20121231 Composite Elevated Tank - Specification

8/12/2019 20121231 Composite Elevated Tank - Specification

1/21

Section 13210

COMPOSITE ELEVATED WATER STORAGE TANK

Note to Contract SpecifierSpecification clauses requiring revision or insert are high lighted and underlined.

Specification notes are high lighted and italicized. Contact Landmark for technical assistance

with project specific modifications and appurtenances not listed - phone 8! "#$ 8888 or emailinfo%teamlandmark.com.

PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 Su!"#

A Work Included

This section includes the design, construction, testing, and commissioning of a Compositeelevated tank and related work including foundations, mechanical, and appurtenances.

B Related Documents

Drawings and the general provisions of this document, including eneral Conditions,!upplemental Conditions, !pecial "rovisions and other Division # !ections appl$ to workin this section.

C Related !ections

!ection %&&%% Concrete!ection %''%% Coatings!ection #(%%% )lectrical

&& Spec Note ' add or revise Sections as required.

1.02 Re$e"ence%

The latest version of the following !pecifications, Codes and !tandards are referenced inthis section.

ACI ##* !tandard Tolerances for Concrete Construction and +aterialsACI &% uide for +easuring, +i-ing, Transporting and "lacing ConcreteACI &% /ot Weather ConcretingACI &%( Cold Weather Concreting

ACI Building Code Re1uirements for !tructural ConcreteACI &* uide to 2ormwork for ConcreteAI!C !&& !pecification for !tructural !teel BuildingsA3!I B#(. "ipe 2langes and 2langed 2ittingsA3!I A!C) * +inimum Design 4oads for Buildings and 5ther !tructuresA"I (% Welded !teel Tanks for 5il !torageA!T+ A #6& 7inc Coatings on Iron and !teel "roductsA!T+ A 6% !tainless !teel "late, !heet and !trip for "ressure 8essels

December 31, 2012 13210 - 1 Composite Elevated Water Storage Tank
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


2/21

A!T+ A 60 "ressure 8essel "lates, Car9on !teelA!T+ A ** Welded !tainless !teel 2ittingsA!T+ A **0 Welded !tainless !teel Tu9ular "roductsAWWA D#%% Welded !teel Tanks for Water !torageAWWA D#%6 Coating !teel Water !torage TanksAWWA C(6 Disinfection of Water !torage 2acilities2AA *%:*(%;#/ 59struction +arking and 4ighting3AC) R"%#*0

32"A 3)C 3ational )lectric Code32"A *0% !tandard for the Installation of 4ightning "rotection !$stems3!2 (# !tandard for Drinking Water !$stem Components5!/A 6' C2R "art #'6( !afet$ and /ealth Regulations for Construction!!"C 8I!;0' 8isual !tandard for A9rasive Blast Cleaned !teel

1.03 S#%te De%c"i&tion

A )levated Tank

The Composite elevated tank shall consist of the following< foundation, reinforcedconcrete support structure and a welded steel water tank. The support structure shalle-tend verticall$ from the foundation as a circular concrete wall. A concrete sla9 shall 9eprovided as structural support for the steel tank within the perimeter of the wall. Areinforced concrete ring 9eam shall 9e provided to connect the steel tank, concrete domeand concrete support wall. The elevated tank shall 9e in accordance with the shape,dimensions and details re1uired 9$ these specifications and drawings.

B 5perating "arameters

+inimum capacit$ within operating range gallon+a-imum operating range ft+a-imum fill rate gpm

)levation ; overflow:top capacit$ level ft; grade sla9 ft; final ground ft

!upport wall diameter =:; 6 ft

&& Spec Note ' contact Landmark for tank sizing information&&

C eneral Design !tandards

!tructural design of the elevated storage tank shall conform to the following designstandards e-cept as modified 9$ this section.

2oundations and !upport !tructure ACI and A!C) *Composite Tank AWWA D#%*

D Design 4oads

Design loads shall 9e in accordance with A!C) * for Categor$ I8 >essential facilit$?structure.



