Y$#e!%[a!'+V[$X!'_XY3#$Z$+b!(3+!W)*\%*a!fb!(*)e$['[+![%+$)[%Y!%[a!*'4$)[%Y!()Y$+$X$%[#6!

06 ;))('*%+'!\$+V!%[a!#3(()*+!$ee'a$%+'!a'(Y)be'[+!)W!C@;7!()Y$X'!e$##$)[!+)!C#V`!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!V3e%[$+%*$%[!)*4%[$#%+$)[#!%[a!a$(Y)e%+$X!(*'#'[X'!+)!*'a3X'!+V'!Y$d'Y$V))a!)W!['\!Z$)Y'[X'6!!

To the International Community:

=6 ;%YY! W)*! %[a! #3(()*+! %! +V)*)34V! '[h3$*b! $[+)! +V'!'Z'[+#!)W!:%bQ^3['!25.5`!\$+V!X'[+*%Y!*)Y'#!%##$4['a!+)! $[+'*[%+$)[%Y!)*4%[$#%+$)[#!\$+V!'_('*+$#'! $[! +V$#!W$'Ya!#3XV!%#!+V'!A[$+'a!,%+$)[#!<$4V!;)ee$##$)['*!W)*!<3e%[!&$4V+#!%[a!+V'!C@;7!<$4V!;)ee$##$)['*!)[!,%+$)[%Y!:$[)*$+$'#6!:%d'!$+!XY'%*!+V%+!W3*+V'*!%$a!+)!+V'!Rb*4bc!4)Z'*[e'[+!\$YY!f'!X)[a$+$)[%Y!3()[!#3XV!%[!$[Z'#+$4%+$)[6!

G6 7Y%f)*%+'!%!3[$W$'a!#+*%+'4b!W)*!+V'!*'X)[#+*3X+$)[!)W!+V'!#)3+V`!$[Z)YZ$[4!'_+'[#$Z'!)[Q4*)3[a!e)[$+)*$[4!1!$[XY3a$[4!+V'!'%*Yb!a'(Y)be'[+!+)!C#V!)W!+V'!C@;7!()Y$X'!e$##$)[!%[a!)+V'*!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!V3e%[$+%*$%[!%[a!a$(Y)e%+$X!)f#'*Z'*#!1!+V'!*'X)4[$+$)[!)W!X3Y+3*%Y!#'[#$+$Z$+$'#!%[a!+V'![''a!+)!%Z)$a!\)*#'[$[4!X)[WY$X+!*$#d#6!!

M6 7[#3*'!+V%+![)!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!%$a!W3[a#!4)!+)!+V'!C#V!4)Z'*[e'[+!%#!Y)[4!%#!$+!%aZ)X%+'#!%[!'_XY3#$)[%*b!'+V[$X!()Y$Xb!%[a!*'W3#'#!+)!#3fe$+!+)!+V'!%3+V)*$+b!)W!+V'!X'[+*%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+6!

]6 7[4%4'!$[!%!Y)[4Q+'*e!(*)4*%e!)W!()Y$X'!*'W)*e!%[a!+*%$[$[4`!#\''($[4!*'W)*e#!)W!+V'!i3a$X$%*b!%[a!Y'4%Y!#b#+'e6!

O6 @+%*+! +V'! (*)X'##! )W! #''d$[4! %! W*%e'\)*d! W)*! +V'!'h3$+%fY'!X)'_$#+'[X'!)W!%YY!'+V[$X!4*)3(#!$[!Rb*4bc#+%[6!

To the Members of the UN Security Council,

in particular the U.S. and Russia:

/6 A[a'*+%d'!%X+$Z'!X)[+$[4'[Xb!(Y%[[$[4!)[!%!(*$)*$+b!f%#$#`!i)$[+Yb!%[a!#'Z'*%YYb!%#!%((*)(*$%+'`!#)!+V%+!$[!+V'!'Z'[+!)W!%[)+V'*!'_(Y)#$)[!$[!+V'!#)3+V!+V*'%+'[$[4!Y$Z'#!%[a!+V'!#+%f$Y$+b!)W!Rb*4bc#+%[!%[a!+V'!;'[+*%Y!"#$%!*'4$)[`!+V'!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!X)ee3[$+b!)*!d'b!e'eQf'*#!%[a!$[#+$+3+$)[#!\$YY!f'!$[!%!()#$+$)[!+)!*'#()[a!$[!%!+$e'Yb!%[a!'WW'X+$Z'!e%[['*6!

Bishkek/Brussels, 23 August 2010

!

!

Asia Report N°193 23 August 2010

THE POGROMS IN KYRGYZSTAN

I.! INTRODUCTION

9+! $#! Y$++Y'! X)$[X$a'[X'! +V%+! +V'! Y%+'#+! )3+f3*#+! )W! $[+'*QX)ee3[%Y!Z$)Y'[X'!+))d!(Y%X'!%+!%!+$e'!\V'[!Rb*4bc#+%[g#!X'[+*%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!\%#!#'*$)3#Yb!\'%d'['a6!<$#+)*b!\%#!$[!W%X+!*'('%+$[4!$+#'YW6.!9[!.//5`!\V'[!%+!Y'%#+!M55!a$'a!$[!'+V[$X!Z$)Y'[X'!%XX)*a$[4!+)!)WW$X$%Y!'#+$e%+'#`!+V'!@)Z$'+!A[$)[!\%#!e)Z$[4! *%($aYb! +)\%*a#! a$#$[+'4*%+$)[`! %[a!Y)X%Y!()Y$+$X%Y!W)*X'#!\'*'!e%[)'3Z*$[4!+)!W$YY!+V'!()\'*!Z%X33e6!?\'[+b!b'%*#!)[`!%!\'%d!%[a!+'[+%+$Z'!(*)Z$Q#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!\%#!#+*344Y$[4!+)!(*'#'[+!%!#'efY%[X'!)W!Y'%a'*#V$(!%[a!#+''*!+V'!X)3[+*b!+V*)34V!+)!'Y'X+$)[#!$[!CX+)f'*6!

>b! 25.5!Acf'd#! V%a! *'(Y%X'a!&3##$%[#! %#! +V'! #'X)[a!Y%*4'#+! '+V[$X! 4*)3(! $[! Rb*4bc#+%[6! "XX)*a$[4! +)! +V'!255/! X'[#3#`! +V'*'! \'*'! ]MO`555! Acf'd#`! e%[b! 'eQ(Y)b'a!$[!%4*$X3Y+3*'!%[a!X)ee'*X'`!%[a!=./`555!&3#Q#$%[#62!9[#($*'a!fb!+V'!a'e)X*%+$X!XY%$e#!)W!+V'!*'4$e'!+V%+!)Z'*+V*'\!R3*e%[f'd!>%d$b'Z!$[!"(*$Y!25.5`!%[a!fb!+V'!W%X+!+V%+!e%[b!(*)Z$#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!Y'%a'*#!\'*'!W*)e!+V'![)*+V!%[a!+V3#!+*%a$+$)[%YYb!e)*'!#be(%+V'+$X!+)!+V'!Acf'd!e$[)*$+b`!Acf'd#!)[X'!%4%$[!\'*'!+'e(+'a!+)!(*)()#'! 4*'%+'*! Y$[43$#+$X! %[a! ()Y$+$X%Y! *'(*'#'[+%+$)[6!?V'b!3[a'*'#+$e%+'a!%!#+*)[4!W''Y$[4!\$+V$[!Rb*4bc!#)X$Q'+b! +V%+! %[b! X)[X'##$)[#! )[! Y$[43$#+$X! %[a! X3Y+3*%Y!4*)3[a#!+)!+V'!Acf'd#!+V*'%+'[!Rb*4bc#+%[g#!)\[!X3YQ+3*%Y!#3*Z$Z%Y6!?V'b!%Y#)!3[a'*'#+$e%+'a!+V'!*'%a$['##!)W!e%[b!Rb*4bc!()Y$+$X$%[#!+)!e%d'!%[!%[+$QAcf'd!()#$+$)[!(%*+!)W!+V'$*!()Y$+$X%Y!(Y%+W)*e6!

!

!.!H)*!W3*+V'*!*'%a$[4!#''!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.52`!Kyrgyzstan: A

Hollow Regime Collapses`!2]!"(*$Y!25.5j!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/]`!Central Asia: Islamists in Prison`!.G!K'X'ef'*! 255/j!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.G5`!Kyrgyzstan: The Challenge of Judicial Reform,

.5!"(*$Y!255O; "#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]/`!Kyrgyzstan: A Deceptive

Calm`! .=! "343#+! 255Oj! "#$%! &'()*+! ,-..O`! Kyrgyzstan’s

Prison System Nightmare`!.M!"343#+!255Mj!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.5/`!Kyrgyzstan: A Faltering State`!.M!K'X'ef'*!255Gj!"#$%!&'()*+!,-/]`!Kyrgyzstan: After the Revolution`!=!:%b!255Gj!%[a!"#$%!&'()*+!,-=2`!Central Asia: The Politics of Police Reform`!.5!K'X'ef'*!25526!2!9[!.//5!Acf'd#![3ef'*'a!GG5`5/M`!&3##$%[#!/.M`GGO6!

"+! 2]6O! e$YY$)[`! +V'! ()(3Y%+$)[! )W! Acf'd$#+%[! a\%*W#!Rb*4bc#+%[g#! G60! e$YY$)[! $[V%f$+%[+#6! 7Z'[! e)a'*%+'!Rb*4bc![)+'!\$+V!a$#e%b! +V%+!&3##$%[! $#!e)*'!\$a'Yb!V'%*a!$[!>$#Vd'd`!%[a!Acf'd!$[!C#V`!+V%[!+V'$*!)\[!Y%[Q43%4'6!"#!)W!^3Yb!25.5`!%YY!'_X'(+!#)e'!05`555!)W!Rb*Q4bc#+%[g#!Acf'd#!Y$Z'!$[!+V'!#)3+V'*[!(%*+!)W!+V'!X)3[+*b6!?V'b!X)[#+$+3+'!+V'!e%i)*$+b!$[!%![3ef'*!)W!e%i)*!a$#+*$X+#`!$[XY3a$[4!R%*%#33!%[a!Ac4'[`!i3#+!)3+#$a'!C#V!X$+b`!%[a!e%d'!3(!)Z'*!=5!('*!X'[+!)W!+V%+!X$+bg#!()(3Y%+$)[60!

C#V!%[a!^%Y%Y%f%a!)fY%#+#!k*'4$)[#l!%XX)3[+!W)*!==!('*!X'[+!)W!Rb*4bc#+%[g#!()(3Y%+$)[`!#)e'!26.!e$YY$)[!(')(Y'6=!?V'$*!V$#+)*b!#$[X'!+V'!X)YY%(#'!)W!+V'!@)Z$'+!A[$)[!V%#!f''[!)['!)W!a$e$[$#V$[4!)(+$)[#!$[!'a3X%+$)[`!V'%Y+V!%[a!'e(Y)be'[+6!P$+V!+V'!a$#%(('%*%[X'!)W!e%i)*!@)Z$'+!$[Qa3#+*$%Y!%[a!%4*$X3Y+3*%Y!'[+'*(*$#'#!+V%+!V%a!(*)Z$a'a!+'[#!)W!+V)3#%[a#!)W!i)f#`!+V'!*'4$)[!#Y$(('a!$[+)!%[!$[X*'%#$[4!*'Y$%[X'! )[! #3f#$#+'[X'! W%*e$[4! %[a! Y%f)3*! e$4*%+$)[`!X*)##Qf)*a'*!+*%a'!%[a![%*X)+$X#!#e344Y$[46!9W!Rb*4bc#+%[!$#!)['!)W!+V'!())*'#+!X)3[+*$'#!$[!"#$%`!C#V!%[a! %Y%Y%f%a!%*'! %+! +V'! f)++)e! )W! e)#+! [%+$)[%Y! 'X)[)e$X`! #)X$%Y! )*!a'e)4*%(V$X!$[a$X%+)*#6!!

<%YW!+V'!()(3Y%+$)[!)W!C#V!*'4$)[!%[a!=5!('*!X'[+!)W! %Y%QY%f%a!*'4$)[!$#!XY%##$W$'a!fb!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+!%#!())*`!+V%+!$#`!'%*[$[4!Y'##!+V%[!n0O!%!e)[+V6G!PV$Y'!'+V[$X!Rb*4bc!Z$'\!+V'!Acf'd#!%#!('*X'(+$fYb!\'%Y+V$'*`!#Y$4V+Yb!e)*'!Acf'd#!%*'!$[!W%X+!XY%##$W$'a!%#!())*6!^3#+!3[a'*!=]!('*!X'[+!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!V)3#'V)Ya!V'%a#!\'*'!#)!a'#X*$f'a!$[!

!

!0!;*$#$#!8*)3(!X)ee3[$X%+$)[`!,%+$)[%Y!@+%+$#+$X%Y!;)ee$++''`!^3Yb!25.5j!IRb*4bc#+%[D!K'Y$X%+'!7+V[$X!>%Y%[X'L`!9&9,`!A,!CWW$X'!W)*!+V'!;))*a$[%+$)[!)W!<3e%[$+%*$%[!"WW%$*#`!.G!"343#+!25.5`!\\\6$*$[['\#6)*4o&'()*+6%#(_F&'()*+9apO/G2M6!=!I!"#"$%&'!()&"*"(%+!%!,%*%-(./.!0.(1)!23#/34&5.6!7"&$89*%5%!255/!/.1)L!qI?V'!;'[#3#!)W!+V'!S)(3Y%+$)[!%[a!<)3#$[4!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$X!$[!255/Lr`!,%+$)[%Y!@+%+$#+$X%Y!;)ee$++''! )W! +V'! Rb*4bc! &'(3fY$X`! Z)Y6! .j! I:&(.;(3"!&.<%)*'(.Q1"=./#)0%>"&5%"!?)#)5@"#%&@%5%!()&"*"(%+!%!5.*%>"&@;.!,%*%-(3?!"1%(%<L!qI:%i)*!@)X$)Qa'e)4*%(V$X!;V%*%X+'*$#+$X#!)W!+V'!S)(3Y%+$)[!%[a!<)3#$[4!A[$+#Lr`!255/`!((6!M0QM=6!G!S)Z'*+b!a%+%!(*)Z$a'a!+)!;*$#$#!8*)3(!fb!+V'!,%+$)[%Y!@+%+$#+$QX%Y!;)ee$++''!)W!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$X!)[!O!^3Yb!25.56!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 2

!

