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Sqdnkw dntkmgvkv UbdIvSdn
(IcSv)
s]¸À t{]mPIvSv
sN¼v {Kma-]-©m-b v̄
X¿mdm¡nbXv
D¯chmZn¯ Sqdnkw anj³ Sqdnkw hIp¸v
1
sN¼v {Kma ]©mb¯v
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯v cq]oIrXambXv 1953 emWv. {io hn.C
\mcmbW\mbncp¶p BZy {]knUâv. ]©mb¯nsâ BØm\w {_ÒawKeamWv.
{][m\ambpw aq¶v `mK§fmWv sN¼v ]©mb¯nepÅXv. sN¼v, Im«n¡p¶v,
{_ÒawKew. sN¼v Hcp Zzo]mbn«Ã, Hcp s]\n³kpebmbn«mWv IW¡m¡p¶Xv.
aqhmäp]pgbmÀ th¼\m«pImbepambn kwKan¡p¶ ØeamWv sN¼v. ]pg ImbenÂ
]Xn¡p¶Xn\v ap³]v ]e ssIhcnIfmbn Xncnªv kzm`mhnI Xpcp¯pIÄ
cq]s¸«ncn¡p¶p.GIm´ kpµcamb Xpcp¯pIfpw, sNdptXmSpIfpw,
I¡mSpIfpw, th¼\m«pImbensâ kmao]yhpw sN¼v {Kmas¯ at\mlcam¡p¶p.
ssltd©v taJesb {][n\n[oIcn¡p¶ Ip¶pIfpw, s\¸mS§fpw, sN¼v
{Kma]©mb¯ns\ hyXykvXam¡p¶p.
AXncpIÄ
hS¡v : DZbwt]cqÀ, B¼ÃqÀ ]©mb¯pIÄ
sX¡v : adh´pcp¯v
Ing¡v : shÅqÀ
]Snªmdv : th¼\m«pImbÂ
{][m\Øe§fn \n¶pÅ Zqc§Ä
From Distance Time
\yqUÂln 2770Kms 41 Hrs
Xncph\´]pcw 194Kms 3.5 Hrs
sIm¨n 26Kms 35 Mints
tIm«bw 39Kms 1 Hrs
ssh¡w 6.5Kms 15 Mints
IpacIw 25Kms 35 Mints
2
hmÀUpIÄ : 15
ØnXnhnhcIW¡pIÄ
Pnà : tIm«bw
t»m¡v : ssh¡w
hnkvXo˨w : 18.42N.In.ao
P\kwJy : 21049
]pcpj³amÀ : 10416
kv{XoIÄ : 10633
P\km{µX : 1022
kv{Xo]pcpj A\p]mXw : 984
km£cX : 90%
Ahew_w Censes Data : 2001
{]mtZinI kmaqlnI Ncn{Xw
Øe\maw:
]©mb¯nsâ Ing¡v `mK¯v Xangv hnizIÀ½ {_mÒWÀ GXmv 1200
hÀjw ap³t] Xmakapd¸n¨ncp¶p. sN¼nsâ ]Snªmd³ taJebmb Xoc{]tZi¯v
aÕyw [mcmfw e`n¨ncp¶p. AhÀ CXns\ ""N¼'' F¶mWv hnfn¨ncp¶Xv. B hnfnt¸À
tem]n¨v ""sN¼v'' Bbn XoÀ¶p F¶mWv sFXnlyw.
]©mb¯nsâ Ing¡³ taJebn \à Nph¶ \nd¯nepff a®v
ImWs¸Sp¶pv. Nph¶ a®pÅ `qan F¶À°w hcp¶ ""sNw`q''hmWv
sN¼mbnXoÀ¶sX¶pw asämcp hnizmkapv.
sIm¨n almcmPmhnsâ sIm«mc¯n ]mNI¯n\v D]tbmKn¨psImncp¶
cv sN¼v ]m{X§Ä {]fbw aqew cm{XnIme¯v HgpInt¸mIpIbpw, cmPtkhIÀ Cu
sN¼v At\zmjn¨v sXt¡m«v bm{X sN¿pIbpw, BZyw CS¯cw sN¼v IpIn«nb
Øew ""CSsN¼v'' F¶dnbs¸SpIbpw, XpSÀ¶pÅ At\zmjW¯nÂ
th¼\m«pImbensâ Hmc¯v CSsN¼nsâ sX¡v amdn henb sN¼pw Is¯n
3
C§s\ henb sN¼v Is¯nb {]tZis¯ henb sN¼v tZiw F¶pw Adnbs¸«p
F¶v asämcp hnizmkhpw \nehnepv.
XnchnXmwIqdnsâ t£{X§Ä Ipdhmbncp¶ Ime¯v t£{X
\nÀ½mW¯n\mbn Icn¦Â, kzÀ®, Zmcpinev] sN¦Ãv ]WnIfn kaÀ°cmbncp¶
Xangv hnizIÀ½ {_maWcnÂs¸« A©p IpSpw_§sf X©mhqcn \n¶pw,
XncphnXmwIqÀ cmPm¡·mÀ sN¼nsâ Ing¡³ taJebmb {_ÒawKe v̄
sImphcpIbpw, AhnsS `qan Icsamgnhmbn sImSp¯v Xmakn¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXp.
ChÀ ]WnIgn¸n¨XmWv tIcf¯nse an¡ t£{X§fpw. AhcpsS BZy Xeapd
]WnX t£{XamWv {_ÒawKew taPÀ almtZht£{Xw. GXmv 1200 hÀjw
]g¡apff t£{XamWv. Cu t£{Xw sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯n 7þmw hmÀUnÂ
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. BZyImeXeapdbnÂs¸«hcn Hcp Iq«À kzÀ®]Wnbnepw, Hcp
Iq«À Zmcpinev§Ä \nÀ½n¡p¶Xnepw temlinev]§Ä, ineminev]§Ä, sN¦Ãv
]Wnbnepw {i² tI{µoIcn v̈ ]e hn`mK§fnembn A]qÀÆamb X\Xv
BNmc\pjvTm\§Ä \ne\nÀ¯ns¡mv ChcpsS ]n³Xeapd Ct¸mgpw {_ÒawKe¯v
Pohn¡p¶p.
C¡q«cpsS X\Xv hIbmWv {ioi¦c\mcmbWt£{Xw. BNmcs¸cpabpw,
]gabpw Hcp t]mse AhImis¸Sp¶ Cu t£{X¯n\v Npäpambn Xangv hnizIÀ½
{_mÒWÀ Xmakn¨p hcp¶p.
Irjvinebn IrXyXbpÅ cq]§Ä sIm¯p¶Xn AXn hnZKv²cmWnhÀ.
3,000 hÀj§fpsS ]g¡w AhImis¸Sp¶ ISpiÀ¡ctbmKw F¶
_nw_\nÀ½mWcoXn ChcpsS X\Xv ]mc¼cy ssh`hambn IcpXp¶p. a®pw, Nne ]¨
acp¶pIfpw Ac¨v tNÀ¯pm¡p¶ _nw_ \nÀ½mWcoXnbmWnXv.
XncphnXmwIqÀ, sIm¨n AXnÀ¯n {]tZiambncp¶ sN¼v amÀ¯mWvUhÀ½
almcmPmhnsâ Ime¯v At±l¯nsâ {][m\a{´nbmbncp¶ cma¿À Zfh
XncphnXmwIqdnsâ AXnÀ¯n \nÝbn¡ph\mbn Øm]n¨ncp¶ sImXn¡Ãv Ct¸mgpw
ImWmw. CXnsâ Hcp hi¯v ""sIm'' F¶pw, adphi¯v ""Xn'' F¶pw
sIm¯nbncn¡p¶p.
4
sImXn¡Ãv
XncphnXmwIqÀ sIm¨n cmPy§fpsS AXnÀ¯nbn \nÀ½n¨XmWv CÃnt¡m«.
CXnsâ AhinjvS§Ä Imcyambn Ahtijn¨n«nÃ. IÅ¡S¯v XSbm\mbn
th¼\m«pImbenepw, aqhmäp]pgbmdnepw sN¡v t]mÌpIÄ Øm]n¨ncp¶p.
XncphnXmwIqÀ cmPm¡·mÀ t\cns«¯n AXnÀ¯nIfpw, kwc£W\S]SnIfpw
\nco£n¨ncp¶p. {][m\ bm{Xm amÀ¤w hŧfmbncp¶p. AXpsImv hÅ
\nÀ½mW¯nsâ hnZKvZcmbncp¶p sN¼nse P\kaqlw. ]mNIw DĸsS sN¿mhp¶
h³ hff§Ä \nÀ½n¨ncp¶p. ]pgbn \n¶v t\cn«p ]nSn¨ ao³ sImpÅ
IdnbpĸsS hůnepm¡p¶ `£Ww AXoh cpNnIcambncp¶p. Ing¡³
taJebnse ae©c¡pw CS{]tZis¯ s\¡rjnbpw, Xoc{]tZis¯ aÕye`yXbpw
{]tZis¯ kaoIrX `£W coXnbnepÅXm¡n XoÀ¯p. {]tZi¯nsâ
InS¸\pkcn v̈ \m\mhn[ ]mc¼cysXmgnepIfpw P\§Ä sNbvXncp¶p. Irjnbpw,
Iem]camb IgnhpIfpw, inem\nÀ½mWhpw, aäv ]mc¼cy sXmgnepIfnepÅ
{]mhoWyhpw P\Xsb hyXykvXcm¡n XoÀ¯p.
BZyIme kzmX{´ykachpambn sN¼n\v _Ôapv. XncphnXmwIqdn\v
taÂI¸w ]ncn¡m\pÅ sa¡mse {]`phnsâ \o¡adnªv, XncphnXmwIqÀ cmPmhnsâ
\nÀt±i {]Imcw, ssh¡w ]Zva\m`]nÅ, ]menb¯Ñ³ F¶nhÀs¡m¸w,
XncphnXmwIqdnse \mhnItk\m Xeh\mb sN¼necb\pw tNÀ¶v sa¡msf
{]`phnsâ sIm¨nt¡m« B{Ian¡pIbpw (Ct¸mgs¯ t_mÄKm«n ]mekv),
XShnem¡s¸« sN¼necbs\ ]n¶oSv tamNn¸n¡pIbpamWpmbXv. sN¼necbsâ
hoSpw, DShmfpw aäpw Ct¸mgpw AtX]Sn kwc£n¨ncn¡p¶p.
Ncn{X {]kn²amb Iq\³ Ipciv kXyt¯mSv Ncn{X]camb _ÔapÅXpw 711
hÀjw ]g¡apÅ sN¼v skâv: tXmakv It¯men¡m]Ån sN¼nsâ kmaqlnI
Ncn{X¯n CSw ]nSn¨ncn¡p¶p.
5
]pcmX\amb skâv: tXmakv bmt¡ms_äv ]Ån, skâv: tXmakv
ImtXmen¡m]ÅnbpsS kao]w ØnXn sN¿p¶p.
100 hÀjt¯mfw ]g¡apÅ Hcp apÉow ]Ånbpw sN¼n ImWmw.
`qan imkv{X]camb InS¸\pkcn v̈ XoctaJebn ap¡ph kaqlhpw,
CS\m«n s\Ãv Irjnbpw I¨hShpw sXmgnem¡nb kaqlhpw, Ing¡³ taJebnÂ
ae©c¡v Irjnbpw GÀs¸« kaqlw cq]w sImp.
kmwkv¡mcnI Ncn{Xw:-
]pcmX\amb kwkv¡mc¯nsâ tijn¸pIÄ \ndªXmWv sN¼v
{Kma]©mb¯v. \nch[n Iem kmwkvImcnI {]hÀ¯Isc kw`mh\ sN¿m³ `mKyw
kn²n¨ \mSv.
1200 hÀjw ]g¡apÅ kmkv¡mcnI Ncn{Xw t]dp¶ {_ÒawKew
almtZht£{Xw 1200 hÀjw ap³t] tIcf¯n h¶ Xangv hnizIÀ½ {_mÒWcmÂ
krjvSn¡s¸«XmWv. kz´w kwkvImcw AtX]Sn \ne\nÀ¯n C¶pw Cu P\kaqlw
AhnsS Pohn¡p¶p. inev]Iebn AXoh {]mhoWyapÅhcmWv ChÀ. tIcf¯nÂ
\nch[n t£{X§Ä ChcpsSXmbn ]Wn Ign¡s¸«n«pv.
711 hÀjw ]g¡apÅ sN¼v skâv:tXmaÊv ImtXmen¡m ]Ån Ncn{X
{]kn²amb Iq\³ Ipcniv kXyt¯mSv _Ôs¸«XmWv.
{InkvXy³ kwkvImc¯nsâbpw, 100 hÀjw ]g¡apÅ Im«n¡p¶v apÉow ]Ån
þapÉow kwkvImc¯sâbpw tijn¸pIÄ t]dp¶p.
