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The Slave Trade

US History

McIntyre

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The Atlantic Slave Trade

When?1450 - Spanish & Portuguese start

slaving in Africa

1865 - still smuggling slaves until

the end of the civil war (technically

illegal in 1808)

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The Atlantic Slave Trade

Why? (3 reasons combined)Labor shortage (not enough workers)

Ethnocentrism (feelings of superiority)

Greed

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The Atlantic Slave Trade

Where to?5%

60%

35%

65%

30%

5%

Where from?

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Number of people enslaved

30 milliontaken from theirhomes

10 million die during capturephase

10 million die duringmiddle passage

10 million survive to make itover the ocean

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Phases of the Slave Trade

Capture:

Tribes often did not have a choice in helpingcapture neighbors divide and conquer

Most captured 50-100 miles inland

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Phases of the Slave Trade

West African expectations about slavery:

A slaves child would not be a slave

Slaves were not slaves for life

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Phases of the Slave Trade

Capture:

Christiansborg Castle, Gold Coast, ca. 1750

Cape Coast Castle, Gold Coast, 1727

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Phases of the Slave Trade

2. The MiddlePassage - Loosepack

Lower

mortality, lowerprofits

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Phases of the Slave Trade

3. Seasoning -

Brutal work camps, 4-5 months in Caribbean

Meant to train people to be slaves

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Thinking Question:

(Dont write down just think!)

Given how many people died duringthe Capture phase or on the Middle

passage, what do you think went on

in the minds of the slave catchersand slave traders?

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Triangle Trade

North America

The Carribean Africa

Molasses Rum, weapons

Slaves

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Growth of Slavery

Why Africans?

Americas are desperate for labor

Harder for Africans to run away thanNative Americans

African strengths - agriculturalpractices, resistance to diseases

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Growth of Slavery

How did African slaves fight back?

Open revolt (rare)

Work slowdowns

Breaking ToolsPoisoning food

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Thinking Question:

(Dont write down just think!)

While many slaves resisted, not all ofthem did. What did they have tolose?

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Growth of Slavery

How much did it grow?

1800 - 1 million in slavery

1860 - 4 million (1/3 of Southern population)

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Growth of Slavery

Why?

Invented 1793 - made slavery VERY productive

100x faster than by hand

More efficient = more $ (so need more slaves)

Cotton Gin