%!255]!#+3ab`!%#!)(()#'a!+)!GG6G!('*!X'[+!)W!Acf'd#6M!?V'!+\)!*'4$)[#!V%Z'!+V'!V$4V'#+!()(3Y%+$)[!4*)\+V!*%+'#`!+V'!Y)\'#+! *%+'#! )W! X)[+*%X'(+$)[! 3#'`! %[a`! )+V'*! +V%[! +V'!X%($+%Y`!>$#Vd'd`!+V'!4*'%+'#+!()(3Y%+$)[!a'[#$+b6]!@XV))Y!a*)(Q)3+!*%+'#!%*'!+V'!X)3[+*bg#!V$4V'#+`!XY%##!#$c'#!%*'!%e)[4!+V'!Y%*4'#+`![%+$)[\$a'!#X)*'#!$[!f%#$X!e%+V'e%+Q$X#`!#X$'[X'!%[a!*'%a$[4!#d$YY#!%*'!+V'!Y)\'#+6O!C#V!*'4$)[!V%#!+V'!Y)\'#+!%Z'*%4'!#%Y%*b!1!V%YW!+V'![%+$)[%Y!e)[+VYb!%Z'*%4'!)W!n.=.!kM`5=/!#)el!1!%[a!+V'!V$4V'#+!)WW$X$%Y!3['e(Y)be'[+!*%+'6/!PV$Y'!)WW$X$%Y!W$43*'#!%*'!e%##$Z'Yb!3[a'*'#+$e%+'a`!%!W)*e'*!4)Z'*[)*!)W!C#V!'#+$e%+'#!+V%+!+V'!*'%Y!*%+'!$#!)Z'*!25!('*!X'[+6!<'%Y+V!X%*'!a'Y$Z'*b!$#!%e)[4!+V'!X)3[+*bg#!\)*#+6!?V'!%*'%!$#!%Ye)#+!X)e(Y'+'Yb!$4[)*'a!fb!W)*'$4[!$[Z'#+)*#6!C#V!*'4$)[!V%a!+V'!Y)\'#+!%e)3[+!kn]55`555l!$[!W)*'$4[!a$*'X+!$[Z'#+e'[+![%+$)[\$a'!$[!255O`!+V'!Y%#+!b'%*!W)*!\V$XV!#3XV!a%+%!%*'!%Z%$Y%fY'6.5!!

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!

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 3

!

II.! JUNE 1990

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 4

!

?V'!Rb*4bc!%3+V)*$+$'#!(*)a3X'a!#'Z'*%Y!#+3a$'#!)[!+V'!3[*'#+`! a$#+*$f3+$)[!)W!\V$XV!\%#! Y$e$+'a! +)! %! W'\! +)(!Y'%a'*#6!?V'*'!\%#!Y$++Y'!(3fY$X!a$#X3##$)[!)W!+V'!'Z'[+#`!%[a!W'\!'WW)*+#!+)!a$#('Y!%[b!)W!+V'!Ieb+V#L!+V%+!'e'*4'a!a3*$[4!+V'!Z$)Y'[X'`!%[!%X%a'e$X!$[Z)YZ'a!$[!+V'!*'()*+#!*'X%YY'a6!9+!\%#!f'++'*!+V$#!\%b`!+V'!%X%a'e$X!%aa'a6!7+VQ[$X!*'Y%+$)[#!%*'![)+!%((*)(*$%+'!W)*!(3fY$X!a$#X3##$)[6!<'!X)[+$[3'a`!(')(Y'!%*'!IZ'*b!(*$e$+$Z'L!%[a!Ia)![)+!3[a'*Q#+%[a!+V'![3%[X'#!)W!#3XV!$##3'#L625!:)#+!)W!+V'!W%X+)*#!%[a!W'%+3*'#![)+'a!fb!+V'!R8>!$[!.//5!\'*'!+)!*'#3*W%X'!$[!25.56!!

!

!25!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!%X%a'e$X`!>$#Vd'd`!.G!^3Yb!25.56!

III.!2010

A.! REGIME CHANGE

C[!]!"(*$Y!25.5`!W)YY)\$[4!#'Z'*%Y!e)[+V#!)W!$[+'[#$WbQ$[4! %[+$Q4)Z'*[e'[+! (*)+'#+#`! S*'#$a'[+! R3*e%[f'd!>%d$b'Z!\%#!)Z'*+V*)\[!%W+'*!#+*''+!XY%#V'#!$[!>$#Vd'd!+V%+!Y'W+!OM!(')(Y'!a'%a6!"!W'\!\''d#!'%*Y$'*`!%!4*)3(!)W!)(()#$+$)[! Y'%a'*#! V%a! W)*e'a! +V'! ;'[+*%Y! 7_'X3+$Z'!;)ee$++''!k;7;l!)W!+V'!S')(Y'g#!R3*3Y+%b!k%##'efYbl!+)!X))*a$[%+'! +V'! (*)+'#+#6!C[! ]!"(*$Y! +V'!;7;! %##3e'a!()\'*`!\$+V!&)c%!C+3[f%b'Z%!%#!(*'#$a'[+`!a'XY%*$[4!+V%+!$+!\)3Ya!#+%b!$[!)WW$X'!W)*!#$_!e)[+V#!+)!)Z'*#''!%!['\!X)[#+$+3+$)[!%[a!f)+V!(%*Y$%e'[+%*b!%[a!(*'#$a'[+$%Y!'Y'XQ+$)[#!(Y%[['a!W)*!CX+)f'*!25.562.!S)(3Y%*!'_('X+%+$)[#!\'*'!Y)\`!%#!e%[b!['\!Y'%a'*#!V%a!(*'Z$)3#Yb!#'*Z'a!+V'!)Ya!*'4$e'`!%[a!+V'!)(()#$+$)[!V%#!Y)[4!f''[!f'a'Z$YY'a!fb!$[W$4V+$[4622!!

?V'!(*)Z$#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!$[a''a!+3*['a!)3+!+)!f'!3[*3Yb!%[a! a$#3[$+'a6! E'%a'*#! +))d! 3[$Y%+'*%Y! a'X$#$)[#6! C['!a'(3+b!(*'e$'*!*'e%*d'a!+V%+!#V'!#)e'+$e'#!V'%*a!%f)3+!4)Z'*[e'[+!('*#)[['Y!XV%[4'#!W*)e!+V'!e'a$%620!"[)+V'*!#'[$)*! Y'%a'*! %*f$+*%*$Yb! #3#('[a'a! +V'! )('*%+$)[#! )W! %!f%[d!(%b$[4!#+%+'!('[#$)[#!%[a!#%Y%*$'#62=!C+3[f%b'Z%g#!W$*#+!a'(3+b`!"Ye%c!"+%ef%b'Z`!)XX%#$)[%YYb!#3*(*$#'a!W)*'$4[!Z$#$+)*#!\$+V!V$#!'**%+$X!f'V%Z$)3*`!%[a!a3*$[4!+V'!.5Q.=! 3['!X*$#$#!a$#%(('%*'a!X)e(Y'+'Yb!W*)e!+V'!(3fY$X!'b'6!PV'[!V'!*'#3*W%X'a`!V'!X%3#'a!e)*'!%Y%*e!fb!%[Q[)3[X$[4!+V%+!+V'!3[*'#+!$[!+V'!#)3+V!\%#!#)!\'YY!(Y%[['a!+V%+!#$e$Y%*!(*)fY'e#!X)3Ya!f'!'_('X+'a!$[!+V'!X%($+%Y!%[a!'Y#'\V'*'62G!

!

!2.!H)*!W3*+V'*!a'+%$Y#`!#''!;*$#$#!8*)3(!&'()*+`!Kyrgyzstan: A

Hollow Regime Collapses`!)(6!X$+6!@3f#'h3'[+Yb!+V'!a'X$#$)[!\%#!+%d'[!+)!a'Y%b!(*'#$a'[+$%Y!'Y'X+$)[#!3[+$Y!K'X'ef'*!25..`!\$+V!&)c%!C+3[f%b'Z%!*'e%$[$[4!$[!)WW$X'!3[+$Y!+V'[6!@V'!\%#!$[%343*%+'a!)[!0!^3Yb!25.56!22!H)*!+V'!#$+3%+$)[!$[!255=Q255G`!#''!;*$#$#!8*)3(!&'()*+`!Kyr-

gyzstan: After the Revolution`!)(6!X$+6!!20!IL6M9#)%=.;)!$#%4()"@`!>@.!;.!F#"="((.=!$#);%@"*'&@;"!u"&@'!$#.9*"=3g!$.!>"@5.6!5)1#.;.6!$.*%@%5"L!qI769f*%$e)Z%!%ae$+#!+V%+!+V'!S*)Z$#$)[%Y!8)Z'*[e'[+!uV%#!(*)fY'e#g!*'4%*a$[4!%!XY'%*!('*#)[['Y!()Y$XbLr`!"d$(*'##!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!22!"(*$Y!25.5`!\\\.6d46%d$(*'##6)*4o['\#D./]]5.6!2=!?V'!a'X$#$)[!\%#!)[Yb!*'Z'*#'a`!fb!(*'#$a'[+$%Y!a'X*''`!%W+'*!%!#'[$)*!e'ef'*!)W!+V'!,%+$)[%Y!>%[d!X)e(Y%$['a!)W!()Y$+$X%Y!#%f)+%4'!$[!+V'!f3$YaQ3(!+)!+V'!2]!^3['!*'W'*'[a3e!)[!+V'!['\!X)[#+$+3+$)[6!INK27!.9#)-)"@&+!&!$#.&'9.6!5!F!!;"#(8@'!$#.<"&&!()<%.()*%4)<%%!HCK)!;!$#);.;."!#8&*.L!qI,>R&!X%YY#!)[!S*)Z$#$)[%Y!8)Z'*[e'[+!+)!*'#+)*'!+V'!Y'4%Y!W*%e'\)*d!)W! "A>! [%+$)[%Y$#%+$)[Lr`! "d$(*'##! ['\#! #'*Z$X'`! .O! ^3['!25.5`!V++(Doof3#$['##6%d$(*'##6)*4o['\#DO/=].6!!2G!IA.93@%+!()!E/"!23#/34&@)()!93*%!()&@.*'5.!?.#.I.!&$*)(%#.;)(3`!>@.!,1"=!$#.;.5)<%6!;!/.#.1"!K%I5"5"!%!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 5

!

PV$Y'!+V'!'X)[)e$X!%[a!#)X$%Y!#$+3%+$)[!a'+'*$)*%+'a`!%[a!+V'!['\!4)Z'*[e'[+!#+3efY'a!W*)e!X*$#$#!+)!X*$#$#`!)['!)W!$+#! a)e$[%[+! W$43*'#`! Ce3*f'd! ?'d'f%b'Z`! (3#V'a!+V*)34V!%!V%#+$Yb!a*%W+'a!X)[#+$+3+$)[`!*'(Y%X$[4!+V'!(*'#$Qa'[+$%Y!#b#+'e!)W!4)Z'*[e'[+!\$+V!%!(%*Y$%e'[+%*b!)['6!?V'!['\!X)[#+$+3+$)[!\%#!(%##'a!$[!%![%+$)[Q\$a'!*'W'*'[Qa3e!)[!2]!^3['6!K'#($+'!W*'h3'[+!\%Z'#!)W!%[_$'+b!W'a!fb! *3e)3*#! )W! W3*+V'*! Z$)Y'[X'`! +V'! 4)Z'*[e'[+! W%$Y'a!#$4[%YYb!+)!*'%##3*'!+V'!()(3Y%+$)[!+V%+!$+!\%#!$[!XV%*4'!%[a!+)!e%$[+%$[!+V'!*'43Y%*!a$%Y)43'!\$+V!$+#!(')(Y'!+V%+!+V'!#$+3%+$)[!*'h3$*'a6!"#!\''d#!\'[+!)[`!$[#'X3*$+b!\)*#Q'['a`!\$+V!\%Z'#!)W!(%[$X!(%##$[4!+V*)34V!>$#Vd'd!%[a![)*+V'*[!+)\[#6!!

:'%[\V$Y'!e'%#3*'#!+V%+!+V'!['\!4)Z'*[e'[+!(*)e$#'a!\)3Ya!f'!(*$)*$+b!$##3'#!a*)(('a!)WW!+V'!%4'[a%6!?V'*'!\%#![)!\)*a!)W! %[! $[Z'#+$4%+$)[! $[+)! +V'!Z$)Y'[X'! )W! ]!"(*$Y6!?V'*'!\%#![)!$[a$X%+$)[!)W!%[!$[Z'#+$4%+$)[!$[+)!W3'Y!a'Y$Z'*$'#!+)!+V'!A6@6!%$*f%#'!%+!:%[%#!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!"$*()*+`!\V$XV!V%a!%YY'4'aYb!XV%[['YY'a!e$YY$)[#!)W!a)YY%*#!+)! +V'! >%d$b'Z! *'4$e'6! 9[#+'%a! +V'*'! \'*'! $[X*'%#$[4!X)e(Y%$[+#!)W!X)**3(+$)[!)[!+V'!(%*+!)W!+V)#'!XY)#'!+)!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+6!?V'#'!$[XY3a'a!+V'!#'$c3*'!)W!(*$Z%+'!f3#$Q['##'#!1!%!(V'[)e'[)[!Y)[4!%##)X$%+'a!\$+V!+V'!>%d$b'Z!*'4$e'6!9[!+V'!f3#$['##!\)*Ya!I+V*'%+#`!4*%f#!%[a!*%$a$[4!V%Z'!f'X)e'!+V'![)*eL`!#%$a!&%Z#V%[! ''[f'd)Z`!a'(3+b!XV%$*!)W!+V'!e%$[!(*)Q4)Z'*[e'[+!(%*+b`!"+%Q:'d'[62M!

B.! THE SECURITY ORGANS: NEUTRAL

OR HOSTILE?

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!

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0.!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!>$#Vd'd`!2/!^3Yb!25.56!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 6

!

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"#!)['!Z'*b!V$4VQ*%[d$[4!)WW$X$%Y!'_(Y%$['a`!I$[!+V'!#)3+V!%YY!Y%\!'[W)*X'e'[+!)*4%[$#%+$)[#!%[a!#'X3*$+b!#'*Z$X'#!%*'!#$Xd!\$+V!%!a$#'%#'6!9W!+V'b!%*'![)+!('*#)[%YYb!Y)b%Y!+)!>%d$b'Z`!%!Y)+!X%e'!+)!()\'*!3[a'*!V$e6!8'['*%Y#!%[a!V$4V!q#'X3*$+br!)WW$X$%Y#!W''Y!Z'*b!Z3Y['*%fY'L6!:)#+!#'[Q$)*!#'X3*$+b!)WW$X$%Y#!%[a!()Y$+$X$%[#!%*'!IZ'*b!#%aa'['a!+V%+!()\'*!V%#!Y'W+!+V'!#)3+VL`!%[a!(%##'a!+)!%!(*'a)e$Q[%[+Yb![)*+V'*[!Rb*4bc!()Y$+$X%Y!Y'%a'*#V$(6!?V$#!X%3#'#!+V'!['\!4)Z'*[e'[+!I%!Y)+!)W!a$WW$X3Y+$'#L600!H)YY)\$[4!+V'!(*'#$a'[+m#!3[#3XX'##W3Y!'WW)*+!$[!"343#+!+)!*'e)Z'!+V'!e%b)*!)W!!C#V`!+V'!X$+bm#!()Y$X'!XV$'W!i)$['a!%!*%YYb!$[!#3(()*+!)W!+V'!e%b)*60=!

