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WHO Global HealthExpenditure AtlasSeptember 2014
WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
WHO global health expenditure atlas.
1.Health expenditures – statistics and numerical data. 2.Health systems plans. 3.Universal coverage. 4.National health programs. 5.Atlases. I.World Health Organization.
ISBN 978 92 4 150444 7 (NLM classification: W 74)
© World Health Organization 2014All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO web site (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO web site (http://www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html).
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.
All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use.
Printed in Switzerland
Expenditure AtlasWHO Global Health
Contents
Foreword 1
Factsheet 2
Policy highlights 3
Health expenditures and universal coverage 7
Country profile by region 2010
WHO African Region 11 WHO Region of the Americas 58 WHO South-East Asia Region 94 WHO European Region 106 WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region 160 WHO Western Pacific Region 182
World Health Statistics 2012 tables 210
Technical documentation 221
1WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
2 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Factsheet
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Health financing March 2014
Key facts1
100 million people are pushed into poverty every year because they have to pay directly for their health care.
WHO recommends moving away from direct, out-of-pocket payments to using prepaid mechanisms to raise funds for health.
In 2011, US$ 6.9 trillion was spent on health. Typically between 20–40% of health spending is wasted.
A minimum of US$ 44 is needed per person per year to provide basic, life-saving health services: 26 WHO Member States spend less than this in 20112
--------Health financing is concerned with how financial resources are generated, allocated and used in health systems. Millions of people suffer and die because they do not have the money to pay for health care. Others suffer because they do pay: every year, 100 million people are pushed into poverty because they have had to pay directly for their health care.
WHO Member States have set themselves the target of developing their health financing systems to ensure and sustain universal health coverage. Universal coverage means that all people can use health services, while being protected against financial hardship associated with paying for them.
Issues in health financing include: raising sufficient funds for health protecting people from the financial consequences of ill health making optimum use of resources ensuring that health coverage is equitable.
Raising funds for health3
Raising sufficient funds for health can be achieved in several ways.
1. Making health a higher priority in government budgets If 49 of the world’s poorest countries allocated 15% of their government spending
to health, this would represent an additional US$ 15 billion per year for health.2. Making revenue collection more efficient In Indonesia for example, clear and consistent regulations and a policy of zero-
tolerance for corruption increased tax yield from 9.9% to 11% over four years; health spending benefited more than other sectors.
1 All the figures in the factsheet refer to 2011.2 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Somalia and Zimbabwe are excluded because of weak or no data.3 This section is written from http://www.who.int/whr/2010/media_centre/keymessages.pdf and http://www.
who.int/features/factfiles/health_financing/en/index.html
3WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
3. Diversifying sources of revenue A 50% increase in tobacco tax would yield an additional US$ 1.42 billion in 22
low-income countries, for example. A currency transaction levy is also feasible in many countries – India, for example, could raise $US 370 million per year by implementing a 0.005% levy on foreign exchange transactions.
4. Increasing external support If all donor countries were to immediately honor their overseas development
assistance pledges, more than three million lives would be saved by 2015.
Protecting people from the financial consequences of ill healthWHO recommends moving away from direct, out-of-pocket payments to using prepaid mechanisms to raise funds. In this way, people make compulsory contributions – through taxation and/or insurance contributions – to a pool of funds. They can then draw on these funds in case of illness, regardless of how much they have contributed. This approach helps to ensure access to health services and spread the financial risks across the population.
Spending on healthGlobally, US$ 6.9 trillion was spent on health in 2011. There is wide variation between countries in the total spending on health per person per year, ranging from US$ 9908 in Norway to US$ 12 in Eritrea (see Table).
WHO estimates that a minimum of US$ 44 is needed per person per year to provide basic, life-saving health services: 26 WHO Member States spend less than this (see Table).
Factsheet
4 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Factsheet
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Table: Health expenditure data4 (2011)5 6
The total spending on health per person for 2011 is positively correlated to the wealth of a country. The higher the country’s gross domestic product, the higher the health expenditure (see Graph 1). There is also a positive correlation between the total health expenditure and health outcomes such as life expectancy (see Graph 2).
4 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Somalia, Zimbabwe and Tuvalu (OOPs only), Kiribati (OOPs only) are excluded because of weak or no data.
5 For more data and indicators on health expenditure, please visit the Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx.
6 Source: Constraints to scaling up the health Millennium Development Goals: costing and financial gap analysis (http://www.who.int/choice/publications/d_ScalingUp_MDGs_WHO_finalreport.pdf)
Note that recent yearly increases in US$ expenditure levels partially result from recent variations in US$ exchange rates.
Total expenditure for health for 2011: US$ 6.9 trillion
Average Total expenditure for health per person per year: US$ 1008
Country with highest total spending on health per person: Norway (US$ 9908)
Country with lowest total spending per person on health: Eritrea (US$ 12)
Country with highest government spending per person on: Norway (US$ 8436)
Country with lowest government spending per person on: Myanmar (US$ 3)
Country with highest annual out-of-pocket household spending on health: Switzerland (US$ 2384)
Country with lowest annual out-of-pocket household spending on health: Mozambique (US$ 1.64)
Average amount spent per person on health in countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD):
US$ 4584
Percentage of the world’s population living in OECD countries: 18%
Percentage of the world’s total health expenditure on health currently spent in OECD countries:
82%
WHO estimate of minimum spending per person per year needed to provide basic, life-saving services1:
US$ 44
Number of WHO Member States where health spending – including spending by government, households and the private sector and funds provided by external donors – is lower than US$ 44 per person per year:
26
Number of WHO Member States where health spending is lower than US$ 20 per person per year:
6
Percentage of funds spent on health in the WHO African Region that has been provided by donors:
9.4%
5WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Factsheet
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Graph 1: The relationship between wealth and health expenditure (2011)
Graph 2: The relationship between health expenditure and life expectancy (2011)
Making optimum use of resourcesSpending money more efficiently and equitably will increase health coverage, increase financial protection and improve health outcomes. Typically between 20–40% of health spending is wasted, depriving many people of badly needed care.
Source: Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED)
Source: Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED)
6 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Factsheet
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Overpaying is one form of waste. For example, in some places medicine prices are up to 67 times the international average price, leading to less money being available for other health services.
Better use of medicines could save countries up to 5% of their health expenditure. France’s strategy of using generic medicines instead of brand name ones, for example, led to savings equivalent to US$ 1.94 billion in 2008.
Half to two-thirds of total government spending on health is used for hospital care. Globally, almost US$ 300 billion is lost annually to hospital-related inefficiencies. By being more efficient, hospitals could achieve 15% more than they do now without spending any more.
WHO responseWHO supports countries seeking to strengthen their health financing systems. It works with countries to devise ways of raising more funds for health equitably, to use the available funds efficiently and equitably, and to monitor the use of funds. It works with the international community to try to raise more, and more predictable funds for health.
WHO’s work is guided by a 2005 World Health Assembly resolution that urges countries to develop health financing systems that allow all people access to needed services while avoiding catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment. This work consists of technical and policy support to countries, the provision and sharing of information, data and country experiences, capacity building and partnership.
Related linksGlobal Health Expenditure Database [link to http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx]Health system financing: country profiles [link to http://apps.who.int/nha/database/StandardReport.aspx?ID=REPORT_COUNTRY_PROFILE ]Health financing [link to http://www.who.int/topics/health_economics/en/ ]
7WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Policy highlights
WHO/HA Policy Highlight No.1/March 2014 (based on 2011 data)
Do health expenditures meet health needs? In 2011, the world spent a total of US$ 6.9 trillion on health at exchange rates or I$ 7.2 trillion (International dollars taking into account the purchasing power of different national currencies). The geographical distribution of financial resources for health is uneven. There is a 20/80 syndrome in which 34 OECD countries make up less than 20% of the world’s population but spend over 80% of the world’s resources on health.
OECD countries spend a larger share of their GDP on health (12.33%), as compared to 6.15% in the African (AFR) and 3.64% in South East Asian (SEAR) regions of WHO. This translates to per capita spending of I$4306 (US$ 4584) in OECD countries compared to I$142 (US$ 68) in SEAR region. Linking this to epidemiology, the figure shows that though the poorer WHO regions like AFR and SEAR account for the largest share of the global burden of disease (over 50% of global disability-adjusted life years lost) and only 38% of the world’s population, they spend 3% of global health resources. The Western Pacific (WPR) region without the four OECD Member States, Australia, Japan, New Zealand, and Republic of Korea, accounts for 23.5% of the world’s population (dominated by China), about 16% of the global burden of disease but only 6% of the world’s health resources. The region of the Americas (AMR) and Europe (EUR), excluding the OECD countries, account for about 11.5% of the world’s population, 11% of the global burden of disease and spend only 7.49% of health resources.
Richer countries with smaller populations and lower disease burden use more health resources than poorer countries with larger populations and higher disease burden. This highlights the absolute need for additional resources for many poor countries and raises questions of efficiency in health spending in richer countries.
Percentage distribution of Population, DALYs, and Total health expenditure by WHO regions and OECD, 2011 data
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) are from 2004
WHO regions exclude OECD countriesSource: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en/
8 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Policy highlights
WHO/HA Policy Highlight No.2/ March 2014 (based on 2011 data)
Heavy reliance on out of pocket expenditures leads to financial barriers for poor.The target for the first goal of the Millennium Declaration is to halve (between 1990 and 2015) the proportion of people with incomes less than one dollar a day. Out of pocket payments lead to financial barriers to access for the poor and for households purchasing medical goods and services result in fall below the poverty line (impoverishment) or suffer severe financial difficulties (i.e. they incur catastrophic expenditures). Household surveys have shown that on average, 100 million individuals are impoverished, and another 150 million individuals face severe financial difficulties during any given year because of these direct health expenditures.
In 2011, the world spent US$6.9 trillion or I$7.2 trillion (international dollars adjusting for differences in purchasing power between national currencies) on health. Low income countries with annual per capita incomes of less than US$1,025 relied most heavily on out of pocket payments to finance health care. In these countries, the share of out-of-pocket payments in total health expenditures measured in US$ terms was 48% compared to only 14% in countries with incomes higher than US$12,476 per capita. Health expenses in most high income countries are raised largely through pre-payment mechanisms such as taxes or health insurance premiums, with potential for cross subsidizing and protecting households from financial catastrophe. These funds are channelled through private insurance, social security and government agencies who purchase or provide health services (see figure below).
Components of health expenditure measured in US$
World Bank country classification by according to 2011 GNI/capita:High income: US$12,476 or more; Upper middle income: US$4,036 - $12,475;
Low middle income: US$1,026 - US$4,035; Low income: US$1,025 or lessSource: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en/
9WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Policy highlights
HO/HA Policy Highlight No.3/ March 2014 (based on 2011 data)
External AID for health remains insufficient in low income countries It has long been recognized that many countries lack sufficient funds to ensure universal access to critical health interventions and services. In response, the international community has increased their financial support to low and low-middle income countries, particularly related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Have these funds helped increase overall expenditures on health in poor countries? Are they sufficient?
Trends between 2001-2005 show significant increases in total expenditures on health in the group of low-income countries1. Taken as a group, these countries spent $11 (in 2005 US$) per capita health in 2001, a figure that includes contributions from external sources such as bilateral and multilateral partners and foundations. This had increased to $15 in 2005, and $21 in 2011. This represents an increase of 85% over the period.
At the same time, financial contributions from outside these countries for health also increased. External aid per capita received by the low-income countries have increased from US$ 1.8 (2005 constant) in 2001 to $6.1 in 2011, which is an increase of 25% per year. The relative contribution of these external resources to total expenditure on health has increased from 15.3% in 2001 to 29.4% in 2011 during the period concerned however remains relatively low. In individual countries, however, the contributions can be considerably higher, rising as high as 80% of total health expenditures.
