Republic of the PhilippinesSUPREME COURTManilaEN BANCAugust 23, 1929G.R. No. 32!AQUILINA TACAS, ET AL., plaintiffs"appellees, #s.EVARISTO TOBON, $efen$ant"appellant.Simeon Ramos, Benito Soliven and J. Belmonte for the appellant.Vicente Paz for appellee.VILLAMOR, J.:%his is an action to &eco#e& f&o' the $efen$ant the o(ne&ship an$ possession of th&ee pa&cels of lan$ $esc&ibe$ in the s)etch attache$ to the co'plaint, togethe& (ith the f&uits collecte$ b* hi' $u&ing the ti'e he (as in possession of sai$ lan$ that is, since +anua&*, 1912, it being allege$ that the $efen$ant unla(full* too) sai$ pa&cels upon the $eath of ,&ancisco -u'a$ag, p&e$ecesso& in inte&est of the plaintiffs. an$ that he &e'aine$ in possession, en/o*ing the f&uits to the #alue of P0 annuall*.1n his ans(e& the $efen$ant alleges that he is the o(ne& of sai$ lan$s, ha#ing pu&chase$ f&o' one E2e3uiel o& Gil %acas, $ecease$, about fifteen *ea&s befo&e the a'en$e$ ans(e& $ate$ -ece'be& 4, 192!.At the t&ial the pa&ties a$$uce$ thei& &especti#e e#i$ence, an$ the&eafte& the t&ial cou&t $ecla&e$ it sufficientl* p&o#en b* a p&epon$e&ance of the e#i$ence that the th&ee pa&cels of lan$ un$e& $iscussion, (e&e pa&ts of an estate belonging to ,&ancisco -u'a$ag, (hose title is a possesso&* info&'ation &eco&$e$ in the &egist&* of $ee$s of 1locos 5u&, ha#ing inhe&ite$ the' f&o' his pa&ents 6E2hibit 78. that $u&ing his lifeti'e, sai$ ,&ancisco -u'a$ag (as in possession of the lan$ as o(ne& f&o' 'an* *ea&s, until his $eath on No#e'be& 10, 1911, en/o*ing its f&uits, consisting in &ice, co&n, tobacco, an$ #egetables. that sai$ ,&ancisco -u'a$ag ha$ file$ a $ecla&ation fo&ta2 pu&poses in his o(n na'e. that the lan$ ta2 ha$ been pai$ b* ,&ancisco -u'a$ag $u&ing the *ea&s 199 an$ 1911, an$ in his na'e in the *ea&s f&o' 1912 to 191! 6E2hibits 1 to P8. that in +anua&*, 1912, $u&ing the season fo& planting tobacco i''e$iatel* follo(ing the $eath of ,&ancisco -u'a$ag, E#a&isto %obon too) possession of the th&ee pa&cels of lan$ in 3uestion planting the' (ith tobacco. that f&o' 1912 up to the p&esent, the $efen$ant E#a&isto %obon has been collecting the f&uits the&ef&o', consisting of 3 shea#es of &ice an$ 3 manos of fi&st, secon$, an$ thi&$"class tobacco each *ea&, at the app&o2i'ate &ate of P.3 fo& each sheaf of &ice, an$ P 3 fo& each mano of fi&st"class tobacco, P 2.4 fo& secon$"class tobacco, an$ P 2 fo& thi&$"class tobacco. %he&e is no e#i$ence of &eco&$ &ega&$ing the a'ount an$ p&ice of the co&n collecte$ b* the $efen$ant. An$ b* #i&tue the&eof, the t&ial cou&t $ecla&e$ the plaintiffs to be the absolute o(ne&s of the th&ee pa&cels of lan$ in litigation, an$ o&$e&e$ the $efen$ant E#a&isto %obon to $eli#e& sai$ pa&cels of lan$ to the plaintiffs, togethe& (ith the f&uits collecte$ each *ea& since 1912 until the co'pletete&'ination of this case, an$ in $efault the&eof, to pa* to sai$ plaintiffs the su' of P 11,!, (hich is the total #alue of the &ice an$ tobacco f&o' 1912 to 1920, at P .3 pe& sheaf of &ice, an$ P 2 pe& mano of tobacco. ,&o' this /u$g'ent, the $efen$ant $ul* appeale$ in ti'e, p&osecuting his appeal to this cou&t b* the p&ope& bill of e2ceptions.%he appellant ha$ 'a$e se#e&al assign'ents of e&&o&. 1n the fi&st place, he conten$s that the i$entit* of the pieces of lan$ in litigation has not been establishe$. :e fin$ no 'e&it in this contention. 1t appea&s f&o' the allegations of the co'plaint an$ the ans(e&, that the case &efe&s to the lan$s hel$ b* $efen$ant an$ allege$ b* the latte& to ha#e been pu&chase$ f&o' one E2e3uiel o& Gil %acas, b&othe& to the plaintiff A3uilina %acas.:ith &ega&$ to the p&obato&* #alue of the $ocu'ents p&esente$ b* the pa&ties, to (it, E2hibit 7 of the plaintiffs, an$ E2hibits 1 an$ 2 of the $efen$ant, it is (ell to note thatE2hibit 7 is a possesso&* info&'ation &eco&$ $ul* app&o#e$ on Ma&ch 22, 1994 an$ insc&ibe$ in the &egist&* of $ee$s of 1locos 5u& on No#e'be& !, 1910 in fa#o& of ,&ancisco -u'a$ag, co#e&ing so'e lan$ situate$ in the sitio of 5isin, 'unicipalit* of Magsingal, 1locos 5u&.;n the othe& han$, E2hibit 1 of the $efen$ant is an inst&u'ent e2ecute$ on +anua&* 10, 194 (he&eb* one E2e3uiel o& Gil %acas sol$ th&ee pa&cels of fa&' lan$ in the place calle$ 5isin to E#a&isto %obon fo& P 3 conan. An$ E2hibit 2 of the sa'e $efen$ant is anothe& inst&u'ent e2ecute$ on Ma* 14, 199 f&o' (hich it appea&s that ,&ancisco -u'a$ag an$ his b&othe&"in"la(, Gil %acas, ag&ee$ that the th&ee pa&cels of lan$ belonging to the latte&, togethe& (ith the t(o pa&cels of the fo&'e& in Anteng, Ba&&io of Ca&is3uis, (oul$ be put in -u'a$ag