105 hÀjw ]g¡apÅ kvIqÄ, sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nsâ asämcp
kmwkvImcnItijn¸mWv.
kwkvIrX ]WvUnX\mbncp¶ {io.F³.]n ]Wn¡À, JmZn {]NmcI\mbncp¶
Ipgnthen i¦c]Wn¡À, sN¼n tPm¬ F¶nhcpw {]ikvX
inev]nkp{_ÒWy\mNmcn, `cXv a½q«n, kmlnXyImc\mb sN¼n tPm¬,
{_ÒawKew am[h³ amÌÀ F¶nhcpsS P·w sImv A\p{KloXamWv sN¼v
{Kma]©mb¯v.
{]ikvX kwkvIrX ]WvUnX\mbncp¶ {io. F³ hn ]Wn¡cpsSXmbn \nch[n
IhnXIfpw, kwkvIrX {KÙ§fpapv. {]ikvX kmlnXyImc\mb sN¼n tPm¬
Ct±l¯nsâ \nÀt±im\p{Klt¯msSbmWv kmlnXy cwKt¯bv¡v IS¶Xv.
sN¼n tPm¬:
{]ikvX t\mhenÌmWv sN¼n tPm¬. Ct±l¯nsâ 6 t\mhepIÄ
kn\nabm¡nbn«pv. Fgp]tXmfw t\mhepIfpw, Ht«sd sNdpIYIfpw FgpXnbn«pv.
Hcp X¿Â¡mc\mbn PohnXw Bcw`n¨ sN¼n tPm¬ ]n¶oSv kmlnXy¯nÂ
6
kPohamhpIbmbncp¶p. BZyambn FgpXnb a\pjy³ \cIw krjvSn¡pw F¶
\mSI¯n\v KCBC ]pckvImcw e`n¨n«pv.
`cXv a½q«n:
{]ikvX kn\nam\S³ `cXv a½q«nbpsS P·w sImv A\p{KloXamWv sN¼v
]©mb¯v. 1989, 1993, 1998 F¶o hÀj§fn anI¨ \S\pÅ tZiob AhmÀUv
t\Snbn«pv. 2010 P\phcnbn tIcf kÀÆIemime tlmWän tUmIvStdäv \ÂIn.
1971  XpS§n ap¶qtdmfw Nn{X§fn A`n\bn¨n«pv.
{_ÒawKew am[h³:
Ct±lw Hcp kwkvIrX A²ym]I\mbncp¶p. \nch[n IhnXmkamlmc§Ä
FgpXnbn«pv.
inev]n kp{_ÒWy\mNmcn:
kp{_ÒWy\mNmcn tZhkzw t_mÀUv inev]nbmbncp¶p. {]ikvXamb
]mdta¡mhv t£{X¯nse sIm¯p]WnIÄ, AhnSps¯ hn{K§Ä F¶nh
At±l¯nsâ IchncpXn XoÀ¯hbmWv. ImkÀtImSv A\´]ß\m` kzman
t£{Xw XpS§n \nch[n t£{X§Ä Ct±lw ]Wn Ign¸n¨n«pv.
{_ÒawKew N{µ³ kmÀ:
Ct±lw \mSI\S\pw, Fgp¯pImc\pw, kmwkvImcnI {]hÀ¯I\pambncp¶p.
kmwkvImcnI k¼¶X hnfnt¨mXp¶ \nch[n A\pjvSm\ IemImc³amcpw
sN¼nepv.
]cnØnXn:
]cnØnXn¡mLmXw hcp¯p¶ h³InS ^mIvSdnItfm, IzmdnItfm H¶pw
sN¼n {]hÀ¯n¡p¶nÃ. sXmgnepIfpw ]cnØnXn¡nW§p¶hbmWv.
th¼\m«pImbensâ kmao]yw aqeapmIp¶ thentbähpw, thenbnd¡hpw, IgpIÂ
{]{Inb tXmSpIfpw, ]pgIfpw hr¯nbmbn kwc£n¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p.
Xoc{]tZi¯v ImWs¸Sp¶ I¡mSpIÄ ]cnØnXn kwc£W¯nÂ
apJy]¦v hln¡p¶p. \nch[n ]£nIfpsS BhmktI{µamWv Cu I¡mSpIÄ.
XoctaJesb ]cnØnXn \mi¯n \n¶pw kwc£n¡p¶Xn I¡mSpIÄ \Ã
]¦v hln¡p¶p. ImbÂ, ]pg, ae{]tZiw F¶nhbpsS kmao]yw FÃmhn[
kkyþP´pPme§fpsSbpw amXrIm]camb kwc£Ww km[yamIp¶p.
7
ImemhØ:
tIcf¯nse icmicn ImemhØ sN¼nepw A\p`hs¸Sp¶p. sNdnb
Ip¶pIfpw, kaXe {]tZihpw Xoc{]tZihpw Hcpan v̈ kw`mh\ sN¿p¶ kpJioXfamb
ImemhØ A\p`hs¸Sp¶p. ssltd©nse ISp¯ ssiXytam, kaXe¯nse
ISp¯ NqtSm A\p`hs¸Sp¶nÃ. FÃm EXpt`Z§fpw hyàambn A\p`hs¸Sp¶p,
th¼\m«pImbensâ kmao]yw, a¬kqWnsâ hchv DS\Sn A\p`ht`Zyam¡p¶p.
a®v:
tIcf¯nsâ `q{]IrXnbnse FÃm¯cw a®pw ChnsS ImWs¸Sp¶p.
ssltd©v taJebnse sN½®pw, kaXe¯nse sNfna®pw, Xoc{]tZis¯
D¸pIeÀ¶ s]mSn a®pw ImWs¸Sp¶p. aqhmäp]pgbmÀ Hgp¡n sImphcp¶
F¡Â a®v {]tZi¯v an¡bnS§fnepw ImWmw. Cu a®v shÅs¸m¡Ime¯v
]mStiJc§fn HgpInsb¯n {]tZi¯v ^e`qbnjvSam¡n XoÀ¡p¶p. \Ã
hf¡qdpÅ a®v {]tZi¯v FÃm¯cw ImÀjnIhnfIfpw \¶mbn hfcm³
klmbn¡p¶p. CS\m«n Nne {]tZi§fn ImWs¸Sp¶ shÅ a®v \Ã
ip²Pet{kmXkpIfmWv.
Pet{kmXÊpIÄ
]ÝnaL«¯nse Im\w, XcwKw Ip¶pIfn \n¶v DÛhn¨v 121 IntemaoäÀ
Xmnsb¯p¶ aqhmäp]pgbmdpw, AXnsâ ssIhgnIfpamWv {Kma¯nsâ apJy
Pet{kmXkv. Cu ]pgbpsS Xoc¯pff \nch[nbmbpÅ IpSnshÅ ]²XnIfn \n¶v
{Kma¯nse an¡hmdpw FÃm hoSpIfnepw ip²Pe ss]¸pIÄ hgn
IpSnshÅsa¯p¶pv. Ing¡³ taJeIfnepw, ]Snªmdv Xoc{]tZi¯n\v
sXm«pap¼pÅ {]tZi§fnepw ip²Pew e`n¡p¶ [mcmfw InWdpIÄ Dv. {Kma¯nÂ
[mcmfambn ImWs¸Sp¶ Ipf§fpw {][m\ Pet{kmXkpIfmWv. ]pÃm´nbmdmWv
{]tZi¯nsâ asämcp apJy Pet{kmXkv. ]\¦mhn t£{X¡pfw, {_ÒawKew
A¼e¡pfw, thesâIpfw, tImXIpfw, I³Ipf§cIpfw, ImWn¡m«pIpfw
F¶nhbmWv {]kn²hpw ]gatbdnbXpamb s]mXp Ipf§Ä.
tXmSpIÄ:
a¯p¦Â, ssh¹ticnÂ, amfnIbnÂ, Im«¼Ån, tImW¯v, sNdpXpcp¯v
F¶nhbmWv {][m\ tXmSpIÄ
8
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nse Sqdnkw BIÀjW§Ä
BbqÀthZ acp¶v \nÀ½mWw
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯n C³Uy³ slÀ_vkv Bâv ^mÀakyq«n¡Âkv F¶
BbqÀtÆZacp¶v \nÀ½mW Øm]\w {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. \nch[n BbqÀtÆZ
Huj[§Ä \nÀ½n¡p¶p. AcnjvS§Ä, Bkh§Ä, F®IÄ, Ipg¼pIÄ, tely§Ä,
LrX§Ä F¶nhbpw aäv BbqÀtÆZ acp¶pIfpw \nÀ½n¡p¶p.
hmÀUv-þ11, tUm. Zo]p. 9446270300
BbqÀtÆZ Huj[tXm«w
A]qÀƧfmb BbqÀtÆZ Huj[ kky§fpsS Hcp tXm«w, tUm. Zo]phnsâ
taÂt\m«¯n ]cn]men¡s¸«phcp¶p. kv{Xo kw_\Ôamb tcmK§Ä¡pÅ
Huj[§Ä \nÀ½n¡p¶ AtimIw, s\Ãn, hmXNnInÕbv¡pÅ Ipdpt´m«n, IämÀhmg,
IÃpcp¡n, IogmÀs\Ãn XpS§n At\Iw BbqÀtÆZ Huj[ kky§Ä \«v
]cn]men¡s¸Sp¶p.
hmÀUvþ2 tUmþZo]p. 9446270300
Huj[ KpWapÅ arK§Ä
sh¨qÀ ]ip sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯n {]Zo]v CSb¯v, tKm]IpamÀ I®naäw
F¶nhÀ Huj[KpWapÅ ]mepXcp¶ A]qÀÆbn\w ]ip¡sf hfÀ¯p¶p. s]m¡w
Ipdª C\§fmb sh¨qÀ, hSIc, ae\mSv Ipų F¶obn\§Ä hfÀ¯p¶p.
ChbpsS ]m sImfkvt{SmÄ Dm¡m¯XmWv. NmWIhpw, aq{Xhpw PohmWp hfw
Dm¡m\p]tbmKn¡p¶p.
9
hmÀUv 11 {]Zo]v CSb¯v t^m¬- þ 9447540206
tKm]IpamÀ I®nanäw t^m¬þ9447093219
sh¨qÀ ]ip hSIc ]ip ae\mSvIpff³
A]qÀÆ kkybn\§Ä
A]qÀÆbn\¯nÂs¸« ]¨¡dnIfmb Km¡v, Ktâme, I¸, tN¼v, ap¸Xv Xcw
aäv tN¼n\§Ä, ]{´tmfw Im¨n C\§Ä ASXm¸v, Htcamhn GgpXcw
am§bpmIp¶ amhv, a[pcXpfkn, XpS§n At\Iw A]qÀÆbn\w kky§Ä
]cn]men¡s¸Sp¶p.
hmÀUv 11, {]Zo]v CSb¯v t^m¬: 9447540206
a¬hoSv
sN¦Ãv sImv sI«nbpÀ¯n Ifna®v sImv ¹mÌdnwKv \S¯nbpm¡nb Hcp
A]qÀÆ \nÀ½nXnbmWv a¬hoSv. tIcf¯n hfsc A]qÀÆamWv a¬hoSv.
hmÀUv 11 {]Zo]v CSb¯v 9447540206
10
inev]\nÀ½mWw
tIcf¯n t£{X§fn Ipdhmbncp¶ Ime¯v XncphnXmwIqÀ cmPm¡·mÀ
X©mhqcn \n¶pw hcp¯nb Xangv hnizIÀ½ {_mÒWcpsS hwi]c¼c C¶pw
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nse {_ÒawKew tZi¯v Zmcp, inev], teml inev] \nÀ½mWw
\S¯n hcp¶p. tIcf¯nse an¡ t£{X§fpw ChcpsS IchncpXnÂ
cq]s¸«hbmWv. ISpiÀ¡ctbmKw F¶ ]pcmX\ _nw_ \nÀ½mWcoXnbn ChcpsS
ap³Xeapd¡mÀ XoÀ¯ hn{KlamWv Xncph\´]pcw A\´]Zva\m`kzman
t£{X¯nepÅXv. ImkÀtKmUv A\´]Zva\m`kzman t£{Xw, I®qÀ amSmbn¡mhv
`KhXn t£{Xw, Xncph«mÀ BZntIihs]cpamÄ t£{Xw F¶nhbmWv aäv {][m\
t£{X§Ä. Ct¸mgs¯ {]apJ inev]n. {io. ssIemkmWv. hmÀUv 7
t^m¬þ9995010782
IcIuiehkvXp \nÀ½mWw
Cuds¸mfnbn \nÀ½n¡p¶ hkvXp¡Ä t\À¯ Cuds¸mfnbnÂ
AXnat\mlcambn cq]Iev]\ sNbvXv, At\Iw IuXpIhkvXp¡Ä \nÀ½n¡p¶p.
iwJv, I¸pw tkmkdpw, Inn, ]q¸m{Xw F¶nh at\mlcambn \nÀ½ns¨Sp¡p¶p.
hmÀUv 7 aWnb³Ip¶v tImf\n, \n[ojv IpamÀþ907283003
11
Ip« \nÀ½mWw
{io. \n[ojv Ipamdnsâ amXmhv Cuds¸mfnbn AXnhnZKvXambn Ip«
s\bvsXSp¡p¶p.
lukvt_m«v amXrIIÄ
XSn¡jW§Ä D]tbmKn v̈ lukv t_m«v amXrIIfpw, DW§nb tX§
D]tbmKn¨v Ipc§v XpS§nb cq]§fpw Dm¡p¶p.
hmÀUvþ2, jmPnþ9895787315
Ip«s\bv¯v:
No´n hr¯nbm¡nb apfwNofnIÄ D]tbmKn¨v henb Ip«IÄ s\¿p¶p. tX§
apXembh Npa¶v sImpt]mIphm³ D]tbmKn¡p¶p.
hmÀUv 13 cho{µ³ ]Ån¡¨nd t^m¬ þ 9567538650
12
kzÀ®¸Wn
]c¼cmKXamb coXnbn kzÀ®¸Wn sN¿p¶hÀ sN¼v, {_ÒawKew,
{]tZi¯mWv. b{´§fpsS IS¶pIbäw Cu sXmgn taJesb Npcp¡nbncn¡p¶p.
kzÀ®¸Wn sN¿p¶hcn NneÀ
hmÀUv þ 7cmtPjvþ9656553829
A]qÀÆXbpÅ hr£§Ä
Cc«ebpÅ sX§ v
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯n cmw hmÀUn {io. \cknwl\mbn¡nsâ
]pcbnS¯n A]qÀÆambn ImWs¸Sp¶ Cc«¯ebpÅ sX§v ImWp¶p.