3/21

#. Dead load shall 9e the estimated weight of all permanent construction.

6. Water load shall 9e the weight of water when the tank is filled to overflow.

&. Roof live load in addition to snow load< none.

. Roof snow load shall 9e the larger of # psf. or the snow load determined inaccordance with A!C) *. round snow load shall 9e determined from 2igure *;# in

A!C) *.

. Wind loads shall 9e in accordance with A!C) * for wind e-posure categor$ C, and9asic wind speed of '% mph. >see 2igure (;# in A!C) *?

&& Spec Note ' (asic wind speed will increase for hurricane coastal regions&&

(. /ori@ontal and vertical seismic loads shall 9e in accordance with A!C) * and the !iteClass as determined in the soil investigation report.

Importance factor I #.%.

Response +odification Coefficient R &.% in accordance with A!C) *

) Com9ination of 4oads

The effect of com9ination of loads shall 9e considered in accordance with the following.

#.D = #.(2 = #.(>4=!?#.6D = #.62 = 4 = %.! = #.(W#.6D = #.62 = 4= )%.'D = #.(W

%.'D = 2 = )

D )ffect of dead load.2 )ffect of water load.) )ffect of hori@ontal and vertical seismic load.4 )ffect of interior or roof live load.! )ffect of roof snow load.W )ffect of wind load.

2 2oundation Design

The foundations shall 9e designed 9$ the Contractor to safel$ support the structure 9asedon the recommendations of the geotechnical report. 2oundations shall 9e si@ed inaccordance with AWWA D#%*, !ection *, 2oundations.

1.0' Su(itt!)%



4/21

A !u9mit the following with the proposal

A eneral

The steel tank shall 9e all welded construction and shall 9e designed in accordance withAWWA D#%*, !ection , K!teel Tank. The re1uired capacit$ and dimensions of the tankare noted on the drawings and in this section of the specifications. All e-posed lap ointsshall 9e full$ seal welded on 9oth sides.

B "late Thickness



10/21

All mem9ers shall 9e designed to safel$ withstand the ma-imum stress to which the$ ma$9e su9ected during erection and operation. The minimum thickness of an$ steel plateshall 9e #: in., e-cept that plate used as a mem9rane over the structural concrete floorshall have a minimum thickness of #: in.

C Roof !upport

All structural mem9ers supporting the roof of the steel tank shall 9e flat 9ar or sealeds1uare tu9ular sections. I;9eams or other sections with hori@ontal proections ma$ 9eused if the nominal depth is #% in. or greater. !upport 9eams shall 9e seal welded to theunderside of the roof plate along the entire length of the 9eam.

D Cone

Conical sections of the tank that support water shall 9e designed in accordance withAWWA D#%*, !ection , K!teel Tank.

2.0, A&&u"ten!nce% !n Acce%%o"ie%

A eneral

Accessories shall compl$ with the minimum re1uirements of the !pecifications, Codes and!tandards listed in #.%6, and the operating re1uirements of the structure.

B 4adder Access

4adders shall 9e provided from the sla9 on grade inside the 9ase of the support wall to theupper walkwa$ platform located 9elow the tank floor. The tank floor manhole shall 9e

provided with ladder access from the upper platform. A ladder shall e-tend from theupper platform, through the access tu9e interior to the roof. A ladder mounted on theaccess tu9e e-terior shall 9e provided for access to the tank interior, e-tending from theroof manhole to the tank floor.

4adders that terminate at platforms or landings shall e-tend a minimum of 0 in. a9ove theplatform elevations. A safet$ e-tension shall 9e provided at the top of the ladder underhatch>s?. The safet$ e-tension shall 9e a 4adder p !afet$ "ost as manufactured 9$ Bilcoor e1ual. The post shall e-tend 6;inches a9ove the top of the ladder and 9e constructedof hot dip galvani@ed steel. +ounting hardware shall 9e galvani@ed.

