2002 IMECE, New Orleans The History of Engineering Radiation Heat Transfer John R. Howell The University of Texas at Austin USA

2002 IMECE,2002 IMECE,New OrleansNew Orleans

The History of Engineering The History of Engineering Radiation Heat TransferRadiation Heat Transfer

John R. HowellJohn R. Howell

The University of Texas at AustinThe University of Texas at Austin

USAUSA

2002 IMECE,New Orleans

Radiation history begins much Radiation history begins much earlier than for other modes earlier than for other modes

Experiments and observations with lightExperiments and observations with light Discovery of the IR, UV spectral regionsDiscovery of the IR, UV spectral regions Quantifying the basic phenomena (energy Quantifying the basic phenomena (energy

vs. T, wavelength, transfer among vs. T, wavelength, transfer among surfaces)surfaces)

Engineering applications of the physicsEngineering applications of the physics


Isaac Newton and the Isaac Newton and the “corpuscular theory”“corpuscular theory”

Sir Isaac Newton(1642-1727)


Huyghens disagrees with Newton, Huyghens disagrees with Newton, proposes light is made of wavesproposes light is made of waves

Christiaan Huyghens

(1629-1695)


Lambert shows the variation of Lambert shows the variation of radiation with surface angleradiation with surface angle

Johann Heinrich Lambert

(1728-1777)


Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)discovers “invisible light” discovers “invisible light”


Herschel’s Experiment uncovers Herschel’s Experiment uncovers the infrared spectrum the infrared spectrum


Nobili and Melloni provide Nobili and Melloni provide the accurate toolsthe accurate tools

Leopoldo Nobili

(1784-1835)

Macedonio Melloni

(1798-1854)


John William Draper (1811-1882) John William Draper (1811-1882) just misses the Tjust misses the T44 relation relation

(1847)(1847)

00

10 1012

20 1012

30 1012

40 1012

50 1012

60 1012

70 1012

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0

Intensity


Kirchhoff describes the relations Kirchhoff describes the relations between surface propertiesbetween surface properties

Gustav KirchhoffGustav Kirchhoff

(1824-1887)(1824-1887)

, ,


Stefan and Boltzmann find the Stefan and Boltzmann find the Fourth Power LawFourth Power Law

Josef StefanJosef Stefan1835-18931835-1893

Ludwig BoltzmannLudwig Boltzmann 1844-19061844-1906


John Ericsson’s Hot Air Engine: John Ericsson’s Hot Air Engine: after the after the MonitorMonitor

John EricssonJohn Ericsson1803-18991803-1899


James Clerk Maxwell solidifies James Clerk Maxwell solidifies EM TheoryEM Theory

James Clerk James Clerk MaxwellMaxwell

1831-18791831-1879


Lummer and Pringsheim Lummer and Pringsheim measure the Blackbody measure the Blackbody

SpectrumSpectrum

Lummer-type photometerLummer-type photometer

Ernst Pringsheim1859-1917

Otto Lummer1860-1925


Lord Rayleigh, Sir James Jeans Lord Rayleigh, Sir James Jeans and Willy Wien try to derive the and Willy Wien try to derive the

blackbody characteristicsblackbody characteristics

Rayleigh Rayleigh (1842-1919)(1842-1919)

JeansJeans(1877-1946)(1877-1946)

Wien Wien (1864-1928)(1864-1928)


Max Planck ponders the Max Planck ponders the Blackbody Spectral DistributionBlackbody Spectral Distribution

Max PlanckMax Planck1858-19471858-1947


Comparing classical approaches Comparing classical approaches with the quantum resultwith the quantum result


Hoyt Hottel initiates Engineering Hoyt Hottel initiates Engineering Radiation Heat TransferRadiation Heat Transfer

Hoyt C. HottelHoyt C. Hottel

(1903-1998)(1903-1998)


Space-related Thermal Control Space-related Thermal Control drives research on radiationdrives research on radiation


Advanced Propulsion Systems:Advanced Propulsion Systems:Solid-Core Nuclear RocketsSolid-Core Nuclear Rockets


Advanced Propulsion Systems:Advanced Propulsion Systems:Gas-Core Nuclear RocketsGas-Core Nuclear Rockets


Continued Development of Solar Continued Development of Solar Energy ApplicationsEnergy Applications


Manufacturing processes: IR-Manufacturing processes: IR-Cure-Initiated Filament WindingCure-Initiated Filament Winding

Mandrel

Computational domainthickness H

Incoming tape with velocity Vand temperature T

Infrared heatsource

R

Y

X

X = R

Tin


Applications Driving Present Applications Driving Present ResearchResearch

Advanced manufacturing methodsAdvanced manufacturing methods

semiconductor wafers, chips, circuit boards, laser- semiconductor wafers, chips, circuit boards, laser-

surface interactionssurface interactions Micro- and nanoscale interactionsMicro- and nanoscale interactions Thermal stresses in large-scale structures Thermal stresses in large-scale structures

(space station)(space station) Radiation in large fires and combustion systemsRadiation in large fires and combustion systems Radiative transfer effects at higher temperatures Radiative transfer effects at higher temperatures

utility furnaces, jet enginesutility furnaces, jet engines


Applications Driving Present Applications Driving Present Research (Cont.)Research (Cont.)

Improved spectral full-field radiative diagnostic Improved spectral full-field radiative diagnostic techniquestechniques

Continued improvement of analytical techniques Continued improvement of analytical techniques and experimental and predictive sources for and experimental and predictive sources for radiative transfer data radiative transfer data

anisotropic scattering anisotropic scattering

spectral propertiesspectral properties

Documents

2002 IMECE, New Orleans The History of Engineering Radiation Heat Transfer John R. Howell The University of Texas at Austin USA