13
\mK]pjv]w (Im\³ t_mÄ{Sn)
aq¶mw hmÀUn ImWs¸Sp¶ Cu A]qÀÆ hr£w ]e coXnbnepw
hyXykvXamWv. AXnat\mlc§fmb henb ]q¡Ä XmbvXSnbn hncnbp¶p.
XmbvXSnbn¯s¶ ^pUvt_mÄ hen¸¯nepÅ ImbvIfpw DmIp¶p.
Ip¶¯pho«n \qämpIÄ ]g¡apÅ Cu A]qÀÆ hr£w ImWs¸Sp¶p.
ss]³acw:
kpKÔapÅ Idbp¸mZn¸n¡p¶ Cu hr£¯nse XSnbnepmIp¶
apdnhneqsS HgpInhcp¶ Id sXÅns¸mSn F¶dnbs¸Sp¶p. Hcp kpKÔ{Zhyambpw,
t£{XmNmc§Ä¡pw Cu s]mSn D]tbmKn¡p¶p. sN¼v 13þmw hmÀUn t]mÌm^okv
PwKvj\nemWv Cu acw ImWs¸Sp¶Xv.
14
B\apf (tam¦napf)
Bdv C©v hsc h®w hbv¡p¶ A]qÀÆbn\¯nÂs¸« apfhÀKw. sIm«
apXembh s\¿m\p]tbmKn¡p¶p.
ImhpIÄ:
]pcmX\ kwkv¡mc¯nsâ tijn¸pIfmWv kÀ¸¡mhpIÄ. ]cnØnXn
kwc£W¯n \à ]¦v hln¡p¶ kÀ¸¡mhpIÄ, sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nÂ
an¡hmdpw FÃm hmÀUnepw ImWs¸Sp¶p. \m\mPmXn A]qÀÆ hr£§fptSbpw,
]£narKmXnIfptSbpw Bhmk tI{µamWv ImhpIÄ. [mcmfw Huj[ kky§fpw
ImWs¸Sp¶p. Hcn¡epw häm¯ Ipf§fpw, hntijs¸« kÀ¸mcm[\bpw,
Ifgsagp¯pw ]m«pw t]msebpff A\pjvTm\ IeIfpw, ImhpItfmS\p_Ôn v̈
\S¯s¸Sp¶p. \nehn ImhpIÄ ImWs¸Sp¶ Øe§Ä
Ip¶¯pImhv
15
sN¼Iticn¡mhv hmÀUv 12
Ip¶¯pImhv hmÀUv3
]m¸pftÈcn¡mhv hmÀUv 14
BtfImSv hmÀUv 15
Xr¸mZ]pcw hmÀUv 1
Ip¶¯v hmÀUv 5
sN¼necbsâ P·Krlw
Ncn{X {]m[m\yapÅ sN¼necbsâ P·Krlw AtX]Sn kwc£n¨ncn¡p¶p.
XncphnXmwIqÀ cmPmhnsâ \mhnItk\Xeh\mbncp¶p. cmPap{ZIÄ, DShmÄ, kam[n
F¶nh Ct¸mgpw ImWmhp¶XmWv.
DShmÄ
hmÀUv 14
sIm{]\nÀ½mWw
]c¼cmKX sXmgnemb sIm{]\nÀ½mWw C¶v A]qÀÆamtb {KmaoW
sXmgnembn \ne\n¡p¶pÅq. tX§ s]mXn v̈ DS¨v DW¡n Nnc«bn \n¶pw
thÀs]Sp¯n sIm{]bm¡n B«n F®bm¡p¶p.
hmÀUv 1cmtPjv : 9847578372
16
sN¼v ^njv emânwKv
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯n th¼\m«pImb Xoc¯v Hcp henb aÕyhn]W\
tI{µapv. ImbÂ, \mS³ aÕy§Ä ChnsS hn]W\w sN¿p¶p. cmhnse 6.30 apXÂ
7.30 hscbmWv {]hÀ¯\ kabw. \mS³ ao\pIÄ ImWm\pw hm§m\pw Dff
kuIcyapv.
]pcmX\ lnµp XdhmSpIÄ
\qämpIÄ ]g¡apÅ H¶ne[nIw ]pcmX\ hmkvXp hnZymcoXnbnÂ
]WnIgn¸n¨ lnµp`h\§Ä ]qÀ®ambpw XSnbn \nÀ½n¨ \mepsI«pw \Spapähpw
DÅXmWv Cu hoSpIÄ.
Ip¶¯v XdhmSv, {_mÒawKew sN¼ItÈcnXdhmSv sN¼v 170 hÀjw
Ip¶¯v XdhmSv, {_ÒawKew sN¼ItÈcnXdhmSv sN¼v 170 hÀjw
sN¼ItÈcn XdhmSv hmÀUv 12 iàn[c³ \mbÀ : 9497729838
17
]pcmX\ {InkvXy³ XdhmSv
\qdv hÀjt¯mfw ]g¡apÅ ]pcmX\ {InkvXy³ XdhmSmWv s\Ãn¡p¶¯v
{InkvXy³ XdhmSv.
s\Ãn¡p¶¯v, {_ÒawKew
hmÀUv 5
hmtZym]IcW§Ä Dm¡p¶ hyànIÄ
arZwKw, hben³, lmÀtamWnbw XpS§nb hmtZym]cW§Ä \nÀ½n¡pIbpw,
dn¸bÀ sN¿pIbpw sN¿p¶p.
hmÀUv 14apcfn : 9288901283
A\pjvTm\ Iemcq]§Ä
]Xnaq¶mw hmÀUn {io. _meIrjvW¡WnbmcpsS t\XrXz¯n \mKkzcw,
KÔÀƳ ]m«v, Ifsagp¯v, kÀ¸w ]m«v, DSp¡mw]m«v F¶o A\pjvTm\IeIfnÂ
{]mhoWyw t\Snb kwLw {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p.
t^m¬ : 9846794127
18
DZbw]qP
amÀ¨v, G{]n amk§fnse shÅn, i\n, RmbÀ Znhk§fn \S¡p¶ Hcp
kmaqlnImNmcamWv DZbw]qP. Hcp hnfshSp¸pÕhamWv. Acns¸mSn, ]©marXw,
F¶nh tNÀ¯v IÅn Ipg v̈ shfns¨®bn Dm¡nsbSp¡p¶ A¸w
kqcytZhs\ k¦ev]n¨v \nthZn¡p¶p. \nehn 13þmw hmÀUn DZbw]qP \S¡p¶p.
{iocmaIrjvW]pcµ\mµ B{iaw
thZm´ dnkÀ v̈ skâÀ
sN¼v
t^m¬þ9633371229
hn`mKnbXIÄ¡XoXambn kIeaX§fnepw thZÚ³amÀ kw{Kln¨ncn¡p¶
kn²m´§Ä {]Ncn¸n¡pI F¶ e£yt¯mSpIqSn kzman k\mX\mµ]pcnbm 1994
 Øm]n¡s¸«XmWv Cu B{iaw. Ct±lw sNdp¸¯nse k\ymkw kzoIcn¨p.
e`yamb tkh\§Ä
1. thZm´ dnkÀ v̈
2. thZm´¯n {]`mjW§Ä
3. thZm´]T\¯n\pÅ kuIcyw
4. tlmantbm NnInÕ
6. ssN\m \nÀ½nXamb »Uv kÀ¡pteädn akmPÀb{´ap]tbmKn¨pÅ NnInÕ.
H«\h[n tcmK§Ä¡v tlmantbm NnInÕ \S¯p¶p.
»Uv kÀ¡pteädn akmPnwKv b{´ap]tbmKn v̈ {]jÀ, {]talw, sImfkvt{SmÄ,
AÔX F¶nhbv¡v NnInÕ \ÂIp¶p.
19
7. bm{´nIambmNnInÕ
Rc¼pIfpsS tPmbnâpIfpsSbpw kvYm\w sXäemWv H«pan¡tcmK§fpsSbpw
aqeImcWsa¶ XXzamWv bm{´nIambm NnInÕbpsS XXzw. \s«Ãv tXbvam\w,
ap«pthZ\, Ijn, Dd¡¡pd¨nÂ, XeId¡w, HmÀ½¡pdhv F¶pXpS§n H«\h[n
tcmK§Ä¡v Cu NnInÕmhn[n \S¯p¶p.
tkmdnbmknkv, imcocnI thZ\IÄ, ]\n F¶nhbv¡v Huj[ambn
D]tbmKn¡p¶ ]hngaÃn F¶ BbqÀthZacp¶p B{ia¯nepv.
]ip^mapIÄ
1. tIih³ \mbÀ sN¼v
]ip C\§Ä : k¦cbn\w
F®w : 8
]m : 45 enäÀ Hcp Znhkw
t^m¬ : 9497579611
2. iàn[c³\mbÀ
]ip C\§Ä : tPgvkn
BsI F®w : 15
]m Afhv : Hcp Znhkw 10 enäÀ
t^m¬ : 9447729838
3. {]Zo]v CSb¯v
]ip C\§Ä : sh¨qÀ, ae\mSv Ipų, hSIc
BsI ]m : 4 enäÀ Znhkw
t^m¬ : 9447540206
20
tImgn hfÀ¯Â ^mw
C\w ap«t¡mgn hfÀ¯Â
F®w þ 150
jmln\ þ 9446714904
aÕy^mapIÄ
AIzmt]mWnIvkv coXnbnepw aÕyIpf§fnepw, ImÀ¸v Xnem¸n, Icnao³
XpS§nb aÕybn\§Ä sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nsâ ]Snªmd³ taJebn [mcmfw
t]À sN¿p¶pv. IrjncoXnIsf¡pdn v̈ ]Tn¡m\pw, aÕy§sf ImWm\pw,
hm§n¡phm\pw kuIcyapv. tXmSpIÄ, Ipf§Ä XpS§nbhbn hehncn¨psI«n,
aÕy¡pªp§sf \nt£]n¡p¶p. Icnao³, Xnem¸nb F¶nhbv¡v Hcp hÀjw hsc
hfÀ¨sb¯pt¼mÄ hnfshSp¡p¶p.
{][m\ aÕy^mapIÄ
1. t]cv þ N{µ³, t^m¬ 9747123580
hmÀUv 15, 40 skâv, Øew Ipt¼Â `mKw
Irjn þ Xnem¸nb
2. t]cv þ kµo]v, t^m¬ 9961584554
hmÀUv þ 15, 50 skâv, Ipt¼Â `mKw
Irjn þ Icnao³
3. t]cv þ _m¸pIp«n, t^m¬ 9447729738
hmÀUv þ 2, 60 skâv, Øew þ Im«n¡p¶v
Irjn þ Icnao³
4. ]mem¡mcn ^njv̂ mw
21
Kh. DSaØXbnepÅXmWv ]mem¡mcn ^njv^mw. 175 slIvSÀ Øe¯v
sNdpao³, sN¼Ãn, Icnao³ F¶nh Irjn sN¿p¶p. ^man \nehn Sqdnkw
kuIcyw Dv.
