4G TechnologyPresented Zubair ShahidBasharat Hussain

4G Definition4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data.

4G Networks are projected to provide speed of 100Mbps while moving and 1Gbps while stationary.

1G refers to the first generation of wireless telephone technology, mobile telecommunications which was first introduced in 1980s and completed in early 1990s. It's Speed was upto 2.4kbps. It allows the voice calls in 1 country. 1G network use Analog Signal. AMPS was first launched in USA in 1G mobile systems.

1G TECHNOLOGY

DRAWBACKS OF 1GPoor Voice Quality Poor Battery LifeLarge Phone SizeNo SecurityLimited CapacityPoor Handoff Reliability

1G Wireless System

2G TECHNOLOGY2G technology refers to the 2nd generation which is based on GSMIt was launched in Finland in the year 1991. 2G network use digital signals.Its data speed was upto 64kbps.Features IncludesIt enables services such as text messages, picture messages and MMSIt provides better quality and capacity

2G TECHNOLOGYDigital consist of 0s and 1sDigital signal:1.Low level, 2.High level, 3.Rising edgeand 4.Falling edge

2G TECHNOLOGYDigital data can be compressed and multiplexed much more effectively than analog voice encodingsMultiplexing -multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal For 1 and 2G standards, bandwidth maximum is 9.6 Kbit/sec, (I.E) approximately 6 times slower than an ISDN

2G TECHNOLOGYAllows for lower powered radio signals that require less battery

PowerCODEC introduction -program that encodes and decodes digital data stream or signalTranslates data from digital to analog and vice versa

Advantages of - 2G

The digital voice encoding allows digital error checkingincrease sound qualitylowers the noise levelGoing all-digital allowed for the introduction of digital data transferSMS short message serviceSend/Receive E-mail MessagesWeb Browsing

Disadvantages of - 2GThese systems are unable to handle complex data such as VideosCell towers had a limited coverage area Jagged Decay curveAbrupt dropped callsAnalog gradual sound reduction Spotty coverage

3G Technology

3G technology refer to third generation which was introduced in year 2000s.Data Transmission speed increased from 144kbps- 2MbpsIncreased spectrum efficiency 5MhzTypically called Smart Phones and features increasedweb-based applications and audio and video files.

Previous Technology - 3GCDMA Code Division Multiple Access

Form of multiplexing

Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency

Encodes data with a special code associated with each channel

Code Division Multiple Access

Types of MultiplexingFDMA Frequency Division Multiple AccessEach phone call is allocated one frequency for the entire duration of the call

Types of MultiplexingTDMA - Time Division Multiple Access Each phone call is allocated a spot in the frequency for a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted

Reasons for New ResearchEven though 3G has successfully been introduced to mobile users, there are some issues that are debated by 3G providers and users.High input fees for the 3G service licenses

The cost of cellular infrastructure , upgrading base stations is very high Needs different handsets.Power consumption is high &3G phones are expensive

Fourth Generation

What is 4G?Fourth Generation TechnologyFaster and more reliable100 Mb/s Lower cost than previous generationsMulti-standard wireless systemBluetooth, Wired, Wireless Ad Hoc NetworkingIPv6 CoreOFDM used instead of CDMAPotentially IEEE standard 802.11nMost information is proprietary

Communications ArchitectureBroadcast layer: fix access points, (i.e.) cell tower connected by fiber, microwave, or satellite (ISP) Ad-hoc/hot-spot layer:wireless LANs

Enhance Mobile GamingExperience enhance wireless capabilities that deliver mobile gaming interaction with less than five seconds

Play online multi player games while traveling at high speeds or sitting outside

Broadband access in Remote location4G will provide a wireless alternative for broadband access

It will provide first opportunity for broadband access in remote locations without an infrastructure to support cable or DSL access.

Modulation DistributionMultiple Modulation Schemes (BPSK, QPSK-16-QAM, and 64-QAM) will be studied to define QoS and Cell Coverage range.Application DistributionThese schemes will be studied to understand the ways in which a Mobile WiMAX connection can be utilize by different subscribers.Maximum number of users per-base station algorithmCapacity Algorithm should increase number of users supported under one BS and reserved bandwidth which will help for better Resource sharing.

Research Challenges

OVERHEAD ANALYSIS

Different Capacity Enhancement parameters will be research and will define in my algorithm by working in Physical and Mac layer of Mobile Wimax to check the impact on overall system capacity.

Research Challenges

Thanking You

*