C.! THE MAYOR OF OSH:

“A QUITE DIFFICULT MAN”35

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in Kyrgyzstan: Problems and Prospects`!..!"343#+!255=j!%[a!;*$#$#!8*)3(!&'()*+`!Kyrgyzstan: After the Revolution`!)(6!X$+6!?V'! Y%++'*! *'()*+![)+'a! +V%+! +V'! +'*e!f3#$['##e%[!X)Z'*#!I%!

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!

!*%[4'!W*)e!'WW'X+$Z'Yb!X*$e$[%Y!%3+V)*$+b!W$43*'#!+)!W%$*Yb!\'YY!*'#('X+'a!'[+*'(*'['3*#L6!0]!;*$#$#!8*)3(! $[+'*Z$'\`! Y)[4Q+'*e!()Y$+$X%Y!)f#'*Z'*`!C#V`!^3Yb!25.5j!#'[$)*!4)Z'*[e'[+!)WW$X$%Y`!>$#Vd'd`!2M!^3Yb!25.56!0O!?V'!*'W'*'[X'!+)!#()*+#!X)#+3e'#!X%**$'#!%!#('X$W$X!X)[[)+%Q+$)[!$[!()#+Q@)Z$'+!()Y$+$X#!%[a!()$[+#!+)!+V'!['_3#!)W!()Y$+$X#`!X*$e'!%[a!f3#$['##!$[!+V'!X$+b6!9+!#344'#+#!%[!$[W)*e%Y!#'X3*$+b!+'%e!V$*'a!fb!f3#$['##e'[`!()Y$+$X$%[#!)*!)+V'*!W$43*'#!)W!%3Q+V)*$+b`!*'X*3$+'a!W*)e!#()*+QXY3f#!1!e%*+$%Y!%*+#!#('X$%Y$#+#!%[a!#$e$Y%*6!"e)[4!+V)#'!\V)!#%$a!+V%+!+V'!e%b)*!V%#!#3XV!%!a'+%$Y!%*'!%!#'[$)*!4)Z'*[e'[+!e$[$#+'*`!%!Y)[4Q+$e'!)f#'*Z'*!)W!C#V!()Y$+$X#!h3)+'a`!%[a!W)*e'*!C#V!()Y$X'!XV$'W!8'['*%Y!@3Z%[%Y$b'Z6!!0/!IF!:I"!&@.*5(8*%&'!$#.@%;(%5%!%!&@.#.((%5%!28#=)(9"5)!K)5%";)L!qI9[!C#V!)(()['[+#!%[a!#3(()*+'*#!)W!R3*e%[f'd!>%d$b'Z!XY%#VLr`!RY))(6d4`!.G!"(*$Y!25.56!=5!&$%Q,)Z)#+$! ['\#! #'*Z$X'`! :)#X)\`! .M! "(*$Y! 25.5`!\\\6*$%[6*3o()Y$+$X#o25.55=.Mo2205]M.2=6V+eY6!!=.!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!V$4V!)WW$X$%Y`!22!^3Yb!25.5j!#'[$)*!P'#+'*[!a$(Y)e%+#`!^3Yb!25.56!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 7

!

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!

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IV.!MAY 2010 IN JALALABAD:

THE WATERSHED

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?V'!>%d$b'Z! W%e$Yb! Y%3[XV'a! +V'$*!e)#+! #'*$)3#! XV%YQY'[4'!+)!+V'!['\!*'4$e'!)[!.0!:%b6!>%d$b'Z!Y)b%Y$#+#`!%YY'4'aYb!W3[a'a!fb!)['!)W!+V'!(*'#$a'[+g#!f*)+V'*#`!%[a!)*4%[$#'a!fb!%!XY)#'!%$a'`!A#'[!@babd)Z`!f*$'WYb!#'$c'a!+V'!*'4$)[%Y!%ae$[$#+*%+$Z'!V'%ah3%*+'*#!$[!>%+d'[`!$[!+V'!W%*!#)3+V!\'#+!)W!+V'!X)3[+*b`!%Y)[4!\$+V!+V)#'!$[!C#V!%[a!^%Y%Y%f%a6!?V'!W$*#+!+\)!+%d')Z'*#!h3$XdYb!W$ccY'a`!f3+!%!#+%[aQ)WW!'[#3'a!$[!^%Y%Y%f%a`!X)e()3[a'a!fb!+V'!*'Y3XQ+%[X'!)W!#+%+'!#'X3*$+b!%[a!()Y$X'!+)!$[+'*Z'['6!?\)!()Y$+$QX%Y!(%*+$'#!$[!+V'!W)*'W*)[+!)W!#3(()*+!W)*!+V'!(*)Z$#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!#+'(('a!$[!+)!*'#+)*'!)*a'*6!C['!\%#!"+%Q:'d'[`!Y'a!fb!Ce3*f'd!?'d'f%b'Z`!%+!+V'!+$e'!%!a'(3+b!(*'#$a'[+!%[a!)['!)W!+V'!e)#+!$[WY3'[+$%Y!()Y$+$X$%[#!$[!()#+Q>%d$b'Z!

!

!==!Rb*4bc!)WW$X$%Y#!XY%$e!+V%+!V'!$#!f'$[4!V$aa'[!fb!X)YY'%43'#!$[!+V'!a*34!f3#$['##6!@''!W)*!'_%e(Y'D!IH6!:#.4.;D!Q6!K)5%";!Q!&!()#5.9)#.()=%!;!J.#(.=!K)1)?I)("L! qI"6!C*)c)ZD!^6!>%d$b'Z! $#! \$+V! +V'! [%*X)Qf%*)[#! $[! 8)*[)f%a%dV#V%[Lr`!Rb*4bc!,'\#!\'f#$+'`!./!:%b!25.5`!\\\6db*4bc['\#6X)eo!*'%a%*+$XY'6(V(F%*+$XY's$ap000.6!"6!C*)c)Z!$#!#'X*'+%*b!)W!+V'!,%+$)[%Y!@'X3*$+b!;)3[X$Y6!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 8

!

Rb*4bc#+%[6!?V'!)+V'*!\%#!&)a$[%`!%!#)3+V'*[`!(*'a)e$Q[%[+Yb!Acf'd! (%*+b! V'%a'a! fb! %[!Acf'd! f3#$['##e%[`!R%ab*i%[!>%+b*)Z`!%!f$++'*!'['eb!)W!+V'!>%d$b'Z!W%e$Yb6!!

A.! BATYROV AND RODINA

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>%+b*)Z`!&)a$[%g#!Y'%a'*`!V%a!e%a'!%!#\$W+`!#3f#+%[+$%Y!W)*+3['!$[!+V'!\$Ya!X%($+%Y$#e!+V%+!W)YY)\'a!+V'!A@@&g#!X)YY%(#'6!"!#V)(!e%[%4'*!$[!@)Z$'+!+$e'#`!V'!\%#!)['!)W!+V'!W$*#+!()#+Q@)Z$'+!+bX))[#!1!Y3ef'*!e'*XV%[+`!f*)d'*!$[!&3##$%g#!W$*#+!()#+QX)ee3[$#+!#+)Xd!'_XV%[4'`!)\['*!)W!%![3ef'*!)W!W%X+)*$'#!$[!&3##$%!%[a!'Y#'\V'*'`!%#!\'YY!%#!%[!%$*Y$['`!>%+b*!"Z$%6=]!9[!+V'!Y%+'!.//5#!V'!W)3[a'a!%!3[$Z'*#$+b!%[a!)+V'*!'a3X%+$)[%Y!$[#+$+3+$)[#!$[!^%Y%Y%f%a!X%+'*$[4! +)!Acf'd#`! +V3#!%##3*$[4!V$e#'YW!X)[#$a'*%fY'!#3(()*+!%e)[4!Acf'd#!\V)!)+V'*\$#'!\)[a'*'a!%f)3+!+V'!)*$4$[#!)W!V$#!\'%Y+V6!A[Y$d'!#)e'!d'b!W$43*'#!$[!+V'!['\!(*)Z$#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+`!>%+b*)Z!%X+3%YYb!W%Z)3*'a!+V'!#V$W+!+)!%!(%*Y$%e'[+%*b!#b#+'e`!#)e'+V$[4!+V%+!?'d'Qf%b'Z`!%[!'+V[$X!Rb*4bc!W*)e!+V'! %Y%Y%f%a!%*'%`!(%##$)[Q%+'Yb!%aZ)X%+'a6=O!K'#($+'!#)e'!a)3f+#!%e)[4!'a3X%+'a!Acf'd#`!$[!25.5!V'!*'e%$['a!+V'!e)#+!$[WY3'[+$%Y!Y'%a'*!$[!+V'!Acf'd!X)ee3[$+b6!

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!

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'h3%Y$+b!%[a!i3#+$X'L6=/!<'!#+*'##'a!+V%+!Acf'd#!\%[+'a!+)!(Y%b!%! *)Y'! $[! +V$#!['\!(V%#'!)W! +V'! X)3[+*bg#!V$#+)*b6!Rb*4bc#+%[g#!Acf'd! X$+$c'[#!\)3Ya! I[)! Y)[4'*! f'! )fQ#'*Z'*#L!)W!'Z'[+#6!"#!+'[#$)[!e)3[+'a!%!W'\!\''d#!Y%+'*`!>%+b*)Z!'e(V%#$#'a!+V'!e)a'*%+$)[!)W!Acf'd!a'e%[a#`!a'[b$[4!%[b!$[+'*'#+!$[!%[!%3+)[)e)3#!Acf'd!*'4$)[!$[!+V'!#)3+V!1!%!a'e%[a!+V%+!$[!.//5!V%a!$[WY%e'a!+'[#$)[#!f'+\''[!+V'!+\)!X)ee3[$+$'#!1!%[a![)+$[4!+V%+!V'!V%a!(*)()#'a!+)!%!X)ee$##$)[!a$#X3##$[4!%!['\!X)[#+$+3+$)[!+V%+!+V'!Acf'd!Y%[43%4'!f'!4$Z'[!Y'4%Y!#+%+3#!$[!e%i)*$+b!'+V[$X!Acf'd!%*'%#!)W!+V'!#)3+V6G5!!

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!

!=/!IG,)*)*)9)1!w!;!<"(@#"!=%#.;.;./.!;(%=)(%+L!qI^%Y%QY%f%a!1!$[!+V'!X'[+*'!)W!\)*Ya!%++'[+$)[Lr`!2=6d4!['\#!#$+'`!/!"(*$Y! 25.5`! \\\62=6d4o$[Z'#+$4%+$)[o]/50.QZQ%d#bi#d)eQ*%i)['QacV%Y%YQ%f%a#d)iQ)fY%#+$6V+eY6! ?V'! *'()*+! #('X$W$X%YYb![)+'#!+V%+!+V'!a'e)[#+*%+)*#!\'*'!Acf'd#6!!G5!"+%Q:'d'[!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!./!:%b!25.5`!\\\6%+%e'd'[d46!X)eo$[a'_6(V(F)(+$)[pX)esX)[+'[+vZ$'\p%*+$XY'v$ap2]02D!25.5Q5GQ./Q.5QG/.GvX%+$ap//D()Y$+$Xv9+'e$ap2/6!9[+'*'#+$[4QYb!+V'!$[+'*Z$'\!\%#!(3fY$#V'a!%+!%!+$e'!\V'[!%[4'*!%+!>%+b*)Z!\%#!*'%XV$[4!W'Z'*!($+XV6!?V'!(*'##!#'*Z$X'!a$a![)+!X*$+$X$#'!)*!'_(*'##! %[b! *'#'*Z%+$)[#! %f)3+! +V'! )($[$)[#! '_(*'##'a6! ?V'!X)[#+$+3+$)[%Y!(*)()#%Y!)[!Acf'd!Y%[43%4'!a$#%(('%*'a!\$+V)3+!+*%X'6!!G.!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!C#V!i)3*[%Y$#+!\V)!W$Ye'a!+V'!#X'['`!C#V`!05!^3['!25.5j!^%Y%Y%f%a!i)3*[%Y$#+!\V)!X)Z'*'a!'Z'[+#`!^%Y%Y%f%a`!0!^3Yb!25.56!!G2!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!C#V!i)3*[%Y$#+!\V)!W$Ye'a!+V'!#X'['`!C#V`!05!^3['!25.56!>%+b*)Z!Y%+'*!XY%$e'a!+V%+!"+%Q:'d'[!%XQ+$Z$#+#!)3+Q[3ef'*'a!&)a$[%!#3(()*+'*#`!f3+!V$#!*'e%*d#!XY)#'*!+)!+V'!'Z'[+#`!$[!#(''XV'#!)[!.=Q.G!:%b`!$e(Yb!+V'!)(()#$+'6!?*%[#X*$(+!)W!#(''XV'#!$[! %Y%Y%f%a`!e%a'!%Z%$Y%fY'!fb!%!Rb*4bc!,8C`!;$+$c'[#!%4%$[#+!;)**3(+$)[6!9[+'*[%Y!'Z$a'[X'!$[a$X%+'#!+V%+!+V'!#(''XV'#!\'*'!e%a'!)[!.=Q.G!:%b!25.56!G0!"c$ef'd!>'d[%c%*)Z`!I@3ee%*b!)W!0!e)[+V#!%X+$Z$+$'#!)W!+V'!4'['*%Y!(*)#'X3+)*g#!)WW$X'L`!R%f%*!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!]!^3Yb!25.5`!V++(Dood%f%*6d4o$[a'_6(V(F)(+$)[pX)esX)[+'[+v+%#dp!Z$'\v$ap2/O=v9+'e$ap0M5]o5]o25.5!.=D=/6!>'d[%c%*)Z!\%#!a'(3+b!XV%$*!)W!+V'!(*)Z$#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!\$+V!*'#()[#$f$Y$+b!W)*!(*)#'X3+)*#!%[a!+V'!i3a$X$%Y!#b#+'e6!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 9

!

I\V)! $#! (*)+'X+$[4! +V'! (*)Z$#$)[%Y! 4)Z'*[e'[+`! 3#'a!\'%()[#!%4%$[#+!+V'!#3(()*+'*#!)W!R3*e%[f'd!>%d$b'ZL6G=!