5. t]cv þ kPn, t^m¬ þ 9495270187
Iqt¼Â teIvhyq
hmÀUv þ 2, Øew 50 skâv, hmÀUvþ 2
Irjn þ Icnao³
6. t]cv þ kPn, t^m¬ þ 9961301391
Iqt¼Â hmÀUv þ 15, Øew þ 2 G¡À
Irjn þ Icnao³
7. AIzm t]mWnIvkv Irjn
t]cv þ {]Zo]v, hmÀUv þ 11, t^m¬ þ 9447540206
Øew þ 1 skâv
Irjn þ Xnem¸nb
]c¼cmKX coXnbnepÅ Nmb¡S
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nÂ, apdnª]pg ]me¯n\v kao]w emânwKv tdmUnÂ
]c¼cmKX coXnbnepÅ Nmb¡S ØnXn sN¿p¶p. \mS³ ]elmc§fpw aoäÀ
NmbbpamWv {]tXyIXIÄ.
s{]mss{]äÀ {io. kpKX³, t^m¬ \¼À þ 9061014605
Xmdmhp hfÀ¯Â
22
Xmdmhp hfÀ¯Â \mS³ coXnbn sN¿p¶p. A³]tXmfw XmdmhpIsf Hcpan v̈
hfÀ¯p¶p.
t]cv þ kXn, t^m¬ þ 9633215156
aÕy_Ô\ coXnIÄ
]c¼cmKX coXnbnepÅ aÕy_Ô\ coXnIÄ sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nsâ
]Snªmd³ taJebn [mcmfapv. hfsc BIÀjIamb coXnbn ao³ ]nSn¡p¶
coXnIÄ Adnbmhp¶hÀ Cu taJebn Dv.
1. shÅhen:
Ipcpt¯me NcSn sI«n AXp]tbmKn¨pÅ aÕy_Ô\w
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯n 15þmw hmÀUn \nch[nt]À Cu sXmgnen hnZKv²cmWv.
\nehn shÅhen sXmgn sN¿p¶hÀ
t]cvþA`nemjv, t^m¬þ9744496958
Ct±l¯nsâ t\XrXz¯n 12 t]cmWv Cu sXmgn \nehn sN¿p¶Xv.
2. ao³X¸n]nSp¯w
shůn ap§n AXn hnZKv²ambn ao\pIsf sNfnbn \n¶v
X¸nsbSp¡p¶p. ]ůnt]mepÅ sNdnb ao\pIfmWv C§ns\ X¸nsbSp¡p¶Xv.
\nehn X¸n]nSp¯w sXmgnem¡nbhÀ.
1. \µn\n, t^m¬þ9744496958, hmÀUvþ15
2. kptemN\, t^m¬þ9747469349, hmÀUvþ15
3. kXn, t^m¬þ9961584554
23
I¡hmcÂ
Imben ap§n ssIsImv I¡ hmcnsbSp¯v ]pgp§n Cd¨n
thÀs¸Sp¯nsbSp¡p¶p.
\nehn I¡hmc sXmgnen GÀs¸«ncn¡p¶hÀ
1. _m_p. C. BÀ t^m¬þ9847221623
2. _nt\mbv t^m¬ þ 061285236
3. A\nÂIpamÀ t^m¬þ9995143764
4. ktPjv t^m¬þ9605951714
5. jmPn t^m¬þ8138824487
6. ctai³ t^m¬ þ 9961808955
7. aWnb³ t^m¬þ9746072659
8. {]Imi³ t^m¬þ9656807553
9. sdPn t^m¬þ9947612536
hehoiÂþhoiphe D]tbmKn¨v ao³ ]nSn¡p¶ coXn.
\nehn hoiphe D]tbmKn¨v aÕy_Ô\w \S¯p¶hÀ
24
1. N{µ³ t^m¬þ9747123580, hmÀUvþ15
2. A`nemjv t^m¬þ9744496958
3.ktPjv t^m¬þ9605951714
4. knPn t^m¬þ9961832468, hmÀUvþ11
DS¡phe aÕy_Ô\w
1. t]cvþ_m_p C. BÀt^m¬þ9847221623, hmÀUvþ12
2. kXy³ t^m¬þ9446687455, hmÀUvþ11
Hgp¡phe
A¸pIp«³, t^m¬þ9844657673
I¼he
Icbn \n¶pw Dd¸n¨ I¼pIfn Dd¸n¨hebp]tbmKn¨pÅ aÕy_Ô\w \nehnÂ
I¼heIÄ ssIhiapÅhÀ
1. X¦¨³, t^m¬þ9497321342, hmÀUv-þ11
semt¡j³ : sN¼v ^njv emân§v ]n³hiw
2. _nµp, t^m¬þ9747151652, hmÀUvþ14
25
]¸S \nÀ½mWw
]c¼cmKX coXnbn ]¸Sw \nÀ½n¡p¶hÀ
hmÀUvþ6
]c¼cmKXcoXnbn ]¸Sw \nÀ½n¡p¶ Ccp]tXmfw IpSpw_§Ä sN¼v Bdmw
hmÀUnepv.semt¡j³: {_ÒawKew
bmt¡m_mb ]Ånbv¡v ]n³hiw
]gbIme ImÀjntIm]IcW§Ä
A]qÀÆambn ImWp¶ ]gbIme ImÀjntIm]IcW§Ä
Øew: hmÀUvþ3
Ip¶¯v ho«n {io cmLh tat\m³ XdhmSv
N{Iw, Rhcn F¶nh
26
Xg¸mb \nÀ½mWw
ssIXtbmebn \ns¶Sp¡p¶ \mcpsImpÅ ]mb \nÀ½mWw
1. Pb t^m¬ þ 9947968738, hmÀUvþ11
2. caWn t^m¬ þ 9562372436, hmÀUvþ11
IbÀ\nÀ½mWw
NIncn\mcpsImv AXnhnZKv²ambn IbÀ ]ncn¡p¶ coXn AXymIÀjWamWv.
1. CµncmKpW`{Z t^m¬þ974711350 hmÀUv--þ11
2. Dj t^m¬þ8547642251 hmÀUvþ13
3.Hma\ t^m¬þ9547554932 hmÀUvþ13
4. {]oX AtimI³ t^m¬þ9961656941 hmÀUv þ13
27
5. tim` kptc{µ³ t^m¬þ996169093 hmÀUvþ13
6. A½nWn tKm]n t^m¬: 8606121075 hmÀUvþ13
HmesaS¨nÂ
1. Xpfkn, t^m¬þ9846422495
sX§pIbäw
]c¼cmKX coXnbn sX§pIbdp¶ coXn
28
1. ]hn{X³ t^m¬ þ 8606505882
2. hn¨p t^m¬ þ 95444931195
IÅv sN¯v
\nehn IÅv sN¯v tPmenbn GÀs¸«ncn¡p¶hÀ
1. sdPn t^m¬.
2. hnizw`c³ t^m¬ þ 99964115184
3. t__n t^m¬ þ 9061686022
4. knPp t^m¬ þ 8547371213
5. AtimI³ t^m¬ þ 9747222715
I¡mSpIÄ
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nsâ ]Snªmd³ taJebn [mcmfw I¡mSpIÄ
ImWs¸Sp¶p. ImgvNbn AXnat\mlchpw [mcmfw ]£narKmZnIfpsS
BhmktI{µhpamWv. [mcmfw ip²hmbp e`n¡p¶ I¡mSpIfn IqSnbpÅ
{]`mXkhmcn AXy´w Dt·jZmbIamWv. [mcmfw ]£nItfbpw ImWm³ km[n¡pw.
HmWmtLmj§Ä
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nse an¡hmdpw FÃmhmÀUpIfnepw HmWmtLmj ]cn]mSnIÄ
\m«pImcpw ¢ºpIfpw tNÀ¶v Hcp¡p¶pv.
HmWmtLmj¯nsâ Sqdnkw BIÀjW§Ä
1. ]c¼cmKX BNmc§fmb XncphmXncIfn, taml\nbm«w, h«¡fn, IpSwXÃv,
sdm«nISn, kpµcn¡v s]m«pIp¯Â, hnhn[ \mS³IfnIÄ, hnhn[ \mS³
\r¯§Ä, hSwhen F¶nh ImWm\pw ]s¦Sp¡m\papÅ Ahkcw.
29
2. HmWkZy
]c¼cmKX Z£nWhn`h§Ä hoSpIfn X¿mdm¡n Ign¡p¶ HmWkZy
HmW¯nsâ am{Xw {]tXyIXbmWv. A]qÀƧfmbn am{Xw X¿mdm¡p¶
HmWkZybn ]s¦Sp¡mw. Hmtcm hoSpIfnepw HmWkZy X¿mdm¡p¶pv.
C©n¡dn, ]¨apfIpIdn, am§m¡dn, \mc§mA¨mÀ, DÅn¡dn, Imf³, Hme³,
km¼mÀ, AhnbÂ, Imbhdp¯Xv, iÀ¡c]pc«n, tN\hdp¯Xv, NoS
XpS§nbhbmWv X¿mdm¡p¶ HmWhn`h§Ä
]q¡fsamcp¡Â
hnhn[bn\w ]q¡Ä sImv AXnat\mlcambn X¿mdm¡p¶XmWv HmW¸q¡fw.
XncpthmWZnhkw cmhnse HmWmtLmj I½nänIÄ ]q¡faÕcw kwLSn¸n¡mdpv.
SqdnÌpIÄ¡v A[nI NnehnÃmsX Iem ]cn]mSnIÄ BkzZn¡mw.
1. \· dknU³kv Atkmkntbj³, hmÀUv 11
2. XncpthmWw ¢ºv, hmÀUv 13
3. s]m³]pecn BÀSvkv ¢ºv
4. XcwKnWn BÀSvkv Bâv kvt]mÀSvkv ¢ºv, hmÀUv 1
5. bph BÀSvkv Bâv kvt]mÀSvkv ¢ºv, hmÀUv 3
XncphmXncIfn kwLw
{ioaXn kmhn{XnbpsS t\XrXz¯n \· XncphmXncIfn kwLw F¶ t]cnÂ
XncphmXnc, ssIsIm«n¡fn F¶nh AhXcn¸n¡p¶ kwLw {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p.
t^m¬: 9995835268
\mS³ hÅwIfn ¢ºpIÄ
HmWmtLmj¡me¯v sN¼v apdnª]pgbn HmWmtLmj ¢ºpIÄ
\mS³hÅw Ifn kwLSn¸n¡p¶pv.
30
¢ºpIÄ
1. \· kmwkvImcnIthZn ^njv emânwKv skâÀ, sN¼v
A©papX Ggphsc t]À IqSn Xpgbp¶ sNdphŧfpsS Xpg¨n aÕcw D{XmS
Znhkw cmhnsebmWv Xpg¨n aÕcw XpS§pI. ]Xn\t©mfw hŧÄ
]s¦Sp¡p¶pv.
sk{I«dn : Kncojv, t^m¬ : 9495875836
semt¡j³ ^njv emânwKv skâÀ
2. aeÀhmSn BÀSvkv Bâv kvt]mÀSvkv ¢ºv
c£m[nImcn : cmtPjv, t^m¬: 8129396899
semt¡j³. sN¼v ^njv emânwKv
3. XncpthmWw BÀSvkv Bâv kvt]mÀSvkv ¢ºv, apdnª]pg sN¼v
semt¡j³. Im«m¼ÅnImbÂ
{]knUâv, t^m¬: 8138078761
cwKw kmwkvImcnI thZn ]md¸pdw, hmÀUv 8
{^vkv BÀSvkv Bâv kvt]mÀSvkv ¢ºv, hmÀUv þ9
8. civan BÀSvkv Bâv kvt]mÀSvkv ¢ºv
s\¡rjn
s\¡rjn \S¡p¶ ]mStiJc§Ä A]qÀÆ `wKnbpÅ ImgvNIfmWv.
1. sN¼v ]\¦mhv ]mStiJcw
]\¦mhv t£{X¯n\v Npäpw ImWp¶ ]mStiJcw ]\¦mhv t£{X¯n\v Npäpw
ImWp¶ ]mStiJcw A¼e¯nsâ kmao]yhpw sImv at\mlcamWv.
hmÀUv 12
2. AcnIp]pdw ]mStiJcw
31
hmÀUv 4
s\¡rjn XpS§p¶Xv Pq¬amk¯nemWv. sk]vXw_dn hnfshSp¸v
DÄ\mS³ ssk¡nÄ khmcn
ssk¡nfn DÄ{Kma§fntebv¡v bm{XsN¿mhp¶ Øe§Ä Imb Xoc¯v
\n¶v XpS§n sNdnb I\mepIfpsS Xoc¯pIqSn I¡mSpIÄ, hnP\amb
Xpcp¯pIÄ, s\Â]mS§Ä hgn DbÀ¶ Ip¶n³ {]tZi¯v F¯p¶Xv Hcp A]qÀÆ
A\p`hambncn¡pw.
PmXnIrjn tXm«§Ä
\nehn ]©mb¯nse Xoc{]tZisamgn¨pÅ an¡hmdpw FÃmhmÀUpIfnepw
PmXnt¯m«§fpv.
