2.2 Intro to LDI System

8/22/2019 2.2 Intro to LDI System

1/23

Beyond Profiling: DataAnalysisIntroduction to the LocalDevelopment Indicators

System


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Raw data, information

Organized data, usually in the form of

tables, not much value in themselves,

require further analysis andinterpretation

Single numbers, mostly ratios, which permit

comparisons over time and space and havenormative or policy implications

Combination of indicators designed to measure

the overall condition of the object of study, etc.

CPI, GDP, GVA, HDI, etc

DATA PYRAMID


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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

Definition of Indicators

Variables used to measure progress towards

goals

Single numbers, mostly ratios, which permit

comparisons over time and space and have

normative or policy implications

Direct and unambiguous measure of progress

Concept Inputs

Approaches to Developing Indicators

Policy-related approach

Thematic approach

Systems approach


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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

Types ofIndicators

Intermediate Indicators measure the factor or

factors that determine an outcome or that

contribute to the process of achieving an outcome.Intermediate indicators may be divided into input

or output depending on the stage of the process.

Input indicators are measures of resourcessuch as funds, technology or knowledge

applied toward the achievement of goals or

targets.

Output indicators are measures of theproduct of the application of resources, e.g.

number of classrooms built, number of

teachers trained, etc.


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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

Final Indicators measure the effect of an

intervention on individuals well-being. Final indicators

may be divided into outcome and impact indicators

Outcome Indicators capture access to,

use of, or satisfaction with the services

provided or received, e.g. access to clean

water, proportion of mothers availing offamily planning clinics, volume and

frequency of letters of complaints, etc.

Impact Indicators

measure keydimensions of well-being, e.g. freedom from

hunger, literacy, good health, empowerment,

security

Types ofIndicators


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Examples of Indicators by TypeInput Output Outcome Impact

Tax on idle

landsimposed on

urban vacant

lands.

Increased

localrevenues.

Increased self-

reliance index ofLGU.

More propertyowners invest in

improving their

land use.

Increased level of

welfare ofresidents.

Increasedeconomic

prosperity of the

community.


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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

Constructing the Statistical Compendium(LDI Table)Local Development Indicators System:

an intermediate analytical tool that

portrays information in three dimensions:

Sectoral - maintain the 5

development sectors

Social Economic

Infrastructure

Environment

Institutional


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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

Sectoral Temporal= changes in attributes

over time

Sectoral Spatial = changes between areas

over time.

Constructing the Statistical Compendium(LDI Table)

Temporal refers to time-series data(minimum of 2 years) where the later one

should be the latest available.

Geographical or spatial refers to at least

two (2) levels of spatial scale


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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

LDIs are expressed in terms of:

Ratio

Proportion

Percentage

Average

Per capita share

Using the Local Development IndicatorsSystem (LDIS) for Data Analysis


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What dothesefigures

mean?

Sector Indicator

Planning

Area

LargerSpatial

Unit

Smaller SpatialUnits

A B C D

Social Population growth

rate

3.2% 2.8% 2.7% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0%

LiteracyRate

95% 87% 98% 90% 88% 92%

Compare data/ indicators across two spatialor geographical units

Scenarios: 1) A is greater than B

2) A is less than B

3) A is equal to B

1
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What dothesefiguresmean?

Compare data indicators in two points or periods

of time.


Sector Indicator

Planning

Area

LargerSpatial

Unit

Smaller SpatialUnits

A B C D

Social Population

growthrate

2000 3.2% 2.8% 2.7% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0%

2003 3.0% 2.9% 3.0% 2.1& 2.5% 2.9%

Literacy

Rate2000 95% 87% 98% 90% 88% 92%

2003 97% 88% 95% 92% 89% 94%

Scenarios: 1) increase,

2) decrease,

3) no change

1


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Compare data for study area with known

standards or benchmarks if no time-

series or spatial distribution of data is

available

Scenarios: Study area is

1) below,2) above, or

3) the same as standard or benchmark

What dothese

figuresmean?

1Using the Local Development IndicatorsSystem (LDIS) for Data Analysis
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LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

Generating Information from Maps Overlay the two maps and note

land uses that are vulnerable to

erosion such as settlements,

agricultural crops, etc.

Measure the area affected,

recording the actual

location to the nearest

barangay or sitio.

Take any pair of thematic maps, say Existing Land

Use and Erosion Areas in the same map scale.

Present observations in table form.
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ThematicMaps

Overlaid

BriefDescriptio

n of

Conflict

Area

Explanations for

Conflict

Implications when

Unresolve

d

PolicyOptions

Generating Information from Maps


15/23

This entails probing into the causes or

explanations behind the observed conditions.

