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ISO 14001: Standard for EMS

ByProf. Seema Unnikrishnan

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Management Systems

What is MS? The movement of information within an organisation

to faci itate decision ma!ing and the efficient "se ofreso"rces#

Management Systems within an organisation:

$ %inancia & 'omm"nication ( Information& )ersonne &*"a ity& +ea th and Safety& Environmenta

MS is the means& not the goa

P2.2

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Why Standard for EMS?

,eed to demonstrate environmenta-erformance

.ardstic! to eva "ateEMS Standard ana ogo"s to *MSStandard

'ontin"o"s im-rovement )rescri-tive /asic framewor!

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ISO 14001 )roactive --roach

Review &revise as

necessary

Establish PolicyCarry out analysis of

current positionEstablish goals &

objectives

Design & implementmanagement systemto achieve aboveAu it performance of

management system !is it achieving your

goals an objectives

P"A#P"A#

D$D$

C%ECC%EC

AC'AC'

(A)'(A)'

)DE#')*+)DE#')*+

REAC'REAC'

C,REC,RE

Reactive

P2.2

Proactive Deming Model

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Evaluation &Auditing

ManagementSystems

Product orientedsupport tools

EMSspecificationISO 14001

EMS guideISO 14004

Life cycleAssessment

ISO 14040140411404

Eco la!ellingISO 140 0

140 1140 4

Auditingguidelines

ISO14010140111401

1"011

#erms & definitions ISO 140$0

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)-$ /00 1200/ )-$ /00 120

0. )ntro uction 0. )ntro uction

. -cope . -cope

2. #ormative References 2. #ormative References

3. 'erms an Definitions 3. 'erms an Definitions

/. 4eneral Re5uirements /. Conte6t of the $rgani7ation/.2 Environmental Policy . "ea ership

/.3 Planning 8. Planning

/./ )mplementation an$peration

9. -upport

/. Chec:ing ;. $perations

/.8

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2004 versus 2015

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2004 versus 2015

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4.1 Understanding the organizationand its context.

This is a new requirement: one of severalthat might suggest a greater union betweenthe EMS or IMS and wider business lanning

a!tivities"#equires organi$ations to as!ertain% monitorand review both internal and e&ternalissues that are relevant to its ur ose andstrategi! dire!tion% and have the abilit' toim a!t the management s'stem and itsintended results"

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4.2 Understanding the needs andexpectations of interested parties.

#equires the organi$ation todetermine whi!h interested

arties are relevant to the EMS%what are their relevant needsand e& e!tations% and whi!h ofthose be!ome !om lian!e (i"e"legal or regulator') obligations"

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4.3 Determining the scope of the EMS.

*etermine the boundaries anda li!abilit' of the EMS e"g" thegeogra hi!al and organi$ationalboundaries to whi!h the EMS s'stem will

a l'"This s!o e must in!lude an' a!tivities%

rodu!ts and servi!es that !an havesignifi!ant environmental as e!ts"

+ s!o e statement must be do!umentedand made available to interested arties"

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Interested )arty

Individ"a or gro"- concerned with or affected ythe environmenta -erformance of anorgani2ation# '"stomer 3overnment agencies

Em- oyees Sta!e ho ders

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Energy

ater

!aw

"aterials

S!o e of !ontrol and influen!eP .

#!O$%&TIO'

#!O&ESSES

%se bycusto(er #!O$%&T

#owerSu))ly

co()anies

Su))lier

co()anies

End oflife *

dis)osal

aterSu))ly

co()anies

NoisePackaging

Waste materials

Discharges

Sco)e of control Sco)e of influence

&ontractors + Sub*contractors

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4.4 Environmental managementsystem.

