2 Welding Terminology

8/19/2019 2 Welding Terminology

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Copyright © 2003, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining

WELDED JOINTSTERMINOLOGY

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WTC 00 Co!rseWTC 00 Co!rse


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Denition

"!tt #oint"!tt #oint

T #ointT #oint

$oint% a connection here the $oint% a connection here theindivid!a'individ!a' components,components,

s!ita('e prepared, ares!ita('e prepared, are to (eto (e

#oined (y e'ding or (ra)ing* #oined (y e'ding or (ra)ing*


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Denition

"!tt e'd"!tt e'd

+i''et e'd+i''et e'd

We'd% a !nion o pieces made (yWe'd% a !nion o pieces made (ye'ding*e'ding*


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Ty!es of Joint

Corner #ointCorner #oint

Externa'Externa'

corner #ointcorner #ointInterna'Interna'

corner #ointcorner #oint-o!('e side-o!('e side

corner #ointcorner #oint


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Ty!es of Joint

Cr!ciorm #ointCr!ciorm #oint

Lap #ointLap #oint


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"eat#res of Welds"eat#res of Welds

"!tt e'd on p'ate"!tt e'd on p'ate

+ac+ac

ee

.oo.oo

tt

ToeToeToeToe

/1/1We'We'

dd

arentarent

meta'meta'


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+i''et e'd on p'ate+i''et e'd on p'ate

+ac+ac

ee

.oo.oo

tt//

11

We'We'

dd

arentarentmeta'meta'

ToeToe




Shape o ''et e'ds%Shape o ''et e'ds%

Convex ''etConvex ''et

Concave ''etConcave ''et

4itre ''et4itre ''et




Excess e'd meta'%Excess e'd meta'% e'd meta' 'yinge'd meta' 'yingo!tsideo!tside the p'anethe p'ane

#oining the #oining the toes*toes*

"!tt e'd"!tt e'd +i''et e'd+i''et e'd

*5*a* e'd reinorcement, over'',*5*a* e'd reinorcement, over'',

cron*cron*



Weld $re!arationsWeld $re!arations

Inc'!ded ang'eInc'!ded ang'e

"eve'"eve'

ang'eang'e

.oot.oot

aceace

6ap6ap



Weld $re!arationsWeld $re!arations

Inc'!ded ang'eInc'!ded ang'e

"eve'"eve'

ang'eang'e

.oot.oot

aceace

6ap6ap

.oot.ootradi!sradi!s

LandLand



Si%e of WeldsSi%e of Welds

"!tt e'ds"!tt e'ds

tt

tt22

tt22tt

tt

tt7 design throat7 design throat

thic5nessthic5ness

tt227act!a' throat7act!a' throat

thic5nessthic5ness




"!tt e'ds"!tt e'ds

tt

tt

t8t8

tt22

tt22

t8t8

22

tt, t8, t87 design throat7 design throatthic5nessthic5ness

tt22, t8, t8227act!a' throat7act!a' throat

thic5nessthic5ness



Si%e of Welds

+i''et e'ds+i''et e'ds

'eg si)e'eg si)e

throat si)ethroat si)e

'eg'eg

'eg'eg

throatthroat



Si%e of Welds

'eg si)e 7 *9 x throat'eg si)e 7 *9 x throat

si)esi)e

-oes :;T app'y or concave-oes :;T app'y or concave''ets<

designdesignthroatthroat

act!a'act!a'

throatthroat

design throatdesign throat7 act!a'7 act!a'

throatthroat




symmetrica' ''et e'dssymmetrica' ''et e'ds

throathroatt

'eg'eg

'eg'eg




-eep penetration ''et e'ds-eep penetration ''et e'ds

theoretitheoreti

c throatc throat

rea'rea'

throathroatt

•increased resistance d!e toincreased resistance d!e to

increased throatincreased throat

•the amo!nt o depositedthe amo!nt o deposited

e'd meta' re=!ired ise'd meta' re=!ired is

red!cedred!ced

•aster trave' speedaster trave' speed

•need higher c!rrent andneed higher c!rrent and

'arger e'ectrode si)es'arger e'ectrode si)es

•can (e e'ded on'y (y SWcan (e e'ded on'y (y SW

or spray transer 4I6>46or spray transer 4I6>46•pro('ems in ens!ringpro('ems in ens!ring

consistent depth oconsistent depth o

penetrationpenetration

•possi('e so'idicationpossi('e so'idication

crac5ing pro('emscrac5ing pro('ems

T f W ldT f W ld



Ty!e of Weld&Ty!e of Weld&

inter!retationinter!retation

30?30?