B.! THE TEYIT BURNINGS:

A “RUBICON” IN ETHNIC RELATIONS

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!

!M5!!IS#.(%5)!.&)13D!F4/*+1!%4(8@#%L!qI;V*)[$XY'!)W!%!#$'4'D!+V'!Z$'\!W*)e!+V'!$[#$a'Lr`!2=6d4!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!25!:%b!25.5`!\\\62=6d4oX)ee3[$+bo]=G2.Q_*)[$d%Q)#%abQZc4Yb%aQ$c[3+*$6V+eY6!C[!.2!^3['`!+V'!W$*#+!a%b!)W!3[*'#+!$[!^%Y%Y%f%a`!+V'!3[$Z'*#$+b!\%#!+)*XV'a6!M.!I"6!>'d[%c%*)Z!*'()*+'a!)[!\)*d!X%**$'a!)3+!)Z'*!+V'!(%#+!+V*''!e)[+V#L`!R%f%*!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!)(6!X$+6!M2!I23#/34&@)(D!:9()#.1.;)()!x$#.&*8I5)y!@"*"0.((3?!$"#"/.;.#.;! C&"()! A3135.;)! 1/*);(./.! .#/)(%4)@.#)!)(@%$#);%@"*'&@;"((3?! )5<%6! $#.9)5%";&5./.! @.*5)L!qIP$*'+%(#!V%Z'!f''[!e%a'!(3fY$X!)W!(V)['!X)[Z'*#%+$)[#!)W!A#'[!@babd)Z`!+V'!e%$[!)*4%[$#'*!)W!>%d$b'ZQ)*$'[+'a!%[+$Q4)Z'*[e'[+!%X+$)[#Lr`!H'*4V%[%6*3!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!.=!:%b!25.5`!\\\6W'*4V%[%6*3o['\#6(V(F$ap.=].Ove)a'p#['\#6!?V'!%*Q+$XY'!%Y#)!(3fY$#V'a!%!X)(b!)W!%!#+%+'!#'X3*$+b!a)X3e'[+`!a%+'a!.2!:%b`!%((*)Z$[4!%!\$*'! +%(!)[!@babd)Z6!?V$#! *'W'**'a! +)!()##$fY'!\$a'#(*'%a!3[*'#+!$[!+V'!X%($+%Y!%[a!$[!+V'!#)3+V!f'Q+\''[!.2!%[a!.]!:%b6!M0!?*%[#X*$(+!)W!#(''XV'#!$[!^%Y%Y%f%a`!.=Q.G!:%b`!#(''XV!)W!>'d+3*!"#%[)Z`!8)Z'*[)*!)W!^%Y%Y%f%a6!M=!I!#"&&Q&*8,9)!:I&5./.!.9*)&@(./.!8$#);*"(%+!;(8@#"((%?!1"*!&..9-%*)!$.1#.9(.&@%!4)1"#,)(%+!C&"()!A3135.;)L!qIC#V!)fY%#+!a$*'X+)*%+'!)W!$[+'*[%Y!%WW%$*#!e%d'#!(3fY$X!a'+%$Y#!)W!+V'!a'+'[+$)[!)W!A#'[!@babd)ZLr`!H'*4V%[%Q"d$(*'##!['\#!#'*Z$X'`!.G!:%b!25.5`!V++(DooW'*4%[%6%d$(*'##6)*4o['\#DO5GO.6!MG!I@3ee%*b!)W!0!e)[+V#!(*)#'X3+)*!%X+$Z$+bL`!)(6!X$+6!!

MM!IC&"(!A3135.;!;3$8-"(!$.1!1.=)I(%6!)#"&@L!qIA#'[!@babd)Z!*'Y'%#'a!+)!V)3#'!%**'#+Lr`!"c%++bd!['\#!#$+'!k&H7o&E!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 10

!

+*%[#W'**'a!W*)e!(*$#)[!+)!V)3#'!%**'#+`!$[!Z$'\!)W!V$#!%aQZ%[X'a!%4'!%[a!())*!V'%Y+V6M]!"!#'[$)*!#'X3*$+b!)WW$X$%Y!#%b#!V'!$#![)\!%aZ$#$[4!%![3ef'*!)W!e%i)*!()Y$+$X%Y!(%*Q+$'#!W*)e!V$#!V)e'6MO!!

?V'!?'b$+!f3*[$[4#!e%b!\'YY!e%*d! +V'!f'4$[[$[4!)W!%![%**%+$Z'!)W!Acf'd!*'Z'[4'!+V%+!V%#![)\!f'X)e'!\'YYQ*))+'a!$[! Y%*4'!(%*+#!)W! +V'!Rb*4bc!X)ee3[$+b6!"#!)['!\'YYQ'a3X%+'a!Rb*4bc!(*)W'##$)[%Y!W*)e!^%Y%Y%f%a!*'X%YY'a`!+V'!$[X$a'[+!X)[Z$[X'a!V$e!)W!+V'!+*3+V!)W!#+)*$'#!+V%+!V%a!Y)[4!f''[!X$*X3Y%+$[4!1!I+V%+!+V'!Acf'd#!V%a!f''[!(Y%[Q[$[4!+V'$*!*'Z'[4'!#$[X'!.//5`!V$a$[4!\'%()[#!$[!+V'$*!e)#h3'#`!i3#+!\%$+$[4!W)*!+V'!+$e'!+)!#+*$d'L6M/!9[!+V'!a%b#!+)!X)e'`!%![3ef'*!)W!Rb*4bc!()Y$+$X$%[#!1!$[XY3a$[4!+V'!e%b)*!)W!C#V!%[a!#'[$)*!4)Z'*[e'[+!)WW$X$%Y#!1!*'('%+Q'aYb!%##'*+'a!+V%+!>%+b*)Z!e%a'!%!#'*$'#!)W!$[WY%ee%+)*b!#(''XV'#! )[!Acf'dQY%[43%4'!?N!#+%+$)[#! $[!C#V6!C['!W*'h3'[+Yb!*'('%+'a!Z'*#$)[!X$+'a!>%+b*)Z!X%YY$[4!W)*!I*'+*$Qf3+$)[!W)*!.//5L6]5! 9[! +V'! +*%[#X*$(+! )W! +V'! #(''XV'#!fb!>%+b*)Z!%[a!)+V'*#`![)!#3XV!#+%+'e'[+#!X%[!f'!W)3[a6!

C.! “THE SECURITY ORGANS DID

NOT FORGIVE HIM”

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 11

!

V.! POGROMS

A.! BEGINNINGS

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B.! A WELL-ORGANISED MOB

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!

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 12

!

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VIDEO TESTIMONY OF THE EARLY HOURS

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C.! CHEREMUSHKI

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!

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 13

!

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D.! THE USE OF ARMOURED VEHICLES

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 14

!

E.! WEAPONS SEIZURES AND DISTRIBUTION

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F.! EXPLAINING THE VIOLENCE

1.! The official version

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 15

!

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2.! Two narratives

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.25!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!V$4V!)WW$X$%Y`!22!^3Yb!25.56!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 16

!

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 17

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VI.!UNANSWERED QUESTIONS

A.! THE BAKIYEV FAMILY ROLE

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?V$#!$#![)+!+)!#%b!+V%+!+V'!()4*)e#!a$a![)+!$[Z)YZ'!%[b!e'ef'*#!)W!+V'!XY%[!)*`!('*V%(#`!W)*e'*!>%d$b'Z!)WW$X$%Y#![)\! Y))d$[4! +)! f3*[$#V! +V'$*! [%+$)[%Y$#+! X*'a'[+$%Y#6! 9+!#''e#!Y$d'Yb`!V)\'Z'*`!+V%+!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+!$#!)Z'*'eQ(V%#$#$[4!+V'!'_+'[+!)W!+V'!>%d$b'Z!X)[#($*%Xb!+)!i3#+$Wb!$+#!)\[!$e()+'[X'!$[!+V'!W%X'!)W! +V'!C#V!+*%4'ab6!9+! $#!'#('X$%YYb![)+'\)*+Vb!+V%+!:%b)*!:b*c%de%+)Z! +)Ya!%!i)3*[%Y$#+!)[!.M!^3['!+V%+!+V'*'!\%#![)!'Z$a'[X'!+V%+!+V'!>%d$b'Z!XY%[!\%#!f'V$[a!+V'!()4*)e6.0.!,)!e%*%3a'*#!)*!

!

!.05!?V'!+'*e!3#'a!\%#!+V'!3[+*%[#Y%+%fY'!.@=.#.45%`!\V$XV!$e(Y$'#!

#)e')['!\V)#'!e'[+%Y!W3[X+$)[#!%*'!$[!a''(!W*''c'6!!.0.!IRB#! :I)! R"*%&! R3#4)5=)@.;D! xU! &;.6! $.&@! ("!

.&@);*E{yL!qIC#V!:%b)*!:'Y$#!:b*c%de%+)ZD!u9!\$YY![)+!Y'%Z'!eb!()#+gLr`!H'*4V%[%6*3!\'f#$+'`!.M! 3['!25.5`!\\\6W'*4V%[%6!*3o%*+$XY'6(V(F$apMM.=6!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 18

!

a'e)[#+*%+)*#!%((%*'[+Yb!'_(*'##'a!#3(()*+!W)*!+V'!a'Q()#'a!(*'#$a'[+!a3*$[4!+V'!()4*)e#6!!

B.! WERE THE UZBEKS ARMED?

K'#($+'!W*'h3'[+!4)Z'*[e'[+!XY%$e#!+V*)34V)3+!+V'!W$4V+Q$[4! +V%+! +V'! Acf'd#! \'*'! V'%Z$Yb! %*e'a! 1! %##'*+$)[#!h3)+'a!fb!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!e'a$%!%[a!)+V'*!4*)3(#`!$[XY3a$[4!;*$#$#!8*)3(`!$[!+V'!W$*#+!a%b#!)W!+V'!Z$)Y'[X'!1!+V'*'!$#![)!$[a$X%+$)[!+V%+!+V'!Acf'd#!V%a!%[b!#$4[$W$X%[+!%*#'[%Y6!,)!Z$a')!'Z$a'[X'!V%#!f''[!W)3[a`!%[a![)!*'Y$%fY'!)3+#$a'!+'#+$e)[$'#!V%Z'!#3*W%X'a6!?V'!Acf'd#!(3+!3(!%!W3*$)3#!*'#$#+%[X'!$[!e%[b!(Y%X'#`!\$+V!#+)['#`!fY3[+!$[#+*3e'[+#`!e)Y)+)Z! X)Xd+%$Y#! %[a! #)e'!V3[+$[4! *$WY'#6!"#! +V'!()Q4*)e#!X)[+$[3'a`!Acf'd#!$[!#'Z'*%Y!mahallas!X)[XY3a'a!+V'b!#V)3Ya!+*b!+)!#'$c'!%3+)e%+$X!\'%()[#!W*)e!%++%XdQ'*#`!'Z'[!%+!+V'!X)#+!)W!+V'$*!)\[!Y$Z'#6!K$#X3##$)[#!Y$d'!+V$#!\'*'!*'()*+'a!$[!+V'!AZ%e#d%b%!#+*''+!%*'%!%[a!$[!+V'!X'[+*'!)W!C#V6.02!9[!#)e'!a$#+*$X+#!3[a'*!%++%Xd`!(')(Y'!\'*'!*'()*+'aYb!(V)[$[4!a'#('*%+'Yb`!%[a!3[#3XX'##W3YYb`!+)!%Xh3$*'!\'%()[#6!"#!+V$#!$#!XY'%*Yb!)['!)W!+V'!d'b!'Y'Qe'[+#!$[!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+![%**%+$Z'!)W!'Z'[+#`!+V'!Rb*4bc!%3+V)*$+$'#![''a!+)!(*)Z$a'!$[a'('[a'[+Yb!Z'*$W$%fY'!'Z$Qa'[X'!W)*!+V'$*!XY%$e#6!!

!

!.02!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!AZ%e#d%b%!#+*''+`!C#V`!/! 3Yb!25.56!

?\)!\'%()[#!\'*'!#'$c'a!$[!+V$#!\%b`!\$+V!#'Z'*%Y!)W!+V)#'!+*b$[4!+)!#'$c'!+V'!\'%()[#!*'()*+'aYb!d$YY'a!$[!+V'!(*)X'##6!

VII.!AFTERMATH

A.! THE HUMAN COST

1.! Death toll

C[!.O!^3['!25.5`!%#!+V'!)WW$X$%Y!a'%+V!+)YY!*'%XV'a!./.`!S*'#$a'[+!&)c%!C+3[f%b'Z%!\%*['a!+V%+!+V'!*'%Y!+)+%Y!\%#!Y$d'Yb!+)!f'!+'[!+$e'#!+V'!)WW$X$%Y!W$43*'6.00!:%[b!Z$X+$e#`!#V'! '_(Y%$['a`! \)3Ya! f'! f3*$'a! $ee'a$%+'Yb! %#! Y)X%Y!X3#+)e!a'e%[a#`!%[a![)+!)WW$X$%YYb!*'4$#+'*'a6!H*)e!+V%+!()$[+! )[! +V'*'! \'*'! X)[WY$X+$[4! #+%+$#+$X#6! S*'#$a'[+!C+3[f%b'Z%g#!W)*e3Y%!\%#!['$+V'*!%e'[a'a![)*!*'#X$[a'a6!C[! .2! ^3Yb! %! (*)Z$#$)[%Y! 4)Z'*[e'[+! a'(3+b! XV%$*`!"c$ef'd!>'d[%c%*)Z`!+)Ya!%!&3##$%[!(%('*!+V%+!O/0!V%a!a$'a6.0=!?V'!)WW$X$%Y!X)3[+`!e'%[\V$Y'`!*'%XV'a!0/0!fb!./!"343#+!25.56.0G!!

2.! Destruction

K%+%!%##'efY'a!W*)e!#%+'YY$+'!$e%4'*b!fb!+V'!A,!$[a$X%+'!+V%+!2`M]]!f3$Ya$[4#!\'*'!+)+%YYb!a'#+*)b'aD!)W!+V'#'!.`/]]!$[!C#V!X$+b`!=5.!$[!>%c%*!R3*4)[`!+)!+V'![)*+V!\'#+!)W!^%Y%Y%f%a`!%[a!2M.! $[!^%Y%Y%f%a!X$+b! $+#'YW6.0M!>b!'%*Yb!"343#+!]G`555!(')(Y'!\'*'!#+$YY!a$#(Y%X'a`!V%YW!\$+V)3+!V)e'#!+)!*'+3*[!+)6!?V'!(*$)*$+b!#V)3Ya!f'!(*)Z$a$[4!#V'YQ+'*!+)!+V)#'!\V)![''a!$+!f'W)*'!+V'!)[#'+!)W!\$[+'*!%+!+V'!'[a!)W!CX+)f'*6!"+!+V'!e)e'[+`!V)\'Z'*`!+V'*'!$#!%!#V%*(!a$WW'*'[X'!)W!)($[$)[!f'+\''[!+V'!X$+b!4)Z'*[e'[+!%[a!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!)*4%[$#%+$)[#6!?V'!Y%++'*!#+*'##!+V'![''a!+)!*'#+)*'!+V'!V)3#'#!a'#+*)b'a!)*!a%e%4'a`!%[a!+)!(*)Z$a'!