States requirement for the organi$ation toestablish% im lement% maintain and !ontinueto im rove an EMS"

This largel' re la!es the requiremente& ressed in !lause 4"1 of the reviousstandard% but adds a requirement for theorgani$ation to !onsider ,nowledge of its!onte&t when establishing and maintainingthe EMS"

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Environmenta Management

)rogramme s5)rogramme s5 to achieve a o 6ectives 7 targetssha inc "de:

8es-onsi i ity Means 7 timeframe

Means

Methodo ogy& reso"rces& e9-ertise& e "i-ment&- ant & machinery

8eview mechanism

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Environmenta Management

)rogramme s5Sha a-- y to& if a--ro-riate& new deve o-mentsand new -rod"cts& services& activities#

3"idance: Treat EM) as ction ) ans to achieve o 6ectives and

targets

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EM)

Management )rogramme ,eeds to e c ear and we ;- anned

'ontains the means y which the o 6ectives andtargets are to e achieved

Identify reso"rces re "ired

ocate res-onsi i ities for tas!s Set time;frames re "ired

P;.2

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5"1 -eadershi and !ommitment

5"1 .reater em hasis is la!ed on the role of tomanagement" #equires to management to demonstrateleadershi and !ommitment% and be a!!ountable for theeffe!tiveness of the EMS" This suggests that a more hands/on

a roa!h is e& e!ted"5"2 Environmental oli!'"

This re la!es a broadl' similar requirement in !lause 4"2of the 2004 standard" + requirement is introdu!ed that the

oli!' is a ro riate to the !onte&t of the organi$ation"

5" rgani$ational roles% res onsibilities and authorities"The requirement for a s e!ifi! management

re resentative is no longer s e!ified"

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4.2 [now 5.2]Environmental policy

To- management sha define the organi2ation

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c5 inc "des a commitment to com- y with a-- ica e

environmenta egis ation& reg" ations and otherre "irements to which the organi2ation s" scri es=

d5 -rovides the framewor! for setting and reviewing

environmenta o 6ectives and targets=e5 is doc"mented& im- emented and maintained and

comm"nicated to a -ersons within the organi2ation=

f5 is avai a e to the -" ic#

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" 3lanning

"1 +!tions to address ris, asso!iated with threats ando ortunities"

This in!or orates the lanning requirements from !lause 4"of the 2004 standard e"g" as e!ts% im a!ts% legal and regulator'requirements" .reater em hasis is la!ed on ta,ing a ris,/baseda roa!h% !onsidering the !onte&t of the organi$ation and therequirements of relevant interested arties"

"2 Environmental ob e!tives and lanning to a!hieve them"

This is broadl' similar to the requirements of !lause 4" "b e!tives% targets and rogramme(s) in the 2004 standard"+dditional details are added for rogress towards a!hievingob e!tives to be monitored and indi!ated"

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4.3 [ now 6] Planning

4.3.1 Environmental aspects The organi2ation sha esta ish and maintain a5-roced"re s5 to:

identify the environmenta as-ects of its activities&-rod"cts and services within the defined sco-e of theenvironmenta management system ta!ing into acco"nt

- anned or new deve o-ments or new or modifiedactivities& -rod"cts and services5 that it can contro andthose over which it can e e9-ected to have aninf "ence= and

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Environmenta Im-acts

ny change to environment& adverse oreneficia & d"e to organi2ation

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Environmenta s-ects

E ements of organi2ation

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Environmenta s-ects

ISO14001 re "irements )roced"re to identify environmenta as-ects

'onsider a as-ects "nder contro and inf "ence direct and indirect5

>etermine those which have or can have a

significant im-act 'onsider significant as-ects when setting o 6ectives ee- the information "-;to;date ongoing -rocess5

P .

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Significant s-ects

,o a so "te re "irementsOrgani2ation to decide significance)rocess high y organi2ation s-ecific

"ditors of certifying agency to chec! on y theconsistency in a--roach

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Significance of s-ects

What ma!es an as-ect significant? ct"a and -otentia reg" atory contro

Environmenta )o icy /"siness e9-os"re ; cost& -" ic image& c ient

concern& ca"se wor! to sto-

Sca e and severity of environmenta im-act e#g#oca & regiona or g o a in sco-e5

@iews of sta!eho ders and interested -arties

P .3

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Aega 7 Other 8e "irements

$rgani7ation

Central -tate

"ocal

P8.