4adders located in the concrete support structure and access tu9e interior shall 9egalvani@ed steel. Tank interior ladders shall 9e coated in accordance with the tank interior

coating s$stem.4adder side rails shall 9e a minimum &:0 in. 9$ 6 in. with a #( in. clear spacing. Rungsshall 9e minimum &: in. diameter, spaced at #6 in. centers and plug welded into holesdrilled in the side rails. Tank interior ladders shall 9e provided with # in. diameter rungsand #:6 in. - 6 in. side rails and shall 9e full$ seal welded.

4adder shall 9e secured to the adacent structure 9$ 9rackets located at intervals note-ceeding #% ft. Brackets shall 9e of sufficient length to provide a minimum distance of *



11/21

in. from the center of rung to the nearest permanent o9ect 9ehind the ladder. 4adder9rackets located on the access tu9e e-terior shall 9e reinforced at the access tu9e shell sothat potential ice damage is confined to the ladder and 9racket and not the access tu9eshell.

C !afe Clim9ing Device

/igh strength aluminum, rigid rail safe clim9ing devices shall 9e provided on all ladders.

Rails shall 9e center mounted and e-tend from & ft. a9ove the ladder 9ottom to the top ofthe ladder section. +ounting 9rackets, fasteners and splice 9ars shall 9e provided asre1uired for a rigid installation.

Three trolle$s with snap hooks shall 9e provided that are designed to 9e operated with thealuminum rail. A safet$ 9od$ harness with front and side rings shall 9e supplied for eachtrolle$.

A caution sign shall 9e provided at the lowest point of access to the ladder re1uiring safeclim9ing devices. The sign shall read KCATI53 L !afet$ )1uipment Re1uired WhenClim9ing 4adder K. The sign shall 9e secured to the wall.

D Rest "latforms

Rest platforms shall 9e provided at ma-imum % ft. intervals along the support wall ladder."latforms shall 9e minimum & ft. 9$ ft. and complete with handrails, mid rails and toeplates in accordance with 5!/A re1uirements. rating shall 9e used for the walkingsurface and shall 9e suita9l$ hinged at the ladder penetration. "latforms shall 9e arrangedfor straight run ladder and opera9le without removing fall prevention e1uipment. Allcomponents shall 9e galvani@ed steel.

) "latforms

A ft. wide upper walkwa$ platform shall 9e located at the top of the support wall toprovide access from the support wall ladder to the roof access ladder located on theinterior of the access tu9e. "latforms shall 9e provided with handrails, mid rails and toeplates in accordance with 5!/A re1uirements. rating shall 9e used for the walkingsurface. All components shall 9e galvani@ed steel.

2 !upport Wall Doors

#. "ersonnel Door ; Door frames shall 9e #(;gauge with concealed reinforcement athardware locations. )-pansion t$pe anchors for e-isting openings shall 9e installednear the top, 9ottom and intermediate point of each am9 to rigidl$ secure the frame.Doors shall 9e # &: in. thick insulated, reinforced, full, flush t$pe with #0;gauge face

sheets and concealed reinforcement at hardware locations. All edges shall 9e finishedflush with watertight seams. !hop applied finish for the frame and door shall 9e 9akedon rust inhi9itive primer. 2ield finish shall 9e compati9le with the tank e-terior.!tandard hardware shall 9e stainless steel and include three #:6 in. 9$ #:6 in.hinges, industrial dut$ closer and lockset.

Huantit$ and location of personnel door>s? shall 9e as shown on the drawings.



12/21

6. 5verhead 8ehicle Door ; Door installation shall 9e on the interior face of the supportwall. The door frame shall 9e a steel plate fa9rication suita9l$ detailed, fastened andreinforced to accept the door. 5peration shall 9e manual with a chain hoist. Thecurtain shall 9e formed of 66;gauge steel interlocking slats with end locks and windlocks designed for a wind loading of 6% psf. Torsion springs shall 9e mounted on asolid torsion rod, which is attached to an e-terior mounted spring tension adustmentwheel. A 6;gauge steel hood shall 9e provided with a weather seal to protect theassem9l$. !teel 9rackets shall 9e installed to the interior face of the wall with

e-pansion anchors which enclose and support the counter9alance assem9l$ with sealed9earings. !teel curtain guides are mounted to the 9rackets. The curtain, 9ottom 9ar,9rackets, guides, hood, pipe and chain shall 9e galvani@ed. "rovide with lockingdevice.

