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2O10 IN PICTURESPART 1
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
2010
THE YEAR OF “RECORD AND NEAR-RECORD” NATURAL DISASTERS
WAVE AFTER WAVE OF NATURAL DISASTERS THAT KILLED OVER 260,000
AND CAUSED DIRECT ECONOMIC LOSSES OF AT LEAST $222 BILLION
2010El Nino, La Nina, Droughts, Winter Storms, Earthquakes,
Tsunamis, Floods, Volcanic Eruptions, Severe Windstorms,
Tsunamis, Landslides, Droughts, and Winter Storms
2010… And the Impacts of a Record Environmental
Disaster in the Gulf of Mexico (DIRECT ECONOMIC LOSSES ESTIMATED AT $50 BILLION)
and Global Climate Change (Unknown loses)
IMPACTED NATIONS
• Caribbean Nations, China, Haiti, Chile, Indonesia, France, Portugal, Spain, Belgium, Germany, Turkey, …
IMPACTED NATIONS (continued)
• … Madeira (Portugal), USA (California, North Dakota, Minnesota, Mid-Atlantic States), Brazil, Peru, Russia, Mexico, Iceland (Europe,---), Taiwan
IMPACTED NATIONS (continued
• Indonesia, Taiwan, Iceland, Europe (Poland, Germany, Hungary, Czech Republic), USA (Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida), …
IMPACTED NATIONS (continued
• Pakistan, USA (Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, California, Atlantic Seaboard, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois), Bolivia, Israel, …
IMPACTED NATIONS
• USA (North Carolina, New England states, Texas), Mexico, New Zealand, Guatemala, Pakistan, …
DROUGHTS
IN 2009, DROUGHT CONDITIONS WERE EXCERBATED BY EL NIÑO
• El Niño caused warming of the Pacific Ocean, which in turn caused Atlantic and Caribbean waters to be cooler.
CARIBBEAN NATIONS FACED CONTINUATION OF
DROUGHT CONDITIONS DURING 2010
DROUGHT ATTRIBUTED TO CONTINIATION OF 2009’S EL NIÑO
CONDITIONS
• SAINT LUCIA
• BARBADOS
• SAINT VINCENT and the GRENADINES
• GRENADA
• ANTIGUA and BARBUDA
• JAMAICIA
• GUYANA
• TRINIDAD and TOBAGO
CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES EXPRIENCING DROUGHT IN 2010
DROUGHT IN KUNMING, CHINA: 2010
EUROPE: WINTER 2009-2010
Starting in December and continuing into January 2010, the
northern half of EUROPE experienced its coldest winter
since 1981–1982.
A persistent weather pattern brought cold moist air from the north with systems undergoing
cyclogenesis from North American storms moving across the Atlantic
Ocean.
COMPARISON OF 2010 WITH 2000-2008 AVERAGE
Winter 2009 – 2010 in Europe led to a number of deaths,
widespread transport disruption, power failures, and the postponement of a number of civic and sporting events.
USA: BLIZZARD 2010 AND NOR’EASTER
Record snowfall exceeding 1 m in some locations and high winds reaching 80
km/hr impacted 25 Mid-Atlantic States
FEBRUARY 5-11, 2010
The blizzard occurred in two phases less than two
months after a Dec. 19, 2009 storm dumped more than 40
cm of snow on the Washington, DC area.
WEATHER SYSTEM OVER MID-ATLANTIC STATES: FEB 5-6, 2010
NOR’EASTER: FEBRUARY 5, 2010
WHITE HOUSE, WASHINGTON, D.C.: FEB 10, 2010
Impacts: Government offices closed, airports closed, universities and schools
closed, interstate highways closed, metro service
reduced or closed down, power outages.
EARTHQUAKES
• HAITI
• CHILE
•TURKEY
•INDONESIA
•CHINA
•TAIWAN
M7.0 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES HAITI
A CATASTROPHE IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE’S POOREST NATION
4:53 p.m.; JANUARY 12, 2010
THE DEADLIEST DISASTERS OF 2010 OCCURRED ON JANUARY 12TH
• M7.0 Haiti Earthquake that killed 230,000, largely because of the inadequacy of the building code, left over 1 million homeless and jobless survivors stuck in tent cities battling a hurricane (Tomas), cholera outbreak, and health-care problems for the rest of the year.
