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CHAPTER 2

Popular Frameworks and Methodologies

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Learning Elements2.1 Understand the various project

management frameworks available and which suit what environments.

2.2 Achieve a high-level understanding of PRINCE2®.

2.3 Achieve a high-level understanding of ISO 21500:2012.

2.4 Understand Agile and where Agile may be applied to manage projects.

2.5 Further develop your knowledge of PMBoK the PMBoK life cycle.

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Frameworks and Methodologies

Overview of:• PRINCE2®

• ISO 21500:2012• Agile• PMBoK (5th edition).

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PRINCE2®

• Initially developed by the UK Office of Government Commerce (now the Cabinet Office).

• The PRINCE2® methodology offers non-proprietary best practice guidance on project management.

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PRINCE2® – ComponentsPrinciples

• There are seven principles in PRINCE2®.

• All must be applied for the project to be PRINCE2®.

• They represent guiding obligations and good practice.

• Continued business justification

• Learn from experience

• Defined roles and responsibilities

• Manage by stages• Manage by

exception• Focus on products• Tailor accordingly

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PRINCE2® – Components (cont.)

Themes

• PRINCE2® encompasses seven themes.

• The themes describe aspects of project management that must continually be attended to throughout the life of the project.

• Business case• Organisation

• Quality• Plans• Risk

• Change• Progress

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PRINCE2® – Components (cont.)

Processes

• There are seven processes.

• They detail the steps to be taken throughout the life of a PRINCE2® project.

• Starting a project• Initiating a project• Directing a project• Managing a stage

boundary• Controlling a stage• Managing product

delivery• Closing a project

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PRINCE2® – Components (cont.)

Tailoring

• Tailoring the process to your company’s environment.

• Not omitting any steps or components.

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PRINCE2® – Processes

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ISO 21500:2012

• Can be described as guidance for project management.

• Provides a high-level description of the concepts and processes considered to form‘good practice’in project management.

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ISO 21500: 2012 OverviewInsert Figure 2.3

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ISO 21500: 2012 Life Cycle

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Agile

• Is related to the rolling wave planning and scheduling project methodology.

• Uses iterations (time boxes) to develop a workable product that satisfies the customer and other key stakeholders.

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Agile (cont.)

• Stakeholders and customers review progress and re-evaluate priorities to ensure alignment with customer needs and company goals.

• Adjustments are made and a different iterative cycle begins that subsumes the work of the previous iterations and adds new capabilities to the evolving product.

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Agile – Principles

Focus on customer valueFocus on customer value

Iterative and incremental deliveryIterative and incremental delivery

Experimentation and adaptationExperimentation and adaptation

Self-organisationSelf-organisation

Continuous improvementContinuous improvement

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Agile: Iterative, Incremental Product Development

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Agile and Project Uncertainty

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PMBoK (5th edition)

• PMI’s Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBoK) provides a generic life cycle approach.

• Can be applied to projects of all sizes and complexities, all industries and governments.

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PMBoK (5th edition) (cont.)

• Provides valuable body of knowledge around project management in general.

• Provides understanding of key tools and techniques applied in other methodologies and frameworks such as PRINCE2®, ISO21500:2012 and Agile.

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PMBoK – Life Cycle

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PMBoK – Sequential Approach

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PMBoK – Overlapping Approach

• Insert Figure 2.15

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PMBoK – Iterative Approach

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PMBoK – Knowledge Areas• Scope

• Time

• Cost

• Quality

• Human Resources

• Communications

• Risk

• Procurement

• Stakeholders

• Integration

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PMBoK – Governance and Gates

• Insert Figure 2.18

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PMBoK Process Interactions

Insert Figure Figure 2.17 Interactions between the PMBoK process groups

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Key Terms• Australian Institute of Project Management (AIPM)

• Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA)

• change management

• portfolio

• program

• project

• project life cycle

• project manager

• Project Management Institute (PMI)

• Vocational Education and Training (VET)