!i@e, 1uantit$ and location of vehicle door>s? shall 9e as shown on the drawings.

Tank 5penings

#. 2loor ; "rovide a &% in. diameter manhole through the tank floor. The manhole shall9e opera9le from a ladder located on the upper platform and shall 9e designed towithstand the pressure of the tank contents without leakage. The manhole assem9l$shall include a stainless steel hand wheel operator and threaded components.

6. Roof ; "rovide two &% in. s1uare weather proof access hatches on the roof of the tank.5ne hatch shall allow egress from the access tu9e to the roof. The second hatch,located adacent to the first, shall allow access to the interior of the tank via the laddermounted on the e-terior of the access tu9e. The opening shall have a minimum in.cur9. "rovide aluminum covers with a 6 in. down turned edge, stainless steelhardware, hold open arm and a locking mechanism.

/ Access Tu9e

"rovide a minimum 0 in. diameter centrall$ located access tu9e through the steel tank to

provide access to the tank roof from the upper walkwa$ platform. The access tu9e shallincorporate a 6 in. 9$ 6 in. channel to collect condensation that ma$ form on the interiorsurface. A fle-i9le &: in. "8C hose complete with 9ackflow preventer shall drain thechannel to the overflow pipe.

I Roof Railing

A 6 in. high roof handrail shall 9e provided to enclose all centrall$ located roofaccessories. The roof railing shall 9e a minimum of #0 ft. in diameter.

M Rigging Access

"rovide a 6 in. - &( in. opening at the top of the support wall. This opening shall 9e

accessi9le from a platform and shall provide access to the e-terior rigging rail located atthe tank:support wall intersection. The access opening shall 9e provided with a hingedstainless steel cover or a remova9le vent in accordance with 6.%(.+.6.

A minimum 6 in. diameter opening shall 9e provided on the tank roof to provide accessto the tank interior rigging rail.

N Rigging Rails



13/21

"rovide permanentl$ installed rigging rails suita9le for rolling trolle$s at the interior of thetank at the wall:roof and access tu9e:roof connections. "rovide an e-terior rigging rail atthe 9ase of the tank adacent to the support structure.

4 "iping

#. Inlet:5utlet "ipe ; "rovide a inch diameter inlet:outlet pipe that e-tends fromthe 9ase of the support structure to the tank floor elevation. "rovide a minimum ( in.high remova9le silt stop where the inlet:outlet pipe enters the tank. The 9ottom

capacit$ level of the tankOs operating range shall 9e at or a9ove the elevation of the topof the silt stop. "ipe material within the support structure shall 9e !chedule #%! T$pe&%4 stainless steel. "iping 9elow the grade sla9 shall 9e flanged cement lined ductileiron suita9l$ restrained to prevent movement.

The inlet:outlet pipe shall 9e designed to support all related static and d$namic loads.!uita9le galvani@ed steel 9rackets, guides and hangers shall 9e provided on the supportwall and tank floor at intervals not e-ceeding 6% feet.

The inlet:outlet pipe shall 9e designed and constructed to accommodate an$differential movement caused 9$ settlement and 9$ thermal e-pansion and contractionover the range of e-treme temperature differences e-pected for the support wall andpipe. The re1uired fle-i9ilit$ shall 9e provided 9$ an e-pansion oint located neargrade in the vertical section of pipe.

