5abbreviationsregardingurinarysystem-091027160740-phpapp02

8/13/2019 5abbreviationsregardingurinarysystem-091027160740-phpapp02

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Chapter 9

Urinary System

By; Carmelita Chavez


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The urinary system or genitourinary system is acombination of two kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra,and nephrons that work together to produce, store, andeliminate urine.

Sometimes if one or more of the organs are notworking people can develop illnesses and diseases. To detect if someone has an illness there are

diagnostic procedures which can include laboratorytests.

Some abbreviations that represent illnesses and

diagnostic procedures are: BNO, Cath, CC, EU, andUTI.

(Im going to explain in detail BNO, Cath, CC, EU, andUTI.)


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Blockage of the bladder outlet. Often caused byan enlarged prostate gland in males.

Is a condition where the neck of the bladder doesnot open completely during voiding.

BNO occurs mostly in 50 year old males frequentlyafter being diagnose with prostate or had previoushistory of bladder stones.

Also, BNO occurs due to previous history ofbladder tumors, pelvic tumors, or urethral scar

tissue. BNO symptoms in male are abdominal pain, slow

urine flow, frequency, urgency, incontinence, andincomplete emptying when voiding.


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If BNO if is not detected in the early stage it candevelop into bladder cancer.

The urology or physician might recommend somelaboratory tests to determine the cause of BNO.

Those laboratory tests include cystoscopy (x-rayto look inside urethral,) urinalysis (to look for urineinfection,) and uroflowmetry (to know how fasturine flows.)

Treatment for BNO is a Foley Catherer which is a

tube inserted into the bladder or surgery.


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Catheterization is the insertion of a tube through theurethra and into the urinary bladder purpose ofwithdrawing urine or insertion dye.

There are different types of catheters such as; Foley,Robinson, Coude, irrigation, and external Texas.

Catheterization is use for people that are going to havesurgery, or people that cant use a bedpan.

Intermittent catheterization is performed four times aday for patients with urinary incontinence.

Nonintermittent catheterization it remains inserted till

patients can control his/her bladder. Complications of catheterization can include

incontinence, trauma to bladder, and infections thatcan cause fever and inflammation.


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Is a urine sample obtained after cleaning offthe urinary opening and catching or collectinga urine sample in midstream (halfway throughthe urination process to minimizecontamination from the genitalia.

Is a typical urine test where a nurse orephysician gives the patient a cup wherepatient has to put his or her urine.

Is called clean catch for the reason thatbefore patient can urinate in the cup there aresteps to follow.


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First step for a patient prior to this test is to washor wipe genital area with a kit that the doctor mightgive that would include cleansing solution andsterile wipes.

Women should wash between vagina lips. Patient should let genital area dry. Patient should urinate a little in the toilet then

urinate in the cup or container.All of this is to prevent bacteria into getting into the

urine test. Results of this test can indicate excessive amount

of red blood cells, white blood cells, protein, andkidney or bladder infection.


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Injection dye into the bloodstream and then taking anx-ray to trace the action of the kidney as it excretes thedye.

The dye that is used for this test is called iodine-basecontrast.

This test evaluate the kidneys, urinary tract andbladder. Medicine is given through IV.

This test detects tumors in the upper urinary tract,bladder cancer, blood in the urine, and pain.

At the end of the exam patient has to urinate to

eliminate the dye and follow a diet with a lot of fluids.As the dye is injected patient might feel a burning

sensation, headaches, nausea, and vomiting. The dye might cause an allergic reaction to the patient.


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Infection, usually from bacteria, of any organ of theurinary system. Most often begins with cystitis and mayascend into the ureters and kidneys. Most common inwomen because of their shorter urethra.

Escherichia coli is the most common agent forinfection.

Urine contains salts and waste products that killbacteria but once bacteria multiplies in the bladder orkidney it might cause UTI.

Symptoms of UTI are; pain and burning when urinate,

feeling to urinate frequently and not a lot of urinecomes out, bloated stomach, urine has bad odor, painin one side under the ribs, fevers, chills, nausea, andvomiting.


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Drink a lot of water 6-8 cups of 8oz every

day.

Drink cranberry juice

Urinate often

Women should urinate after intercourse to

prevent UTI.

If diagnose with UTI Take full dose ofantibiotics to kill bacteria to prevent future

UTIs.


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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002238.htm

http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.html http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/00

3782.htm http://www.northvistahospital.com/adam/Health%2

0Illustrated%20Encyclopedia/1/003782/ http://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-

tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002238.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002238.htmhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003782.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003782.htmhttp://www.northvistahospital.com/adam/Health%20Illustrated%20Encyclopedia/1/003782/http://www.northvistahospital.com/adam/Health%20Illustrated%20Encyclopedia/1/003782/http://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://health.yahoo.com/urinary-overview/urinary-tract-infections-in-teens-and-adults-topic-overview/healthwise--hw57228.htmlhttp://www.northvistahospital.com/adam/Health%20Illustrated%20Encyclopedia/1/003782/http://www.northvistahospital.com/adam/Health%20Illustrated%20Encyclopedia/1/003782/http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003782.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003782.htmhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/urine-culture-clean-catch/overview.htmlhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002238.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002238.htmhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002238.htm

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