THE M7.0 HAITI EARTHQUAKE: JAN 12
PORT AU PRINCE: 1.8 MILLION IN A NATION OF 9 MILLION
EXAMPLE OF DAMAGE: PORT AU PRINCE
PORT: TOPPLED CONTAINERS
COLLAPSE OF UN BUILDING; PORT AU PRINCE
DEATH TOLL REACHED AN ESTIMATED 230,OOO+
LANDSLIDES
• MACHU PICCHU
• SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
RAIN AND MUDSLIDES IN MACHU PICCHU
2,500 TOURISTS STRANDED
JANUARY 28, 2010
MACHU PICCHU
MUDFLOWS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA:FEB 6, 2010
THE INTERSECTION OF HEAVY RAINFALL IN FIRST WINTER STORM OF 2010 AND BURNED OUT AREAS FROM WILDFIRES OF 2009 INCREASED RISK
FACT: MUDSLIDES INCREASE AFTER WILDFIRES
WILDFIRE- BURN AREAS ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO MUDFLOWS
M8.8 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES CENTRAL CHILE:
3:34 am on February 27, 2010
Subduction Zone M8.8 Quake 500 Times More Energy than the M7.0 Haiti Quake
800+ Deaths; 500+ Injured
Numerous Aftershocks
Tsunami Waves Travel Across Pacific
Estimated Loss: $30 Billion
LOCATION: 330 KM (200 MI) FROM SANTIAGO
LOCATION: 100 KM FROM CONCEPCION; 330 KM FROM SANTIAGO
DAMAGED BUILDING IN CONCEPCION
CONCEPCION: URGENT MASS CARE NEEDS
CONCEPCION: LOOTERS
CONCEPCION: ELEVATED HIGHWAY COLLAPSED
LOCAL TSUNAMI DAMAGE
NO DISASTERS AS TSUNAMI WAVES MOVED ACROSS PACIFIC
LANDSLIDES
•MADEIRA (PORTUGAL)
• BRAZIL (RIO DE JANEIRO)
•TAIWAN
MUDSLIDES TRIGGERED BY FLASH FLOODS
DEVASTATE THE MADEIRA ISLANDS, PORTUGAL
AT LEAST 42 DEAD
FEBRUARY 20-21, 2010
LOCATION OF MADEIRA
FEBRUARY 21: FLASH FLOOD
FEBRUARY 21:MUDSLIDE
SEVERE WINDSTORMS
Xynthia
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes: Atlantic Basin
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes: Pacific Basin
TyphoonsCyclones
SEVERE WINDSTORMS XYNTHIA
FEBRUARY 26-28, 2010
XYNTHIA: FLOODING IN FRANCE
M6.1 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES EASTERN TURKEY AT 4:32 AM
THREE VILLAGES DESTROYED ALONG WITH MANY FARM ANIMALS
AT LEAST 57 DEAD
MARCH 8, 2010
NORTH AND EAST ANATOLIAN FAULTS
OKCULAR: POOR CONSTRUCTION
EARTHQUAKES
• INDONESIA
•CHINA
•TAIWAN
M7.7 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES INDONESIA NEAR
EPICENTER OF 2004 QUAKE
SUBDUCTION ZONE OF SUNDA AND INDO-AUSTRALIA PLATES
5:15 AM, APRIL 7, 2010
LOCATION
TOWN OF SINABANG (60 KM FROM EPICENTER)
2O10 IN PICTURESPART 2
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
SURVIVORS FACED HARSH TEMPERATURES
FLOODS
• RUSSIA (SIBERIA)
• NORTH DAKOTA AND MINNESOTA,
• BRAZIL
•EUROPE
•PAKISTAN
FLOODS IN RUSSIAMARCH 2010
SPRING RUNOFF AFTER A HARSH WINTER INCREASES FLOOD RISKS
ACROSS RUSSIA
THE THREE GREAT SIBERIAN RIVERS THAT FLOODED
FLOODING IN SIBERIA
FLOODING IN KAZAKHSTAN
FLOODING IN KAZAKHSTAN
FLOODING SOUTH OF KAZAKHSTAN
NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, AND MINNESOTA
EXPERIENCE MAJOR FLOODING
MARCH 28-30, 2009
REASONS FOR FLOODING MARCH-APRIL, 2010
THE ANNUAL FLOODING THREAT TO FARGO, ND AND MOORHEAD, MN IS TRIGGERED BY:
1) The Spring melt and runoff , AFTER 2) A severe Winter.