!

!.00!NY%a$e$*!@)Y)Zb)Z`!I7.4)!:@8(9)";)D!G)&@!K./`!$.*8>%=!

$.*.,%@"*'(36!.@;"@!.@!7.&&%L!qI&)c%!C+3[f%b'Z%`!8)a!\$YY$[4`!\'!\$YY!4'+!%!()#$+$Z'!%[#\'*!W*)e!&3##$%Lr`!Kommer-

sant`!.O! 3['!25.5`!\\\6d)ee'*#%[+6*3oa)X6%#(_FW*)e#'%*XVp!%2ff]aW'Q0Wf2Q=W.WQf/GaQG=G0/'/O/a5fva)X#$ap.0O]]]26!.0=!"c$ef'd!>'d[%c%*)Z`!ICW!X)3*#'!$+!\$YY!f'!%!X)XdQ3(L`!)(6!X$+6!!

.0G!ICWW$X$%Y!a'%+V!+)YY!XY$ef#!+)!0/0!$[!C#V!%[a!^%Y%YQ"f%aL`!

2=6d4!['\#!#$+'`!./!"343#+!25.5`!!V++(Doo'[462=6d4oX)ee3[$+bo!25.5o5Oo./o.0.OO6V+eY!.0M!IK%e%4'!%[%Yb#$#!#3ee%*b!W)*!+V'!%WW'X+'a!X$+$'#!)W!C#V`!

^%Y%YQ%f%a!%[a!>%c%*QR3*4%[`!Rb*4bc#+%[L`!a%e%4'!%[%Yb#$#!f%#'a!)[!()#+QX*$#$#!#%+'YY$+'!$e%4'*b!*'X)*a'a!)[!.O!%[a!2.!^3['!25.5`!A,C@"?`!/! 3Yb!25.5 !\\\6*'Y$'W\'f6$[+o*\oW3YYe%(#s!#%6[#WoY3H3YY:%(o"/M/..GG5M/25O7M;.2G]]M25502>]=7on!H$Y'o:%(6(aWFC('[7Y'e'[+6!H)*!%!4)Z'*[e'[+!'#+$e%+'`!#''!IQ6A)@39)*1%";D!C-"#9`!()("&"((36!23#/34&@)(8`!;&"=8!()I"=8!()#.18!&!=.#)*'(.6!%!$.*%@%>"&5.6!@.>5%!4#"(%+!./#.="(! %! "/.!(";.4=.,(.! .<"(%@'! 5.*%>"&@;"((.L! qI^6!@%+bf%Ya$b'ZD!?V'!a%e%4'a!$[WY$X+'a!)[!Rb*4bc#+%[`!%YY!)3*!(')(Y'!W*)e!+V'!e)*%Y!%[a!()Y$+$X%Y!Z$'\()$[+!$#!'[)*e)3#!%[a!X%[[)+!f'!e'%#3*'a!h3%[+$+%+$Z'YbLr`!>'Yb$!S%*3#`!2]! 3Yb!25.5`!\\\6(%*3#d46$[W)o25.5o5]o2]o2/2=0|e)*'Q2/2=06!!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 19

!

+'e()*%*b!V)3#$[4!W%X$Y$+$'#!%#!#))[!%#!()##$fY'6.0]!?V'!C#V!%3+V)*$+$'#`!)[!+V'!)+V'*!V%[a`!#('%d!)W!f3$Ya$[4!V$4V!*$#'!V)3#$[4!W)*!+V)#'!\V)!V%Z'!Y)#+!+V'$*!V)e'#6!?V$#!*'(*'#'[+#!%!(*)W)3[a!f*'%d!\$+V!+V'!+*%a$+$)[%Y!Acf'd!\%b!)W!Y$W'!$[!+V'!mahallas6!;)[#+*3X+$)[!\)3Ya!f'!#Y)\`!%[a!$[!Rb*4bc#+%[!$#!Y$d'Yb!+)!f'!a'*%$Y'a!fb!X)**3(+$)[`!%#!f3$Ya$[4!X)[+*%X+#!%*'!a'+'*e$['a!fb!()Y$+$X%Y!*'Y%+$)[Q#V$(#!*%+V'*!+V%[!#d$YY!)*!(*)f$+b6!!

3.! Refugees

"f)3+!.25`555!*'W34''#`!e)#+Yb!Acf'd!\)e'[`!XV$Ya*'[!%[a!'Ya'*Yb`!WY'a!%X*)##!+V'!f)*a'*!$[+)!Acf'd$#+%[!a3*$[4!+V'!Z$)Y'[X'6!?V'*'!+V'b!\'*'!V)3#'a!$[!%!\'YYQ)*4%[$#'a`!+$4V+YbQX)[+*)YY'a! #'*$'#! )W! X%e(#! %ae$[$#+'*'a! fb! +V'!Acf'd!4)Z'*[e'[+6!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!)WW$X$%Y#![)+'a!+V%+!+V'$*!Z$#$+#!+)!+V'!X%e(#!\'*'!XY)#'Yb!e)[$+)*'a!%[a!#)e'+$e'#!$e('a'a! fb!Acf'd! )WW$X$%Y#6.0O! ?V'! *'W34''#`!e%[b! )W!+V'e!Y)X%+'a!$[!%[a!%*)3[a!"[a$i%[`!\'*'![)+!%YY)\'a!)3+!)W!+V'!X%e(#`!\V'*'!+V'b!#+%b'a!W)*!%f)3+!+\)!\''d#6!!

"#!+V'!2]!^3['!*'W'*'[a3e!%((*)%XV'a`!+V'b!\'*'!3*4'a!+)!*'+3*[!fb!f)+V!Z$#$+$[4!Rb*4bc!)WW$X$%Y#!%[a!*'(*'#'[+%Q+$Z'#! )W! +V'! Acf'd! 4)Z'*[e'[+6.0/! ?V'! CWW$X'! )W! +V'!A[$+'a! ,%+$)[#! <$4V! ;)ee$##$)['*! W)*! &'W34''#!kA,<;&l!'_(*'##'a!X)[X'*[!+V%+!+V'b!\'*'!f'$[4!X)eQ('YY'a!+)!4)!f%Xd`.=5!\V$XV!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+!a'[$'a6!?V'!W%X+!+V%+!%f)3+!O5`555!*'W34''#!Y'W+!+V'!X%e(#!#()[+%['Q)3#Yb!%XX)*a$[4!+)!+V'!Rb*4bc!4)Z'*[e'[+`!$[!+V'!#(%X'!)W!%!W'\!a%b#!a$a![)+!a$#('Y!a)3f+#6.=.!?V'b!*'+3*['a!+)!a'#+*)b'a!V)e'#`!#+%b$[4!\$+V!W*$'[a#!%[a!*'Y%+$Z'#`!)*!#%YZ%4$[4!\V%+!+V'b!X)3Ya!%[a!+%d$[4!3(!*'#$a'[X'`!3#3%YYb!!

!.0]!IRb*4bc#+%[D!A,<;&!X%YY#!W)*!f'++'*!*'+3*[!X)[a$+$)[#`!%(Q

('%Y#!W)*!e)*'!W3[a#!f'W)*'!\$[+'*L`!A,;<&`!2]!^3Yb!25.5`!!\\\63[VX*6)*4o=X='%G%O/6V+eYj!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!$[+'*Q[%+$)[%Y!)WW$X$%Y`!"343#+!25.56!!.0O!IA,<;&!#+%*+#!%$a!a$#+*$f3+$)[!%#![3ef'*!)W!*'W34''#!$[!AcQ

f'd$#+%[!+)(#!.55`555L`!A,<;&`!22!^3['!25.5`!\\\63[VX*6!)*4o=X25fX]G/6V+eYj!W)*!%XX'##!f'$[4!$e('a'a`!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!#'[$)*!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!)WW$X$%Y`!2M!^3['!25.56!.0/!I:! ;.4;#)-"(%%! 9","(<";! %4!23#/34&@)()L! qIC[! +V'!

&'+3*[!)W!&'W34''#!W*)e!Rb*4bc#+%[Lr`!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WQW%$*#!)W!+V'!&'(3fY$X!)W!Acf'd$#+%[`!.! 3Yb!25.5`!V++(DooeW%63co!*3#o(*'##%s$se'a$%s#'*Z$#o['\#o)sZ)cZ*%#V'[$$sf'i'['Zs$cs!d$*4$c#+%[%6e4*j!IK","(<3!%4!23#/34&@)()!;!C49"5%&@)("D!C?.1!%!;.4;#)@L!qI&'W34''#!W*)e!Rb*4bc#+%[!$[!Acf'd$#+%[D!'_)a3#!%[a!*'+3*[Lr`!H'*4V%[%6*3`!05! 3['!25.5`!\\\6W'*4V%[%6!*3o%*+$XY'6(V(F$apMM0O6!!.=5!IA,<;&!X%3+$)[#!+V%+!*'+3*[#!$[!Rb*4bc#+%[!e3#+!f'!#3#Q

+%$[%fY'L`!A,<;&`!20! 3['!25.5`!\\\63[VX*6)*4o=X205f]G/6!V+eY6!!.=.!IF!23#/34&@)(!$.&*"!%E('&5%?!@#)/%>"&5%?!&.93@%6!

;"#(8*.&'! ]O! @3&+>! M]G!9","(<";L! qI]O`M]G! *'W34''#! *'Q+3*['a!+)!Rb*4bc#+%[!%W+'*!+V'!+*%4$X! 3['!'Z'[+#Lr`!2=6d4!['\#!#$+'`!2]! 3['!25.5`!\\\62=6d4o)#Vo]]M02QZQdb*4bc#+%[Q()#Y'Q$b3[#d$_Q+*%4$XV'#d$_Q#)fb+$i6V+eY6!!

XY)#'!+)!+V'$*!*3$['a!V)e'#`!$[!+'[+#!(*)Z$a'a!fb!$[+'*[%Q+$)[%Y! )*4%[$#%+$)[#6!C['!\)e%[!\V)! *'+3*['a`! *'Y3XQ+%[+Yb!fb!V'*!)\[!%XX)3[+`!*'X%YY'a!f'$[4!+)Ya!fb!%!Z$#$+$[4!Rb*4bc!)WW$X$%Y!+V%+!$W!#V'!a$a![)+!*'+3*[`!#V'!\)3Ya!f'!#'[+!+)!%!X%e(!$[!>%+d'[`!W%*!W*)e!C#V`!%[a!\)3Ya![)+!#''!V'*!W%e$Yb!%4%$[!W)*!%!Y)[4!+$e'6.=2!

B.! REFERENDUM

K'#($+'!+V'!fY))a#V'a!$[!C#V!%[a!^%Y%Y%f%a`!+V'!(*)Z$Q#$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!\'[+!%V'%a!\$+V!%!*'W'*'[a3e!)[!%!['\!X)[#+$+3+$)[!)[!2]! 3['`!$[#$#+$[4!+V%+!+V$#!\)3Ya!f'!%!e3XV![''a'a!Z%Y$a%+$)[!)W!+V'$*!Y'4$+$e%Xb6!?V'!*'W'*'[Qa3e!(%##'a!('%X'W3YYb`!\$+V!+V'!#+%+'!)W!'e'*4'[Xb!%[a!X3*W'\!Y$W+'a!W)*!)['!a%b!\V$Y'!Z)+$[4!+))d!(Y%X'6!?V'!4)Z'*[e'[+!XY%$e'a!%!+3*[)3+!)W!]262!('*!X'[+`!)W!\V$XV!/56G!('*!X'[+!Z)+'a!b'#!+)!+V'!)['!h3'#+$)[!)[!+V'!f%YQY)+6.=0!?V'!+3*[)3+!\%#!%Y#)!*'()*+'a!+)!f'!V$4V!$[!+V'!#)3+V6!!

?V'!Z)+'!\%#!e)[$+)*'a!fb!%!*'a3X'a!+'%e!)W!C@;7!)fQ#'*Z'*#!1!#'X3*$+b!X)[X'*[#! Y'a! +V'!C@;7!+)!\$+Va*%\!Y)[4Q+'*e!)f#'*Z'*#!W*)e!C#V!%[a!^%Y%Y%f%a!%[a![)+!+)!a'(Y)b!055!#V)*+Q+'*e!e)[$+)*#6.==!?V'!C@;7!a'XY%*'a!+V%+!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+!'#+%fY$#V'a!I+V'!['X'##%*b!X)[a$+$)[#!W)*!+V'!X)[a3X+!)W!%!('%X'W3Y!X)[#+$+3+$)[%Y!*'W'*'[a3eL`!f3+! '_(*'##'a!e$Ya! *'#'*Z%+$)[#! %f)3+! +V'! $[X)[#$#+'[+!Y'4%Y!W*%e'\)*d!%[a!X)[Z)Y3+'a!\)*a$[4!)W!+V'!h3'#+$)[6!9+!%Y#)![)+'a!+V%+!I%[!%+e)#(V'*'!)W!W'%*!%[a!+V'!(*'Z%$YQ$[4!#'X3*$+b!X)[a$+$)[#!$[!+V'!C#V!%[a! %Y%YQ"f%a!)fY%#+#!V%e('*'a!()##$f$Y$+$'#! W)*!X%e(%$4[$[4! $[! +V'! Y%#+! +\)!\''d#!f'W)*'!+V'!*'W'*'[a3eL6.=G!?V'!+3*[)3+!$[!C#V!\%#!

!

!.=2!;*$#$#!8*)3(!$[+'*Z$'\`!C#V`!]!^3Yb!25.56!

.=0!?V'!f%YY)+!%#d'a!Rb*4bc!X$+$c'[#!+)!Z)+'!b'#!)*![)!I+)!%XX'(+!