{][m\PmXn Irjnt¯m«w
tXtcg¯v tPmk^v tXmakv
hmÀUv 11
t^m¬ : 9480351205
32
ss]\m¸nÄ Irjnt¯m«w
hmÀUv 6
hmg¡rjnt¯m«w
hmÀUv 15
hmÀUv 2
kPn\n t^m¬ 9447702394
dºÀ Irjnt¯m«w
hmÀUv 6,7
33
]£n\nco£Ww
hnP\amb AdmXpImcn (hmÀUv 3) ]mStiJc§fnepw kao]¯pÅ IÂImSv
{]tZi§fnepw, \oÀ¨mepIfnepw [mcmfw ]£nIÄ ImWs¸Sp¶p. tZimS\]£nIÄ
DÄs¸sS F¯p¶p.
ImWs¸Sp¶ ]£nIÄ
1. ]pÅv
2. ]cp´v
3. D¸³
4. Im¡¯¼pcm«n
5. sIm¡v
6. ao³sIm¯n
7. \oÀ¡m¡
8. Icnbne¡nfn
9. aª¡nfn
10. IpbnÂ
11. Ipcphn
12. aq§
13. Fc
t£{X§Ä
1200 hÀjw hcw ]g¡apÅXpw [mcmfw sIm¯p]WnIfpÅ t£{X§Ä
kµÀin¡pI. SqdnÌpIÄ¡v Hcp \à A\p`hambncn¡pw. an¡hmdpw FÃm
t£{X§fnepw A\pjvTm\ IeIÄ DÕht¯mS\p_Ôn v̈ \S¯s¸Sp¶p.
34
sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nse {][m\ Xpcp¯pIÄ
Imb Xpcp¯pIÄ
th¼\m«p Imbente¡v F¯nt¨cp¶Xn\v ap³]pw ]n³]pw aqhmäp]pgbmÀ
]essIhgnIfmbn ]ncnªv [mcmfw at\mlcamb Xpcp¯IÄ cq]s¸«ncn¡p¶p. Cu
Xpcp¯pIÄ NneXv hnP\hpw aäv NneXv P\hmkapÅXpamWv. tlmwtÌIÄ,
dntkmÀ«pIÄ F¶nhbpw A\ptbmPyamWv. Cu Xpcp¯pIÄ \mephihpw
shům Npäs¸«pInS¡p¶p. Cu Xpcp¯pIÄ hml\kuIcyanÃm¯Xpw
AXn\m aen\oIcWw IpdªXpamWv. Nne Xpcp¯pIÄ Imbenepw
NneXpcp¯pIÄ ]pgbnepw ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
InS¸vþaqhmäp]pgbmÀ Imben F¯p¶Xn\v ap³]v cmbn ]ncnªv cq]w
sImncn¡p¶XmWv ]qss¡XXpcp¯v.
1. ]qss¡XXpcp¯v
hnkvXoÀ®w 17 G¡À
BsI hoSpIÄ 42
th¼\m«v Imben\v Ing¡v hi¯mWv ]qss¡XXpcp¯v
2. IrjvW³Xpcp¯v
BsI hoSpIÄ 12
hnkvXoÀ®w þ 6 G¡À
Xpcp¯nte¡v hml\ kuIcyapv. Hcp sNdnb t£{Xhpw ChnsSbpv.Im«n¡p¶v
Ing¡phiambmWv Xpcp¯nsâ InS¸v
3. imkvXmw Xpcp¯v
BsI hoSpIÄ þ12
35
hnkvXoÀ®wþ7 G¡À
IrjvW´pcp¯n\v sXm«Sp¯mbmWv imkvXmw Xpcp¯nsâ InS¸v
4. \Sp¯pcp¯v
th¼\m«v Imben tNÀ¶v ImWs¸Sp¶p. hnkvXoÀ®w þ20 G¡À
5. se\n³Xpcp¯v
th¼\m«v Imben ØnXn sN¿p¶p.
6. Iqt¼Â Xpcp¯v
hnkvXoÀ®w 12 G¡À
th¼\m«p Imben ØnXnsN¿p¶ hnP\amb Xpcp¯v.
\nehnepÅ Sqdnkw kuIcy§Ä
\nehn ]ehn[ Sqdnkw kuIcy§Ä sN¼v {Kma]©mb¯nepv.
at\mlcamb Xpcp¯pIfpw, ]pgbpw, ssItXmSpIfpw, Imbepw kz´ambpÅ sN¼nÂ
[mcmfw hnt\mZk©mcnIÄ Ct¸msg¯p¶pv. b{´hÂIrX \mS³ hŧfpw,
b{´¯nsâ klmbanÃmsX {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ \mS³coXnbn Hm¸tdäv sN¿p¶
hŧfpapv. sNdnb ssItXmSpIfneqsSbpw, ImbÂXpcp¯pIsf Npänbpw
kÀÆokv \S¯p¶p. [mcmfw dntkmÀ«pIfpw, tlmwtÌIfpw sN¼nepw ]cnkc¯pambn
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶pv. at\mlcamb coXnbn `wKnbpÅ Xpcp¯pIfn dntkmÀ«pIÄ
Dv. th¼\m«v Imben Cd§nIpfn¡mhp¶ BgwIpdª Øe§Ä.
th¼\m«v Imben ^njv emânwKv skâdn \n¶pw hS¡v ]Snªmdmbn Hcp
G¡tdmfw Øew Bgw IpdªXmWv. Cu Øe¯v Cd§nIpfn¡pIbpw, I¡hmcÂ
XpS§nb hnt\mZ§fn GÀs¸SpIbpw sN¿mw.
36
_mIv hm«À Sqdnkw: SqÀ Hm¸tdtägvkv, apdnª]pg
1. Indo World Man Power Shikkara:9447037527-14 Pass
2. Ethnic Voyages: Man Power Shikkara:9446436439-12 Pass
3. Land scape Kerala Holiday Man Power Shikkara:8281246649-15 Pass
4. Country gate-back water 9495445040-10 Pass
5. Vattathuruthu back water 9895136503-15 Pass
6. Dhanyapuri Resorts Back Water 9605047685
Motoriscd shikkara-2 Nos:8 Pass eatch
Man Power Shikkara-2 Nos, 15,40 Pass
Single bed H bacat:1:15 Pass
7. Kumbel lake view:-9495270187
One bed room motorised H boat:17 Pass
8. Kayalodi back water-9744795909
Motorised sshikkara-12 Pass
Resorts and Home Stays
1. Kerala Palace Somatheeram
sN¼v Iqt¼Â Xpcp¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶ at\mlcamb dntkmÀ«v 10
G¡tdmfw hcp¶ Zzo]v. tIcf hmkvXp\nÀ½mW coXnbnepÅ tImt«PpIÄ 36
F.kn tImt«PpIÄ Dv.
2. Kumbel lake view Homestay
Kumbel Island chembu, Ph. 9495270187
One A/C Hut. 2 Non A/c rooms
3. Dhanyapuri Resort: Poothootta-9605047685
4. Bed rooms
Vattathuruthu Island: 9895136503
Amballoor, Kanjaramattom
5. Bedroom 1 A/c, 2 Non A/c
6. Km’s Green Island resort- Poothotta 1 confirmation
Ph .9747985719
37
7. Bedrooms Full A/c
Kerala Palace
a¬kq¬ Sqdnkw BkzZn¡m³ Gähpw ]änb CSamWv sN¼v. ae\ncIfneqsSbpw,
kaXe{]tZi¯pw I¡mSpIfnepw, ]pgbnepw, I\menepw, Imbenepw
ags]bvXnd§p¶Xnsâ hyXyØ A\p`hw \pIcmw.
IuXpI hkvXp¡Ä \n¡p¶ IS
sN¼v apdnª]pgbn IuXpIhkvXp¡Ä hn¡p¶ Hcp Øm]\w
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. 26 Ifn cq]§Ä, lukvt_m«v amXrIIÄ, Cuds¸mfnIÄ XoÀ¯
IuXpI hkvXp¡fmb iwJv, I¸pw tkmkdpw, ]q¸m{X§Ä apXembh hn¡p¶pv.
DSaس: kmPp, t^m¬ 9744795909
Mangrove Island: Poothotta
2 Villas. Full A/c
]mem¡cn ^njv ^mw
sN¼v Im«n¡p¶n \n¶pw Hcp IntemaoäÀ ]Snªmdv amdnbmWv ]mem¡mcn ^njv
^mw ØnXnsN¿p¶Xv. 275 slIvSÀ Øe¯v sN½o³, Icnao³ XpS§nbh Irjn
sN¿p¶p. aÕyw hm§m\papff kuIcyw Dv.
38
\mS³ aÕy§Ä D]tbmKn¨pÅ aÕy¡dn Iq«n DuWv e`n¡pw. Imbtemc
hn{ia tI{µhpapv. NqbnS s]U t_m«nwKv, Duªm F¶o kuIcy§Ä
IqSn e`yamWv. [mcmfw hnt\mZk©mcnIÄ ChnsS F¯p¶pv.
t^m¬ \¼À
\mS³ `£Ww e`n¡p¶ Øe§Ä
1. ]me¡mcn ^njv ^mw
Im«n¡p¶v sN¼v, t^m¬þ9526041209
At¸mÄ ]nSn¨ ao\pIÄ D]tbmKn¨pÅ aÕy¡dn Iq«nbpÅ `£Ww,
shPntädnb³ DuWpw e`yamWv. Icnao³ IdnbmWv Gähpw BIÀjWapÅXv. ^njv
ISveäv, \mS³ ]elmc§Ä IpSpw_{iobpsS t\XrXz¯nemWv `£W hnXcWw
\S¡p¶Xv.
2. Iqt¼Â teIvhyq
Icnao³ hdp¯Xv, ao³Idn, DuWv F¶nh sImSp¡p¶pv. shPntädnb³
DuWpw e`yamWv.
t^m¬þ9495270187
\mS³ X«pISIÄ, IÅpjm¸pIÄ F¶nhnS§fn kzmZnjvSamb `£yhn`h§Ä
e`yamWv.
tlm«epIÄ
1. AÂþHam³. sN¼v
t^m¬. 9947869977
2. kpKX³kvþNmb¡S \mS³ ]elmc§fpw aoäÀ Nmbbpw
t^m¬. 9061014605
^njv emânwKv tdmUv sN¼v, apdnª]pg
3. \mS³ X«pIS hmkh³kv apdnª]pg, sN¼v
t^m¬þ9947420973
4. B\µv tlm«Â sN¼v
t^m¬ 9895292918
Ham³ It^. sN¼v
t^m¬. 9656569676
SmIvkn kÀÆokpIÄ
5. koäv SmIvkn ImÀ DSaØÀ
39
1. AtPjv, t^m¬ \¼À. 9946660918
2. {]im´v, t^m¬ \¼À. 9995258829
3. A\q]v, t^m¬ \¼À. 9895414403
4. A\o^, t^m¬ \¼À. 9539063746
5. APo_v, t^m¬ \¼À. 8943054520
6. Acp¬, t^m¬ \¼À. 9446076131
7. hn]n³ t^m¬ \¼À. 8907679572
8. ent\m^v t^m¬ \¼À. 7593063231
9. AtPjv t^m¬ \¼À. 9447751718
10. iàn[c³ \mbÀ t^m¬ \¼À. t^m¬. 9447729838
49 koäv _kv
Imin\mY³ SqÀkv Bâv {SmhÂkv
t^m¬.9496501418
16 koäv {SmheÀ
_Íokv t^m¬. 9746575175
A\pjvTm\IeIÄ
Ifsagp¯pw]m«pw
tZhot£{X§fn \S¯p¶ {][m\s¸« A\pjvTm\amWv Ifsagp¯pw]m«pw.
`{ZImft£{X§fn {][m\ambpw ImWp¶ Ifsagp¯pw ]m«pw C¶v
H«pan¡t£{X§fnepw BNcn¨phcp¶Xmbn ImWp¶p. IfsagpXnbXn\ptijamWv
]m«v \S¡p¶Xv. Ifsagp¯p]m«pw, apSntbäv, Xo¿m«v, tImewXpffÂ, kÀ¸wXpÅÂ,
]m\ XpS§nb A\pjvTm\§fnseÃmw Ifsagp¯v Hgn¨p IqSm³ ]äm¯ NS§mWv.