1. Synchrony of river discharge with Spring runoff
2. Ice jams
3. Lake Agassiz, a glacial lake, is the floodplain of the Red River
4. A sharp decrease in river gradient makes the Fargo-Moorhead area act like a large lake.
2010: MELT AND RUNOFF
THE “SLOW” WAY OF MAKING SANDBAGS
THE “SPIDER” CAN MAKE 5,000 SANDBAGS PER HOUR
HALSTAD, MN: 4 FT BELOW 2009’S RECORD OF 40.5 FT
FARGO, ND: THE RED RIVER CRESTS 4 FT BELOW RECORD ON MARCH 21
REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS TO EMBARK ON A 10-YEAR,
$1.3 BILLION FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT
A 60 KM (36-MILE) – LONG NEW RIVER CHANNEL IS EXPECTED
TO SOLVE THE RECURRING THREAT
FLOODS AND MUDSLIDES PARALYZE BRAZIL
WORST IN 50 YEARS
APRIL 7, 2010
RIO DE JANEIRO
SEARCH AND RESCUE
LANDSLIDE IN TAIWAN
EXACERBATED BY M6.5 EARTHQUAKE AND RAIN
APRIL 26, 2010
LOCATION
LANDSLIDE
OIL SPILLS AND LEAKS
• GULF OF MEXICO
“GREAT GULF OF MEXICO OIL SPILL OF 2010”
COASTS OF LOUISANA, ALABAMA, MISSISSIPPI, AND FLORIDA WERE
IMPACTED BY A 5 MILLION BARREL OIL LEAK THAT CAUSED A HUGE ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER
APRIL 22- AUGUST ???, 2010
OIL RIG EXPLODED IN GULF OF MEXICO: APRIL 22
DEEP WATERR HORIZON IN GULF OF MEXICO: APRIL 22
DEEP WATER HORIZON: APRIL 22
NASA PHOTO OF OIL SPILL IN GULF OF MEXICO
INITIAL OIL SHEEN ON WATER
OIL REACHES CHANDELEUR SOUND: APRIL 30
CLEAN UP SHIPS AT ANCHOR DUE TO WIND & WAVES: MAY 1
OIL DOME ENROUTE TO SITE OF LEAK: MAY 6
PLACING AN OIL CONTAINMENT BOOM: MAY 29
BOOM CONTAINS SPREAD OF OIL: MAY 29
BOOM PROTECTING A SMALL ISLAND
WIND & WAVES REDUCE EFFECTIVENESS OF BOOMS
FISHERMEN OUT OF WORK: PERMANENTLY ???
LA BATRE, AL: ALL FISHING SHUT DOWN
“A WHALE” ARRIVES IN GULF OF MEXICO: JULY 2
2010
THE YEAR OF “RECORD AND NEAR-RECORD” NATURAL DISASTERS
FLOODS (Continued)
• EUROPE
• CHINA
• PAKISTAN
• CHINA
FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES IN ZHONQU COUNTY, CHINA
Over 700 dead, hundreds injured, and over 1,000 missing
Midnight - Saturday, August 7, 2010
MUDSLIDE: ZHONGU, CHINA
DAMAGED BUILDINGS
FLOODED STREETS
EXPLOSIONS RELEASED THE BLOCKED BAILONG RIVER
PRIME MINISTER WEN JIABAO CALLING FOR ACTION: AUG 8TH
RESCUE WORKERS
SEARCH AND RESCUE
RIVERS BURST BANKS AND BREACH DAMS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AFTER WEEKS OF
RAIN
POLAND, HUNGARY, GERMANY, CZECH REPUBLIC, …
MAY – JUNE, 2010
POLAND AND VISTULA RIVER
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
• ICELAND
• INDONESIA
Eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull Volcano in
Southern Iceland
MARCH 20 --- APRIL 14, 2010
The Eyjafjallajökull Volcano in Southern Iceland
The Eyjafjallajökull Volcano
The Eyjafjallajökull Volcano: Lava and Lightning
ASH CLOUD FROM APRIL 14 ERUPTION
A dark and spectacular volcanic cloud spread over Britain and toward continental Europe on
Thursday, April 15, forcing airlines to cancel thousands of flights as it drifted at high altitude south and
east from the continuing eruption in Iceland.
Steam and Ash Cloud: April 17
Glacier and the Ash Cloud: April 18
A week of airspace closures caused by the ash threat to planes created
the worst breakdown in civil aviation in Europe since World War II, which caused more than 100,000 flights to be canceled and losses of
over $2 billion to the airline industry.
2O10’S SEVERE WINDSTORMS (Continued)
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes:
Atlantic BasinTropical Storms and Hurricanes:
Pacific BasinTyphoonsCyclones
A diminished El Nino created more favorable conditions for an increase in Atlantic basin severe windstorms during 2010, as compared with 2009.