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8eg" atory Iss"es

Air> water anlan pollution

#oise an #uisance

$ther Pro ucerresponsibility ?pac:aging

(aste

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B#C O 6ectives and - anning to achieve them

Esta ish and maintain doc"mentedenvironmenta o 6ectives and targets& at each

re evant f"nction and eve within theorgani2ation'onsistent with environmenta -o icy& inc "ding

commitment to -o "tion -revention

P9.2

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O 6ectives 7 Targets

'onsider: ega and other re "irements

significant environmenta as-ects techno ogica o-tions financia & o-erationa and "siness re "irements

views of interested -arties

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8e ationshi-

)o icy: We wi minimi2e waste generation#O 6ective: We wi red"ce and;fi waste y 1D

y end of C00?#Targets: We wi red"ce - ant waste y 10 ### recyc e - ant waste y F ###

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chieving o 6ectives and targets

EM)

What owe nee to

o@Why owe neeto o it@ When o we

nee to o it@

How will it beone@

Who will o it@

Where will it beone@

P;.2

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G# SH))O8TG#1 8eso"rces

>efine ro es& res-onsi i ities7 a"thorities

>oc"ment 7 'omm"nicate)rovide reso"rces

--oint M8

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G#C'om-etence

'om-etenceEd"cation& training& and(or e9-erienceTraining need ana ysis

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G# wareness

Ma!e -ersonne aware of Im-ortance of conforming with environmenta -o icy

Environmenta im-acts of wor! activity 'onse "ence of de-arting from s-ecified o-erating

-roced"res

Esta ish training -roced"res

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" Su ort

"4 6ommuni!ation"This !lause is !onsiderabl' reworded and e& anded fromthe equivalent !lause 4"4" in the 2004 standard"It adds requirements for the organi$ation to res ond torelevant !ommuni!ations on its EMS% and to retaindo!umented eviden!e of its !ommuni!ations" Interestingl'% there is also a new requirement to ensurethat the information !ommuni!ated is !onsistent withthat generated within the EMS% and is reliable" So% there should onl' be one version of the truth 7 and ifan environmental !ommuni!ation roves to be8unreliable9 that would resumabl' !onstitute a

non!onformit'"

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'omm"nications

Interna : etween eve s 7 f"nctions E9terna

$ )roced"re for receiving& doc"menting and res-onding tothe re "ests from interested -arties

>ecide on comm"nication on significantenvironmenta as-ects and record decision#

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"5 *o!umented information

In a !ontroversial !hange that will no doubt!onfuse man'% *o!uments;%

*o!umentation; and #e!ords; are!ombined to be!ome *o!umentedinformation;"#equirements are e& anded to mentionissues su!h as !onfidentialit'% a!!ess% and(data) integrit'" This suggests an ado tionof information se!urit' !onsiderations inre!ognition of the in!reasing use ofele!troni! do!uments

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=" erations

="1 erational lanning and !ontrol"

This !lause is !onsiderabl' reworded and e& anded

from the equivalent !lause 4"4" in the 2004 standard"It adds requirements for the organi$ation to !ontrol orinfluen!e outsour!ed wor,% and for the t' e anddegree of !ontrol a lied to be defined within theEMS"

#eferen!e is made to ta,ing a life/!'!le ers e!tivewhen determining% establishing and !ommuni!atingenvironmental requirements to e&ternal roviders"

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O-erationa 'ontro

Identify o-erations 7 activities associated withsignificant as-ects

>oc"mented -roced"re needed where a senceco" d ead to deviations from -o icy& o 6ectives 7targets

Sti-" ate o-erating criteria

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O-erationa 'ontro

'omm"nication of -roced"res and re "irementsto s"-- iers and contractors

3"idance$ na ogo"s to -rocess contro$ >iffic" t to maintain the contro s$ Monitor o-erating criteria

