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SPECIAL SENSE TUMOR
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Ear tumor
Cholesteatoma
Chondrosarcoma
Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma
Ceruminous carcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
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Cholesteatoma
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Ceruminous carcinoma
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NASAL TUMORS
Polyps---really NOT a tumor
Angiofibroma
Papilloma
Plasmacytoma
Neuroblastoma
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
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INFLAMMATORY POLYPS OF NASAL CAVITY
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NECROTIZING Upper Airway Lesions
WEGENER Granulomatosis
Lethal Midline Granuloma
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PAPILLOMA INVERTED PAPILLOMA
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ANGIOFIBROMA
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PLASMACYTOMA
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NEUROBLASTOMA (OLFACTORY)
ESTHESIONEUROBLASTOMA
ROSETTE
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NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA
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NEVI Junctional (more pigmented, more
closely associated with melanoma)
Intradermal Compound (both)
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MALIGNANT MELANOMA Incidence rising
Related to SUN like ALL skin cancers are
The only primary skin cancer that can kill you(except for the RARE Merkel cell tumor)
QUICKLY METASTASIZES Has both VERTICAL and HORIZONTAL growth phase
but prognosis is 100% related to the VERTICAL,
(BRESLOW staging, TNM) DIFFICULT to differentiate from NEVUS clinically
and often microscopically
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BENIGN Epidermal Tumors
Seborrheic Keratosis
Acanthosis Nigricans
Fibroepithelial Polyp (skin tag)
Epidermal (inclusion) Cyst
Adnexal tumors : Eccrine, Apocrine
Keratoacanthoma
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ADNEXAL TUMORS
HAIR FOLLICLES
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
SWEAT GLANDS
ECCRINEAPOCRINE
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PREMALIGNANT/MALIGNANT
ACTINIC (Solar) KERATOSIS, i.e. precursor to SCC SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA, squamous
pearls, intercellular bridges
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA, by far, MOST
COMMON, BLUE palisading nests
MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA (TUMOR), VERYMALIGNANT AND LETHAL, LOOK LIKE SMALL CELL
CA. OF LUNG
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GENERAL COMMENTS
BOTH SCC and BCC related to SUN (i.e., radiation)
exposure. (as is MM also)
SCC also related to As, carcinogens, chaw, betel
nut, HPV, familial, etc.
BOTH SCC and BCC can do local damage but very
rarely metastasize or kill.
MERKEL CELL tumors metastasize early and
extensively, like melanomas.
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DERMIS TUMORS DERMATOFIBROMA (BENIGN FIBROUS
HISTIOCYTOMA)
DERMATOFIBROSARCOMA PROTUBERANS
(DFP)
MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA (MFH)
XANTHOMA
VASCULAR TUMORS of various types
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C ll l I i t
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Cellular Immigrants
Langerhans cells (Histiocytosis)
Mycosis Fungoides (T-Cell
cutaneous lymphoma)
Mastocytosis (mast cell tumors)
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Orbit - Tumors
Wide variety of lacrimal, lymphoid, neural,
vascular, meningeal origin tumors, and
metastatic tumors
Children
rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary
malignancy of orbit.
neuroblastoma is most common metastatic tumor
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LIDS - Tumors
Malignant
Basal cell carcinoma - mostcommon
Squamous
Melanoma
Sebaceous cell carcinoma
Benign
Chalazion vs. Hordeolum Papillomas/Verrucae
Epidermal inclusion cysts
Pleomorphic adenoma
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Basal cell carcinoma
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LIDS - Tumors
Chalazion a cyst of the meibomian gland
Hordeolum an inflammedcyst of the MG
(foreign body granuloma)
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Conjunctiva - tumors
Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
Squamous Cell
Melanoma
Lymphoid - arising from mucosa-associated
lymphoid tissue (MALT)
Lymphoma
Conjunctiva
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Conjunctiva
CIN (squamous cell), HPV 16/18
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The Uvea - Tumors
The Choroid is a highly perfused vascular
net feeding the outer retina
It is apotential target site for metastasis for
carcinoma, such as breast and lung.
The Uvea - Tumors
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The Uvea Tumors
The uvea (especially choroid) is also richly pigmented, and
primary melanocytic tumors are common. Nevi and malignant melanomas are both relatively
common, and can be difficult to distinguish, clinically.
Tumors with spindle-B or epithelioid histologic patterns
are malignant
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The Retina - Tumors
Retinoblastoma
Classic pediatric tumor of retina
Hereditary or Sporadic
Requires two gene mutations (Knudsens
two-hit hypothesis)
Classic histologic features of Flexner-
Wintersteiner Rosettes, and fleurettes
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