4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 1 Understanding Radicalisation What is
it? Mark Dechesne Leiden University Campus The Hague Slide 2
4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 2 fbi most wanted terrorists captured or
killed Slide 3 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 3 Slide 4 4/29/2015 Mark
Dechesne 4 Slide 5 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 5 Slide 6 4/29/2015 Mark
Dechesne 6 The Psychologies of Terrorism Slide 7 4/29/2015 Mark
Dechesne 7 Dechesne: Psychology of Mass Violence Slide 8 4/29/2015
Mark Dechesne 8 Networks (e.g. Lochard 2004) Idea Slide 9 4/29/2015
Mark Dechesne 9 Psychohistory Slide 10 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 10
Psychological Factors Contributing to Jihadist Radicalisation and
Terrorism Slide 11 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 11 1973 Slide 12
4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 12 Maktab al-Khidamat Slide 13 4/29/2015
Mark Dechesne 13 Slide 14 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 14 Slide 15
4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 15 Idea Slide 16 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 16
Idea: Jihad internal (combating nominally Muslim regimes considered
impious) irredentist (fighting to redeem land ruled by non-Muslims
or under occupation) global (combating the West) Slide 17 4/29/2015
Mark Dechesne 17 Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Born in Kunduz province, 1947
1970s Studies at Military Academy and Engineering department at
Kabul and becomes devoted to the radical political Islam Is forced
to go to Pakistan, where he obtains support from Pakistan and the
West Plays a lead role in the war against the Soviets Becomes
president of Afghanistan in the 1990s Taliban ousts and exils him,
but Hekmatyar later joins the fight against ISAF after 2001. Slide
18 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 18 Osama Bin Laden 1957: Born in a very
wealthy family in Saudi Arabia Studies economy, but has a strong
interest in Koranic studies Goes to Afghanistan to join Abdul Azzam
to erect the Afghan Service Bureau Slide 19 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne
19 John Walker Lindh Born in 1981 in Californa Becomes socially
isolated during adolescence Discovers Malcolm X as a source of
inspiration Travels to Pakistan and eventually joins to Taliban
Slide 20 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 20 Ajmal Kasab Born in Pakistan in
1987 Is involved in petty crime in Lahore Discovers Lashkar-e-
Taiba Slide 21 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 21 Mehdi Nemmouche Slide 22
4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 22 Slide 23 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 23
Syria-Goers and Comers Redouan al-Issar and the Hofstad network
Different types: Ideologues, veterans, criminals, idealists, lost
souls Vertical and Horizontal influence Slide 24 4/29/2015 Mark
Dechesne 24 What is a radical? Slide 25 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 25
Are they . Crazy?* Slide 26 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 26 Are they .
Crazy?* Psychology of Terrorism, Principle 1: There is no such
thing as a terrorist psychopathology, nor as a terrorist
personality * e.g. Kruglanski and Dechesne, 2007 Slide 27 4/29/2015
Mark Dechesne 27 Are they . Muslim?* Analysis of Survey Data in 12
Arab Countries, Indonesia and Pakistan shows that Support for
Insurgency is most strongly related to religion * Fishman, Orehek,
Dechesne, & Kruglanski. (2008) Slide 28 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne
28 A Plethora of Causes* Honor Dedication to the leader Social
status Narcissism Personal significance Pain and personal loss
Group pressure Humiliation Injustice Vengeance Feminism Humiliation
Exposure to violence Occupation Lack of alternative prospects
Displacement Restoration of the glory of Islam Poverty Moral
obligation Need to belong Heaven Simplification of life
Inspirational leadership Friendship Status Glamour Money Support
for ones family * Kruglanski, Chen, Dechesne, Fishman, and Orehek
(2008) Slide 29 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 29 Dechesne: Psychology of
Mass Violence Slide 30 4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 30 Slide 31
4/29/2015 Mark Dechesne 31 Mark Dechesne Leiden University Campus
The Hague [email protected]