40
Imfn, A¿¸³, b£n, KÔÀƳ, \mK§Ä XpS§nb aqÀ¯nIÄ¡mWv {][m\ambpw
Ifsagp¯p \S¯p¶Xv.Ifw hcbv¡p¶Xv Nne kapZmb§fpsS
IpSpw_mhImihpamWv.tIcf¯n Ifw hcbv¡p¶Xn {]kn²nbmÀÖn¨hcmWv
IÃmäv Ipdp¸³amÀ. Chsc IqSmsX Xn¿m«p®nIÄ, Xn¿mSn\¼ymÀ, ]pÅphÀ,
h®m³, a®m³, IWnbm·mÀ XpS§nbhscÃmw Ifw hcbv¡p¶Xv Ipehr¯nbmbn
kzoIcn¨hcmWv.
sFXnlyw
ZmcIh[amWv Ifsagp¯nsâbpw {]tabw. Hcn¡Â ZmcnI³ F¶ Akpc³
{_Òmhns\ X]ÊpsNbvXp. ZmcnIsâ X]ÊpIv k´pjvS\mb {_Òmhv
{]Xy£s¸«p. CjvShc§Ä tNmZn¨psImÅm³ Bcmªp. tZh·mcmepw,
Akpc·mcmepw, a\pjycmepw acWw kw`hn¡cpsX¶pw, Xsâ Hcp XpÅn càw
hoWm AXn \n¶pw Bbncw Akpc·mÀ P\n¡Wsa¶pw ZmcnI³ {_Òmhnt\mSp
Bhiys¸«p.ZmcnI\p hcw \ÂInb {_Òmhv acWw kw`hn¡mXncn¡m³ Hcp a{´hpw
IqSn \ÂIn. Cu a{´w aq¶masXmcmÄ Adnªm acWw \nÝbamsW¶pw {_Òmhv
Adnbn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. hc§Ä t\Sn Al¦mcnbmb ZmcnI³ tZhIsfbpw
a\pjyscbpw Ejnamscbpw FÃmw D]{Zhn¡m³ XpS§n. D]{Zhw kln¡m³ h¿msX
h¶t¸mÄ tZh·mcpw, {_Òmhpw, hnjvWphpw FÃmhcpw \mcZalÀjntbmsSm¶n¨p
almtZhsâ ASp¡Â sN¶p k¦SapWÀ¯n¨p. CXn\p ]cnlmcambn almtZh³
`{ZImfnsb krjvSn¡pIbpw sNbvXp.ZmcnI\n{Kl¯n\mbn tZhnthXmfs¯ Xsâ
hml\am¡n bp²¯n\mbn ]pds¸«p. At\Iw ssIIfpw AXn ]e
Bbp[§fpambn tLmccq]nbmb tZhn At\IImewZmcnIt\mSpbp²w sNbvXp.
HSphn ZmcnIs\ \n{Kln¡pIbpw sNbvXp. \n{Klw Ffp¸w km[yamIm³ ZpÀ¤mtZhn
ZmcnIsâ `mcybmb at\mZcnbn \n¶p {_Òmhv \ÂInb a{´w AdnbpIbpw sNbvXp.
tIm]mepIbmb tZhn ZmcnIsâ incÊdp¯p almtZhsâ ap¶n ImgvN
hbv¡p¶Xn\mbn ssIemk¯nte¡p ]pds¸«p.
CtXkabw cW`qanbn \S¶sXÃmw \mcZÀ ssIemk¯n sN¶p
almtZhs\ Adnbn¡pIbpw tLmccq]nbmbn hcp¶ tZhnbpsS tIm]w
im´am¡Wsa¶ At]£n¡pIbpw sNbvXp. cW`qanbnse tZhnbpsS cq]w
GXpcq]¯nemsW¶p almtZh³ \mcZtcmSv tNmZn¨p. DS³ Xs¶ \mcZÀ tZhnbpsS
cq]w \ne¯pc¨v ImWn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. CXmWv Ifsagp¯mbn \mw BNcn¡p¶Xv.
Ifsagp¯p NS§pIÄ
]©hÀ®s¸mSnIfmWv Ifsagp¯n\p]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. Idp v̧ (Dan¡cn),
shÅ (Acns¸mSn), aª(aªÄs¸mSn), ]¨ (hmIbnses]mSn), Npa¸v (aªfpw
41
Np®m¼pw tNÀ¶ an{inXw) F¶nh tNÀ¶mWv tZhotZh·mcpsS Ifw hcbp¶Xv.
t£{X§fnemWv {][m\ambpw Ifsagp¯v \S¡p¶Xv. F¦nepw Nne hoSpIfnepw
CjvStZhXm{]oW\¯n\mbn Ifsagp¯p \S¯mdpÅXmbn ]dbp¶p. {]tXyIw
X¿mdm¡nb ]´epIfnepw Ifsagp¯pw ]m«pw \S¡p¶Xv. CXv ]m«c§v F¶
t]cnednbs¸Sp¶p. sshIpt¶camWv Ifsafgp¯pw ]m«pw \S¡p¶Xv. t£{X¯nsâ
hS¡pþIng¡v `mK¯mbmWv Ifw hcbv¡p¶Xv. IfsagpXp¶ {][m\ BNmcysâ
\nÀt±i{]Imcw A\pbmbnIÄ Ifw hcbv¡p¶p. `{ZImfocq]amWv Ifsagp¯nÂ
Nn{XoIcn¡p¶sX¦nepw Nne t£{X§fn CXn hyXymk§Ä ImWmdpv.
ImfnbpsS ssIIfpsS F®¯n\\pkcn¨mWv Hmtcm Znhkhpw If¯nshen¸w.
t£{X§fn Zo]mcm[m\¡pap¼p Xs¶ Ifw hcbv¡p¶Xv ]qÀ¯nbmbncn¡pw.
AXn\ptijw XfnIbntem Xqi\nebntem s\Ãpw Acnbpw \mfntIchpw \nehnf¡pw
I¯n¡pw. AXn\ptijamWv ]m«v \S¡p¶Xv. `{ZImfn¸m«v F¶pw CXdnbs¸Sp¶p.
Bbncw hÀjt¯mfw ]g¡apÅ Cu]m«v FgpXn ]Tn¡m³t]mepw ]mSnà F¶mWv
]ga¡mÀ ]dbp¶Xv. ]m«p Ignbpt¼mÄ Npa¶ ]«n s\Ãpw \mfntIchpw ]q¡ebpw
hbv¡p¶p. ]m«v Ignªv ]nWnbmÄ If¯n\p Npäpw {]Z£nWw hbv¡p¶p.
hmZytaf§fpsS AI¼Snbpw DmIpw. AXn\ptijw Ifw ambv¡p¶p.
42
Ifsagp¯v _meIrjvWIWnbmÀ, sN¼v
hÀj¯n Hcp Znhksa¦nepw Ifsagp¯pw ]m«pw Iv sXmgWw F¶mWv
]dbp¶Xv, \mSnsâ, P\§fpsS \·bv¡mbn \S¯p¶XmWv. A\pjvTm\IeIÄ F¶p
]dbpt¼mgpw AXn \· Hcp kaql¯nsâ apgph³ Iq«mbvabmWv. AsænÂ
H¯ptNcemWv CXpXs¶bmWv A\pjvTm\IeIfpsS khntijXbmbn ]dbp¶Xv.
temIw F{X ]ptcmKan¨mepw Imew F{X IS¶mepw Imhpw A\pjvTm\IeIfpw FÃmw
\½psS lrZb¯n Aenªp tNÀ¶hbmWv kaImenIPohnX¯nse ZpÀhmk\Isf
AIän \nÀ¯n ssZh ssNX\ys¯ a\pjya\Ênte¡p {]hln¡m³ Ifsagp¯pw
]m«pw t]msebpÅ A\pjvTm\§Ä ImcWamIp¶p. ]SbWn F¶ Iemcq]¯nsâ
sFXnlyw Ifsagp¯pw]m«pw F¶ IebnteXpambn km[yX ]peÀ¯p¶p.
\mKw]m«v
\mKIfw
tIcf¯nse Hcp ]c¼cmKXIemcq]amWv \mKw]m«v AYhm kÀ¸wXpÅ F¶
A\pjvTm\\r¯w. ]pÅphÀ F¶ kapZmb¡mcmWv ]pcmX\ XdhmSpIfnse
kÀ¸¡mhpIfn \mKw]m«v \S¯n hcp¶Xv. \mKmcm[\ \S¯n Pohn¨p sImÅm³
{_ÒmÆcw sImSp¯ kapZmb¡mcmWv ]pÅphÀ F¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. \mK§sf
{]oXns¸Sp¯phm³ thnbmWv Cu Iemcq]w \mKt£{X§fnepw
kÀ¸¡mhpIfnepw, ho«papä¯pw \S¯mdpÅXv.]ptÅmÀ¡pSw, hoW, Ce¯mfw
F¶nh D]tbmKn¨mWv ]pÅphÀ \mKkvXpXnIÄ ]mSp¶Xv. BZyIme§fn 41
Znhkw hsc \op \n¶ncp¶ Cu Iemcq]w C¶v 9 Znhk¯n\¸pdw t]mImdnÃ.
Nn«h«§fpw, coXnbpw
aWn¸´enÂsh¨mWv \mK¸m«v \S¯p¶Xv. Ipcpt¯mesImv Ae¦cn¨ Cu
aWn¸´en\p\Sphnembn kÀ¸¯nsâ IfsagpXnbmWv Cu Iemcq]w
\S¯nhcp¶Xv. aWn¸´Â`wKn hcp¯nbtijw Ipcpt¯mebpw 4 `mK¯mbn
Xq¡phnf¡pw aäphnf¡pIfpw sh¨mWv Ifw hc¡m³ Bcw`n¡pI.
43
\mK§fpsS cq]amWv If¯n hcbv¡mdpffXv. aWn¸´ensâ \Sphn \n¶v
IrjvWs¸mSn D]tbmKn¨mWv Ifsagp¯v Bcw`n¡p¶Xv. Acns¸mSn, aªÄs]mSn,
aªfpw Np®m¼pw tNÀ¯pm¡p¶ Nph¸v s]mSn, DanIcn¨pm¡p¶ Dan¡cn,
a©mSn CeIÄ DW¡n s]mSn¨pm¡p¶ ]¨s¸mSn F¶o ]©hÀ®s¸mSnbmWv
Ifsagp¯n\v D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. \mK§sfbpw tZhnIsfbpw hcbv¡m³ XpS§nbmÂ
apgph\m¡nsb \ndp¯phm³ ]mSpIbpÅq F¶mWv hnizmkw. hc¨p IgnªmÂ
apIfn Nhn«m³ ]mSnÃ. Nnc«mbWv Ifsagp¯n\pÅ D]IcWw. hcbv¡p¶Xnsâ
coXn A\pkcn¨v Nnc«bv¡Snbn XpfIfn«mWv D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv.
kÀ¸w]qP
]pÅphZ¼XnIfpsS ]m«n\pw hmtZym]IcWkwKoX¯n\psam¯v
]pÅph¸nWnbmÄ kv{Xo If¯nse¯n DdªmSpw. kÀ¸§fpambn _Ôs¸« {]_e
hnizmk§fn kÀ¸w XpÅen\v At`Zyamb Øm\w Xs¶bpv.
XncphmXnc¡fn
XncphmXncbpambn _ÔapÅXpsImmWv XncphmXnc¡fn¡v B t]cp h¶Xv.
ssIsIm«n¡fn F¶pw ]dbmdpv. [\pamk¯n ipIvf]£¯nev ]uÀWan Znhkw
XncphmXnc\mfv. A¶v tIcfobcv, hntijn¨pw kv{XoIÄ `àntbmsS BtLmjn¡p¶
DÕhamWv BXnc. Xo{hX]Ênembncp¶ ]mÀÆXn¡p ap¶n ]cainh³
{]Xy£s¸«v hnhmlhmKvZm\w \ÂInbXv XncphmXnc \mfnemWv. AXnsâ
BtLmjtaf§fnsem¶mWv XncphmXnc¡fn. A¶v kv{XoIÄ, AhnhmlnXcmb
I\yIamÀ, ip`hkv{Xw [cn¨v ]mXncm¸q NqSn BSpIbpw ]mSpIbpw sN¿p¶p. B
]m«ns\ XncphmXnc¡fn¸m«v F¶v ]dbpw. BSp¶Xns\ XncphmXnc¡fn F¶pw
ssIsIm«n ]mSn¡fn¡p¶Xp sImmWv ssIsIm«n¡fn F¶v ]dbp¶p.
]¯³]XmfpIfv h«¯nev Npäns¡mþ
p{ZkapÕhthfIfnÂ
k¡ct¡meSn sImpXmfw ]nSnþ
44
¨n¤mYtbmtcm¶pds¡¸mSn,
H¯ ImÂsht¸mSpw sa¿gImÀs¶mcpþ
\r¯hntijapXnÀ¡pw t\cw
BhÀ¯ycoXym Nen¡psamcqªmenþ
emSp¶p KoXnamsX¶p tXm¶pw.
F¶p hÅt¯mÄ ssIsIm«n¡fnsb hÀ®n¨n«pv. emkyamWv
XncphmXnc¡fnbpsS {][m\`mhw. XncphmXnc¡fn¡v {]tXyIambn X¿mdm¡nb
Ac§pmhpw. ho«papä¯msW¦nepw Cu ]Xnhp sXän¡mdnÃ. thj¯n\pw
{]tXyIXbpv. AWnbp¶ B`cW§fpw C¶Xmbncn¡Wsa¶pv. Ac§mbmepw
ho«papäambmepw \Sphn henb \nehnf¡v sImfp¯nhbv¡pw. XpWnsImtm
\qepsImtm henb Xncnbpm¡n \sî \\¨mWv Xncn I¯n¡p¶Xv.