The 2001 Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health estimated that a minimum set of essential preventive and curative interventions, focusing largely on communicable diseases, would cost approximately $34 per person. Despite the increase in aid, per capita expenditure on health across the group of low-income countries in 2011 was only $21, of which only $6.1 was financed through external aid.
External Resources per capita by year (US$ 2005 prices), excluding Somalia, South Sudan and Zimbabwe
1 World Bank country classification by income level per capita GNI(2011) of less than US $1,025 for low-income countries. Source: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en
Source: WHO Health Accounts, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en
10 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Policy highlights
WHO/HA Policy Highlight No. 4/ March 2014 (based on 2011 data)
Wealth, health and health expenditure
Income level Average* Gross Domestic Product(Per capita US$)
Average* Total Health Expenditure
(Per capita US$)
High 38,192 4,583
Upper middle 6,821 408
Lower middle 1,900 82
Low 603 30
World 10,065 1,008
The level of a nation’s wealth, as measured by its gross domestic product, is linked very closely to what it spends on health. The larger the per capita income, the larger the expenditure is on health. Some countries, however, spend appreciably more than would be expected by their income levels, and some appreciably less. There is no “recommended” level of spending on health. But the graph below shows that increasing health expenditures are associated with better health outcomes especially for low income countries.
11WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Republic of Cabo Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
Democratic Republic of Congo
Congo
Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Sao Tome and Principe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
United Republic of Tanzania
Zambia
Zimbabwe
WHO African Region
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
12 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Algeria, 2012
Algeria spentDomestic funding
11 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $279 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Algeria: • Algeria:
$5,310/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Algeria: 120 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$34
$191
$227
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Algeria
Seychelles
Angola
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Gabon
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
Algeria
Namibia
South Africa
Seychelles
Mauritius
Botswana
Gabon
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
Algeria
Namibia
Seychelles
South Africa
Botswana
Mauritius
Angola
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%84%15%
WHO African countries
13WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Angola, 2012
Angola spentDomestic funding
4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $190 per capita Spending by households
- 27% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Angola: • Angola:
$5,482/capita 52 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Angola: 610 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((39%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$41
$95
$153
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Angola
Algeria
Seychelles
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Gabon
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
Angola
Namibia
South Africa
Seychelles
Mauritius
Algeria
Botswana
Gabon
0% 2% 4% 6%
Angola
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
South Africa
Botswana
Mauritius
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
11%62%27%
14 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Benin, 2012
Benin spentDomestic funding
332 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $33 per capita Spending by households
- 44% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Benin: • Benin:
$737/capita 57 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Benin: 410 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((22%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$14
$16
$31
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
32%68%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Benin
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberia
Democratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Benin
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNiger
United Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Benin
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascar
MaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%51%44%
WHO African countries
15WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Botswana, 2012
Botswana spentDomestic funding
770 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $384 per capita Spending by households
- 6% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Botswana: • Botswana:
$7,238/capita 61 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Botswana: 190 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$22
$227
$402
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
16%84%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Botswana
Algeria
Seychelles
Angola
Namibia
South Africa
Gabon
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Seychelles
Mauritius
Algeria
Gabon
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
Botswana
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
South Africa
Mauritius
Angola
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
38%56%6%
16 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Burkina Faso, 2012
Burkina Faso spentDomestic funding
622 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $38 per capita Spending by households
- 36% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Burkina Faso: • Burkina Faso:
$612/capita 52 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Burkina Faso: 560 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$14
$21
$38
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
31%69%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Burkina Faso
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogo
NigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Burkina Faso
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra Leone
GambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Burkina Faso
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogo
GambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%54%36%
WHO African countries
17WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Burundi, 2012
Burundi spentDomestic funding
197 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $20 per capita Spending by households
- 28% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Burundi: • Burundi:
$246/capita 50 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Burundi: 970 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$5
$11
$18
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
46%54%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
BurundiMalawi
EritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Burundi
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogo
Democratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Burundi
MalawiRwanda
LiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
12%59%28%
18 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cabo Verde Republic of, 2012
Cabo Verde Republic of spent Domestic funding
71 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $144 per capita Spending by households
- 21% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Cabo Verde Republic of:
• Cabo Verde Republic of:
$3,700/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Cabo Verde Republic of: 94 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$29
$107
$138
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
28%72%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Cabo Verde Republic of
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Cabo Verde Republic of
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Cabo Verde Republic of
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%77%21%
WHO African countries
19WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cameroon, 2012
Cameroon spentDomestic funding
1.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $59 per capita Spending by households
- 63% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Cameroon: • Cameroon:
$1,151/capita 51 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Cameroon: 600 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$36
$19
$58
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
9%91%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Cameroon
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Cameroon
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Cameroon
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%34%63%
20 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Central African Republic, 2012
Central African Republic spent Domestic funding
80 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $18 per capita Spending by households
- 46% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Central African Republic:
• Central African Republic:
$473/capita 48 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Central African Republic: 850 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$8$9
$18
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
29%71%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Central African Republic
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopia
Zimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Central African Republic
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambia
EthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Central African Republic
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUganda
EthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%50%46%
WHO African countries
21WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Chad, 2012
Chad spentDomestic funding
388 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $31 per capita Spending by households
- 53% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Chad: • Chad:
$885/capita 48 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Chad: 1,200 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$14$12
$26
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
12%88%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Chad
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwanda
United Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Chad
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuinea
KenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Chad
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuinea
Guinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%45%53%
22 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Comoros, 2012
Comoros spentDomestic funding
27 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $38 per capita Spending by households
- 44% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Comoros: • Comoros:
$831/capita 60 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Comoros: 340 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((26%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$16
$20
$36
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
27%73%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Comoros
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuinea
LiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Comoros
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUganda
MozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Comoros
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of Tanzania
Sierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
56%44%
WHO African countries
23WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Congo, 2012
Congo spentDomestic funding
433 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $100 per capita Spending by households
- 25% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Congo: • Congo:
$3,154/capita 55 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Congo: 580 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((36%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$24
$69
$94
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
8%92%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Congo
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Congo
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Congo
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%74%25%
24 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Côte d'Ivoire, 2012
Côte d'Ivoire spentDomestic funding
1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $88 per capita Spending by households
- 56% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Côte d'Ivoire: • Côte d'Ivoire:
$1,244/capita 50 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Côte d'Ivoire: 470 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$48
$23
$85
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
9%91%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Côte d'Ivoire
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Côte d'Ivoire
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Côte d'Ivoire
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
17%27%56%
WHO African countries
25WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2012
Democratic Republic of the Congo spent Domestic funding
998 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $15 per capita Spending by households
- 32% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Democratic Republic of the Congo:
• Democratic Republic of the Congo:
$272/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Democratic Republic of the Congo: 670 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((22%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$4$7
$13
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
50%50%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Democratic Republic of the Congo
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBenin
Sierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Democratic Republic of the Congo
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundi
MadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Democratic Republic of the Congo
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambia
NigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
16%51%32%
26 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Equatorial Guinea, 2012
Equatorial Guinea spent Domestic funding
838 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,138 per capita Spending by households
- 44% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Equatorial Guinea: • Equatorial Guinea:
$24,036/capita 53 years 2012 average of hi AFR income countries
• AFR hi income countries:$24,036/capita
• AFR hi income countries: 53 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Equatorial Guinea: 280 per
100,000 live births
• AFR hi income countries:280 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1995 2000 2005 2010
$495
$618
$1,138
$369
$460
$848
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Equatorial Guinea
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Equatorial Guinea
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%
Equatorial Guinea
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%54%44%
WHO African countries
27WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Eritrea, 2012
Eritrea spentDomestic funding
90 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $15 per capita Spending by households
- 53% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Eritrea: • Eritrea:
$564/capita 66 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Eritrea: 280 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$6$6
$12
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
25%75%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Eritrea
MalawiBurundi
MozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Eritrea
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenya
Zimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Eritrea
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-Bissau
Zimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
47%53%
28 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ethiopia, 2012
Ethiopia spentDomestic funding
1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $18 per capita Spending by households
- 41% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Ethiopia: • Ethiopia:
$458/capita 54 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Ethiopia: 470 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$5$6
$13
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
50%50%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Ethiopia
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-Bissau
Central African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Ethiopia
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African Republic
NigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Ethiopia
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African Republic
KenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%48%41%
WHO African countries
29WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Gabon, 2012
Gabon spentDomestic funding
648 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $397 per capita Spending by households
- 41% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Gabon: • Gabon:
$11,431/capita 62 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Gabon: 260 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((25%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$145$180
$351
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Gabon
Algeria
Seychelles
Angola
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
Gabon
Namibia
South Africa
Seychelles
Mauritius
Algeria
Botswana
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
Gabon
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
South Africa
Botswana
Mauritius
Angola
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%51%41%
30 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Gambia, 2012
Gambia spentDomestic funding
46 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $26 per capita Spending by households
- 16% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Gambia: • Gambia:
$512/capita 60 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Gambia: 400 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$4
$18
$27
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
49%51%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Gambia
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenya
TogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Gambia
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina Faso
Central African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Gambia
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina Faso
Democratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
18%66%16%
WHO African countries
31WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ghana, 2012
Ghana spentDomestic funding
2.1 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $83 per capita Spending by households
- 29% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Ghana: • Ghana:
$1,605/capita 60 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Ghana: 350 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((30%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$23
$47
$81
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
11%89%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Ghana
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Ghana
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Ghana
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
14%57%29%
32 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guinea, 2012
Guinea spentDomestic funding
367 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $32 per capita Spending by households
- 67% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Guinea: • Guinea:
$508/capita 52 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Guinea: 680 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((26%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$19
$8
$28
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
10%90%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Guinea
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of Tanzania
ComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Guinea
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-Bissau
ChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Guinea
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenya
ChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%28%67%
WHO African countries
33WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guinea-Bissau, 2012
Guinea-Bissau spentDomestic funding
50 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $30 per capita Spending by households
- 43% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Guinea-Bissau: • Guinea-Bissau:
$507/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Guinea-Bissau: 1,000 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$12
$7
$29
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
34%66%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Guinea-Bissau
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMali
EthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Guinea-Bissau
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambique
GuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Guinea-Bissau
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChad
EritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
34%23%43%
34 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kenya, 2012
Kenya spentDomestic funding
1.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $45 per capita Spending by households
- 48% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Kenya: • Kenya:
$940/capita 60 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Kenya: 530 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((31%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$18
$15
$39
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
42%58%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Kenya
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambique
GambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Kenya
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChad
EritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Kenya
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopia
GuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
14%38%48%
WHO African countries
35WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lesotho, 2012
Lesotho spentDomestic funding
283 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $138 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Lesotho: • Lesotho:
$1,193/capita 48 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Lesotho: 530 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((63%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$20
$105
$134
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
30%70%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%79%15%
36 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Liberia, 2012
Liberia spentDomestic funding
274 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $65 per capita Spending by households
- 21% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Liberia: • Liberia:
$422/capita 56 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Liberia: 990 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((24%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$12
$17
$58
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
35%65%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Liberia
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComoros
BeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
LiberiaRwanda
MalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Liberia
MalawiRwandaBurundi
TogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
49%30%21%
WHO African countries
37WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Madagascar, 2012
Madagascar spentDomestic funding
406 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $18 per capita Spending by households
- 31% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Madagascar: • Madagascar:
$443/capita 65 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Madagascar: 440 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$5