+V'!;)[#+$+3+$)[!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$X!%[a!+V'!E%\!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$X! uC[! 9e(Y'e'[+$[4! +V'!;)[#+$+3+$)[!)W! +V'!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$Xg`!+V'!a*%W+#!)W!\V$XV!%*'!(*)()#'a!fb!+V'!S*)QZ$#$)[%Y!8)Z'*[e'[+!W)*!%!*'W'*'[a3eL`!\\\6#V%$Y))64)Z6d4o!()#+%[)ZY'[$b%QX$dQd*o)fQ3+Z'*cVa'[$$Q+'d#+%Qfb3YY'+'[b%QaYb%Q4)Y)#)Z%[$b%Q[%Q*'W'*'[a3e'Qdb*4bc#d)iQ*'#(3fY$d$Q2]Q$b3[b%Q!25.5Q4)a%Q)fQ3+Z'*cVa'[$$Q+'d#+%Qfb3YY'+'[b%QaYb%Q4)Y)#)Z%[$b%Q![%Q*'W'*'[a3e'Qdb*4bc#d)iQ*'#(3fo6!@''!IC[!"((*)Z$[4!+V'!?'_+!)W!+V'!N)+$[4!>%YY)+!%+!+V'!&'W'*'[a3e!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!&'Q(3fY$X!)[!2]!^3['!25.5L`!K'X*''!)W!+V'!;'[+*%Y!7Y'X+$)[!%[a!&'W'*'[a3e!;)ee$##$)[!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$X6!?V'!*'W'*'[Qa3e!*'#3Y+#!%*'!%Z%$Y%fY'!W*)e!+V'!;'[+*%Y!7Y'X+$)[!%[a!&'W'*Q'[a3e!;)ee$##$)[!)W!+V'!Rb*4bc!&'(3fY$X`!V++(DooX'X6#V%$Y))6!4)Z6d4o$Q'Y'X+$)[6%#(F7Y'X+$)[9Kp.02vK$#+*$X+9Kp.=]56!.==!G)#'+!!.1.*'&5)+!I:KAV!("!$#%I*"@!;!23#/34&@)(!055!

>"*.;"5`!$#%4;)((3?!()9*E1)@'!4)!?.1.=!#"0"#"(18=)L!qK%*b%!S)a)Y#d%b%`!IC@;7!\$YY![)+!#'[a!055!(')(Y'!+)!Rb*Q4bc#+%[!\V)!\'*'!#3(()#'a!+)!)f#'*Z'!+V'!*'W'*'[a3eLr`!2=6d4!['\#! #$+'`! 22! ^3['! 25.5`! \\\62=6d4o()Y$+$Xo]].//Q)f#'Q)+)cZ%Y%Q055QXV'Y)Z'dQ(*$cZ%[[b_Q[%fYb3a%+6V+eY6!!.=G!I@+%+'e'[+! )W! S*'Y$e$[%*b! H$[a$[4#! %[a! ;)[XY3#$)[#L`!

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 20

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VIII.! THE INTERNATIONAL MOOD:

SHADES OF PESSIMISM

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A.! THE U.S. AND RUSSIA:

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 21

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 22

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 23

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 24

!

IX.!POLITICAL FALLOUT

A.! THE BAKIYEV FAMILY: CRISIS

MANAGEMENT

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 25

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 26

!

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C.! TWO DAYS IN AUGUST:

HUMILIATION FOR THE GOVERNMENT

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The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 27

!

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X.! CONCLUSION

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?V'!*'#()[#$f$Y$+b!W)*!+*b$[4!+)!+3*[!%*)3[a!+V'!a$#%#+*)3#!#$+3%+$)[!$[!+V'!#)3+V!\$YY!+V'*'W)*'!W%YY!)[!+V'!#V)3Ya'*#!)W!+V'!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!X)ee3[$+b!1!%Ye)#+!fb!a'W%3Y+`!4$Z'[!+V'!)3+#$a'!\)*Yag#!#+3a$'a!3[\$YY$[4['##!+)!f'X)e'!$[QZ)YZ'a!\V$Y'!+V'!()4*)e#!\'*'!V%(('[$[46!9+! $#!%! +%#d!+V%+!\$YY![''a!X))*a$[%+$)[`!%!#$[4Y'!#+*%+'4b!%[a!%!XY'%*!Z$#$)[`!%YY!%++*$f3+'#!+V%+!V%Z'!f''[!X)[#($X3)3#Yb!%f#'[+!#)!W%*6!?V'!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!X)ee3[$+b!\$YY!%Y#)![''a!+)!a'Q(Y)b!#+*'[3)3#!'WW)*+#!+)!('*#3%a'!%!a''(Yb!*'Y3X+%[+!Rb*Q4bc!4)Z'*[e'[+!+)!#3(()*+!#3XV!e'%#3*'#6!?V'!'%*Yb!a'Q(Y)be'[+!)W!+V'!C@;7!()Y$X'!e$##$)[!+)!C#V!\)3Ya!$[a$QX%+'!+V%+!+V'!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!X)ee3[$+b!3[a'*#+%[a#!+V%+!%!X)[WY$X+!(*'Z'[+$)[!#+*%+'4b!*'h3$*'#!%!*%[4'!)W!W)*X'W3Y!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!a$(Y)e%+$X!%[a!)+V'*!e'XV%[$#e#6!

9+!\$YY![''a!+)!(3#V!W)*!%!W3YYQWY'a4'a`!'_V%3#+$Z'!$[Z'#+$Q4%+$)[`! \$+V! %! Y'%a$[4! *)Y'! 4$Z'[! +)! +V'! CWW$X'! )W! +V'!A[$+'a!,%+$)[#!<$4V!;)ee$##$)['*!W)*!<3e%[!&$4V+#!)*!%[)+V'*!f)ab!\$+V!'_('*$'[X'!%[a!X%(%X$+b!$[!+V$#!W$'Ya6!?V'! $[Z'#+$4%+$)[!\$YY! [''a! +)! '_%e$['! +V)*)34VYb! %YY!Z$)Y'[X'`!%[a!%YY!%YY'4%+$)[#!e%a'!fb!f)+V!X)ee3[$+$'#6!P$+V)3+! %[! %3+V)*$+%+$Z'! %[a! X)[Z$[X$[4! $[Z'#+$4%+$)[!$[+)!+V'!Z$)Y'[X'`!$+#!X%3#'#!%[a!('*('+*%+)*#`!*'X)[X$Y$%Q+$)[!\$YY!f'!$e()##$fY'6!!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 23 August 2010 Page 28

!

?V'!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!X)ee3[$+b!#V)3Ya!(3#V!W)*!X3Y+3*%YYb!#'[#$+$Z'!*'X)[#+*3X+$)[`![)+!$YYQX)[#$a'*'a!%[a!$[WY%ee%Q+)*b!(Y%[#`!#3XV!%#!+V)#'!)W!+V'!C#V!4)Z'*[e'[+!+)!f3$Ya!V$4V!*$#'!V)3#$[46!?V'!+'e('*%+3*'!\$YY!#+%*+!+)!a*)(!$[!+V'!#)3+V!fb!CX+)f'*`!Y)[4!f'W)*'!'Z'[!+V'!W)3[a%+$)[#!V%Z'!f''[!a34!W)*!%[b!%(%*+e'[+!fY)Xd6!9W!+V)#'!\V)!Y)#+!+V'$*!V)e'#!a)![)+!\%[+!+)!e)Z'!$[+)!%(%*+e'[+#`!+V'b!#V)3Ya![)+!f'!W)*X'a6!9W!Acf'd#!\%[+!+)!#''!+V'$*!+*%a$Q+$)[%Y!mahallas! *'#+)*'a`! +V'! $[+'*[%+$)[%Y! X)ee3[$+b!#V)3Ya!*'#('X+!+V%+6!!

9[!(%*+$X3Y%*`!a)[)*#!\$YY![''a!+)!'[#3*'!+V%+![)!e)['b!4)'#!+)!+V'!C#V!*'4$)[%Y!4)Z'*[e'[+!\V)#'!(*''e$['[+!Y'%a'*!:'Y$#!:b*c%de%+)Z!V%#!%Y*'%ab!a'XY%*'a!V$#!a'Q+'*e$[%+$)[!+)!\)*d!'_XY3#$Z'Yb!W)*!V$#!Rb*4bc!I[%+$)[L!k()<%+l6!"[b!a)[)*!(3++$[4!e)['b!$[+)!+V'!*'X)[#+*3X+$)[!)W!+V'!#)3+V!#V)3Ya!V%Z'!%[!'WW'X+$Z'!)[Q+V'Q4*)3[a!e)[$Q+)*$[4!X%(%X$+b`!\)*d!XY)#'Yb!\$+V!)+V'*!)*4%[$#%+$)[#!'[Q4%4'a!$[!#$e$Y%*!%X+$Z$+$'#`!%[a!V%Z'!%!XY'%*!4%e'Q(Y%[!W)*!$+#!a'%Y$[4#!\$+V!+V'!C#V!4)Z'*[e'[+6!&'X)[#+*3X+$)[!)W!+V'!#)3+V!#V)3Ya![)+!f'!3#'a!W)*!Y)X%Y!Y'%a'*#g!('*#)[%Y!4%$[6!7Z'[!e)*'!$e()*+%[+Yb`!*'X)[#+*3X+$)[!#V)3Ya![)+!f'X)e'!%!e'%[#!+)!*'$[W)*X'!+V'!()#$+$)[!)W!%[!'_+*'e'![%+$)[%Y$#+!()Y$+$X$%[!\V)!V%#!%Y*'%ab!X'%#'a!+)!)f'b!+V'!4)Z'*[e'[+!$[!>$#Vd'd6!

?V'!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!X)ee3[$+b!\$YY!%Y#)![''a!+)!\)*d!)[!%!fY3'(*$[+! W)*! '#+%fY$#V$[4! %! Y)[4Q+'*e!e)a3#! Z$Z'[a$!f'+\''[! +V'! e%i)*$+b! Rb*4bc! %[a! '+V[$X! e$[)*$+$'#`!Acf'd#!%[a!)+V'*#6!?V'!X3**'[+!%((*)%XV!1!+V%+!%[b!*'XQ)4[$+$)[!)W!Acf'd!$a'[+$+b!$#!%!+V*'%+!+)!Rb*4bc!$a'[+$+b!Y'%a#!)[Yb!+)!%!a'%aQ'[a6!?V'!W)*X'#!+V%+!\'*'!$[Z)YZ'a!$[!+V'!\'YY!(Y%[['a!%[a!'_'X3+'a!%++%Xd#!)[!Acf'd!mahallas!%*'!%!+V*'%+!+)!Rb*4bc!a'e)X*%Xb!%[a!a'Z'Y)(e'[+`![)+!i3#+!+)!'+V[$X!e$[)*$+$'#6!

?V'#'!%*'!'[)*e)3#!XV%YY'[4'#6!?V'!Rb*4bc!4)Z'*[e'[+`!(*)W)3[aYb!%\%*'!)W!$+#!\'%d['##!%[a!+V'!a%[4'*#!$[V'*'[+!$[!'_%e$[$[4!+))!XY)#'Yb!+V'!+*%4'ab!)W! 3['!25.5`!X%[!f'!'_('X+'a! +)! *'#$#+! +V'#'!XV%[4'#!%+! 'Z'*b! +3*[6!B'+! +V'!%Y+'*[%+$Z'#!%*'!Z'*b!4*$e6!?V'!X)3[+*b!$#!a'!W%X+)!#(Y$+!$[!+\)6!9W!+V$#!X)[+$[3'#`!%!X*$e$[%Y!#+%+'!X)3Ya!\'YY!'e'*4'!$[!+V'!#)3+V`!f%Xd'a!fb![%*X)+$X#!a'%Y'*#!%[a!(*)Z$a$[4!#%W'!V%Z'[!+)!9#Y%e$X!*%a$X%Y!43'**$YY%#6!"!W'\!b'%*#!%4)`!Rb*4bc#+%[!\%#!Z$'\'a`![)+!X)e(Y'+'Yb!$e(Y%3#$fYb`!%#!;'[+*%Y!"#$%g#!)3+()#+!)W!a'e)X*%Xb!%[a!+)Y'*%[X'6!9W!$+!X)[+$[3'#!)[!$+#!(*'#'[+!(%+V`!$+!*$#d#!%+!\)*#+!a$#$[+'4*%+$)[`!%+!f'#+!+V'!*'(3+%+$)[!)W!f'$[4!+V'!#$Xd!e%[!)W!;'[+*%Y!"#$%6!

Brussels/Bishkek, 23 August 2010

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 19 August 2010 Page 29

!

APPENDIX A

MAP OF KYRGYZSTAN

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 19 August 2010 Page 30

!

APPENDIX B

ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL CRISIS GROUP !

!

?V'!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!;*$#$#!8*)3(!k;*$#$#!8*)3(l!$#!%[!$[a'Q('[a'[+`![)[Q(*)W$+`![)[Q4)Z'*[e'[+%Y!)*4%[$#%+$)[`!\$+V!#)e'!.05!#+%WW!e'ef'*#!)[!W$Z'!X)[+$['[+#`!\)*d$[4!+V*)34V!W$'YaQf%#'a!%[%Yb#$#!%[a!V$4VQY'Z'Y!%aZ)X%Xb!+)!(*'Z'[+!%[a!*'#)YZ'!a'%aYb!X)[WY$X+6!

;*$#$#!8*)3(g#!%((*)%XV!$#!4*)3[a'a!$[!W$'Ya!*'#'%*XV6!?'%e#!)W!()Y$+$X%Y!%[%Yb#+#!%*'!Y)X%+'a!\$+V$[!)*!XY)#'!fb!X)3[+*$'#!%+!*$#d!)W!)3+f*'%d`!'#X%Y%+$)[!)*!*'X3**'[X'!)W!Z$)Y'[+!X)[WY$X+6!>%#'a!)[!$[W)*e%+$)[!%[a!%##'##e'[+#!W*)e!+V'!W$'Ya`!$+!(*)Qa3X'#! %[%Yb+$X%Y! *'()*+#! X)[+%$[$[4! (*%X+$X%Y! *'X)ee'[Qa%+$)[#!+%*4'+'a!%+!d'b!$[+'*[%+$)[%Y!a'X$#$)[Q+%d'*#6!;*$#$#!8*)3(!%Y#)!(3fY$#V'#!CrisisWatch`!%!+\'YZ'Q(%4'!e)[+VYb!f3YY'+$[`!(*)Z$a$[4!%!#3XX$[X+!*'43Y%*!3(a%+'!)[!+V'!#+%+'!)W!(Y%b! $[! %YY! +V'! e)#+! #$4[$W$X%[+! #$+3%+$)[#! )W! X)[WY$X+! )*!()+'[+$%Y!X)[WY$X+!%*)3[a!+V'!\)*Ya6!