Zo]¯n\Sp¯v \nd]dbpw AjvSawKeyhpw Dmhpw. cpt]À ]mSn¡fn¡pw. aäpÅhÀ
Gäp]mSpw. kq£aambn ]dªm Ifn¡p¶hscms¡¯s¶ ]mSpIbpw sN¿pw.
hmZytLmj§Ä \nÀ_ÔanÃ. NnebnS§fn Ipgn¯mfw D]tbmKn¡p¶p.
appw t\cyXpamWv thjw. BZyIme§fn ]pfnbne¡cbn IkhpNpänbpÅ
H¶cappw t\cyXpambncp¶p [cn¨ncp¶Xv. Ct¸mÄ thj¯nev sshhn[yapv.
Ikhpapn\v CW§p¶ »ukv [cn¡p¶p. ape¡¨bmbn t\cyXpsI«nbpw
Ifn¡mdpv. XeapSn ]pdIn km[mcW coXnbn sI«n Zi]pjv]§Ä, apøqhv
F¶nh NqSp¶p. IdpI, IrjvW{Im´n, XncpXmfn, ]qhmwIpcp¶ne,
I¿q¶n(ssItXm¶n), ap¡pän, \ne¸\, Dgnª, sNdqf, apbÂs¨hn F¶nhbmWp
Zi]pjv]§Ä. hS sImv apSn apgph³ apIfnte¡pbÀ¯n Ncn¨psI«nbpw
hbv¡mdpv. ImXn tXmSbpw Igp¯n \mK]S¯men, ]mebv¡mame
F¶nhbntesX¦neptam [cn¡pw. ]h³ame, Nph¶ IÃn Kpcphmbqc¸sâ cq]w
sIm¯nb tem¡äpÅ aWname, Np«nbpw ]X¡hpw F¶o B`cW§fpw AWnbpw.
NppNph¸n¨p hbv¡pw. hmen«p Is®gpXpw.
Kpcphns\bpw kZÊns\bpw hµn¨Xn\ptijw KW]XnkvXpXntbmsSbmWv Ifn
Bcw`n¡pI. XpSÀ¶v hnZymtZhXbmb kckzXnsb hµn¡p¶ tÇmIw ]mSn Ifn¡p¶p.
inhkvXpXn, {ioIrjvWkvXpXn, {iocmakvXpXn F¶nhbmWv XpSÀ¶v. {][m\s¸«
IYIfn¸Z§Ä ]n¶oSp ]mSn¡fn¡pw. \fNcnXw, _mWbp²w F¶nhbnse
]Z§fmhpw Ifn¡pI. imIp´fw IYsb Bkv]Zam¡n hnZzm³ a¨m«v CfbXv cNn¨
]Z§Ä, kz´ambn cNn¨hbps¦n AXv F¶nh ]mSnbmWp ]n¶oSp Ifn¡p¶Xv.
h©n¸m«v, Ip½n F¶nhbneqsS IS¶v hnLv\§sfm¶panÃmsX Ie AhXcn¸n¡m³
klmbn¨ `Khms\ hW§n awKfw ]mSn Ifn Ahkm\n¸n¡pw.
45
kwkvIrX`mjm]WvUnX\pw tPymXnimkv{XhnZzm\pambncp¶ a¨m«v CfbXv
cNn¨ ]m«pIfmWv XncphmXnc¡fnbn IqSpXepw BSn¡fn¡p¶Xv.
KwKbpWÀ¯p]m«v, IfwXpSn¸m«v, kvXpXnIÄ, Duªm¸m«pIÄ, Xmtemew]m«v,
]qaqSÂ]m«v, Xp¼nXpÅÂ]m«v, ssIsIm«n¡fn¸m«v, Ip½n¸m«v F¶n§s\
XncphmXncbpsS A\pjvTm\§fpambn _Ôs¸«v At\IXcw
XncphmXnc¸m«pIfpapv. koX, ]mÀÆXn, iIp´f, cpÜnWn, kXy`ma, ioemhXn
F¶o ]pcmW IYm]m{X§fpsS NcnX§fmWp ]m«n\phnjbw. Ip©³\¼ymÀ apXev
sh×Wn \¼qXncn¸mSphsc XncphmXnc¸m«p kmlnXyw cNn¨n«pv.
cpÜnWokzbwhcw ]¯phr¯w (Ip©³\¼ymÀ), ss\j[w XncphmXnc¸m«v
(cma]pc¯phmcyÀ) F¶nh {]kn²§fmWv. tIm«qÀ \¼oisâ kp`{ZmlcWw,
IptNehr¯w, A¼mSn IpªpIrjvW s]mXphmfnsâ ]m{XNcnXw, AcqÀ
am[h\SnXncnbpsS kp`{ZmlcWw, Ccbn½³ X¼nbpsS kp`{ZmlcWw,
]{´phr¯w, ]«¯p Ipªp®n\¼ymcpsS AjvS]Zn,X Acn¸m«p
sIm¨ptKmhnµhmcycpsS imIp´fw, sImSp§ÃqÀ FfbX¼pcmsâ Aleymtam£w,
CµpaXokzbwhcw, \fNcnXw F¶o ]m«pIÄ, Ip«n¡pªp¯¦¨nbpsS
inhcm{Xnamlmßyw, koXmkzwbwhcw, \mcZtaml\w F¶nhbpw {]kn²§fmb
XncphmXnc¸m«pIfmWv. sh×Wn \¼qXncn¸mSnsâ "Hma\¡p«³ tKmhnµ\v ' F¶
Km\hpw Cu imJbnse henb Km\cN\ Xs¶.
Z^v ap«v
apÉow kapZmb¡mcpsS CSbn {]NmcapÅ A\pjvTm\ Iemcq]amWv
Z^vap«pIfn. Z v̧ dm¯n_v F¶pw Z¸v Ihm¯v F¶pw CXn\v t]cpv. Z^v AYhm Z¸v
Hcp hmtZym]IcWamWv. GItZiw cSn hymk¯n acw h«¯nev Ipgn v̈ Hcp `mKw
Imft¯mev sImv hcnªmWv CXpm¡p¶Xv. CXn\p Z^v, Z¸p, X¸n« F¶o
t]cpIfpv. Z^v ap«ns¡mv ]m«p]mSnbmWv Ifn¡p¶Xv.
hr¯¯n \n¶p sImmWv Ifn¡p¶Xv. {]mÀ°\tbmSp IqSnbmWv Ifn
Bcw`n¡p¶Xv. kwL¯eh³ ]mSnb ]m«v aäp Ifn¡mcv NphSpsh¨p sImv
Gäp]mSp¶p. Ccp¶pw \n¶pw Nmªpw sNcnªpw Npänbpw Dff icoc Ne\§Ä
IfnbpsS `mKamWv. \nch[n C\w IfnIÄ CXn\pv. amtemsâ sNmd, h¼päsâ
sNmd, ames¨m«v, kem¯pÅ kemapÅ¡fn, ap¯n\_n aIÄ D¯ms\ F¶nh
Ahbnev NneXmWv. BZyIme§fn Ad_n `mjbnepÅ ]m«pIfmWv Z^v Ifn¡p
]mSnbncp¶Xv. ]n¶oSmWv C¶p ImWp¶ coXnbnepÅ ]m«pIÄ¡p {]Nmcw e`n¨Xv.
Atd_ybn \n¶mWp Z^v Ifn tIcf¯nse¯nbXv. {]hmNI\mb apl½Zv
46
\_nbpsS Ime¯n\p ap¼pw Z^v {]Nmc¯nepmbncp¶phs{X. \_nbpsS
BioÀhmZt¯msSbmWv Z^vIfn¡p ]n¶oSv {]Nmcw e`n¨Xv.
aX]camb A\pjvTm\¯nsâ `mKambn AhXcn¸n¡p¶ Z^vap«pIfnbmWv Z¸v
dm¯o_v. apÉow§Ä {]mÀ°\bmbn Z¸v dm¯n_v \S¯mdpv. Ip¯v dm¯n_v
F¶pw CXn\p t]cpv.A\pjvTm\sa¶Xn\p ]pdsa Hcp kmaqlyhnt\mZambpw
Z^vap«pIfn AhXcn¸n¡mdpv. ap³]p Ime§fnev BWp§fv am{Xambncp¶p
Z^vap«pIfmbn AhXcn¸n¨ncp¶Xv. F¶m ASp¯ Ime¯mbn Nne
\nb{´W§tfmsS kv{XoIfpsS kwL§fpw Z^vap«pIfn AhXcn¸n¡mdpv.
]SbWn
a²yXncphnXmwIqdnse `{ZImfot£{X§fn \S¯nhcmdpff A\pjvTm\
Iemcq]amWv ]SbWn. ]tS\n F¶pw ]dbpw. ZmcnIs\ h[n¨n«pw tIm]w XocmXncp¶
Imfnsb ian¸n¡m³ inh\nÀt±i¯mev `qXKW§Ä tImew sI«n XpÅnbXnsâ
kvacWbmWv Cu Iemcq]sa¶mWv sFXnlyw. ]SbWn¡v ImÀjnI hr¯nbpambpw
_Ôaps¶v CXnse ]e A\pjvTm\§fpw sXfnbn¡p¶p. hnfshSp¸pambn
_ÔapÅ ]SbWnsb Hcp DÀhcXm\pjvTm\ambpw ImWmhp¶XmWv.
Z£nWtIcf¯nÂ, {]tXyIn¨v a[yXncphnXmwIqdn IS½\n«, HmXd XpS§nb
`KhXot£{X§fn C¶pw ]SbWn ]Xnhpv. ]SbWnbpff hnhcw
Adnbn¨psImpÅ Im¨ns¡m«mWv {][m\ NS§v. X¸p sI«p¶tXmsSbmWv NS§v
Bcw`n¡p¶Xv. ]SbWnbpÅ hnhcw tZihmknIsf X¸psIm«n Adnbn¡p¶
NS§mWXv. XpSÀ¶p Ims¸men CeItfmSpIqSnb ac¨nÃtbm, shÅt¯mÀt¯m hoin
BÀ¯phnfn v̈ Xmfw Nhn«p¶XmWXv. XpSÀ¶p ssIaWnbpambn Xmfw XpÅpw.
47
CXmWv XmhSnXpÅÂ. XmhSnXpffen\v sN XpS§nb hmtZym]IcW§Ä
D]tbmKn¡pw. lmkym\pIcWambn ]¶¯mhSn \S¯mdpv. ]mfsImpm¡nb
hmtZym]IcW§fmWv AXn\p]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. shfn¨¸mSv, ]ctZin XpS§nb
lmkym\pIcW§fpw ImWpw.
Nq«v]SbWn, sN¼v ]\¦mhv tZhot£{Xw
X¸mWv {][m\hmZyw. sNbpw ssIaWnbpw D]tbmKn¡mdpv.
Xosh«nIfpsSbpw Hme¨q«pIfpsSbpw shfn¨¯nemWp tIme§Ä XpÅp¶Xv.
KW]Xnt¡mew, b£nt¡mew, ]£nt¡mew, amS³tImew, Ime³tImew, adpXt¡mew,
]nimNptImew, ss`chnt¡mew, KÔÀƳtImew XpS§nb tIme§fv XebnÂsh¨v
XpÅpw. ]m«p]mSpw. ]¨¸mfbn tImesagpXn apJ¯p sI«pw. ]mfsImpÅ
apSnbnepw tIme§Ä Nn{XoIcn¡pw.
ImgvNbn `oIcambncn¡pw tIme§Ä. Icn, sN¦Ãv, aªÄ
XpS§nbhsImmWv tImew FgpXp¶Xv. Ime³tImew XpÅpt¼mÄ ssIbn hmfpw
]´hpsaSp¯ncn¡pw. \qsäm¶p]mfsImpm¡p¶ ss`chnt¡meamWv Xebnteän
XpÅp¶ Gähpw henb tImew.
48
KÔÀƳXpÅÂ
KÔÀƳ Ifw, _meIrjvW IWnbmÀ, sN¼v
tIcf¯nse {]mNo\amb Hcp Iemcq]w{]`pIpSpw_§fntem,
{_mÒWIpSpw_§fntem CXv \S¯s¸Sp¶p. tZit`Za\pkcn v̈ Cu Iemcq]¯n\v
hyXymkapv. KWIkapZmb¯nÂs¸Sp¶ Ipdp¸·mcpw aäpamWv CXv
AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv. CuXn_m[IfpsS D]{Zhw Hgnhm¡m\mbn \S¯s¸Sp¶ Cu
A\pjvTm\Ie C¶v A]qÀÆamWv Ifsagp¯pw ]m«pw, Xmftaf§tfmSpÅ
KÔÀÆ\r¯hpw, ]nWnbmfpsS Xpffepw KÔÀƳXpÅensâ {][m\ LSI§fmWv.
