2010 Chp1 Notes First Humans

8/8/2019 2010 Chp1 Notes First Humans

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PrehistoryPrehistoryThe time before

the written word.


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How do weHow do we

find our past?find our past?


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How do weHow do we

find our past?find our past?


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Toumai_Skull.asf (3:28)


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Stratigraphy,

Tree Rings,

Road Cuts

Simple

Methods of

Dating


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RadioRadio--Carbon DatingCarbon Dating

determines an

objects ageby measuring

the amount of

C-14


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AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry)AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry)

Anothername for Radio-Carbon

Dating

Used for samples that are far tinier than thatneeded for standard radiocarbon dating

InAMS dating, researchers use an accelerator-

based mass spectrometer to count all the C14atoms, rather than just those atoms which are

decaying.


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BloodMoleculesBloodMolecules

May survive

Millions of years

and yield DNAinformation


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Thermo luminescence datingThermo luminescence dating

determines an objects ageby measuring the lightlight

given off by electronsgiven off by electrons

trapped in thetrapped in thesurrounding soilsurrounding soil


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David Duez

August Date

WH Period ___

The time before the written word.

1. Stratigraphy

2. Tree Cuts

3. Road Cuts

Prehistory

How do we find our

past?

Simple Methods ofDating:

Topic: Chapter 1 The First Humans


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Early HominidsEarly Hominids


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Hominids:Hominids:Having Human

Characteristics


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The study of pastsocietiesthrough an

analysis of theitems people leftbehind them

ArchaeologyArchaeology


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ArtifactsArtifacts tools,

pottery,paintings,weapons,buildings &household

items leftbehind by

early people


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A remnant or impression of an organismfrom a past geologic age that has been

preserved in the earths crust


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Mary

Leakey

Louis

LeakeyPAGE 18


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Most of the Oldest Hominid RemainsMost of the Oldest Hominid Remains

Found inFound in

OlduvaiGorgeEastAfrica


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Australopithicus

footprints

Laetoli site (left),

Mary

Leakeydiscovered Homo

fossils that were more

than 3.75 million-

years-old.


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Laetoli Footprints Video


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Their son Richard Leakey discovers an

Australopithicus skull


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Leakey Legacy

Theories on prehistoryand early man

constantly change asnew evidence comes to

light.-Richard Leakey


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NewsweekJuly 22, 2002


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Australopithecus First

upright

hominid

southern apessouthern apes


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Australopithecus


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Video - Lucys Discovery: 4:30


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AustralopithecusAustralopithecusAustralopithecusAustralopithecusDiscovered byDonald Johanson

3-4 million years old


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Lucy: Johansson's girlfriend suggested the name after the Beatlessong that played on the radio most of the day during the discovery.


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What Lucy Looked LikeWhat Lucy Looked Like


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Lucy Exhibit Came to

Houston in 2007


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Australopithecus_Afarensis.asf

H tH t


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Homo erectusHomo erectus

uprighthuman being,

a species that emerged around 1.5million years ago;2nd stage of early human development

Learned to use fireLearned to use fire

to keep warm into keep warm incolderareascolderareas


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Homo sapiensHomo sapienswise human being

a species thatemerged around

250,000 yearsago;

3rd

stage in humandevelopment


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Homo sapiensHomo sapienssapienssapiens

wise, wise humanbeing

a species that

appeared in Africabetween 150,000 &200,000 years ago

1stanatomically modernhumans

WE BELONG TO THIS GROUPTODAY.


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from the Greek for Old Stone

the early period of human

history, fromapproximately 2.5 million

to 10,000 B.C., humansused simple stone tools

PaleolithicAgePaleolithicAge


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Technology


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Drawbacks to Hunting & GatheringDrawbacks to Hunting & Gathering

1. Food sources dry up

2. No storage3. Isolation

4. Short lifespan


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Major advancesMajor advances

Mastery of fire

Language


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Section 2:

NeolithicNeolithicRevolutionRevolution

& Rise of& Rise of

CivilizationsCivilizations


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Pottery

Improvedtools (metal

working)

NewNew

TechnologyTechnology


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Marked a new level of

human control over

their environment

Use ofMetalsUse ofMetals


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THE

END


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Rise of Villages

6 h t i ti f6 h t i ti f


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6characteristics of6characteristics ofCivilizationsCivilizations

1. Cities

2. Government

3. Religion

4. Social structure

5. Art

6. Writing


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NeolithicAgeNeolithicAge

Development of CitiesMastered the art of

farmingMore complex societies

Created armies & built

walled cities


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HighPoint ofNeolithicAgeHighPoint ofNeolithicAge

CatalHuyuk, located in

modern-dayTurkey,high point from 6700 to5700 B.C.

Mud brick houses

E li tE li t


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EarliestEarliest

WritingWriting

Cuneiforms


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Food surpluses made it

possible for people to dothings other than

farmingArtisansArtisans a skilled

craftsperson who makesproducts such as weapons &

jewelry


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scribesscribes

E d f h


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End of the

Neolithic Age

Copper, thenBronze tools led to

the Bronze Age


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Between 4000 & 3000 B.C.

The use of metals markeda new level of humancontrol over theenvironment & itsresources

End of the Neolithic Age


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Bronze Sword

E Q tiE Q ti


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Essay QuestionsEssay Questions

1. Describe some of thedramatic changes that

took place during the

Neolithic Revolutionand the consequences.

E Q tiE Q ti


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Essay QuestionsEssay Questions

2. Explain how theroles of men and

women changed from

the Paleolithic Age tothe Neolithic Age.

Documents

2010 Chp1 Notes First Humans