BELL RINGER• THIS MAP SHOWS THE

THREE SIDES OF THE TRIANGLE TRADE ROUTES USED DURING COLONIAL TIMES. ON YOUR NOTESHEET, LABEL WHAT WAS BEING TRANSPORTED ON EACH SEGMENT OF THE JOURNEY. USE THE MAP ON PAGE 88 OF THE TEXTBOOK.

COLONIAL SLAVERYESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

1. HOW DID THE SLAVE SYSTEM ORIGINATE IN THE COLONIES AND WHAT RESISTANCE TO IT OCCURRED DURING COLONIAL

TIMES?

2. WHAT WAS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MIDDLE PASSAGE?

REASONS AFRICAN SLAVERY ORIGINATED• NEED FOR LABOR TO KEEP UP

WITH AGRICULTURAL DEMAND• BELIEF THAT AFRICAN SLAVES

WERE BETTER WORKERS THAN INDIAN SLAVES

• SOME COLONIES WERE TRYING TO FORGE ALLIANCES WITH THE INDIANS

• AFRICAN SLAVES WERE INEXPENSIVE

• INCREASE IN TRIANGULAR TRADE

GROWTH OF SLAVERY• THE FIRST AFRICANS ARRIVED IN

JAMESTOWN IN 1619 AS INDENTURED SERVANTS.

• VIRGINIA BECAME THE FIRST COLONY TO LEGALLY ESTABLISH SLAVERY IN 1661.

• SLAVERY EXISTED IN ALL 13 BRITISH COLONIES.

• THE GREATEST OPPOSITION WAS IN PENNSYLVANIA.

• BY 1700, THE POPULATION OF AFRICANS LIVING IN THE BRITISH COLONIES WAS IN THE TENS OF THOUSANDS.

THE MIDDLE PASSAGE• THE SECOND LEG OF THE JOURNEY ON THE

TRIANGULAR TRADE ROUTE WAS KNOWN AS THE MIDDLE PASSAGE. THIS IS THE TRIP THAT SLAVES TOOK FROM AFRICA TO AMERICA.

• SLAVES WERE CRAMMED INTO SHIPS. THEY WERE SHACKLED WITH BARELY ENOUGH ROOM TO MOVE.

• MANY SLAVES REFUSED TO EAT IN HOPE OF DYING, BUT THEY WERE BEATEN AND FORCED TO EAT.

• THOUSANDS DIED FROM DISEASE AND REVOLT. THEIR BODIES WERE THROWN OVERBOARD.

• JOURNEY TOOK FROM ONE TO SIX MONTHS DEPENDING ON THE WEATHER.

OVERT AND PASSIVE RESISTANCE• EXAMPLES OF PASSIVE RESISTANCE: BREAKING

TOOLS, FAKING ILLNESS, AND STAGING SLOWDOWNS.

• EXAMPLES OF OVERT RESISTANCE: ARSON, ESCAPE, UPRISINGS.

• MAROON COLONIES-ESCAPED SLAVES FORMED "RUNAWAY COLONIES" IN SWAMPS, MOUNTAINS, AND FRONTIER LANDS.

• UPRISINGS GENERALLY RESULTED IN THE EXECUTION OF A LARGE NUMBER OF SLAVES.

• IN 1740, 18 SLAVES WERE HANGED AND 13 BURNED ALIVE FOR CONSPIRACY TO REVOLT IN NEW YORK CITY.

• UPRISINGS LED TO THE CREATION OF SLAVE CODES. THESE WERE RULES FOR SLAVE BEHAVIOR AND PUNISHMENT FOR VIOLATING THE CODE.

SUMMARIZER/ACTIVITY

• WE ARE GOING TO READ AN ACCOUNT OF AN AFRICAN THAT WAS KIDNAPPED FROM HIS VILLAGE, SOLD INTO SLAVERY, ENDURED THE MIDDLE PASSAGE AND EVENTUALLY PURCHASED HIS OWN FREEDOM. THROUGH THIS ACTIVITY, WE WILL GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE HORRORS INVOLVED IN THE GROWTH OF SLAVERY IN AMERICA.