6. 5verflow "ipe ; "rovide a inch diameter overflow. The top of the overflowshall 9e located within the tank at the overflow elevation. It shall run verticall$ 9esidethe central access tu9e and e-tend through the tank floor, at which point it shall turn'%P and run under the tank floor to the support wall. This hori@ontal run shall 9esloped to drain. The pipe shall then turn '%P and run verticall$ 9eside the support wallto grade. A 9ase el9ow shall direct the overflow through the support wall, where thepipe shall 9e terminated with a flap valve. "ipe material within the support structureshall 9e T$pe &%4 >minimum ## gauge? stainless steel. If the top of overflow islocated a9ove top capacit$ level, the tank shall 9e designed for the additional capacit$

provided 9$ the difference.

The entrance to the overflow pipe shall 9e designed for the ma-imum inlet flow ratespecified in #.%&B. The design shall 9e 9ased on the water level cresting within ( in.a9ove the overflow elevation. A conical weir shall 9e provided if the entrance capacit$of the overflow pipe diameter is not ade1uate. A vorte- prevention device shall 9eused.

The overflow shall 9e designed to support all related static and d$namic loads.!uita9le galvani@ed steel 9rackets, guides and hangers shall 9e provided on the supportwall and tank floor at intervals not e-ceeding 6% ft. The overflow pipe and weirsection within the tank shall 9e car9on steel and supported 9$ the central access tu9e.

The overflow pipe shall 9e designed and constructed to accommodate an$ differentialmovement caused 9$ settlement and 9$ thermal e-pansion and contraction over therange of e-treme temperature differences e-pected for the support wall and pipe. Ala$out with sufficient upper offset to accommodate differential movement isaccepta9le. If this method is not applica9le, the re1uired fle-i9ilit$ shall 9e provided9$ an e-pansion oint located near grade in the vertical section of pipe.



14/21

The overflow pipe shall penetrate the support wall appro-imatel$ # ft. a9ove gradeand discharge through a flap valve onto a ft. wide - # ft. concrete splash pad.

&. !tainless !teel Re1uirements ; "ipe and fittings shall 9e T$pe &%4 stainless steelfa9ricated from material meeting the re1uirements of A!T+ A;6%. 2a9rication,inspection, testing, marking and certification of pipe and fittings shall 9e in accordancewith A!T+ A;**0 and A;** respectivel$. All fittings less than #0 inches shall 9esmooth flow, fittings larger than #0 inches ma$ 9e of five section mitre construction.

Backing flanges shall 9e in accordance with A!T+ A60;C drilled to A3!I B#(.Class #%. "ipe, fittings and welds shall 9e cleaned and passivated.

"ipe, fittings and flange thickness shall 9e in accordance with the manufacturerscertified pressure rating for the applica9le service pressures. The design pressure ratingshall 9e minimum #6 psi for piping located within closed or valve sections.

. Tank Drain L A tank drain shall 9e provided to completel$ drain the tank contents ifthe inlet:outlet pipe does not intersect the low point of the tank. A four inch drain pipelocated at the low point of the tank floor shall 9e fitted with a threaded plug and teehandle.

+ 8entilation#. Tank 8entilation ; A tank vent shall 9e provided, located centrall$ on the tank roof

a9ove the ma-imum weir crest elevation. It shall consist of stainless steel or aluminumcomponents, including a support frame, screened area and cap. The support shall 9efastened to a flanged opening in the tank roof. The vent cap shall 9e provided withsufficient overhang to prevent the entrance of wind driven de9ris and precipitation. Aminimum of in. shall 9e provided 9etween the roof surface and the vent cap.

The tank vent shall have an intake and relief capacit$ si@ed to prevent e-cessivepressure differential during the ma-imum flow rate of water, either entering or leavingthe tank. The overflow pipe will not 9e considered as a vent. The ma-imum flow rate

of water entering the tank is specified in #.%&B. The ma-imum flow rate of watere-iting the tank shall 9e calculated assuming a 9reak in the inlet:outlet at grade whenthe tank is full. The vent shall 9e provided with an insect screen. 8ent capacit$ shall9e determined 9ased on open area provided 9$ the screen.