$10
$17
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
21%79%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Madagascar
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra Leone
UgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Madagascar
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the Congo
MaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Madagascar
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra Leone
BeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%61%31%
38 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malawi, 2012
Malawi spentDomestic funding
390 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $25 per capita Spending by households
- 13% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Malawi: • Malawi:
$268/capita 47 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Malawi: 510 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((39%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$4
$25
$33
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
54%46%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Malawi
RwandaLiberia
TogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
11%77%13%
WHO African countries
39WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mali, 2012
Mali spentDomestic funding
626 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $42 per capita Spending by households
- 61% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Mali: • Mali:
$724/capita 53 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Mali: 830 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((18%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$24
$15
$39
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
31%69%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Mali
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUganda
Guinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Mali
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascar
Sierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Mali
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBenin
UgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%39%61%
40 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mauritania, 2012
Mauritania spentDomestic funding
196 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $52 per capita Spending by households
- 34% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Mauritania: • Mauritania:
$809/capita 58 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Mauritania: 550 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$17
$32
$51
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
8%92%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Mauritania
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Mauritania
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Mauritania
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%64%34%
WHO African countries
41WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mauritius, 2012
Mauritius spentDomestic funding
551 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $444 per capita Spending by households
- 47% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Mauritius: • Mauritius:
$9,238/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Mauritius: 36 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$189$198
$404
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Mauritius
Algeria
Seychelles
Angola
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Gabon
0% 5% 10% 15%
Mauritius
Namibia
South Africa
Seychelles
Algeria
Botswana
Gabon
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
Mauritius
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
South Africa
Botswana
Angola
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%49%47%
42 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mozambique, 2012
Mozambique spentDomestic funding
937 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $37 per capita Spending by households
- 5% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Mozambique: • Mozambique:
$579/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Mozambique: 550 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((32%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$1
$12
$27
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
56%44%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Mozambique
MalawiBurundiEritrea
KenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Mozambique
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComoros
Guinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Mozambique
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNiger
United Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
51%44%5%
WHO African countries
43WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Namibia, 2012
Namibia spentDomestic funding
1.1 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $473 per capita Spending by households
- 7% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Namibia: • Namibia:
$5,668/capita 57 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Namibia: 180 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$30
$274
$445
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
8%92%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
Angola
Botswana
South Africa
Gabon
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
Namibia
South Africa
Seychelles
Mauritius
Algeria
Botswana
Gabon
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
South Africa
Botswana
Mauritius
Angola
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
31%62%7%
44 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Niger, 2012
Niger spentDomestic funding
437 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $25 per capita Spending by households
- 53% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Niger: • Niger:
$356/capita 57 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Niger: 820 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$13
$9
$24
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
20%80%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Niger
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina Faso
RwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Niger
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopia
BeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Niger
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the Congo
MozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%40%53%
WHO African countries
45WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nigeria, 2012
Nigeria spentDomestic funding
16 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $94 per capita Spending by households
- 66% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Nigeria: • Nigeria:
$1,555/capita 54 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Nigeria: 840 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$62
$29
$94
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
5%95%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Nigeria
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Nigeria
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Nigeria
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%31%66%
46 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Rwanda, 2012
Rwanda spentDomestic funding
757 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $66 per capita Spending by households
- 21% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Rwanda: • Rwanda:
$620/capita 59 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Rwanda: 540 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((22%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$13
$35
$61
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
47%53%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Rwanda
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNiger
ChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
RwandaMalawi
BurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
22%57%21%
WHO African countries
47WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sao Tome and Principe, 2012
Sao Tome and Principe spent Domestic funding
21 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $109 per capita Spending by households
- 52% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Sao Tome and Principe:
• Sao Tome and Principe:
$1,386/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Sao Tome and Principe: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$57
$35
$110
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
43%57%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Sao Tome and Principe
Lesotho
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Sao Tome and Principe
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Sao Tome and Principe
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
17%32%52%
48 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Senegal, 2012
Senegal spentDomestic funding
703 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $51 per capita Spending by households
- 34% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Senegal: • Senegal:
$1,032/capita 62 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Senegal: 410 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$17
$28
$49
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
19%81%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Senegal
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Senegal
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Senegal
Lesotho
Swaziland
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%56%34%
WHO African countries
49WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Seychelles, 2012
Seychelles spentDomestic funding
48 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $521 per capita Spending by households
- 2% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Seychelles: • Seychelles:
$11,178/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Seychelles: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((40%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$13
$495$531
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
8%92%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Seychelles
Algeria
Angola
Botswana
Namibia
South Africa
Gabon
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
Seychelles
Namibia
South Africa
Mauritius
Algeria
Botswana
Gabon
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
Seychelles
Namibia
Algeria
South Africa
Botswana
Mauritius
Angola
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%93%2%
50 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sierra Leone, 2012
Sierra Leone spentDomestic funding
572 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $96 per capita Spending by households
- 76% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Sierra Leone: • Sierra Leone:
$635/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Sierra Leone: 970 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$60
$13
$79
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
13%87%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Sierra Leone
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the Congo
MadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Sierra Leone
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMali
Burkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Sierra Leone
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComoros
MadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%17%76%
WHO African countries
51WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: South Africa, 2012
South Africa spentDomestic funding
34 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $645 per capita Spending by households
- 7% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• South Africa: • South Africa:
$7,336/capita 54 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries
• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita
• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• South Africa: 410 per
100,000 live births
• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$247
$433
$46
$310
$646
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
South Africa
Algeria
Seychelles
Angola
Botswana
Namibia
Gabon
Mauritius
0% 5% 10% 15%
South Africa
Namibia
Seychelles
Mauritius
Algeria
Botswana
Gabon
Angola
0% 2% 4% 6%
South Africa
Namibia
Algeria
Seychelles
Botswana
Mauritius
Angola
Gabon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
45%48%7%
52 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Swaziland, 2012
Swaziland spentDomestic funding
319 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $259 per capita Spending by households
- 11% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Swaziland: • Swaziland:
$3,042/capita 49 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Swaziland: 420 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48$33
$86
$28
$187
$253
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
22%78%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Swaziland
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
Zambia
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Swaziland
Zambia
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Swaziland
Lesotho
Zambia
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
15%74%11%
WHO African countries
53WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Togo, 2012
Togo spentDomestic funding
271 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $41 per capita Spending by households
- 41% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Togo: • Togo:
$472/capita 59 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Togo: 350 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$15
$19
$38
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
18%82%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Togo
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambia
Burkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Togo
RwandaLiberiaMalawi
BurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Togo
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberia
Burkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%51%41%
54 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uganda, 2012
Uganda spentDomestic funding
1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $44 per capita Spending by households
- 49% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Uganda: • Uganda:
$547/capita 52 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Uganda: 430 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((19%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$19
$9
$39
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
29%71%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Uganda
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascar
MaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Uganda
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of Tanzania
ComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Uganda
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMali
Central African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
27%24%49%
WHO African countries
55WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Republic of Tanzania, 2012
United Republic of Tanzania spent Domestic funding
2.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $41 per capita Spending by households
- 32% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• United Republic of Tanzania:
• United Republic of Tanzania:
$591/capita 55 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• United Republic of Tanzania: 790 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
$12
$15
$38
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
38%62%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
United Republic of Tanzania
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChad
GuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
United Republic of Tanzania
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBenin
UgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
United Republic of Tanzania
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambique
ComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
29%39%32%
56 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Zambia, 2012
Zambia spentDomestic funding
1.4 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $96 per capita Spending by households
- 24% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Zambia: • Zambia:
$1,469/capita 48 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries
• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita
• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Zambia: 470 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((26%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$48
$33
$86
$21
$55
$86
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
32%68%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Zambia
Lesotho
Sao Tome and Principe
Mauritania
Congo
Swaziland
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Nigeria
South Sudan
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Zambia
Swaziland
Lesotho
Mauritania
Ghana
Senegal
Cabo Verde Republic of
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Congo
Sao Tome and Principe
South Sudan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Zambia
Lesotho
Swaziland
Mauritania
Cabo Verde Republic of
Ghana
Senegal
Sao Tome and Principe
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Nigeria
Cameroon
South Sudan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
12%64%24%
WHO African countries
57WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Zimbabwe, 2012
Zimbabwe spentDomestic funding
0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $0 per capita Spending by households
- 0% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Zimbabwe: • Zimbabwe:
$0/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries
• AFR low income countries: $527/capita
• AFR low income countries: 54 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Zimbabwe: 790 per
100,000 live births
• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AFR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
1995 2000 2005 2010
$12$13
$31
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
-150%-100%-50%0%50%100%150%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Zimbabwe
MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African Republic
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Zimbabwe
RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritrea
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Zimbabwe
MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritrea
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
58 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia Plurinational States
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Domincan Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States of America
Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
WHO Region of the Americas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
59WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Antigua and Barbuda, 2012
Antigua and Barbuda spent Domestic funding
61 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $681 per capita Spending by households
- 22% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Antigua and Barbuda: • Antigua and Barbuda:
$13,207/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Antigua and Barbuda: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((22%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$145$493$654
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Chile
Bahamas
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Antigua and Barbuda
Uruguay
United States of America
Canada
Bahamas
Chile
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Antigua and Barbuda
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
Chile
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%75%22%
List of countries in WHO Region of the Americas
60 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Argentina, 2012
Argentina spentDomestic funding
41 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $995 per capita Spending by households
- 20% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Argentina: • Argentina:
$11,717/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Argentina: 70 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((26%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((22%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$172
$593
$857
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Argentina
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta Rica
MexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
ArgentinaCosta Rica
ColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Argentina
CubaCosta Rica
PanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
11%69%20%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
61WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bahamas, 2012
Bahamas spentDomestic funding
612 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,647 per capita Spending by households
- 29% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bahamas: • Bahamas:
$21,908/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bahamas: 49 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((22%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$480$760
$1,650
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Bahamas
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Chile
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Bahamas
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Chile
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Bahamas
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
25%46%29%
62 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Barbados, 2012
Barbados spentDomestic funding
266 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $938 per capita Spending by households
- 34% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Barbados: • Barbados:
$14,917/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Barbados: 64 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$306$584$890
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Barbados
Canada
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Chile
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Barbados
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Bahamas
Chile
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Barbados
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
66%34%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
63WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belize, 2012
Belize spentDomestic funding
84 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $259 per capita Spending by households
- 24% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Belize: • Belize:
$4,468/capita 0 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 0 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Belize: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 0 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((31%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source: National Health Accounts database, World Health Organization ([email protected])
Footnote:
All the indicators refer to expenditures by Financing Agent classification except External resources which falls in to Financing Source classification. While the components of Total health expenditure (THE) would come up to 100% within the same classification, one cannot expect sum of components of different classifications to come up to THE.Eg. Sum of General government (GG), components of Private (Pvt) expenditures on health and Externally funded expenditures on health may not add up to THE, as external resources (as a Financing Source) might flow through government or private and will be double counted.We recommend further reading on this, in the ‘Glossary of terms’ in the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/In some cases, the sum of components of the same classification may not add up to 100% because of rounding”.When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1.
In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000), unless otherwise stated for the country. Absolute values of expenditures are expressed in nominal terms (current prices).National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.
National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.PPP series resulting from the 2005 International comparison project (ICP) estimated by the World Bank has been used. In countries where this is not available, PPPs are estimated by the WHO.
Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used.