3@?3@?

3@?3@?

A0?A0?

Corner #ointCorner #oint

'imits'imits"!tt #oint 'imits"!tt #oint 'imits

T f W ldT f W ld



Ty!e of Weld&Ty!e of Weld&

inter!retationinter!retation

T #ointT #oint

'imits'imitsLap #ointLap #oint

'imits'imits

@?@?@?@?

B0?B0?



La! Joint La! Joint

;ver'ap 'imits or 'ap;ver'ap 'imits or 'ap #oints% #oints%

tt

--

- 7 9 x t- 7 9 x t (!t not 'ess than 2@(!t not 'ess than 2@mm


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Slot Weld Slot Weld

ttdd

d 3td 3t

(!t d 7 minim!m 2@(!t d 7 minim!m 2@

mm


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$l#g Weld $l#g Weld

I t D 0 mm, d 7 t*I t D 0 mm, d 7 t*

I t 0 mm, s'otI t 0 mm, s'ot

techni=!e sho!'d (e !sed,techni=!e sho!'d (e !sed,

in circ!'ar ho'es d 7 3tin circ!'ar ho'es d 7 3t

(!t minim!m 2@ mm F see(!t minim!m 2@ mm F see

"S @3@G*"S @3@G*

/o'es can (e circ!'ar or/o'es can (e circ!'ar or

ova'ova'

ttdd


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$l#g Weld $l#g Weld

•+or p'!g e'ds, d t H A mm (!t dD 2*2@t*+or p'!g e'ds, d t H A mm (!t dD 2*2@t*

•+or s'ot e'ds, s'ot idth d t H A mm (!t dD+or s'ot e'ds, s'ot idth d t H A mm (!t dD

2*2@t*2*2@t*

•S'ot 'ength ' D 0t*S'ot 'ength ' D 0t*

•End radi!s r t*End radi!s r t*

•Spacing (eteen s'ots p 9d*Spacing (eteen s'ots p 9d*

WS -** Str!ct!ra' We'ding CodeWS -** Str!ct!ra' We'ding Code

re=!irements or s'ot and p'!g e'ds%re=!irements or s'ot and p'!g e'ds%

$ractical design$ractical design


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li'itationsli'itationsEect o to'erances mismatchGEect o to'erances mismatchG

Correct tCorrect t

tt

"ad t F in order to"ad t F in order to

achieve same strengthachieve same strength t8t8 tt

tt

88

''oa('e gap (eteen items acc* "S E: 2@AJ is%''oa('e gap (eteen items acc* "S E: 2@AJ is%

• H 0*3 x t maxim!m 9 mmG or moderate =!a'ity H 0*3 x t maxim!m 9 mmG or moderate =!a'ity

•0*@ H 0*2 x t maxim!m 3 mmG or intermediate0*@ H 0*2 x t maxim!m 3 mmG or intermediate

=!a'ity=!a'ity

•0*@ H 0* x t maxim!m 2 mmG or stringent =!a'ity0*@ H 0* x t maxim!m 2 mmG or stringent =!a'ity



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li'itationsli'itationsEect o corner proximityEect o corner proximity

see a'so "S E: 0F2 nnexsee a'so "S E: 0F2 nnex

"*3G"*3G

Corner is me'tCorner is me't

aay F 'oss oaay F 'oss o

e'd si)e


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li'itationsli'itations

Cope ho'e design see a'so "S E: 0F2Cope ho'e design see a'so "S E: 0F2nnex "*9Gnnex "*9G

Cope ho'eCope ho'e

recommendedrecommended

GG

Straight c!tStraight c!t

notnot

recommendedGrecommendedG

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2 Welding Terminology