3.3 The Middle Colonies and the Southern Colonies

OBJECTIVE:

•Learn about the founding of New Netherland (New York), Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Georgia

•Understand the reasons for these colonies’ success.

1. The Dutch colonies were known as New _________.

2. The founder of Rhode Island was ___________________.

3. Pennsylvania was founded by _______.

4. Anne _________ was expelled by the Puritans for being a religious dissenter. The modern city of New _______ was originally known as New Amsterdam.

5. Pennsylvania was founded by _______.

1. The modern city of New York was originally known as New __________.

2. After the English takeover of the Dutch colonies, the Duke of York became the new p___________.

3. The Quakers believed that an “_______ light” burned in every one.

4. The official name of the Quakers is the _____________________.

5. The founder of Rhode Island was ___________________.

New Netherlands• Established by the Dutch– 1609-1621– Fur trading posts – New Netherlands

• West India Company

• New Amsterdam – Founded in 1625, capital

– of the colony

• Diverse colony– Religious toleration – Friendly relations with Natives

• English takeover– By force, but with no resistance– Duke of York becomes the new

proprietor, or owner, of the colony

http://www.colonialvoyage.com/namstmap.jpg

The Quakers • Pennsylvania

– Obtained by William Penn• Paid off a debt

– “Penn’s Woods”

• Quakers – God’s “inner light”

– Informal • Anyone could preach

– Pacifists• Didn’t serve in the military

William Penn• Was the proprietor, or owner,

of the colony• Saw his colony as a “Holy

Experiment”– Everyone received 50 acres – Assembly style government

• Good relations with Native Americans – Saw them as people– Paid for the land– No major conflict

• 50 years

• Never made $ from the colony • His principles and idea

An East Prospect of the City of Philadelphia, 1756The converging streams flowing into the Delaware River in the map constitute the Dock. The engraving at the top illustrates Philadelphia's dynamism as a port city at the time of the Seven Years War. (Library of Congress)

An East Prospect of the City of Philadelphia, 1756

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Maryland

• Founded in 1634 by Lord Baltimore, the proprietor

• Haven for Catholics in Protestant England

• Jesuits part of first colony in St. Mary’s City, said first mass in English Colonies

• Act of Toleration – 1649 – Religious Freedom

• Mixed success for Catholics, becomes Protestant majority and later Royal Colony

• “Brown Gold”

Maryland Toleration Act of 1649; September 21, 1649 That whatsoever person or persons within this Province and

the Islands thereunto helonging shall from henceforth blaspheme God, that is Curse him, or deny our Saviour Jesus Christ to bee the sonne of God, or shall deny the holy Trinity the father sonne and holy Ghost, or the Godhead of any of the said Three persons of the Trinity or the Unity of the Godhead, or shall use or utter any reproachfull Speeches, words or language concerning the said Holy Trinity, or any of the said three persons thereof, shalbe punished with death and confiscation or forfeiture of all his or her lands and goods to the Lord Proprietary and his heires.

http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/amerdoc/maryland_toleration.htm

Baltimore in 1752, from a sketch by John Moale, Esq.Baltimore was founded in 1629 and served as a shipping center for Maryland tobacco growers. By 1752, when this view was drawn, it had begun to show signs of developing into a prosperous port city. After the American Revolution, Baltimore expanded and by the 1790s boasted a population of over twenty thousand. (Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore)

Baltimore in 1752, from a sketch by John Moale, Esq.

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Compare and Contrast Proprietary and Royal Colonies

Tobacco plantationWhile a planter smokes a pipe and confers with his overseer, slaves on this Chesapeake plantation perform all of the tasks related to planting, cultivating, harvesting, sorting, packaging, and delivering the profitable tobacco. Slaves also fashioned the tools for coopering and made barrels for transporting hogsheads of "the weed." Ships in the background navigate right up to the edge of the plantation lands. (Library of Congress)

Tobacco plantation

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Georgia

• Founded by James Oglethorpe, 1733

• Melting pot of ethnicities

• Buffer state with Spanish FL

• Philanthropist, founded the colony to help debtors

http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/83savannah/83images/83draw1bh.jpg

A Festival, painted by a German visitor to GeorgiaA German visitor to Georgia painted this watercolor of a Yuchi ceremony, which he titled A Festival. The guns hanging inside the shelter were probably acquired from English traders in South Carolina. (Royal Library Copenhagen)

A Festival, painted by a German visitor to Georgia

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