Source : Health expenditure series, World Health Organization, Geneva, (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1995 2000 2005 2010
$61
$172
$260
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Belize
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenada
JamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Belize
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the Grenadines
SurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Belize
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominica
SurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total expenditure on health
Government expenditure on health
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General government expenditure on health %
GGE
General government expenditure on health %
GDP
11%65%24%
64 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bolivia Plurinational States of , 2012
Bolivia Plurinational States of spent Domestic funding
1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $149 per capita Spending by households
- 23% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bolivia Plurinational States of :
• Bolivia Plurinational States of :
$2,576/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bolivia Plurinational States of : 180 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((44%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$28
$86
$120
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Paraguay
Honduras
Guyana
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Guatemala
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Nicaragua
Guatemala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
0% 2% 4% 6%
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Guyana
Honduras
El Salvador
Guatemala
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%72%23%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
65WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Brazil, 2012
Brazil spentDomestic funding
210 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,056 per capita Spending by households
- 31% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Brazil: • Brazil:
$11,348/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Brazil: 58 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((57%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$322
$483
$1,041
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
BrazilCuba
Saint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Brazil
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenada
EcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Brazil
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
23%46%31%
66 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Canada, 2012
Canada spentDomestic funding
199 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $5,741 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Canada: • Canada:
$52,530/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Canada: 12 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((44%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((17%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$777
$3,631
$5,183
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Chile
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Canada
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Bahamas
Chile
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Canada
United States of America
Uruguay
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
15%70%15%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
67WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Chile, 2012
Chile spentDomestic funding
19 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,103 per capita Spending by households
- 32% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Chile: • Chile:
$15,363/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Chile: 26 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$321$485$999
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Chile
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Chile
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Bahamas
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Chile
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
19%49%32%
68 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Colombia, 2012
Colombia spentDomestic funding
25 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $530 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Colombia: • Colombia:
$7,752/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Colombia: 85 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$67
$346
$456
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Colombia
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)Suriname
Costa RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Colombia
Costa RicaArgentina
PeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Colombia
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanama
Saint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%76%15%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
69WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Costa Rica, 2012
Costa Rica spentDomestic funding
4.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $951 per capita Spending by households
- 23% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Costa Rica: • Costa Rica:
$9,387/capita 79 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Costa Rica: 44 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((27%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((28%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$194
$627
$841
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Costa Rica
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombia
ArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Costa RicaCuba
ArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%75%23%
70 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cuba, 2012
Cuba spentDomestic funding
6.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $558 per capita Spending by households
- 6% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Cuba: • Cuba:
$6,498/capita 78 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Cuba: 53 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((70%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$31
$504$536
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Cuba
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSuriname
JamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
94%6%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
71WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Dominica, 2012
Dominica spentDomestic funding
28 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $392 per capita Spending by households
- 24% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Dominica: • Dominica:
$6,691/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Dominica: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((40%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$92
$278
$386
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Dominica
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuador
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Dominica
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaica
Saint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Dominica
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the Grenadines
BelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%72%24%
72 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Dominican Republic, 2012
Dominican Republic spent Domestic funding
3.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $310 per capita Spending by households
- 39% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Dominican Republic: • Dominican Republic:
$5,731/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Dominican Republic: 100 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((19%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$113$148
$292
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
5%95%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Dominican Republic
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexico
Peru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Dominican Republic
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexico
PanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Dominican Republic
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuador
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%51%39%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
73WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ecuador, 2012
Ecuador spentDomestic funding
5.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $361 per capita Spending by households
- 51% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Ecuador: • Ecuador:
$5,648/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Ecuador: 140 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$169$147
$329
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Ecuador
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanama
DominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Ecuador
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazil
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Ecuador
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenada
Dominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%45%51%
74 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: El Salvador, 2012
El Salvador spentDomestic funding
1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $254 per capita Spending by households
- 32% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• El Salvador: • El Salvador:
$3,777/capita 72 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• El Salvador: 110 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$77
$149
$237
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
El Salvador
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Paraguay
Honduras
Guyana
Nicaragua
Guatemala
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
Bolivia Plurinational States of
0% 2% 4% 6%
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Guyana
Honduras
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Guatemala
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%63%32%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
75WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Grenada, 2012
Grenada spentDomestic funding
50 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $478 per capita Spending by households
- 52% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Grenada: • Grenada:
$7,485/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Grenada: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$244$217
$466
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Grenada
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the Grenadines
BelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Grenada
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint Lucia
BrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Grenada
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeru
EcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%47%52%
76 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guatemala, 2012
Guatemala spentDomestic funding
3.4 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $226 per capita Spending by households
- 53% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Guatemala: • Guatemala:
$3,348/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Guatemala: 110 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((15%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$106
$71
$199
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
3%97%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Guatemala
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Paraguay
Honduras
Guyana
El Salvador
Nicaragua
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Guatemala
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
Bolivia Plurinational States of
0% 2% 4% 6%
Guatemala
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Guyana
Honduras
El Salvador
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
11%36%53%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
77WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guyana, 2012
Guyana spentDomestic funding
187 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $235 per capita Spending by households
- 31% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Guyana: • Guyana:
$3,585/capita 67 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Guyana: 270 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$65
$136
$206
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
11%89%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Guyana
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Paraguay
Honduras
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Guatemala
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Guyana
Nicaragua
Guatemala
El Salvador
Honduras
Paraguay
Bolivia Plurinational States of
0% 2% 4% 6%
Guyana
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Honduras
El Salvador
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Guatemala
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%66%31%
78 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Haiti, 2012
Haiti spentDomestic funding
535 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $53 per capita Spending by households
- 3% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Haiti: • Haiti:
$816/capita 62 years 2012 average of low AMR income countries
• AMR low income countries: $816/capita
• AMR low income countries: 62 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Haiti: 300 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low income countries: 300 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((5%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1995 2000 2005 2010
$2
$12
$53
$2
$11
$48
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
67%33%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Haiti
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Haiti
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%
Haiti
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
74%23%3%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
79WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Honduras, 2012
Honduras spentDomestic funding
1.5 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $195 per capita Spending by households
- 46% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Honduras: • Honduras:
$2,268/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Honduras: 110 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$82$90
$179
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Honduras
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Paraguay
Guyana
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Guatemala
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guatemala
El Salvador
Guyana
Paraguay
Bolivia Plurinational States of
0% 2% 4% 6%
Honduras
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Guyana
El Salvador
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Guatemala
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%50%46%
80 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Jamaica, 2012
Jamaica spentDomestic funding
882 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $318 per capita Spending by households
- 29% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Jamaica: • Jamaica:
$5,374/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Jamaica: 89 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((31%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$83
$157
$287
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Jamaica
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelize
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Jamaica
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCuba
DominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Jamaica
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSuriname
MexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
16%55%29%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
81WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mexico, 2012
Mexico spentDomestic funding
72 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $618 per capita Spending by households
- 44% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Mexico: • Mexico:
$10,057/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Mexico: 85 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$259$304
$587
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Mexico
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentina
Dominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Mexico
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeru
Dominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Mexico
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaica
PeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%52%44%
82 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nicaragua, 2012
Nicaragua spentDomestic funding
865 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $144 per capita Spending by households
- 39% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Nicaragua: • Nicaragua:
$1,754/capita 74 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Nicaragua: 100 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$51
$71
$131
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
11%89%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Nicaragua
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Paraguay
Honduras
Guyana
El Salvador
Guatemala
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Nicaragua
Guatemala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
Bolivia Plurinational States of
0% 2% 4% 6%
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Guyana
Honduras
El Salvador
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Guatemala
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%54%39%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
83WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Panama, 2012
Panama spentDomestic funding
2.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $723 per capita Spending by households
- 25% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Panama: • Panama:
$9,534/capita 77 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Panama: 71 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$161
$446
$650
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Panama
CubaBrazilSaint Lucia
EcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Panama
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican Republic
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Panama
CubaCosta RicaArgentina
ColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%69%25%
84 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Paraguay, 2012
Paraguay spentDomestic funding
2.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $392 per capita Spending by households
- 53% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Paraguay: • Paraguay:
$3,799/capita 74 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries
• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita
• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Paraguay: 95 per
100,000 live births
• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((39%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1995 2000 2005 2010
$98$109
$221
$170
$134
$319
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
3%97%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Paraguay
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Honduras
Guyana
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Guatemala
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Guatemala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Bolivia Plurinational States of
0% 2% 4% 6%
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Guyana
Honduras
El Salvador
Bolivia Plurinational States of
Guatemala
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%42%53%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
85WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Peru, 2012
Peru spentDomestic funding
10 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $337 per capita Spending by households
- 36% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Peru: • Peru:
$6,654/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Peru: 98 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((16%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$106
$174
$296
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Peru
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican Republic
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Peru
Costa RicaArgentinaColombia
MexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Peru
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexico
GrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%59%36%
86 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Kitts and Nevis, 2012
Saint Kitts and Nevis spent Domestic funding
44 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $825 per capita Spending by households
- 55% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Saint Kitts and Nevis: • Saint Kitts and Nevis:
$13,967/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Saint Kitts and Nevis: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$438$312$793
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
3%97%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Chile
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Bahamas
Chile
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Saint Kitts and Nevis
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%39%55%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
87WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Lucia, 2012
Saint Lucia spentDomestic funding
101 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $556 per capita Spending by households
- 44% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Saint Lucia: • Saint Lucia:
$6,558/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Saint Lucia: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((46%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$245
$305
$553
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Saint Lucia
CubaBrazil
PanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Saint Lucia
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominica
GrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Saint Lucia
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombia
BrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%55%44%
88 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 2012
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines spent Domestic funding
37 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $340 per capita Spending by households
- 18% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
$6,515/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 0 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$59
$269
$328
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
3%97%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominica
GrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanama
BelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazil
DominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
82%18%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
89WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Suriname, 2012
Suriname spentDomestic funding
278 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $521 per capita Spending by households
- 10% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Suriname: • Suriname:
$8,864/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Suriname: 100 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$53
$299
$525
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Suriname
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
ColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Suriname
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelize
CubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Suriname
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelize
JamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
33%57%10%
90 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Trinidad and Tobago, 2012
Trinidad and Tobago spent Domestic funding
1.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $972 per capita Spending by households
- 42% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Trinidad and Tobago: • Trinidad and Tobago:
$17,861/capita 70 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Trinidad and Tobago: 55 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((36%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$347$416$826
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Trinidad and Tobago
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Chile
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Bahamas
Chile
Barbados
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Trinidad and Tobago
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Bahamas