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;*$#$#!8*)3(g#! $[+'*[%+$)[%Y!V'%ah3%*+'*#!%*'! $[!>*3##'Y#`!\$+V!e%i)*!%aZ)X%Xb!)WW$X'#!$[!P%#V$[4+)[!K;!k\V'*'!$+!$#!f%#'a! %#! %! Y'4%Y! '[+$+bl! %[a!,'\!B)*d`! %! #e%YY'*! )['! $[!E)[a)[! %[a! Y$%$#)[! (*'#'[X'#! $[!:)#X)\! %[a!>'$i$[46!?V'!)*4%[$#%+$)[!X3**'[+Yb!)('*%+'#![$['!*'4$)[%Y!)WW$X'#!k$[!>$#Vd'd`!>)4)+~`!K%d%*`!9#Y%e%f%a`!9#+%[f3Y`! %d%*+%`!,%$*)f$`!S*$#+$[%!%[a!?f$Y$#$l!%[a!V%#!Y)X%Y!W$'Ya!*'(*'#'[Q+%+$)[!$[!W)3*+''[!%aa$+$)[%Y!Y)X%+$)[#!k>%d3`!>%[4d)d`!>'$*3+`! >3i3ef3*%`!K%e%#X3#`!K$Y$`! ^'*3#%Y'e`!R%f3Y`!R%+Ve%[a3`! R$[#V%#%`! S)*+Q%3QS*$[X'`! S*'+)*$%`! @%*%i'Z)!%[a!@')3Yl6!;*$#$#!8*)3(!X3**'[+Yb!X)Z'*#!#)e'!M5!%*'%#!)W!%X+3%Y!)*!()+'[+$%Y!X)[WY$X+!%X*)##!W)3*!X)[+$['[+#6!9[!"W*$X%`!+V$#!$[XY3a'#!>3*3[a$`!;%e'*))[`!;'[+*%Y!"W*$X%[!&'(3fY$X`!;V%a`!;�+'!ag9Z)$*'`!K'e)X*%+$X!&'(3fY$X!)W! +V'!;)[4)`!7*$+*'%`!7+V$)($%`!83$['%`!83$['%Q>$##%3`!R'[b%`!E$f'*$%`!:%a%4%#X%*`!,$4'*$%`!&\%[a%`!@$'**%!E')['`!@)e%Y$%`!@3a%[`!A4%[a%!%[a!T$ef%f\'j!$[!"#$%`!"W4V%[$#+%[`!>%[4Y%a'#V`!

>3*e%o:b%[e%*`!9[a)['#$%`!R%#Ve$*`!R%c%dV#+%[`!Rb*4bcQ#+%[`!,'(%Y`!,)*+V!R)*'%`!S%d$#+%[`!SV$Y$(($['#`!@*$!E%[d%`!?%$\%[!@+*%$+`!?%i$d$#+%[`!?V%$Y%[a`!?$e)*QE'#+'`!?3*de'[$Q#+%[!%[a!Acf'd$#+%[j!$[!73*)(' !"*e'[$%`!"c'*f%$i%[`!>)#[$%!%[a!<'*c'4)Z$[%`!;b(*3#`!8')*4$%`!R)#)Z)`!:%X'a)[$%`!&3##$%!k,)*+V!;%3X%#3#l`!@'*f$%!%[a!?3*d'bj!$[!+V'!:$aaY'!7%#+! %[a!,)*+V!"W*$X%`!"Y4'*$%`!74b(+`!83YW!@+%+'#`! 9*%[`!9*%h`!9#*%'YQS%Y'#+$['`!E'f%[)[`!:)*)XX)`!@%3a$!"*%f$%`!@b*$%!%[a!B'e'[j!%[a!$[!E%+$[!"e'*$X%!%[a!+V'!;%*$ff'%[`!>)Y$Z$%`!;)Y)ef$%`!7X3%a)*`!83%+'e%Y%`!<%$+$!%[a!N'['c3'Y%6!

;*$#$#!8*)3(!*'X'$Z'#!W$[%[X$%Y!#3(()*+!W*)e!%!\$a'!*%[4'!)W!4)Z'*[e'[+#`!$[#+$+3+$)[%Y!W)3[a%+$)[#`!%[a!(*$Z%+'!#)3*X'#6!?V'!W)YY)\$[4!4)Z'*[e'[+%Y!a'(%*+e'[+#!%[a!%4'[X$'#!V%Z'!(*)Z$a'a!W3[a$[4!$[!*'X'[+!b'%*#D!"3#+*%Y$%[!"4'[Xb!W)*!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!K'Z'Y)(e'[+`!"3#+*%Y$%[!K'(%*+e'[+!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#!%[a!?*%a'`!"3#+*$%[!K'Z'Y)(e'[+!"4'[Xb`!>'Y4$%[!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!;%[%a$%[!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!K'Z'YQ)(e'[+!"4'[Xb`!;%[%a$%[!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!K'Z'Y)(e'[+!%[a!&'#'%*XV!;'[+*'`!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#!%[a!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!?*%a'!;%[%a%`!;c'XV!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!&)b%Y!K%[$#V!:$[$#+*b! )W! H)*'$4[! "WW%$*#`! K3+XV! :$[$#+*b! )W! H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!73*)('%[!;)ee$##$)[`!H$[[$#V!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!H*'[XV!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!8'*e%[!H'a'*%Y!H)*'$4[!CWW$X'`!9*$#V!"$a`!^%(%[!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!;))('*%+$)[!"4'[Xb`!S*$[X$(%Y$+b!)W!E$'XV+'[#+'$[`!E3_'ef)3*4!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!,'\!T'%Y%[a!"4'[Xb!W)*!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!K'Z'Y)(e'[+`!&)b%Y!,)*\'4$%[!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!@\'a$#V! 9[+'*[%+$)[%Y! K'Z'Y)(e'[+! "4'[Xb`! @\'a$#V!:$[$#+*b!W)*!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!@\$##!H'a'*%Y!K'(%*+e'[+!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!?3*d$#V!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!A[$+'a!"*%f!7e$*%+'#!:$[$#+*b!)W!H)*'$4[!"WW%$*#`!A[$+'a!R$[4a)e!K'(%*+e'[+!W)*!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!K'Z'Y)(e'[+`!A[$+'a!R$[4a)e!7X)[)e$X!%[a!@)X$%Y!&'#'%*XV!;)3[X$Y`!A6@6!"4'[Xb!W)*!9[+'*[%+$)[%Y!K'Z'Y)(e'[+6!!

?V'!W)YY)\$[4!$[#+$+3+$)[%Y!%[a!(*$Z%+'!W)3[a%+$)[#!V%Z'!(*)QZ$a'a!W3[a$[4!$[!*'X'[+!b'%*#D!;%*['4$'!;)*()*%+$)[!)W!,'\!B)*d`!?V'!;V%*$+%fY'!H)3[a%+$)[`!;Y$WW)*a!;V%[X'!H)3[a%Q+$)[`!;)[['X+!A6@6!H3[a`!?V'!7Ya'*#!H)3[a%+$)[`!P$YY$%e!v!HY)*%!<'\Y'++!H)3[a%+$)[`!<3e%[$+b!A[$+'a`!<3[+!"Y+'*[%Q+$Z'#!H3[a`!^'\$#V!P)*Ya!P%+XV`!R)*'%!H)3[a%+$)[`!^)V[!K6!v!;%+V'*$['!?6!:%X"*+V3*!H)3[a%+$)[`!C('[!@)X$'+b!9[#+$+3+'`!N$X+)*!S$[XV3d!H)3[a%+$)[`!SY)34V#V%*'#!H3[a`!&%aXY$WW'! H)3[a%+$)[`! @$4*$a! &%3#$[4! ?*3#+`! &)Xd'W'YY'*!>*)+V'*#!H3[a!%[a!N9N"!?*3#+6!

August 2010

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 19 August 2010 Page 31

!

APPENDIX C

CRISIS GROUP REPORTS AND BRIEFINGS ON ASIA SINCE 2007

Central Asia

Turkmenistan after Niyazov`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!

,-M5`!.2!H'f*3%*b!255]6!

Central Asia’s Energy Risks`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.00`!2=!:%b!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!

&3##$%[l6!

Uzbekistan: Stagnation and Uncertainty`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-M]`!22!"343#+!255]6!

Political Murder in Central Asia: No Time

to End Uzbekistan’s Isolation`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-]M`!.0!H'f*3%*b!255O6!

Kyrgyzstan: The Challenge of Judicial

Reform`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.G5`!.5!"(*$Y!

255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!&3##$%[l6

Kyrgyzstan: A Deceptive Calm`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-]/`!.=!"343#+!255O!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!&3##$%[l6!

Tajikistan: On the Road to Failure`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.M2`!.2!H'f*3%*b!255/6

Women and Radicalisation in Kyrgyzstan`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.]M`!0!@'(+'ef'*!255/6

Central Asia: Islamists in Prison !"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-/]`!.G!K'X'ef'*!255/6

Central Asia: Migrants and the Economic

Crisis`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.O0`!G!^%[3%*b!

25.56

Kyrgyzstan: A Hollow Regime Collapses !

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.52`!2]!"(*$Y!25.56

North East Asia

After the North Korean Nuclear Break-

through: Compliance or Confrontation?`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-M2`!05!"(*$Y!255]!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!R)*'%[!%[a!&3##$%[l6!

North Korea-Russia Relations: A Strained

Friendship`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-].`!=!

K'X'ef'*!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!

&3##$%[l6!

South Korea’s Election: What to Expect

from President Lee`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]0`!

2.!K'X'ef'*!255]6!

China’s Thirst for Oil`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.G0`!

/!^3['!255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!;V$['#'l6

South Korea’s Elections: A Shift to the

Right`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]]`!05!^3['!255O6

North Korea’s Missile Launch: The Risks

of Overreaction`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/.`!!

0.!:%*XV!255/6!

China’s Growing Role in UN Peace-

keeping`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.MM`!.]!"(*$Y!

255/!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!;V$['#'l6

North Korea’s Chemical and Biological

Weapons Programs`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.M]`!

.O!^3['!255/6

North Korea’s Nuclear and Missile Pro-

grams`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.MO`!.O!^3['!

255/6!

North Korea: Getting Back to Talks`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.M/`!.O!^3['!255/6!

China’s Myanmar Dilemma`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.]]`!.=!@'(+'ef'*!255/!k%Y#)!%Z%$YQ

%fY'!$[!;V$['#'l6!

Shades of Red: China’s Debate over North

Korea`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.]/`!2!,)Z'ef'*!

255/!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!;V$['#'l6

The Iran Nuclear Issue: The View from

Beijing`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.55`!.]!H'fQ

*3%*b!25.5!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!;V$['#'l6

North Korea under Tightening Sanctions !

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.5.`!.G!:%*XV!25.56!

South Asia

Afghanistan’s Endangered Compact`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-G/`!2/!^%[3%*b!255]6!

Nepal’s Constitutional Process !"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.2O`!2M!H'f*3%*b!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!

$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Pakistan: Karachi’s Madrasas and Violent

Extremism`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.05`!2/!

:%*XV!255]6!

Discord in Pakistan’s Northern Areas`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.0.`!2!"(*$Y!255]6!

Nepal’s Maoists: Purists or Pragmatists?`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.02`!.O!:%b!255]!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Sri Lanka’s Muslims: Caught in the Cross-

fire`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.0=`!2/!:%b!255]6!

Sri Lanka’s Human Rights Crisis`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.0G`!.=!^3['!255]6!

Nepal’s Troubled Tarai Region`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.0M`!/!^3Yb!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$YQ

%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Elections` Democracy and Stability in Paki-

stan`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.0]`!0.!^3Yb!255]6!

Reforming Afghanistan’s Police`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.0O`!05!"343#+!255]6!

Nepal’s Fragile Peace Process`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-MO`!2O!@'(+'ef'*!255]!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Pakistan: The Forgotten Conflict in

Balochistan`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-M/`!22!

CX+)f'*!255]6!

Sri Lanka: Sinhala Nationalism and the

Elusive Southern Consensus`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.=.`!]!,)Z'ef'*!255]6!

Winding Back Martial Law in Pakistan`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]5`!.2!,)Z'ef'*!255]6!

Nepal: Peace Postponed`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!

,-]2`!.O!K'X'ef'*!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!

$[!,'(%Y$l6!

After Bhutto’s Murder: A Way Forward for

Pakistan`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]=`!2!^%[3%*b!

255O`!

Afghanistan: The Need for International

Resolve`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.=G`!M!H'f*3%*b!

255O6!

Sri Lanka’s Return to War: Limiting the

Damage`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.=M`!25!

H'f*3%*b!255O6!

Nepal’s Election and Beyond`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.=/`!2!"(*$Y!255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!

,'(%Y$l6!

Restoring Democracy in Bangladesh`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.G.`!2O!"(*$Y!255O6!

Nepal’s Election: A Peaceful Revolution?`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.GG`!0!^3Yb!255O!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Nepal’s New Political Landscape`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.GM`!0!^3Yb!255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$YQ

%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Reforming Pakistan’s Police`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.G]`!.=!^3Yb!255O6!

Taliban Propaganda: Winning the War of

Words?`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.GO`!2=!^3Yb!

255O6!

Sri Lanka’s Eastern Province: Land`

Development` Conflict`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.G/`!.G!CX+)f'*!255O6!

Reforming the Judiciary in Pakistan`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.M5`!.M!CX+)f'*!255O6!

Bangladesh: Elections and Beyond`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-O=`!..!K'X'ef'*!255O6!

Policing in Afghanistan: Still Searching for

a Strategy`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-OG`!.O!

K'X'ef'*!255O6!

Nepal’s Faltering Peace Process`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.M0`!./!H'f*3%*b!255/!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Afghanistan: New U.S. Administration`

New Directions`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-O/`!!

.0!:%*XV!255/6!

Pakistan: The Militant Jihadi Challenge`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.M=`!.0!:%*XV!255/6!

Development Assistance and Conflict in Sri

Lanka: Lessons from the Eastern Prov-

ince`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.MG`!.M!"(*$Y!255/6!

Pakistan’s IDP Crisis: Challenges and

Opportunities`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/0`!0!

^3['!255/6!

Afghanistan’s Election Challenges`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.].`!2=!^3['!255/6!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 19 August 2010 Page 32

!

Sri Lanka’s Judiciary: Politicised Courts`

Compromised Rights`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.]2`!05!^3['!255/6!

Nepal’s Future: In Whose Hands?`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.]0`!.0!"343#+!255/!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!,'(%Y$l6!

Afghanistan: What Now for Refugees?`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.]G`!0.!"343#+!255/6!

Pakistan: Countering Militancy in FATA`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.]O`!2.!CX+)f'*!255/6!

Afghanistan: Elections and the Crisis of

Governance`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/M`!2G!

,)Z'ef'*!255/6!

Bangladesh: Getting Police Reform on

Track`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.O2`!..!K'X'ef'*!

255/6!