In addition to the tank vent, a pressure:vacuum relief mechanism shall 9e provided thatwill operate in the event of vent failure. The mechanism shall 9e designed to returnautomaticall$ to its original position after operation. The pressure:vacuum reliefmechanism shall 9e located on the tank roof a9ove the ma-imum weir crest elevation,and ma$ 9e incorporated in the vent assem9l$.

6. !upport !tructure 8entilation ; 8entilation within the support structure shall compl$

with the governing 9uilding code re1uirements, 9ased on occupanc$ classification. Asa minimum, one louvered vent shall 9e provided at the top of the support wall. Thisvent shall 9e accessi9le from the upper platform and ma$ also 9e designed to provideaccess to the e-terior rigging rails located at the tank:support wall intersection. 8entsshall 9e accessi9le from the interior ladders, platforms or floors provided. 8ents shall9e stainless steel or aluminum and provided with a remova9le insect screen.

3 Interior 2loors



15/21

#. !la9 on rade ; "rovide a ( in. thick, &%% psi concrete floor sla9 in the 9ase of thesupport structure. The sla9 shall 9e supported on compacted granular fill and shall 9ereinforced with Q reinforcing steel at #6 in. centers each wa$. "rovide #:6 in.e-pansion oint 9etween floor sla9 and support wall and at pipes and supports thate-tend through the floor. "lace cap strip and sealant over the e-pansion oint. Thesla9 shall 9e sloped at %.J toward the truck door for drainage.

*. Structural +loor ' ,rovide a composite construction structural floor located

ft. a(ove the sla( on grade. he design shall compl) with the applica(lerequirements of /SC S##0. /t shall (e designed for a minimum uniform live load of*0 psf. he floor shall consist of a concrete sla( supported () a galvanized formedsteel deck and galvanized steel girders.

he structural floor shall (e a clear span design supported entirel) () the concretesupport wall. ll loads transferred from the structural floor to the support wall shall(e considered in the design. he wall shall (e strengthened as required in the vicinit)of connections causing point load or eccentric conditions. Loads transferred fromthe structural floors to the foundation shall (e considered in the design of thefoundation.

1nless structural floor and supports are isolated from the wall2 loads on the wallcaused () thermal stresses in these mem(ers shall (e considered. n anal)sis of thelateral loading condition shall (e performed and the wall strengthened accordingl).

,rovide a galvanized steel access stairwa) adjacent to the support wall. ccessopenings through the structural floor shall (e protected with "* in. high galvanizedsteel handrails.

5 4evel +onitoring

#. eneral ; "rovide three &: in. couplings welded to the inlet:outlet pipe ft. a9ovegrade. )ach coupling shall 9e provided with a stainless steel nipple and an isolationvalve.

6. "ressure auge ; "rovide a pressure gauge in accordance with A!+) B%.# rade6A. The dial shall 9e #:6 in. diameter with 9lack markings on white 9ackground."ressure range is %;#%% psi.

" 4ightning "rotection

"rovide a lightning protection s$stem for the elevated tank structure and an$ roof

mounted e1uipment that ma$ 9e damaged 9$ lightning.+inimum re1uirements include two 60 strand 9$ # gauge copper conductors 9onded tothe steel tank #0% degrees apart. The conductors shall 9e fastened to the interior supportwall at & foot minimum spacing, and shall terminate with 9uried :0 inch diameter 9$ 0foot long copper clad ground rods.

4ightning protection for o9struction lights shall consist of an air terminal mounted on thesupport and formed to fit around the fi-ture. The #:6 inch diameter copper air terminal



16/21

shall e-tend a minimum of #% inches a9ove the light fi-ture and shall connect to a copperconductor that terminates in a 9onding plate secured to the tank roof.