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%50%42%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
91WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United States of America, 2012
United States of America spent Domestic funding
2,809 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $8,895 per capita Spending by households
- 11% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• United States of America:
• United States of America:
$49,668/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• United States of America: 24 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$945
$3,947
$8,509
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
United States of America
Canada
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Chile
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
United States of America
Uruguay
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Bahamas
Chile
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
United States of America
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
43%46%11%
92 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uruguay, 2012
Uruguay spentDomestic funding
4.4 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,308 per capita Spending by households
- 17% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Uruguay: • Uruguay:
$14,703/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries
• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita
• AMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Uruguay: 27 per
100,000 live births
• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((24%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((25%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$936
$3,899
$8,124
$186$751
$1,127
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Uruguay
Canada
Barbados
United States of America
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Chile
Bahamas
Antigua and Barbuda
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Uruguay
United States of America
Antigua and Barbuda
Canada
Bahamas
Chile
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Uruguay
United States of America
Canada
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Chile
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
17%67%17%
Countries in WHO Region of the Americas
93WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), 2012
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) spent Domestic funding
18 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $593 per capita Spending by households
- 64% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of):
• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of):
$12,767/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries
• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita
• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): 68 per
100,000 live births
• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid AMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1995 2000 2005 2010
$253
$409
$778
$429
$227
$674
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaica
SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuador
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%34%64%
94 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
India
Indonesia
Maldives
Myanmar
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
WHO South-East Asia Region
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
95WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bangladesh, 2012
Bangladesh spentDomestic funding
4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $26 per capita Spending by households
- 63% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bangladesh: • Bangladesh:
$722/capita 65 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries
• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita
• SEAR low income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bangladesh: 340 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((16%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1995 2000 2005 2010
$16
$9
$26
$17
$9
$26
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
7%93%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Nepal
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
0% 5% 10% 15%
Bangladesh
Nepal
Myanmar
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
0% 2% 4%
Bangladesh
Nepal
Myanmar
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%34%63%
96 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bhutan, 2012
Bhutan spentDomestic funding
67 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $90 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bhutan: • Bhutan:
$2,398/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bhutan: 200 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$24
$69
$15
$80
$96
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
12%88%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
Indonesia
India
Sri Lanka
0% 5% 10%
Bhutan
India
Indonesia
Timor-Leste
Sri Lanka
0% 2% 4%
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
India
Indonesia
Sri Lanka
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%84%15%
Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region
97WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 2012
Democratic People's Republic of Korea spent Domestic funding
0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $0 per capita Spending by households
- 0% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Democratic People's Republic of Korea:
• Democratic People's Republic of Korea:
$0/capita 70 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries
• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita
• SEAR low income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Democratic People's Republic of Korea: 250 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1995 2000 2005 2010
$16
$9
$26
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Myanmar
Nepal
Bangladesh
0% 5% 10% 15%
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Nepal
Bangladesh
Myanmar
0% 2% 4%
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Nepal
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
98 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: India, 2012
India spentDomestic funding
76 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $61 per capita Spending by households
- 58% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• India: • India:
$1,516/capita 65 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• India: 230 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((14%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$24
$69
$35
$20
$61
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
India
Timor-Leste
Bhutan
Indonesia
Sri Lanka
0% 5% 10%
India
Bhutan
Indonesia
Timor-Leste
Sri Lanka
0% 2% 4%
India
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
Indonesia
Sri Lanka
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%33%58%
Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region
99WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Indonesia, 2012
Indonesia spentDomestic funding
27 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $108 per capita Spending by households
- 45% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Indonesia: • Indonesia:
$3,557/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Indonesia: 240 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((17%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$24
$69
$45$39
$98
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Indonesia
Timor-Leste
Bhutan
India
Sri Lanka
0% 5% 10%
Indonesia
India
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
Sri Lanka
0% 2% 4%
Indonesia
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
India
Sri Lanka
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
15%40%45%
100 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Maldives, 2012
Maldives spentDomestic funding
189 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $558 per capita Spending by households
- 48% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Maldives: • Maldives:
$6,567/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR up-mid income countries: $5,479/capita
• SEAR up-mid income countries: 73 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Maldives: 37 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR up-mid income countries: 43 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1995 2000 2005 2010
$29
$165
$217
$286$269
$593
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Maldives
Thailand
0% 5% 10% 15%
Maldives
Thailand
0% 2% 4%
Maldives
Thailand
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%45%48%
Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region
101WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Myanmar, 2012
Myanmar spentDomestic funding
1.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $20 per capita Spending by households
- 71% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Myanmar: • Myanmar:
$1,108/capita 64 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries
• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita
• SEAR low income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Myanmar: 240 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((2%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((0%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1995 2000 2005 2010
$16
$9
$26
$12
$4
$16
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
8%92%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Myanmar
Nepal
Bangladesh
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
0% 5% 10% 15%
Myanmar
Nepal
Bangladesh
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
0% 2% 4%
Myanmar
Nepal
Bangladesh
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%24%71%
102 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nepal, 2012
Nepal spentDomestic funding
985 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $36 per capita Spending by households
- 49% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Nepal: • Nepal:
$656/capita 67 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries
• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita
• SEAR low income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Nepal: 380 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((21%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 2000 2005 2010
$16
$9
$26
$17
$14
$35
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
18%82%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Nepal
Myanmar
Bangladesh
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
0% 5% 10% 15%
Nepal
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
0% 2% 4%
Nepal
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
11%39%49%
Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region
103WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sri Lanka, 2012
Sri Lanka spentDomestic funding
0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $0 per capita Spending by households
- 0% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Sri Lanka: • Sri Lanka:
$0/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Sri Lanka: 39 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$24
$69
$0$0$0
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Sri Lanka
Timor-Leste
Bhutan
Indonesia
India
0% 5% 10%
Sri Lanka
India
Bhutan
Indonesia
Timor-Leste
0% 2% 4%
Sri Lanka
Bhutan
Timor-Leste
India
Indonesia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
104 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Thailand, 2012
Thailand spentDomestic funding
14 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $215 per capita Spending by households
- 13% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Thailand: • Thailand:
$5,474/capita 70 years 2012 average of up-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR up-mid income countries: $5,479/capita
• SEAR up-mid income countries: 73 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Thailand: 48 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR up-mid income countries: 43 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$29
$165
$217
$26
$153
$200
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Thailand
Maldives
0% 5% 10% 15%
Thailand
Maldives
0% 2% 4%
Thailand
Maldives
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%76%13%
Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region
105WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Timor-Leste, 2012
Timor-Leste spentDomestic funding
55 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $50 per capita Spending by households
- 4% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Timor-Leste: • Timor-Leste:
$1,160/capita 67 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries
• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Timor-Leste: 370 per
100,000 live births
• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid SEAR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((120%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((3%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$24
$69
$2
$30
$40
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
45%55%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Timor-Leste
Bhutan
Indonesia
India
Sri Lanka
0% 5% 10%
Timor-Leste
India
Bhutan
Indonesia
Sri Lanka
0% 2% 4%
Timor-Leste
Bhutan
India
Indonesia
Sri Lanka
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
22%74%4%
106 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
AlbaniaAndorraArmenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Tajikistan
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
WHO European Region
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
107WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Albania, 2012
Albania spentDomestic funding
719 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $228 per capita Spending by households
- 52% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Albania: • Albania:
$3,809/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Albania: 31 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$117$106
$223
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Albania
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Albania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Albania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%48%52%
108 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Andorra, 2012
Andorra spentDomestic funding
268 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,057 per capita Spending by households
- 17% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Andorra: • Andorra:
$36,819/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Andorra: 0 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$531
$2,328
$3,040
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Andorra
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonaco
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Andorra
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Andorra
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%77%17%
Countries in WHO European Region
109WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Armenia, 2012
Armenia spentDomestic funding
446 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $150 per capita Spending by households
- 55% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Armenia: • Armenia:
$3,351/capita 70 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries
• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita
• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Armenia: 29 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$96$111
$216
$86
$66
$158
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
6%94%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Armenia
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Georgia
0% 5% 10% 15%
Armenia
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Georgia
0% 2% 4% 6%
Armenia
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Georgia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%42%55%
110 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Austria, 2012
Austria spentDomestic funding
46 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $5,407 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Austria: • Austria:
$47,161/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Austria: 5 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((51%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((17%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$811
$4,030
$5,334
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Austria
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Austria
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Austria
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%76%15%
Countries in WHO European Region
111WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Azerbaijan, 2012
Azerbaijan spentDomestic funding
3.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $398 per capita Spending by households
- 69% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Azerbaijan: • Azerbaijan:
$7,383/capita 68 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Azerbaijan: 38 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((32%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$223
$73
$323
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Azerbaijan
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Azerbaijan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Azerbaijan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%23%69%
112 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belarus, 2012
Belarus spentDomestic funding
3.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $339 per capita Spending by households
- 19% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Belarus: • Belarus:
$6,726/capita 70 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Belarus: 15 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$62
$245
$317
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Belarus
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Belarus
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Belarus
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%77%19%
Countries in WHO European Region
113WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belgium, 2012
Belgium spentDomestic funding
52 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $4,711 per capita Spending by households
- 20% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Belgium: • Belgium:
$43,641/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Belgium: 5 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((55%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$917
$3,539
$4,661
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Belgium
DenmarkFranceFinlandGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Belgium
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Belgium
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanySwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%76%20%
114 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2012
Bosnia and Herzegovina spent Domestic funding
1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $447 per capita Spending by households
- 28% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bosnia and Herzegovina:
• Bosnia and Herzegovina:
$4,517/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bosnia and Herzegovina: 9 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((17%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$123
$315
$442
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%71%28%
Countries in WHO European Region
115WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bulgaria, 2012
Bulgaria spentDomestic funding
3.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $516 per capita Spending by households
- 42% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bulgaria: • Bulgaria:
$6,950/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bulgaria: 13 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((36%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$181
$241
$428
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Bulgaria
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%56%42%
116 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Croatia, 2012
Croatia spentDomestic funding
3.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $908 per capita Spending by households
- 14% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Croatia: • Croatia:
$13,312/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Croatia: 14 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$130
$769$934
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Croatia
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Croatia
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Croatia
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%82%14%
Countries in WHO European Region
117WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cyprus, 2012
Cyprus spentDomestic funding
1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,949 per capita Spending by households
- 49% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Cyprus: • Cyprus:
$26,643/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Cyprus: 10 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((46%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$953$831
$1,926
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Cyprus
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Cyprus
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Cyprus
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatvia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%43%49%
118 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Czech Republic, 2012
Czech Republic spentDomestic funding
15 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,432 per capita Spending by households
- 14% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Czech Republic: • Czech Republic:
$18,688/capita 77 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Czech Republic: 8 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((44%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$207
$1,238$1,459
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Czech Republic
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Czech Republic
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Czech Republic
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%85%14%
Countries in WHO European Region
119WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Denmark, 2012
Denmark spentDomestic funding
35 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $6,304 per capita Spending by households
- 13% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Denmark: • Denmark:
$56,311/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Denmark: 5 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((60%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((10%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$797
$5,407
$6,321
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Denmark
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
DenmarkNetherlandsFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%86%13%
120 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Estonia, 2012
Estonia spentDomestic funding
1.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,010 per capita Spending by households
- 18% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Estonia: • Estonia:
$16,998/capita 75 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Estonia: 12 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((41%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$175
$760$952
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Estonia
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Estonia
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Estonia
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%80%18%
Countries in WHO European Region
121WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Finland, 2012
Finland spentDomestic funding
23 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $4,232 per capita Spending by households
- 19% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Finland: • Finland:
$46,261/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Finland: 8 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((56%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$766
$3,105
$4,117
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
FinlandDenmarkFranceBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Finland
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Finland
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%75%19%
122 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: France, 2012
France spentDomestic funding
306 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $4,690 per capita Spending by households
- 7% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• France: • France:
$39,923/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• France: 8 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((57%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$347
$3,611
$4,693
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
FranceDenmarkFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
France
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
FranceNetherlandsDenmarkAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
16%77%7%
Countries in WHO European Region
123WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Georgia, 2012
Georgia spentDomestic funding
1.5 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $333 per capita Spending by households
- 65% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Georgia: • Georgia:
$3,632/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries
• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita
• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Georgia: 48 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((32%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1995 2000 2005 2010
$96$111
$216
$180
$50
$278
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
3%97%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Georgia
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Armenia
0% 5% 10% 15%
Georgia
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Armenia
0% 2% 4% 6%
Georgia
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
17%18%65%
124 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Germany, 2012
Germany spentDomestic funding
383 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $4,683 per capita Spending by households
- 12% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Germany: • Germany:
$41,506/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Germany: 7 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$570
$3,607
$4,728
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Germany
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
GermanySwitzerlandNetherlandsMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Germany
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
12%76%12%
Countries in WHO European Region
125WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Greece, 2012
Greece spentDomestic funding
23 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $2,044 per capita Spending by households
- 30% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Greece: • Greece:
$22,050/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Greece: 2 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((55%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$624
$1,419
$2,102
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Greece
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Greece
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaPolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Greece
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%68%30%
126 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Hungary, 2012
Hungary spentDomestic funding
9.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $987 per capita Spending by households
- 27% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Hungary: • Hungary:
$12,615/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Hungary: 13 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((49%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$272
$639
$1,004
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Hungary
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Hungary
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%64%27%
Countries in WHO European Region
127WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Iceland, 2012
Iceland spentDomestic funding
1.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,872 per capita Spending by households
- 18% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Iceland: • Iceland:
$42,733/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Iceland: 5 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((46%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$667
$3,004
$3,724
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Iceland
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Iceland
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Iceland
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%81%18%
128 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ireland, 2012
Ireland spentDomestic funding
17 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,708 per capita Spending by households
- 15% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Ireland: • Ireland:
$45,867/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Ireland: 3 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((42%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$562
$2,412
$3,743
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Ireland
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Ireland
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Ireland
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
21%64%15%
Countries in WHO European Region
129WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Israel, 2012
Israel spentDomestic funding
18 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $2,289 per capita Spending by households
- 25% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Israel: • Israel:
$30,494/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Israel: 7 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$556
$1,372
$2,223
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Israel
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Israel
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Israel
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
13%62%25%
130 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Italy, 2012
Italy spentDomestic funding
184 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,032 per capita Spending by households
- 20% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Italy: • Italy:
$33,081/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Italy: 5 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((51%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$614
$2,372
$3,034
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Italy
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Italy
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Italy
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandSpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%78%20%
Countries in WHO European Region
131WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kazakhstan, 2012
Kazakhstan spentDomestic funding
8.5 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $521 per capita Spending by households
- 42% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Kazakhstan: • Kazakhstan:
$12,455/capita 64 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Kazakhstan: 45 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((22%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$181
$251
$435
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Kazakhstan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Kazakhstan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%58%42%
132 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kyrgyzstan, 2012
Kyrgyzstan spentDomestic funding
462 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $84 per capita Spending by households
- 35% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Kyrgyzstan: • Kyrgyzstan:
$1,183/capita 66 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries
• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita
• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Kyrgyzstan: 81 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$96$111
$216
$23$39
$66
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
12%88%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Kyrgyzstan
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Georgia
Armenia
0% 5% 10% 15%
Kyrgyzstan
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Georgia
0% 2% 4% 6%
Kyrgyzstan
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Georgia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%60%35%
Countries in WHO European Region
133WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Latvia, 2012
Latvia spentDomestic funding
1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $792 per capita Spending by households
- 37% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Latvia: • Latvia:
$13,239/capita 72 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Latvia: 20 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((38%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$284$431
$759
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Latvia
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Latvia
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Latvia
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%57%37%
134 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lithuania, 2012
Lithuania spentDomestic funding
2.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $859 per capita Spending by households
- 29% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Lithuania: • Lithuania:
$12,915/capita 73 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Lithuania: 13 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$235
$583$823
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
3%97%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Lithuania
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Lithuania
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Lithuania
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%71%29%
Countries in WHO European Region
135WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Luxembourg, 2012
Luxembourg spentDomestic funding
3.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $7,452 per capita Spending by households
- 11% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Luxembourg: • Luxembourg:
$108,756/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Luxembourg: 17 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((43%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$791
$5,945
$7,038
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Luxembourg
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Luxembourg
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Luxembourg
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%84%11%
136 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malta, 2012
Malta spentDomestic funding
772 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,835 per capita Spending by households
- 32% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Malta: • Malta:
$20,184/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Malta: 8 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$587
$1,193
$1,819
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Malta
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Malta
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Malta
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreecePortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%66%32%
Countries in WHO European Region
137WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Monaco, 2012
Monaco spentDomestic funding
252 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $6,708 per capita Spending by households
- 7% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Monaco: • Monaco:
$152,481/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Monaco: 0 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$470
$5,953
$6,722
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Monaco
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Monaco
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Monaco
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%89%7%
138 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Montenegro, 2012
Montenegro spentDomestic funding
306 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $493 per capita Spending by households
- 37% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Montenegro: • Montenegro:
$6,514/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Montenegro: 15 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$181
$294
$493
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Montenegro
Hungary
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%60%37%
Countries in WHO European Region
139WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Netherlands, 2012
Netherlands spentDomestic funding
96 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $5,737 per capita Spending by households
- 6% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Netherlands: • Netherlands:
$46,128/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Netherlands: 9 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((50%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((10%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$324
$4,629
$5,800
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Netherlands
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalySloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
NetherlandsSwitzerlandGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
15%80%6%
140 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Norway, 2012
Norway spentDomestic funding
45 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $9,055 per capita Spending by households
- 13% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Norway: • Norway:
$100,511/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Norway: 7 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((43%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$1,068
$6,761
$7,947
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Norway
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Norway
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Norway
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%85%13%
Countries in WHO European Region
141WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Poland, 2012
Poland spentDomestic funding
33 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $854 per capita Spending by households
- 23% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Poland: • Poland:
$12,711/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Poland: 6 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((42%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$199
$611
$872
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Poland
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Poland
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreeceIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Poland
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%70%23%
142 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Portugal, 2012
Portugal spentDomestic funding
20 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,905 per capita Spending by households
- 32% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Portugal: • Portugal:
$20,160/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Portugal: 7 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((47%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$619
$1,225
$1,956
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Portugal
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Portugal
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Portugal
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%63%32%
Countries in WHO European Region
143WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Republic of Moldova, 2012
Republic of Moldova spent Domestic funding
850 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $239 per capita Spending by households
- 45% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Republic of Moldova: • Republic of Moldova:
$2,038/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries
• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita
• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Republic of Moldova: 32 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((40%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$96$111
$216
$110$110
$242
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
7%93%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Georgia
Armenia
0% 5% 10% 15%
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Georgia
0% 2% 4% 6%
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Georgia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%46%45%
144 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Romania, 2012
Romania spentDomestic funding
8.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $420 per capita Spending by households
- 22% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Romania: • Romania:
$8,212/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Romania: 27 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$91
$326
$420
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Romania
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Romania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Romania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%78%22%
Countries in WHO European Region
145WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Russian Federation, 2012
Russian Federation spent Domestic funding
127 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $887 per capita Spending by households
- 34% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Russian Federation: • Russian Federation:
$14,178/capita 68 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Russian Federation: 39 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$247$438
$719
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Russian Federation
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Russian Federation
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Russian Federation
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%61%34%
146 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: San Marino, 2012
San Marino spentDomestic funding
121 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,792 per capita Spending by households
- 12% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• San Marino: • San Marino:
$58,007/capita 83 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• San Marino: 0 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((43%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$460
$3,264
$3,744
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
San Marino
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
San Marino
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
San Marino
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%87%12%
Countries in WHO European Region
147WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Serbia, 2012
Serbia spentDomestic funding
4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $561 per capita Spending by households
- 37% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Serbia: • Serbia:
$5,360/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Serbia: 8 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((48%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$206
$340
$555
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Serbia
Hungary
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%61%37%
148 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Slovakia, 2012
Slovakia spentDomestic funding
7.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,326 per capita Spending by households
- 23% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Slovakia: • Slovakia:
$16,990/capita 75 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Slovakia: 6 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$303
$935
$1,327
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Slovakia
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Slovakia
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Slovakia
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%71%23%
Countries in WHO European Region
149WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Slovenia, 2012
Slovenia spentDomestic funding
4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,942 per capita Spending by households
- 12% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Slovenia: • Slovenia:
$22,169/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Slovenia: 18 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((49%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$236
$1,447
$1,974
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Slovenia
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Slovenia
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Slovenia
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
15%73%12%
150 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Spain, 2012
Spain spentDomestic funding
130 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $2,808 per capita Spending by households
- 20% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Spain: • Spain:
$29,191/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Spain: 6 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((47%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$580
$2,106
$2,863
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Spain
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Spain
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Spain
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%74%20%
Countries in WHO European Region
151WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sweden, 2012
Sweden spentDomestic funding
50 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $5,319 per capita Spending by households
- 16% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Sweden: • Sweden:
$55,339/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Sweden: 5 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((52%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((15%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$791
$4,009
$4,908
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Sweden
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Sweden
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Sweden
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%82%16%
152 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Switzerland, 2012
Switzerland spentDomestic funding
71 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $8,980 per capita Spending by households
- 28% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Switzerland: • Switzerland:
$79,501/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Switzerland: 10 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((21%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$2,266
$4,966
$8,051
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Switzerland
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
Switzerland
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%62%28%
Countries in WHO European Region
153WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tajikistan, 2012
Tajikistan spentDomestic funding
440 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $55 per capita Spending by households
- 60% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Tajikistan: • Tajikistan:
$953/capita 68 years 2012 average of low EUR income countries
• EUR low income countries: $953/capita
• EUR low income countries: 68 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Tajikistan: 64 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low income countries:64 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((25%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1995 2000 2005 2010
$33
$16
$55
$28
$14
$47
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
9%91%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Tajikistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Tajikistan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%
Tajikistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%30%60%
154 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Turkey, 2012
Turkey spentDomestic funding
50 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $665 per capita Spending by households
- 17% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Turkey: • Turkey:
$10,557/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Turkey: 23 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((36%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$116
$509
$689
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Turkey
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Turkey
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Turkey
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%74%17%
Countries in WHO European Region
155WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Turkmenistan, 2012
Turkmenistan spentDomestic funding
666 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $129 per capita Spending by households
- 37% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Turkmenistan: • Turkmenistan:
$6,511/capita 63 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Turkmenistan: 77 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((14%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$40$70
$110
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Turkmenistan
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Turkmenistan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Turkmenistan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
63%37%
156 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ukraine, 2012