Sri Lanka: A Bitter Peace`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!

,-//`!..!^%[3%*b!!25.56!

Nepal: Peace and Justice`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.O=`!.=!^%[3%*b!25.56!

Reforming Pakistan’s Civil Service`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.OG`!.M!H'f*3%*b!25.56!

The Sri Lankan Tamil Diaspora after the

LTTE`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.OM`!20!H'f*3%*b!

25.56!

The Threat from Jamaat-ul Mujahideen

Bangladesh`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.O]`!.!

:%*XV!25.56!

A Force in Fragments: Reconstituting the

Afghan National Army`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-./5`!.2!:%b!25.56!

War Crimes in Sri Lanka` "#$%!&'()*+!

,-./.`!.]!:%b!25.56

Steps Towards Peace: Putting Kashmiris

First`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.5M`!0!^3['!25.56

South East Asia

Jihadism in Indonesia: Poso on the Edge`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.2]`!2=!^%[3%*b!255]!

k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!!

Southern Thailand: The Impact of the

Coup`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.2/`!.G!:%*XV!

255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?V%$l6!

Indonesia: How GAM Won in Aceh`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-M.`!22!:%*XV!255]6!

Indonesia: Jemaah Islamiyah’s Current

Status`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-M0`!0!:%b!255]6!

Indonesia: Decentralisation and Local

Power Struggles in Maluku`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-M=`!22!:%b!255]6!

Timor-Leste’s Parliamentary Elections`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-MG`!.2!^3['!255]6!

Indonesian Papua: A Local Perspective on

the Conflict`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-MM`!./!^3Yb!

255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!

Aceh: Post-Conflict Complications`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.0/`!=!CX+)f'*!255]!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!

Southern Thailand: The Problem with

Paramilitaries`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.=5`!20!

CX+)f'*!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?V%$l6!

“Deradicalisation” and Indonesian

Prisons`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.=2`!./!

,)Z'ef'*!255]!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!

9[a)['#$%[l6!

Timor-Leste: Security Sector Reform`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.=0`!.]!^%[3%*b!255O!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?'+3el6!

Indonesia: Tackling Radicalism in Poso`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]G`!22!^%[3%*b!255O6!

Burma/Myanmar: After the Crackdown`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.==`!0.!^%[3%*b!255O6!

Indonesia: Jemaah Islamiyah’s Publishing

Industry`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.=]`!2O!H'f*3Q

%*b!255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!

Timor-Leste’s Displacement Crisis`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.=O`!0.!:%*XV!255O6!

The Philippines: Counter-insurgency vs.

Counter-terrorism in Mindanao`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.G2`!.=!:%b!255O6!

Indonesia: Communal Tensions in Papua`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.G=`!.M!^3['!255O!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!

Indonesia: Implications of the Ahmadiyah

Decree`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-]O`!]!^3Yb!255O!

k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6

Thailand: Political Turmoil and the South-

ern Insurgency`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-O5`!2O!

"343#+!255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?V%$l6

Indonesia: Pre-election Anxieties in Aceh`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-O.`!/!@'(+'ef'*!255O!

k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!

Thailand: Calming the Political Turmoil`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-O2`!22!@'(+'ef'*!255O!

k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?V%$l6!

Burma/Myanmar After Nargis: Time to

Normalise Aid Relations`!"#$%!&'()*+!

,-.M.`!25!CX+)f'*!255O!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!

$[!;V$['#'l6!

The Philippines: The Collapse of Peace in

Mindanao`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-O0`!20!

CX+)f'*!255O6

Local Election Disputes in Indonesia: The

Case of North Maluku`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!

,-OM`!22!^%[3%*b!255/6!

Timor-Leste: No Time for Complacency`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-O]`!5/!H'f*3%*b!255/6

The Philippines: Running in Place in

Mindanao`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-OO`!.M!

H'f*3%*b!255/6!

Indonesia: Deep Distrust in Aceh as Elec-

tions Approach`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/5`!20!

:%*XV!255/6!

Indonesia: Radicalisation of the “Palem-

bang GroupL`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/2`!25!

:%b!255/6!

Recruiting Militants in Southern Thailand`!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.]5`!22!^3['!255/!k%Y#)!

%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?V%$l6!

Indonesia: The Hotel Bombings`!"#$%!

>*$'W$[4!,-/=`!2=!^3Yb!255/!k%Y#)!%Z%$YQ

%fY'!$[!9[a)['#$%[l6!

Myanmar: Towards the Elections`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.]=`!25!"343#+!255/6

Indonesia: Noordin Top’s Support Base`!

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/G`!2]!"343#+!255/6!

Handing Back Responsibility to Timor-

Leste’s Police`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.O5`!0!

K'X'ef'*!255/.

Southern Thailand: Moving towards Polit-

ical Solutions?`!"#$%!&'()*+!,-.O.`!O!

K'X'ef'*!255/!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!?V%$l6

The Philippines: After the Maguindanao

Massacre`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-/O`!2.!

K'X'ef'*!255/6!!

Radicalisation and Dialogue in Papua`!!

"#$%!&'()*+!,-.OO`!..!:%*XV!25.56!

Indonesia: Jihadi Surprise in Aceh`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-.O/`!25!"(*$Y!25.56!

Philippines: Pre-election Tensions in

Central Mindanao`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.50`!

=!:%b!25.56!

Timor-Leste: Oecusse and the Indonesian

Border`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.5=`!25!:%b!

25.56!

The Myanmar Elections`!"#$%!>*$'W$[4!

,-.5G`!2]!:%b!25.5!k%Y#)!%Z%$Y%fY'!$[!

;V$['#'l6!

Bridging Thailand’s Deep Divide`!"#$%!

&'()*+!,-./2`!G!^3Yb!25.56!

Indonesia: The Dark Side of Jama’ah

Ansharut Tauhid (JAT)` "#$%!>*$'W$[4!

,-.5]`!M!^3Yb!25.56!

Indonesia: The Deepening Impasse in Papua !

"#$%!>*$'W$[4!,-.5O`!0!"343#+!25.56

!

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 19 August 2010 Page 33

!

APPENDIX D

INTERNATIONAL CRISIS GROUP BOARD OF TRUSTEES

CO-CHAIRS

"#$%!&'($)*+#,(-$.!/0++-1!Former European Commissioner for External

Relations, Governor of Hong Kong and UK

Cabinet Minister; Chancellor of Oxford University

2(#30*!4!/)56-$)17!!Former U.S. Ambassador to the UN, Russia,

India, Israel, Jordan, El Salvador and Nigeria;

Vice Chairman of Hills & Company

PRESIDENT & CEO

"#8)*-!9$:#8$!Former UN High Commissioner for Human

Rights and Chief Prosecutor for the International

Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia

and Rwanda

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

;#$+#1!9:$03#<)+=!Former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State and

Ambassador to Turkey

'(-$>?!'0$#?8*!Former South African High Commissioner to

the UK and Secretary General of the ANC

;0$)0!")@01#*!'0++08)!Member of the Board, Petroplus Holdings,

Switzerland

A#)5()!B810:0*()!Editor in Chief, The Asahi Shimbun, Japan

B$016!C)8*+$0!President & CEO, Fiore Capital

C(0**01!D0?03E!Dean, Paris School of International Affairs,

Sciences Po

D+-,(-1!D#?0$=!Former U.S. Congressman

C-#$7-!D#$#*!Chairman, Open Society Institute

/F$!D+-1:F56!Former Foreign Minister of Finland

OTHER BOARD MEMBERS

9%101!9:8GH%-(!Former Political Adviser to King Abdullah II

and to King Hussein, and Jordan Permanent

Representative to the UN

I-11-+(!9%-?301!Former U.S. Ambassador and Director of the

Arms Control and Disarmament Agency

I#J)!91101!Former Secretary-General of the United Nations;

Nobel Peace Prize (2001)

K0(83!L0$1-0!Chief Columnist for Yedioth Ahronoth, Israel

D038-?!L-$7-$!Chair, Albright Stonebridge Group LLC; Former

U.S. National Security Advisor

M330!L#1)1#!Vice President of the Senate; Former Minister

of International Trade and European Affairs

of Italy and European Commissioner for

Humanitarian Aid

N-*?->!'?0$6!Former NATO Supreme Allied Commander,

Europe

D(-)?0!'#$#1-?!Toni Stabile, Professor of Practice in Investigative

Journalism; Director, Toni Stabile Center for Inves-

tigative Journalism, Columbia University, U.S.

O01!M7-?01%!Director, Norwegian Institute of International

Affairs; Former UN Under-Secretary-General for

Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief

Coordinator

;#(03-%!M?L0$0%-)!Director-General Emeritus, International Atomic

Energy Agency (IAEA); Nobel Peace Prize (2005)

PJJ-!M??-3011GO-1*-1!Former Foreign Minister of Denmark

C0$-+(!M@01*!President Emeritus of Crisis Group; Former

Foreign Affairs Minister of Australia

;0$6!M>*6-1*!Former Prime Minister of Belgium

O#*5(60!B)*5(-$!Former Foreign Minister of Germany

Q-<)!B#$+810!91<0$!Director for Program and Research, The Habibie

Center, Jakarta; Former Assistant Minister/State

Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Indonesia

O-01G;0$)-!C8E(-11#!Arnold Saltzman Professor of Professional

Practice in International and Public Affairs,

Columbia University; Former UN Under-

Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations

'0$?0!R)??*!Former U.S. Secretary of Housing and U.S.

Trade Representative

"-10!RS-?3GN0??E1!Former Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign

Affairs Minister of Sweden

D<01--!R81+!Former U.S. Ambassador to Austria;

Chair, Institute for Inclusive Security; President,

Hunt Alternatives Fund

;#!T:$0()3!Founder and Chair, Mo Ibrahim Foundation;

Founder, Celtel International

T7#$!T@01#@!Former Foreign Affairs Minister of the Russian

Federation

9*30!O0(017)$!UN Special Rapporteur on the Freedom of

Religion or Belief; Chairperson, Human Rights

Commission of Pakistan

N)3!I#6!Former Prime Minister of the Netherlands

4)50$%#!"07#*!Former President of Chile

O#011-!"--%#3G956-$301!Former International Secretary of International

PEN; Novelist and journalist, U.S.

"#$%!&;0$6.!;0??#5(GL$#<1!!Former Administrator of the United Nations

Development Programme (UNDP) and UN

Deputy Secretary-General

"0?)+!;01*)17(!Former Foreign Secretary of India, Ambassador

to the U.S. and High Commissioner to the UK

Jessica Tuchman Mathews!President, Carnegie Endowment for

International Peace, U.S.

L-1S03)1!;60,0!Former President of Tanzania

Moisés Naím!Senior Associate, International Economics

Program, Carnegie Endowment for International

Peace; former Editor in Chief, Foreign Policy

9>#!H:-!Legal Practitioner, Lagos, Nigeria

Güler Sabancı!Chairperson, Sabancı Holding, Turkey

O0@)-$!D#?010!Former EU High Representative for the Common

Foreign and Security Policy, NATO Secretary-

General and Foreign Affairs Minister of Spain

The Pogroms in Kyrgyzstan

Crisis Group Asia Report N°193, 19 August 2010 Page 34

!

PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL

Crisis Group’s President’s Council is a distinguished group of major individual and corporate donors providing

essential support, time and expertise to Crisis Group in delivering its core mission.

'01055#$%!9%03*!")3)+-%!

K-)?!U!D01%>!Q-B-#!

B0$-*!TV!B0$-*!

;0?0!C0#160$!

9?01!C$)JJ)+(*!

T0$0!"--!U!C-#$7-!C81%!TTT!B#81%0+)#1!!

B$016!R#?3-*!!

D+-@-!I)??-?-0!

C-#$7-!"01%-77-$!

B#$%!K)5(#?*#1!

D+0+#)?!9D9!

T01!2-?J-$!

K-)?!N##%>-$!

INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL

Crisis Group’s International Advisory Council comprises significant individual and corporate donors who contribute

their advice and experience to Crisis Group on a regular basis.

4)+0!MV!R08*-$!Co-Chair

M??)#++!I8?)56!Co-Chair

917?#!93-$)501!/"'!

9/'H!N#$?%<)%-!T15V!

M%!L05($05(!

D+01?->!L-$7301!U!M%<0$%!L-$7301!!

R0$$>!L##6->!U!/03-?0!L0**GL##6->!

O#(1!'(0,301!'(-*+-$!

'(-@$#1!

O#(1!M(0$0!

MW8)1#X!/0$+1-$*!

K--30+!B$-3!

D-+(!C)11*!

/08?!R#07!

O#*-,(!R#+817!

T1+-$10+)#10?!'#815)?!#J!D<-%)*(!T1%8*+$>!

RVOV!I-)?301!!

C-#$7-!I-??1-$!!

93-%!I(01!

Y-?3)$0!I#5(!

")W8)%1-+!

O-01!;010*!

;5I)1*->!U!'#3,01>!

K0S):!;)60+)!

R0$$)-+!;#85(?>GN-)**!

A@-*!H?+$030$-!

9110!"8)*0!/#1+)!U!C-#JJ$->!R#78-+!

;)5(0-?!4)#$%01!

D(-??!

L-?)1%0!D+$#105(!

20?)*301!M1-$7>!

2)??-6-!U!C)::)1*!

I-@)1!2#$8%07!

ZTZ92$8*+!

A0,!!;-$6-=)!'#1*+$85+)#1!01%!T1%8*+$>!T15V!

SENIOR ADVISERS

Crisis Group’s Senior Advisers are former Board Members who maintain an association with Crisis Group, and whose advice

and support are called on from time to time (to the extent consistent with any other office they may be holding at the time).

;0$++)!9(+)*00$)!Chairman Emeritus

C-#$7-!;)+5(-??!Chairman Emeritus

R4R!/$)15-!28$6)!0?GB0)*0?!

D(?#3#!L-1G93)!

R8*(017!91*0$>!

4)5(0$%!9$3)+07-!

M$*)1!9$!#!?8!

[*50$!9$)0*!

Q)-7#!9$$)0!

Y0)10:!L0178$0!

'($)*+#,(!L-$+$03!

9?01!L?)16-1!

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Y:)71)-<!L$=-=)1*6)!

I)3!'03,:-??!

O#$7-!'0*+0\-%0!

K0$-*(!'(01%$0!

M87-1-!'()-1!

O#0W8)3!9?:-$+#!'()**01#!

Z)5+#$!'(8!

;#17!O##1!'(817!

/0+!'#X!

C)01J$015#!Q-??]9?:0!

O05W8-*!Q-?#$*!

9?0)1!Q-*+-X(-!

;#8GD()(!Q)17!

C-$1#+!M$?-$!

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D+01?->!B)*5(-$!

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TVIV!C8S$0?!

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