2.0 E)ect"ic!) !n Li/7tin/

)lectrical work shall 9e in accordance with Division #(

34(struction lighting shall (e provided in accordance with + standards. he

o(struction light shall (e centrall) located on the roof of the tank a(ove all permanentinstallations. /t shall (e a stead) (urning2 dual fi5ture t)pe with a lamp-out rela) switch.he fi5ture shall (e weather sealed2 corrosion resistant2 with aluminum (ase andhousing. 6ed glo(es with 7-watt clear traffic signal lamps rated at 8 hour lifeshall (e provided. pilot light located near the electrical panel shall (e provided toindicate when the primar) (ul( has failed.9

&& Spec note ' remove ,aragraph * if o(struction lighting not required&&

2.05 Stee) T!n> P!intin/

Refer to !ection %''%% for tank coatings. alvani@ed, stainless steel and concretesurfaces are not coated.

2.08 Sou"ce +u!)it# Cont"o)

A Tests

Review mill test certifications of all steel plate, structural components and reinforcementto ensure compliance with specification re1uirements.

B Inspections

"rovide inspection of shop fa9ricated components in accordance with AWWA D#%*,!ection ', KInspection and Testing.

PART 3 : E?EC;TION

3.01


17/21

2or shallow foundations, reinforcement placed adacent to a concrete working sla9 shallhave a 6 in. minimum cover, and shall 9e supported 9$ precast concrete 9lock, metal orplastic 9ar supports.

The sides of foundations shall 9e formed using an$ suita9le s$stem conforming to ACI. )arth cuts shall not 9e used as forms for vertical surfaces. 2orms shall 9e providedon top sloping surfaces steeper than 6. hori@ontal to # vertical. !traight form panels ma$9e used to form circular foundation shapes. The minimum design radius shall 9emaintained at all sections.

C 2inish

2ormed surfaces shall have a smooth form finish when e-posed and a rough form finishwhen not e-posed.

nformed surfaces shall have a troweled finish when e-posed and floated finish when note-posed.

3.02 Conc"ete Su&&o"t St"uctu"e

A Architectural Concrete Construction

The e-posed e-terior surface of the concrete support wall is designated architecturalconcrete. The concrete and formwork re1uirements of this section shall 9e strictl$enforced to ensure concrete of the highest practica9le architectural standard. 2ormworkdesign, installation and removal shall compl$ with the minimum re1uirements of ACI ,ACI ##* and the applica9le re1uirements of ACI &*, e-cept as modified 9$ this !ection.

Attention shall 9e given to ensure the same concrete design mi- is used throughout thesupport wall. The proportion, t$pe and source of cement and aggregates shall not 9echanged. niform moisture content and placing consistenc$ shall 9e maintained.

"lacement is crucial to achieving architectural concrete. All wall concrete shall 9e placed

verticall$ and directl$ inside the reinforcement cage with drop chutes to prevent formsplatter and the resulting surface finish variations. "lacement methods that introduceconcrete hori@ontall$ through wall reinforcement are strictl$ prohi9ited.

!upport wall reinforcement shall 9e installed with plastic supports. +a-imum spacing ofsupports for welded wire fa9ric shall 9e ft. centers, hori@ontal and verticall$. 2ormings$stems shall 9e designed with the provision of ties and 9racing such that concretecomponents conform to the correct dimensions, shape, alignment and elevation.)m9edded items shall 9e properl$ positioned and secured. 2orm surfaces shall 9ethoroughl$ cleaned of concrete residue and coated with a release agent prior to placingreinforcement. Do not allow e-cessive release agent to accumulate on the form surface.!teel forms shall 9e coated with a non;staining, rust preventative form oil or otherwise

protected. !teel formwork with rust stains and damaged surfaces shall not 9e used.

!upport wall concreting shall incorporate segmented placement procedures. Temporar$vertical 9ulkheads shall divide the wall pour into segments corresponding to a singletruckload of concrete. The 9ulkheads shall 9e located at rustications, 9raced rigid and tightto maintain vertical alignment under concrete load. Wall segment concrete shall 9e placedverticall$ and continuousl$ to full form height from a single truck load of concrete.8ertical pour rate shall 9e a minimum of # feet per hour ."lacement from multiple loads is



18/21

not permitted. Temporar$ 9ulkheads shall not 9e removed until adacent concrete isplaced.