Ukraine spentDomestic funding
13 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $293 per capita Spending by households
- 42% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Ukraine: • Ukraine:
$3,872/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries
• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita
• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Ukraine: 26 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((36%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$96$111
$216
$101
$131
$239
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Ukraine
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Georgia
Armenia
0% 5% 10% 15%
Ukraine
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Georgia
0% 2% 4% 6%
Ukraine
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Georgia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%55%42%
Countries in WHO European Region
157WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Kingdom, 2012
United Kingdom spentDomestic funding
230 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,647 per capita Spending by households
- 10% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• United Kingdom: • United Kingdom:
$38,657/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries
• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita
• EUR hi income countries: 79 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• United Kingdom: 12 per
100,000 live births
• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((49%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$474
$2,309
$3,052
$342
$2,835
$3,437
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
United Kingdom
DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
United Kingdom
SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
United Kingdom
NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%83%10%
158 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uzbekistan, 2012
Uzbekistan spentDomestic funding
3.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $105 per capita Spending by households
- 44% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Uzbekistan: • Uzbekistan:
$1,789/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries
• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita
• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Uzbekistan: 30 per
100,000 live births
• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((32%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$96$111
$216
$42$50
$94
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Uzbekistan
Republic of Moldova
Ukraine
Kyrgyzstan
Georgia
Armenia
0% 5% 10% 15%
Uzbekistan
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Armenia
Georgia
0% 2% 4% 6%
Uzbekistan
Republic of Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Ukraine
Armenia
Georgia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%53%44%
Countries in WHO European Region
159WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 2012
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia spent Domestic funding
689 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $327 per capita Spending by households
- 36% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:
• The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:
$4,590/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries
• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita
• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: 9 per
100,000 live births
• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid EUR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
1995 2000 2005 2010
$142
$383
$562
$117
$209
$326
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Hungary
Serbia
Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Belarus
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Kazakhstan
Hungary
Montenegro
Albania
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Romania
Belarus
Albania
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
64%36%
160 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Afghanistan
Bahrain
Djibouti
Egypt
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Morocco
Oman
Pakistan
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Tunisia
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
161WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Afghanistan, 2012
Afghanistan spentDomestic funding
1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $51 per capita Spending by households
- 74% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Afghanistan: • Afghanistan:
$595/capita 48 years 2012 average of low EMR income countries
• EMR low income countries: $595/capita
• EMR low income countries: 50 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Afghanistan: 1,400 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low income countries: 1,300 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((25%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$11
$51
$34
$10
$46
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
22%78%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Afghanistan
Somalia
0% 5% 10%
Afghanistan
Somalia
0% 2%
Afghanistan
Somalia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%21%74%
162 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bahrain, 2012
Bahrain spentDomestic funding
1.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $895 per capita Spending by households
- 16% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Bahrain: • Bahrain:
$23,039/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries
• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita
• EMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Bahrain: 19 per
100,000 live births
• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$173
$694
$986
$132
$575
$800
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Bahrain
Oman
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
0% 5% 10%
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
0% 2% 4%
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Kuwait
United Arab Emirates
Qatar
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
12%72%16%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
163WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Djibouti, 2012
Djibouti spentDomestic funding
119 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $129 per capita Spending by households
- 40% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Djibouti: • Djibouti:
$1,467/capita 60 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Djibouti: 300 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88
$47
$70
$117
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
13%87%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Djibouti
Yemen
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Djibouti
Sudan
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Pakistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%60%40%
164 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Egypt, 2012
Egypt spentDomestic funding
13 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $152 per capita Spending by households
- 60% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Egypt: • Egypt:
$3,033/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Egypt: 82 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88$79
$52
$133
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Egypt
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Egypt
Djibouti
Sudan
Morocco
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Egypt
Djibouti
Morocco
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Pakistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%39%60%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
165WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Egypt, 2012
Egypt spentDomestic funding
13 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $152 per capita Spending by households
- 60% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Egypt: • Egypt:
$3,033/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Egypt: 82 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88$79
$52
$133
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Egypt
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Egypt
Djibouti
Sudan
Morocco
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Egypt
Djibouti
Morocco
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Pakistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
1%39%60%
166 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Iraq, 2012
Iraq spentDomestic funding
7.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $226 per capita Spending by households
- 46% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Iraq: • Iraq:
$6,309/capita 66 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries
• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita
• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Iraq: 75 per
100,000 live births
• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((43%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$194$191
$414
$80$92
$172
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%1%2%3%4%5%6%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Iraq
Libya
Jordan
Lebanon
Tunisia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Iraq
Jordan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Tunisia
Libya
Lebanon
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Iraq
Jordan
Tunisia
Libya
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Lebanon
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
54%46%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
167WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Jordan, 2012
Jordan spentDomestic funding
2.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $388 per capita Spending by households
- 28% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Jordan: • Jordan:
$3,946/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries
• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita
• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Jordan: 59 per
100,000 live births
• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$194$191
$414
$99
$219
$347
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Jordan
Libya
Iraq
Lebanon
Tunisia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Jordan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Tunisia
Libya
Lebanon
Iraq
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Jordan
Tunisia
Libya
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Lebanon
Iraq
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%63%28%
168 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kuwait, 2012
Kuwait spentDomestic funding
4.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,428 per capita Spending by households
- 16% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Kuwait: • Kuwait:
$56,367/capita 78 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries
• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita
• EMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Kuwait: 9 per
100,000 live births
• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$173
$694
$986
$165
$862
$1,044
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Kuwait
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
0% 5% 10%
Kuwait
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Qatar
0% 2% 4%
Kuwait
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Oman
United Arab Emirates
Qatar
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%83%16%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
169WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lebanon, 2012
Lebanon spentDomestic funding
3.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $650 per capita Spending by households
- 39% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Lebanon: • Lebanon:
$8,897/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries
• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita
• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Lebanon: 26 per
100,000 live births
• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((32%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$194$191
$414
$227$172
$587
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Lebanon
Libya
Iraq
Jordan
Tunisia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Lebanon
Jordan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Tunisia
Libya
Iraq
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Lebanon
Jordan
Tunisia
Libya
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
32%29%39%
170 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Libya, 2012
Libya spentDomestic funding
3.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $578 per capita Spending by households
- 23% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Libya: • Libya:
$14,808/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries
• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita
• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Libya: 64 per
100,000 live births
• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((44%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$194$191
$414
$101
$344
$445
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Libya
Iraq
Jordan
Lebanon
Tunisia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Libya
Jordan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Tunisia
Lebanon
Iraq
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Libya
Jordan
Tunisia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Lebanon
Iraq
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
77%23%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
171WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Morocco, 2012
Morocco spentDomestic funding
6.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $190 per capita Spending by households
- 59% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Morocco: • Morocco:
$2,974/capita 73 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Morocco: 110 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88
$114
$65
$194
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Morocco
Yemen
Djibouti
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Morocco
Djibouti
Sudan
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Morocco
Djibouti
Egypt
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Pakistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%33%59%
172 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Oman, 2012
Oman spentDomestic funding
2.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $690 per capita Spending by households
- 12% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Oman: • Oman:
$26,330/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries
• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita
• EMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Oman: 20 per
100,000 live births
• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((38%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$173
$694
$986
$66
$440
$547
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Oman
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
0% 5% 10%
Oman
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Qatar
0% 2% 4%
Oman
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
United Arab Emirates
Qatar
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%80%12%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
173WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Pakistan, 2012
Pakistan spentDomestic funding
6.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $34 per capita Spending by households
- 55% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Pakistan: • Pakistan:
$1,252/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Pakistan: 260 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88
$15$10
$28
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
5%95%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Pakistan
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Pakistan
Djibouti
Sudan
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Pakistan
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%37%55%
174 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Qatar, 2012
Qatar spentDomestic funding
4.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $2,029 per capita Spending by households
- 9% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Qatar: • Qatar:
$93,832/capita 78 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries
• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita
• EMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Qatar: 8 per
100,000 live births
• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$173
$694
$986
$135
$1,324
$1,583
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Qatar
Oman
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
0% 5% 10%
Qatar
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Oman
0% 2% 4%
Qatar
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Kuwait
United Arab Emirates
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
8%84%9%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
175WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saudi Arabia, 2012
Saudi Arabia spentDomestic funding
23 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $795 per capita Spending by households
- 19% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Saudi Arabia: • Saudi Arabia:
$24,771/capita 72 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries
• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita
• EMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Saudi Arabia: 24 per
100,000 live births
• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1995 2000 2005 2010
$173
$694
$986
$126
$442
$672
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Kuwait
Qatar
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
0% 5% 10%
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
0% 2% 4%
Saudi Arabia
Bahrain
Oman
Kuwait
United Arab Emirates
Qatar
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
16%66%19%
176 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Somalia, 2012
Somalia spentDomestic funding
0 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $0 per capita Spending by households
- 0% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Somalia: • Somalia:
$0/capita 51 years 2012 average of low EMR income countries
• EMR low income countries: $595/capita
• EMR low income countries: 50 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Somalia: 1,200 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low income countries: 1,300 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1995 2000 2005 2010
$38
$11
$51
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Somalia
Afghanistan
0% 5% 10%
Somalia
Afghanistan
0% 2%
Somalia
Afghanistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
177WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sudan, 2012
Sudan spentDomestic funding
4.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $115 per capita Spending by households
- 74% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Sudan: • Sudan:
$1,580/capita 59 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Sudan: 750 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((16%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88$81
$26
$110
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Sudan
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Sudan
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Sudan
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Pakistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%23%74%
178 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Syrian Arab Republic, 2012
Syrian Arab Republic spent Domestic funding
2.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $105 per capita Spending by households
- 54% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Syrian Arab Republic: • Syrian Arab Republic:
$3,077/capita 74 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Syrian Arab Republic: 46 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53
$31
$88
$50$42
$92
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
1%99%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Syrian Arab Republic
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Pakistan
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Syrian Arab Republic
Djibouti
Sudan
Morocco
Egypt
Pakistan
Yemen
0% 2% 4% 6%
Syrian Arab Republic
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Sudan
Yemen
Pakistan
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
46%54%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
179WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tunisia, 2012
Tunisia spentDomestic funding
3.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $297 per capita Spending by households
- 36% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Tunisia: • Tunisia:
$4,216/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries
• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita
• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Tunisia: 60 per
100,000 live births
• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among up-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((31%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$194$191
$414
$105
$175
$297
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Tunisia
Libya
Iraq
Jordan
Lebanon
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Tunisia
Jordan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Libya
Lebanon
Iraq
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
Tunisia
Jordan
Libya
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Lebanon
Iraq
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%59%36%
180 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Arab Emirates, 2012
United Arab Emirates spent Domestic funding
11 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,343 per capita Spending by households
- 20% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• United Arab Emirates: • United Arab Emirates:
$47,348/capita 78 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries
• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita
• EMR hi income countries: 76 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• United Arab Emirates: 10 per
100,000 live births
• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among hi EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$173
$694
$986
$222
$739
$1,090
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
United Arab Emirates
Oman
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Bahrain
0% 5% 10%
United Arab Emirates
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Oman
Qatar
0% 2% 4%
United Arab Emirates
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Kuwait
Qatar
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
12%68%20%
Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
181WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Yemen, 2012
Yemen spentDomestic funding
1.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $71 per capita Spending by households
- 72% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Yemen: • Yemen:
$1,284/capita 0 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries
• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita
• EMR low-mid income countries: 0 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Yemen: 0 per
100,000 live births
• EMR low-mid income countries: 0 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of
the region
Among low-mid EMR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((38%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source: National Health Accounts database, World Health Organization ([email protected])
Footnote:
All the indicators refer to expenditures by Financing Agent classification except External resources which falls in to Financing Source classification. While the components of Total health expenditure (THE) would come up to 100% within the same classification, one cannot expect sum of components of different classifications to come up to THE.Eg. Sum of General government (GG), components of Private (Pvt) expenditures on health and Externally funded expenditures on health may not add up to THE, as external resources (as a Financing Source) might flow through government or private and will be double counted.We recommend further reading on this, in the ‘Glossary of terms’ in the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/In some cases, the sum of components of the same classification may not add up to 100% because of rounding”.When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1.
In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000), unless otherwise stated for the country. Absolute values of expenditures are expressed in nominal terms (current prices).National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.
National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.PPP series resulting from the 2005 International comparison project (ICP) estimated by the World Bank has been used. In countries where this is not available, PPPs are estimated by the WHO.
Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used.