It asks the question, Why?

It provides the clue to finding more

fundamental solutions by attacking thecauses rather than the symptoms of the

problems.

2Using the Local Development IndicatorsSystem (LDIS) for Data Analysis
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16

Restate the observation either

based on statistical information

or derived from map overlayanalysis.

Determine the cause or causes

of the observed condition. Ifuncertain, formulate hypotheses

or educated guesses to be

validated later.

2 Using the Local Development IndicatorsSystem (LDIS) for Data Analysis


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It asks the question, So what? if nosignificant intervention is made

If negative implications predominate,

then the observed condition can be

regarded as a problem. Formulate

policies that either mitigate the

inconvenience or solve the problem

permanently.

Analysis can be extended further

into determining appropriate

policy interventions

3

SOLUTION

S

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18/23

Ifpositive

implications

predominate, then the

observed condition

may be regarded as a

potential.

3 SOLUTIONS

http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0S020kqu9dIGpkAd0KJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBpdnJhMHUzBHBvcwMxBHNlYwNzcgR2dGlkAw--/SIG=1kp14g1s9/EXP=1222184106/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253Dfootprint%2526vc%253D%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-313%2526toggle%253D1%2526cop%253Dmss%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fp_ip%253DPH%26w=401%26h=599%26imgurl=www.plan-the-perfect-baby-shower.com%252Fimages%252Fbaby-shower-footprint-invitation-blank-1.gif%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.plan-the-perfect-baby-shower.com%252Fbaby-shower-footprint-invitation.html%26size=5.2kB%26name=baby-shower-footprint-invitation-blank-1.gif%26p=footprint%26type=gif%26oid=ff2014e459b3e796%26no=1%26tt=195,209%26sigr=12hnvgaos%26sigi=12og176l9%26sigb=13cp6ud9ehttp://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0S020kqu9dIGpkAd0KJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBpdnJhMHUzBHBvcwMxBHNlYwNzcgR2dGlkAw--/SIG=1kp14g1s9/EXP=1222184106/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253Dfootprint%2526vc%253D%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-313%2526toggle%253D1%2526cop%253Dmss%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fp_ip%253DPH%26w=401%26h=599%26imgurl=www.plan-the-perfect-baby-shower.com%252Fimages%252Fbaby-shower-footprint-invitation-blank-1.gif%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.plan-the-perfect-baby-shower.com%252Fbaby-shower-footprint-invitation.html%26size=5.2kB%26name=baby-shower-footprint-invitation-blank-1.gif%26p=footprint%26type=gif%26oid=ff2014e459b3e796%26no=1%26tt=195,209%26sigr=12hnvgaos%26sigi=12og176l9%26sigb=13cp6ud9e


19/23

LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

SOLUTIONS

Analysis can be extended further into

determining appropriate policy interventions.

Policy interventions need not be limited to

targeting the negative implications of observed

conditions

Positive implications need to be maintained andstrengthened through policies that seek to

sustain the beneficent effects.

Formulating Policy OptionsFormulate pol ic ies to fur ther sus tain

or enhance the benef its.


20/23

Sample Output of Problem Solution FindingAnalysesLAND AND WATER

ObservedConditions

Explanations (Causes) Implications whenunresolved

Policy Options

Land

classification

Area of A & D is

very small

Over 84% of total land

area is forestland with

some areas probably

misclassified

Not all A & D lands are

subjected to cadastral

survey; only the

Kabilogan areas has

completed cadastralsurvey

Small area devoted

to agriculture & other

crops

Small taxable areas(small income for the

municipality

Occupants of

untitled lands are

considered squatters

& have no security oftenure

Investors hesitate to

develop untitled

lands

Work for release

of some

forestlands into A

& D Accelerate

cadastral survey

& titling of lands


21/23

LAND AND WATER

ObservedConditions

Explanations (Causes) Implications whenunresolved

Policy Options

Water as means

of

transportation

and mobility

Absence of roads and

bridges connecting to

far-flung barangays

Dangerous

especially during

rough seas

Slow and poor

mobility

Cannot be relied

upon during

emergencies

Limited capacity forlarge volume of

goods and products

to be transported

Embark on

massive road and

bridge building

Maintain a

municipal

government

operated ferry

service that is

multi-purpose Construct a pier

for safe and

reliable docking

Sample Output of Problem Solution FindingAnalyses


22/23

Analytical Framework for PlanningLDI System Map Overlays

Observed Conditions

Implications when no

intervention is introduced

Explanations of

Causative Factors

Policy Options


23/23

LOCAL

DEVELOPMENT

INDICATORSSYSTEM Thankyou

!!!

Documents

2.2 Intro to LDI System