The forming s$stem for the pedestal wall shall 9e full$ engineered and detailed withprocedures to meet the increased demands of architectural concrete. The support wallshall 9e constructed with a ump form process using form segments prefa9ricated to matchthe wall curvature. Concrete pour height shall 9e a minimum of ( ft. and a ma-imum of#% ft. 2orm panels shall 9e designed for lateral pressures associated with full height plastic

concrete head and eccentric loads resulting from the segmented wall pour procedure.

2orm panels shall e-tend the full height of the concrete pour using onl$ vertical paneloints. 2orm s$stem shall 9e designed to lap and 9e secured to the previous wall pour. Thespace 9etween the form and the previous pour shall 9e sealed to prevent grout leakage.Wall forms shall incorporate a positive means of adustment to maintain dimensionaltolerances specified. Wall forms shall 9e adusted for vertical plum9 and circularit$ andlocked into position with through wall form ties prior to concrete placement. Workingplatforms that allow safe access for inspection and concrete placement shall 9e provided.2orm surfaces shall 9e steel, plastic or fi9erglass coated material.

The form s$stem shall incorporate a uniform pattern of vertical and hori@ontal rusticationsto provide architectural relief to the e-terior wall surface. Rustication strips shall 9e sealedto the form face to eliminate the grout leakage that results in 9roken corners, colorvariations and rock pockets. Broken edges and chamfers will not 9e accepted. Allconstruction oints and panel oints shall 9e located in rustications. 8ertical panel ointsshall 9e sealed using closures which com9ine with the form pattern to eliminate groutleakage and panel oint lines. All oints shall 9e grout tight. The vertical and hori@ontalrustications shall 9e proportioned and com9ined to impart a s$mmetrical architecturalpattern to the completed structure. 2orm ties shall 9e located in a uniform pattern. 3oarchitectural form treatment is re1uired on the interior surface.

Wall forms shall not 9e distur9ed or removed until the concrete has attained sufficientstrength to prevent forming operations or environmental loads from causing surfacedamage or e-cessive stress. !upport wall concreting operations shall occur a ma-imum ofonce per da$. 2orms are to 9e removed and the concrete finish inspected prior to thesu9se1uent placement of the ne-t wall pour. +ultiple form movements and concreteplacements within a da$ are not permitted 2orm removal shall 9e 9ased on earl$ ageconcrete strength testing. The minimum concrete strength shall 9e esta9lished 9$ theContractor, 9ased on an anal$sis of stress at critical stages throughout the forming andconcrete operations. )arl$ age concrete testing shall 9e in accordance with ACI 660.#R;'. "ull 5ut testing in accordance with A!T+ C '%%;'', +aturit$ +ethod testing inaccordance with A!T+ C #%*;'&, or field cured c$linders compressive strength tested inaccordance with A!T+ C #*6 are the accepta9le methods to determine earl$ concrete

strength.

The structural floor s$stem shall 9e designed to support all temporar$ construction loads.Ade1uate shoring and 9racing shall 9e provided to transfer loads without apprecia9lemovements. !horing and forms for the structural dome sla9 shall remain in place until theconcrete has gained sufficient strength to carr$ the floor weight without damagingdeflections. A s$stem of precast segments, concreted and structurall$ tied together can 9eused in lieu of cast in place.



19/21

In periods of cold weather as defined 9$ ACI &%(, concrete surfaces shall 9e protected inaccordance with recommendations until the component attains &J of the specifiedcompressive strength. At this time, protection ma$ 9e removed su9ect to the allowa9letemperature differential. A reasona9le temperature differential shall 9e defined, 9ased oncomponent thickness and restraint conditions.

B 2inish

"rovide a smooth form finish without ru9 for the interior and e-terior support wall. Tie

holes shall 9e plugged using grout on the interior and manufactured plugs on the e-teriorwhich match the color of the cured concrete as closel$ as possi9le. "rovide a lightsand9last to the e-posed e-terior concrete support wall surface.

C Dimensional Tolerances

!upport structure concrete construction shall conform to the following