HURRICANES IN EASTERN PACIFIC
• AGATHA
• BLAS
• CELIA
• DARBY
• FRANK
• …
TROPICAL STORM AGATHA STRIKES GUATEMALA
SHORTLY AFTER PACAVA ERUPTS
FIRST STORM OF PACIFIC SEASON FOLLOWS VOLCANIC ERUPTION
MAY 27-29, 2010
AGATHA’S PATH
TORRENTIAL RAINS
SINKHOLE: GUATEMALA CITY
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
• Alex (H) June 21
• Bonnie July 27
• Colin Aug 3
• Danielle (H) Aug 21
• Earl (H) Aug.29
• Fiona Aug 30
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
• Gaston Sept 1
• Hermine Sept 6
• Igor (H) Sept 8
• Julia (H) Sept 12
• Karl (H) Sept 14
• Lisa (H) Sept 20
• Matthew Sept 24
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
• Nicole Sept 29
• Otto (H) Oct 6
• Paula (H) OCT 11
• Richard (H) Oct 21
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
• Shary (H) Oct 27• Tomas (H) Oct 29• Virginie (Never
formed)• Walter (Never
formed)
ALEX STARTED AS A TROPICAL WAVE IN THE CARIBBEAN: JUNE 20
TROPICAL STORM ALEX: LANDFALL AT BELIZE; JUNE 26
TYPHOON CHANTHU (Category 1)
July 17-23, 2010
TYPHOON CHANTHU: A CAT 1 STORM
TROPICAL STORM COLIN: FORMS ON WED, AUGUST 3
WILDFIRES
• SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• RUSSIA
•BOLIVIA
• ISRAEL
WILFIRES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA: LEONA VALLEY AND KERN
COUNTYJULY 27 – AUGUST ?, 2010
LEONA VALLEY, CA
LEONA VALLEY, CA
DC-10 DROPPING FLAME RETARDANT: PALMDALE CA
FIREFIGHTERS: KERN COUNTY WILDFIRE
RUSSIAN PRESIDENT DECLARES STATE OF
EMERGENCY FOR WILDFIRES
600 WILDFIRES IN 7 REGIONS RELATED TO PROLONGED HEAT WAVE
JULY 29 – AUGUST ?, 2010
242,000 BATTLE WILDFIRES
NORTHWEST PAKISTAN (AND AFGHANISTAN) HIT BY FLASH FLOODS AFTER PROLONGED
MONSOON RAINS
JULY 28 - AUGUST 2, 2010
Summer floods are common in Pakistan as a result of monsoon
rains that swell rivers and streams across the country, but 2010’s
floods were the worst in 80 years and set new records.
DERA ISMAIL KHAN: INUNDATED
MUZAFFARABAD: RISING FLOOD WATERS
THOUSANDS OF MUD BRICK HOMES COLLAPSED
NOWSHERA: DAMAGED MUD HOUSE
COLLAPSED HOUSE
TRYING TO DIVERT WATER
SOME LIVESTOCK WERE SAVED, BUT THOUSANDS DROWNED
PESHAWAR: MELONS BECAME PRECIOUS
CLINGING TO DEBRIS
NOWSHERA: SEEKING HIGHER GROUND
SEEKING HIGHER GROUND
SEEKING A SAFE HAVEN
CHARSADDA: TRYING TO EVACUATE
EVACUATION: CARRYING SELECTED POSSESSIONS
NOWSHERA: EVACUATION
NOWSHERA: EVACUATION TO A SAFE HAVEN
EVACUATION: A DIFFICULT TASK
MUZAFFARABAD: INADEQUATE TEMPORARY SHELTER
30,000 Pakistani troops rescued 28,000 people using helicopters and other means, and distributed water
and food.
NOWSHERA: PAKISTANI ARMY DISTRIBUTING WATER
FLOODS (Continued)
• CHINA
FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES IN ZHONQU COUNTY, CHINA
Over 700 dead, hundreds injured, and over 1,000 missing
Midnight - Saturday, August 7, 2010
MUDSLIDE: ZHONGU, CHINA
DAMAGED BUILDINGS
FLOODED STREETS
EXPLOSIONS RELEASED THE BLOCKED BAILONG RIVER
PRIME MINISTER WEN JIABAO CALLING FOR ACTION: AUG 8TH
RESCUE WORKERS
SEARCH AND RESCUE
WILDFIRES IN BOLIVA
AUGUST 19- 26, 2010
PRESIDENT EVO MORALES DECLARES STATE OF EMERGENCY
2O10 IN PICTURESPART 3
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