Source : Health expenditure series, World Health Organization, Geneva, (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1995 2000 2005 2010
$32
$12
$44
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Sudan
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Yemen
Djibouti
Sudan
Morocco
Egypt
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
0% 2% 4% 6%
Yemen
Djibouti
Morocco
Egypt
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Pakistan
Total expenditure on health
Government expenditure on health
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General government expenditure on health %
GGE
General government expenditure on health %
GDP
1%27%72%
182 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Australia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
China
Cook Islands
Fiji
Japan
Kiribati
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Malaysia
Marshall Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Mongolia
Nauru
New Zealand
Niue
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Republic of Korea
Samoa
Singapore
Solomon Islands
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
WHO Western Pacific Region
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
183WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Australia, 2012
Australia spentDomestic funding
141 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $6,140 per capita Spending by households
- 19% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Australia: • Australia:
$67,241/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries
• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita
• WPR hi income countries: 81 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Australia: 8 per
100,000 live births
• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among hi WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$719
$3,118
$4,078
$976
$3,529
$5,274
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Australia
Japan
New Zealand
Brunei Darussalam
Republic of Korea
Singapore
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Australia
New Zealand
Japan
Republic of Korea
Singapore
Brunei Darussalam
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Australia
New Zealand
Japan
Republic of Korea
Brunei Darussalam
Singapore
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
15%67%19%
184 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Brunei Darussalam, 2012
Brunei Darussalam spent Domestic funding
387 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $939 per capita Spending by households
- 8% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Brunei Darussalam: • Brunei Darussalam:
$41,126/capita 77 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries
• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita
• WPR hi income countries: 81 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Brunei Darussalam: 21 per
100,000 live births
• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among hi WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$719
$3,118
$4,078
$58
$657$716
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Brunei Darussalam
Japan
New Zealand
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Brunei Darussalam
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Brunei Darussalam
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%92%8%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
185WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cambodia, 2012
Cambodia spentDomestic funding
763 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $51 per capita Spending by households
- 62% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Cambodia: • Cambodia:
$946/capita 61 years 2012 average of low WPR income countries
• WPR low income countries: $946/capita
• WPR low income countries: 61 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Cambodia: 290 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low income countries: 290 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((20%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
1995 2000 2005 2010
$32
$13
$51
$29
$12
$47
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
15%85%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Cambodia
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Cambodia
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%
Cambodia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
14%25%62%
186 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: China, 2012
China spentDomestic funding
445 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $322 per capita Spending by households
- 34% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• China: • China:
$5,941/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• China: 38 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$93
$151
$270
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
China
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
China
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
China
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%56%34%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
187WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cook Islands, 2012
Cook Islands spentDomestic funding
10 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $511 per capita Spending by households
- 9% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Cook Islands: • Cook Islands:
$14,913/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Cook Islands: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((33%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$40
$406$445
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Cook Islands
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Cook Islands
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
China
Nauru
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Cook Islands
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
91%9%
188 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Fiji, 2012
Fiji spentDomestic funding
155 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $177 per capita Spending by households
- 23% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Fiji: • Fiji:
$4,438/capita 69 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Fiji: 26 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$34
$98
$151
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
7%93%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Fiji
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Fiji
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Fiji
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
13%65%23%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
189WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Japan, 2012
Japan spentDomestic funding
601 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $4,752 per capita Spending by households
- 14% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Japan: • Japan:
$47,170/capita 83 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries
• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita
• WPR hi income countries: 81 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Japan: 6 per
100,000 live births
• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among hi WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((43%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$719
$3,118
$4,078
$626
$3,660
$4,437
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Japan
New Zealand
Brunei Darussalam
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Japan
New Zealand
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
Brunei Darussalam
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Japan
New Zealand
Australia
Republic of Korea
Brunei Darussalam
Singapore
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%82%14%
190 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kiribati, 2012
Kiribati spentDomestic funding
19 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $187 per capita Spending by households
- 0% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Kiribati: • Kiribati:
$1,743/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Kiribati: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((86%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$0
$140
$170
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
6%94%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
17%83%0%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
191WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2012
Lao People's Democratic Republic spent Domestic funding
267 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $40 per capita Spending by households
- 38% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Lao People's Democratic Republic:
• Lao People's Democratic Republic:
$1,395/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Lao People's Democratic Republic: 580 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$14$19
$36
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
22%78%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
11%51%38%
192 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malaysia, 2012
Malaysia spentDomestic funding
12 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $419 per capita Spending by households
- 35% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Malaysia: • Malaysia:
$10,381/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Malaysia: 31 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((39%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$132
$208
$378
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
0%100%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Malaysia
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Malaysia
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Malaysia
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%55%35%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
193WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Marshall Islands, 2012
Marshall Islands spentDomestic funding
31 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $590 per capita Spending by households
- 13% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Marshall Islands: • Marshall Islands:
$3,773/capita 59 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Marshall Islands: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((53%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((24%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((13%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$72
$454
$550
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
36%64%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Marshall Islands
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%83%13%
194 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Micronesia (Federated States of), 2012
Micronesia (Federated States of) spent Domestic funding
42 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $405 per capita Spending by households
- 9% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Micronesia (Federated States of):
• Micronesia (Federated States of):
$3,164/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Micronesia (Federated States of): 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((64%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((12%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$36
$340
$376
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
70%30%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
0%90%9%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
195WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mongolia, 2012
Mongolia spentDomestic funding
649 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $232 per capita Spending by households
- 35% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Mongolia: • Mongolia:
$3,673/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Mongolia: 65 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((44%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$64
$116
$185
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
4%96%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Mongolia
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Mongolia
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
3%63%35%
196 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nauru, 2012
Nauru spentDomestic funding
6 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $564 per capita Spending by households
- 7% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Nauru: • Nauru:
$7,532/capita 60 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Nauru: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((57%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$27
$315$361
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
48%52%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Nauru
Niue
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
China
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Nauru
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%87%7%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
197WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: New Zealand, 2012
New Zealand spentDomestic funding
15 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $3,292 per capita Spending by households
- 11% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• New Zealand: • New Zealand:
$32,016/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries
• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita
• WPR hi income countries: 81 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• New Zealand: 14 per
100,000 live births
• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among hi WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$719
$3,118
$4,078
$367
$2,778
$3,359
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
New Zealand
Japan
Brunei Darussalam
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
Brunei Darussalam
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Republic of Korea
Brunei Darussalam
Singapore
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%83%11%
198 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Niue, 2012
Niue spentDomestic funding
2 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,270 per capita Spending by households
- 2% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Niue: • Niue:
$18,992/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Niue: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((133%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111$181$324$0$0$0
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
62%38%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Niue
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
Tonga
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Niue
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
98%2%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
199WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Palau, 2012
Palau spentDomestic funding
20 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $972 per capita Spending by households
- 11% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Palau: • Palau:
$10,273/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Palau: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((44%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111$181
$324
$99
$722
$937
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
35%65%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Palau
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Palau
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Tonga
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Palau
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
12%77%11%
200 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Papua New Guinea, 2012
Papua New Guinea spent Domestic funding
814 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $114 per capita Spending by households
- 9% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Papua New Guinea: • Papua New Guinea:
$2,184/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Papua New Guinea: 250 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((31%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$8
$67
$81
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
22%78%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Papua New Guinea
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Papua New Guinea
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
7%83%9%
201WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Philippines, 2012
Philippines spentDomestic funding
11 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $119 per capita Spending by households
- 52% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Philippines: • Philippines:
$2,588/capita 70 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Philippines: 94 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$55
$40
$105
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Philippines
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Philippines
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Philippines
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%38%52%
202 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Republic of Korea, 2012
Republic of Korea spent Domestic funding
85 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $1,703 per capita Spending by households
- 36% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Republic of Korea: • Republic of Korea:
$22,590/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries
• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita
• WPR hi income countries: 81 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Republic of Korea: 18 per
100,000 live births
• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among hi WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((30%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$719
$3,118
$4,078
$583$881
$1,618
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
11%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Republic of Korea
Japan
New Zealand
Brunei Darussalam
Australia
Singapore
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Republic of Korea
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Singapore
Brunei Darussalam
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Republic of Korea
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Brunei Darussalam
Singapore
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
10%54%36%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
203WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Samoa, 2012
Samoa spentDomestic funding
46 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $245 per capita Spending by households
- 7% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Samoa: • Samoa:
$3,598/capita 70 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Samoa: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$16
$192
$218
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
20%80%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Samoa
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Samoa
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%88%7%
204 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Singapore, 2012
Singapore spentDomestic funding
13 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $2,426 per capita Spending by households
- 59% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Singapore: • Singapore:
$52,141/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries
• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita
• WPR hi income countries: 81 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Singapore: 9 per
100,000 live births
• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among hi WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((15%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1995 2000 2005 2010
$719
$3,118
$4,078
$1,269
$814
$2,166
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Singapore
Japan
New Zealand
Brunei Darussalam
Australia
Republic of Korea
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Singapore
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Republic of Korea
Brunei Darussalam
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Singapore
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Republic of Korea
Brunei Darussalam
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
4%38%59%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
205WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Solomon Islands, 2012
Solomon Islands spentDomestic funding
81 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $148 per capita Spending by households
- 2% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Solomon Islands: • Solomon Islands:
$1,835/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Solomon Islands: 100 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((39%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$2
$108$112
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
52%48%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Solomon Islands
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
2%96%2%
206 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tonga, 2012
Tonga spentDomestic funding
25 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $238 per capita Spending by households
- 11% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Tonga: • Tonga:
$4,430/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Tonga: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((5%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$22
$170
$202
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
19%81%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Tonga
Niue
Tuvalu
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Tonga
Marshall Islands
Tuvalu
Palau
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Tonga
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
5%84%11%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
207WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tuvalu, 2012
Tuvalu spentDomestic funding
6 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $577 per capita Spending by households
- 0% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Tuvalu: • Tuvalu:
$3,740/capita 64 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries
• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita
• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Tuvalu: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among up-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((86%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((15%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1995 2000 2005 2010
$111
$181
$324
$1
$510$510
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
12%88%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%
Tuvalu
Niue
Nauru
Marshall Islands
Palau
Malaysia
Tonga
Cook Islands
Fiji
China
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Tonga
China
Nauru
Cook Islands
Fiji
Malaysia
Niue
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Palau
Niue
Nauru
Tonga
Cook Islands
China
Fiji
Malaysia
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
100%0%
208 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Vanuatu, 2012
Vanuatu spentDomestic funding
29 million US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $116 per capita Spending by households
- 8% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Vanuatu: • Vanuatu:
$3,183/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Vanuatu: 0 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((14%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$8
$92
$107
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
29%71%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Vanuatu
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Viet Nam
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Vanuatu
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Viet Nam
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Vanuatu
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Viet Nam
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
6%87%8%
Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region
209WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Viet Nam, 2012
Viet Nam spentDomestic funding
9.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad
on health care:
- $102 per capita Spending by households
- 49% spent by households
Expenditure by government
Other
• Viet Nam: • Viet Nam:
$1,560/capita 72 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries
• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita
• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years
GDP per capita Life expectancy
2009 data
• Viet Nam: 56 per
100,000 live births
• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births
Maternalmortality rate
2008 data
Government resources allocated to health
Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the
region
Among low-mid WPR countries:
Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((30%))
Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))
Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))
Source : global health expenditure database
Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1995 2000 2005 2010
$53$47
$111
$42$36
$86
Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)
0%2%4%6%8%10%12%
1995 2000 2005 2010
% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health
2%98%
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Viet Nam
Kiribati
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Samoa
Mongolia
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Vanuatu
Philippines
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Viet Nam
Solomon Islands
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Samoa
Philippines
Kiribati
Mongolia
Lao People's Democratic Republic
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Viet Nam
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Papua New Guinea
Mongolia
Vanuatu
Philippines
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th
Households out of pocket spending on health
General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GGE
General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %
GDP
9%43%49%
210 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
World Health Statistics 2012 tables present data on government, private, external, social security and out-of-pocket expenditures on health. These data are generated from information that has been collected by WHO since 1999. The most comprehensive and consistent data on health financing are generated from national health accounts (NHAs) that collect expenditure information within an internationally recognized framework. NHAs trace financing as it flows from funding sources to decision-makers (who decide upon the use of the funds) and then to the providers and beneficiaries of health services. Not all countries maintain or update NHAs – in such cases, data are obtained through technical contacts in the country or from publicly available documents and reports. Missing values are estimated using various accounting techniques depending upon the data available for each country.32 WHO sends all such estimates to the respective ministries of health every year for validation.
32. To obtain the latest updates, a full series or more-disaggregated health expenditures including metadata and sources, please see: http://www.who.int/nha/
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
211WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
212 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
213WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
214 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
215WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
216 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
217WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
218 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
219WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
220 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
World Health Statistics 2012 tables
221WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas
Technical documentation
Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation
Department of Health Systems FinancingHealth Systems ServicesWorl Health Organization
ISBN 978 92 4 150444 7