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="2 Emergen!' re aredness andres onse

This is broadl' similar to the requirements

of !lause 4"4" in the 2004 standard% butadds the requirement for the organi$ation tota,e a!tion to revent the o!!urren!e ofenvironmental emergen!' situations anda!!idents" + similar (but not quite sos e!ifi!) requirement was in!luded in the

reventive a!tion !lause of the 2004standard"

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Emergency )re-aredness 7

8es-onse)roced"re s5 to identify -otentia

7 res-ond to accidents 7 emergencies%oc"s on -revention 7 mitigation ofENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS)rocess for review and modificationTrain -ersonne & awareness on ro e)eriodica y test -roced"res& where needed

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Emergency )re-aredness

im to -revent environmenta damage d"e toaccident 7 emergencies

Identify -otentia accidents 7 cha ! o"t res-onseto themH-date emergency -re-aredness 7 res-onse-roced"res

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>" 3erforman!e Evaluation

>"1 Monitoring% measurement% anal'sis and evaluation"There is a new requirement for the organi$ation to

evaluate its environmental erforman!e and rovide in ut tothe management review"

There is a requirement to !ommuni!ate informationrelevant to environmental erforman!e both internall' ande&ternall'% but onl' as determined b' the organi$ation9s!ommuni!ation ro!ess and as required b' its !om lian!eobligations" So% that ma' not be a great deal for man'organi$ations"

>"2 Internal audit"This e& ands on the requirements of !lause 4"5"5 in the

2004 standard with is a new requirement that the auditrogramme or s!hedule must ta,e into a!!ount the ris,

asso!iated with threats and o ortunities"

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Monitoring and Meas"rement

ey characteristics of o-erations and activities'om- iance with environmenta egis ation andreg" ationsTrac! -erformance and conformance witho 6ectives and targets

'a i ration

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Monitoring 7 Meas"rement

)roced"re s5 to monitor7 meas"re !ey characteristics of -rocesses

7 activities(documented) record information to trac! -erformance ca i rate monitoring e "i-ment

eva "ate reg" atory com- iance(documented)

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>" Management review"

E& anded requirements for management reviewin uts 7 to !onsider !hanges in signifi!antenvironmental as e!ts and ris, asso!iated with

threats and o ortunities% and the adequa!' ofresour!es required for maintaining an effe!tiveEMS"

#equirements for out uts are e& anded 7s e!ifi!all' mentioning an' resour!e needs and

im li!ations for the strategi! dire!tion of theorgani$ation"

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Management 8eview

To- management reviews S"ita i ity

de "acy 7 Effectiveness of EMS

8eview fre "ency defined

'om-rehensive>oc"mented review (record)

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Management 8eview

ssess the need for changes in )o icy

O 6ectives 7 Other e ements of EMS

in; ine with

"dit res" ts 'hanging circ"mstances 7 'ommitment to contin"a im-rovement

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10" Im rovement

10"1 ?on!onformit' and !orre!tive a!tion"S e!ifi! referen!e to reventive a!tion is removed"The !lause now in!ludes an additional requirement to

re!ord the nature of non!onformities"n dis!overing a non!onformit'% an e& li!it

requirement is introdu!ed for the organi$ation todetermine whether other similar non!onformitiesa!tuall' e&ist% or !ould otentiall' ha en within thes!o e of the EMS"10"2 6ontinual im rovement"

There is a new requirement to !ontinuall' im rove theEMS to enhan!e environmental erforman!e"

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,onconformance ,'5 7 'orrective nd

)reventive ction ' ) 5)roced"re for hand ing 7 investigating non;conformancesMitigate any(environmental) im-acts'om- ete ' )

Modify -roced"res& as a-- ica e

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,' 7 ' )

8es-onse to non;conformances: Identify root ca"se

>etermine ' ) Im- ement actions 7 verity effectiveness