KÔÀÆcmPmhmbn k¦Â¸n¡s¸Sp¶ Nn{XcYsâ IfamWv FgpXp¶Xv. Acns¸mSn,
Icns¸mSn, aªÄs¸mSn, Np®m¼pw aªfpw tNÀ¯pm¡p¶ sNma¸ps¸mSn,
a©mSnbpsStbm, hmIbpsStbm Ce CSn¨p ]ngnªpm¡p¶ ]¨s¸mSn
F¶nhbmWv Ifsagp¯n\v D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. Nne{]tZi§fn KÔÀÆsâbpw
b£nbpsSbpw Ifw FgpXmdpv. Ifsagp¯n\p tijw Ipdp¸·mÀ
If¯n\pap¶nencp¶v tZhIsf IoÀ¯n¨psImpÅ tXmäw ]m«pIfpw IoÀ¯\§fpw
]mSp¶p. ]m«nsâ HSphn ]nWnbmfpIÄ XpÅn¯pS§pw. \r¯w sN¿p¶ BÄ
Ahkm\w _mt[m]{Zhw k¦ev]n¡s¸«n«pÅ Bfnsâ Xebn A£Xw \nt£]n¨
tijw ]´w sImfp¯nbpw _en XqInbpw tX§m DS¨pw A\p{Kln¡p¶tXmsS _m[
Hgnªqsh¶mWv hnizmkw. NnebnS§fn s\Ãpw, Acnbpw, ]qhpw, shÅhpw tNÀ¯v
Xebn \nt£]n¡pIbmWv ]Xnhv. NS§nsâ Ahkm\w ]q¡pesImv If¯nsâ
apJsamgn¨pÅ `mK§Ä ambv¡pIbpw apJw ]n¶oSv ssIsImv ambv¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p..
KÔÀƳ Ifw, _meIrjvW IWnbmÀ, sN¼v
49
A¿¸³]m«pw A¿¸³hnf¡v
A¿¸³]m«v, sN¼v
A¿¸`à·mÀ \S¯p¶ A\pjvTm\IebmWv A¿¸³]m«v. imkvXmw]m«v,
DSp¡p]m«v F¶o t]cpIfnepw CXv Adnbs¸Smdpv. {]mtZinI hyXnbm\w hnhn[
PnÃIfn ImWmw. i_cnae¡v t]mIm\mbn {hXsaSp¡p¶ `à·mcv ho«nÂsh¨pw
t£{X¯nÂsh¨pw A¿¸³]m«v \S¯mdpv. {]tXyIw Dm¡nb ]´enemWv
NS§pIÄ \S¯p¶Xv. ]´en ]oThpw \nehnf¡pw sh¡pw. KW]Xn¯mfw
sIm«nbXn\v tijamWv ]m«v XpS§p¶Xv. DSp¡p sIm«nbmWv ]mSp¶Xv. Ce¯mfhpw
D]tbmKn¡pw. ]´f¯p cmPmhnsâbpw imkvXmhnsâbpw IYIfS§p¶XmWv ]m«v.
tZhmkpc bp²w, ]memgn aY\w XpS§nb IYIfpw ]m«nepv. ]m«ns\m¸w A¿¸·mÀ
XpÅpIbpw sN¿pw. Nne {]tZi§fn Ifn¡mcv I\en NmSp¶ NS§pw Cu
A\pjvTm\¯nsâ `mKambpv.Nne Øe§fn A¿¸³]m«v IqSpX BÀ`mS]qÀÆw
\S¯mdpv. CXns\ A¿¸³hnf¡v F¶pw hnfn¡pw. ]cn]mSnIfpsS `mKambn
IYm`n\bhpw \S¯mdpv. A¿¸³, hmhÀ XpS§nb IYm]m{X§Ä cwK¯p hcpw.
bp²cwK§fS¡w \r¯cq]¯n AhXcn¸n¡mdpv. A¿¸³ ]m«pw hnf¡pw, sN¼v
t]mÌm^okv PwKvj\n FÃmhÀjhpw P\phcn ]Xnaq¶mw XobXn \S¡mdpv.
Xobm«v
50
t£{X§fnepw XdhmSpIfnepw AhXcn¸n¡p¶ Hcp A\pjvTm\Ie. ssZhambn«mSÂ
BWnsX¶mWv k¦Â¸w. ssZhm«w, sX¿m«w, Xobm«w F¶n§s\bmbncn¡Ww
hm¡nsâ cq]m´w F¶v IcpXp¶p. Xobv Dgn¨nen\v {]m[m\yw \ÂIp¶Xp sImmWv
Xobm«v F¶ t]cv h¶sX¶pw ]dbp¶p. tZhXm{]oW\amWv e£yw.
tIctfm¸¯nbnepw kwL¡fn¸m«nepw Xobm«ns\¡pdn¨pÅ kqN\Ifpv.
cp hn[w Xobm«pv. A¿¸³ Xobm«pw, `{ZImfn Xobm«pw. A¿¸³ Xobm«nse
]m«pIfv A¿¸s\bpw `{ZImfn Xobm«nse ]m«pIÄ `{ZImfnsbbpw
{]IoÀ¯n¡p¶hbmWv. tZhX cq]¯nsâ AXn at\mlcamb Hcp IfsagpXn
ssZhs¯ AXnte¡v Bhmln¡p¶p.Ifsagp¯v, IYm`n\bw, Ifw]qP, Ifw]m«v,
If¯nem«w, Xncnbpgn¨n F¶nhbmWv Xobm«nsâ apJyNS§pIÄ. NS§pIÄ
]qÀ¯nbmbn Ignbpt¼mÄ shfn¨¸mtSm ]qPmcntbm If¯nev \r¯w sNbvXp Ifw
ambv¡p¶p.
apSntbäv
sX¡³tIcf¯nepw sIm¨nbnepw a[ytIcf¯nev A]qÀÆambpw \S¶phcp¶
`{ZImfo{]oW\¯n\mbpff A\pjvTm\Ie. "apSnsbSp¸v ' F¶pw ]dbmdpv.
ImfnbpsS `oIcapJw, PUm`mcw F¶nh acwsImtm temlw sImtm
Dm¡p¶XmWv. "apSn' B XncpapSn XebneWnªmWv Imfn BSp¶Xv.
ImfotkhbpsS `mKambn \S¯p¶ A\pjvTm\amWv apSntbäv. `{ZImfnbpw ZmcnI\pw
X½nepÅ bp²amWv apSntbäv {]tabw. sshhn²yamÀ¶ NS§pIfpÅ
A\pjvTm\amWnXv. Ifsagp¯v, {]XnjvT, ]qP, Xmes¸men, Xncnbpgn¨Â,
Ifwambv¡Â F¶nhbmWv {]mcw` NS§pIÄ. XpSÀ¶v IYIfnbnteXv t]mse
thj§Ä cwK¯v h¶pÅ {]IS\w \S¡pw. XncphnXmwIqdnepw sIm¨n
{]tZi¯papÅ `{ZImfn t£{X§fnemWv apSntbäv \S¯p¶Xv. XncphnXmwIqÀ
{]tZi¯v Ipdp¸·mcpw sIm¨n `mK¯v amcmcpamWv apSntbäv AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv.
51
CcphcpsSbpw coXnIfn t\cnb hyXymkw {]ISamWv. ho¡p sN, Dcp«p sN,
Ce¯mfw, tN§ne F¶nhbmWv hmZy§Ä.t£{X¯n \n¶p `{ZImfnthj¡mc\v
apSn [cn¡pw. hcn¡¹mhnsâ ImXÂ hr¯mIrXnbnev apdns¨Sp¯v AXnÂ
knwlKPIpWvUe§Ä, \mK¸¯nIÄ F¶nh sIm¯n Nph¶]«v,]oen, ap¯v
F¶nh sIme¦cn¡pwAe¦cn¨ ]´en ]©hÀ®s¸mSnIÄ sImv
`{ZImfnbpsS Ifw Nn{XoIcn¡pw. ZmcnIsâ incÊdp¯v apSnNpänXq¡n¸nSn v̈
thXmf¯nsâ ]pdt¯dn hcp¶ ImfnbpsS cq]amWv If¯n\v. Ifw]qPbpw Ipdp¸p
\S¯p¶ Ifw]m«pw I\yIamcpsS Xmes¸menbpw Ignªm Xncnbpgn¨nemWv.
]ns¶ Ifw ambv¡pw. ]n¶oSmWv apSntbäv.
apSntbänse thj§Ä¡v apJ¯p tX¸p ImWpw. DSp¯psI«pw IncoShpw
ImWpw. I¯n¨ph¨ henb \nehnf¡nsâ ap¶nemWv A`n\bn¡p¶Xv. `{ZImfn,
\mcZ³, ZmcnI³, inh³, Zm\th{µ³, tImbn¨mSÀ, Iqfn F¶nhbmWp apSntbänse
thj§Ä. Imfn¡p apJ¯v Acnamhpw Np®m¼pw tNÀ¯p Np«nIp¯pw. hkqcn¡e
F¶mWp k¦Â¸w. Ipcpt¯mesImp Ae¦cn¨ `mctadnb apSn XebneWnbn¡pw.
ZmcnIthj¯n\papv Np«n. Xebn sNdnb Ipcpt¯me apSnbmWv ZmcnI\v. inh\pw
\mcZ\pw BZyw cwK¯phcpw. ]ns¶ ZmcnIsâ ]pd¸mSv. XpSÀ¶p Imfnbpw Iqfnbpw
]pds¸Spw. Imfnbpw ZmcnI\pambn t]mÀhnfn \S¡pw. XpSÀ¶v tImbn¨mSÀ
{]thin¡pw. ]ns¶ ImfnþZmcnI bp²w. ZmcnIsâ XesbSp¯p Imfn cwK¯p
hcp¶tXmsS A´ycwKambn inhkvXpXn ]mSnbmWv apSn HSp¡p¶Xv.kqcy³
AkvXan¨m XpS§p¶ apSntbäv ]pecp¶Xn\pap¼v Ahkm\n¡pw.
ImhSnbm«w
kp{_ÒWys\ Bcm[n¡p¶ coXnbpambn _Ôs¸« A\pjvTm\Iemcq]amWv
ImhSnbm«w. kp{_ÒWy³ XpÅÂ F¶pw Cu A\pjvTm\¯n\v t]cpv. Iam\
BIrXnbnepÅ ImhSn Npaen sh¨psImmWv B«w \S¯p¶Xv. acw sImmWv
52
{][m\ambpw ImhSnbpm¡p¶Xv. abn¸oen, hÀ®hkvXp¡Ä Ch sImv
ImhSnsb BIÀjIamb coXnbn Ae¦cn¡pw. B«¯n\v D]tbmKn¡p¶ ImhSnIÄ
]ecq]¯nepw hen¸¯nepw Dv. B«¯n\v ]©hmZyw, \mKkzcw XpS§nb
hmZytLmj§fpw D]tbmKn¨phcp¶p.
]m«nsâ Xmf¯ns\m¯v ImhSn hnhn[ coXnbn Nen¸n¨psImmWv
ImhSnbpw \S¯p¶Xv. Hä¡pw, kwLw tNÀ¶pw B«w \S¯pw. ImWnIsf
hnkvabn¸n¡p¶ coXnbn sabv hg¡t¯msS B«w AhXcn¸n¡p¶ Ifn¡mcpv.
ImhSnbm«t¯msSm¸w \mhv XpS§nb icoc`mK§fneqsS iqew (kp{_ÒWysâ
Bbp[w) Ip¯n¡bäp¶ A\pjvTm\w Nne {]tZi§fn \S¯mdpv. sN¼v {Kma
]©mb¯nse FÃm {][m\ t£{X§fnepw DÕht¯mS\p_Ôn¨ ImhSnbm«w
\S¡mdpv.
imkvXmw]m«v
tIcf¯n A¿¸`à·mÀ \S¯p¶ Hcp A\pjvTm\IebmWv
imkvXmw]m«vA¿¸³]m«v, DSp¡p]m«v F¶o t]cpIfnepw Adnbs¸Sp¶p.
imkvXmhnsâ P\\¯n\pap¼pÅ ]´fcmPmhnsâbpw IpSpw_¯nsâbpw IY
]m«nepv. H¸w tZhmkpcbp²w, ]memgnaY\w F¶o IYIfpw, hmhÀ
ISp¯ImbnIm`ymknbpw Icp¯\pw {]kn²\pambncp¶p F¶pw CXnÂ
]cmaÀiapv.
A¿¸³]m«v
AhXcn¸n¡p¶ hn[w
Cu Iem{]IS¯n\v Npcp§nbXv A©v t]sc¦nepw Hcp kwL¯n thWw.
FÃmhÀ¡pw DSp¡v Dmbncn¡Ww. ]´en ]oThpw \nehnf¡pw
KW]Xnsbmcp¡hpw hbv¡pw. KW]Xnsbbpw kckzXnsbbpw kvXpXn¨v
]mSnbXn\ptijamWv tZh·msc ]än]mSmhq F¶ \nbaapv. BZyw Kpcphns\
sXm«psXmgpXv KW]Xnsb kvacn v̈ KW]Xn Xmfw sIm«nbXn\v tijw
]m«mcw`n¡p¶p. Cu ]m«pIsfÃmw Nn«s¸Sp¯nbXmbncn¡pw. ]m«pw Xmfhpw Htc
hyàn Xs¶bmWv AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv. aäpÅhÀ AXv Gäp ]mSpIbpw sIm«pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. ]m«nt\msSm¸w A¿¸`IvX·mÀ XpffpIbpw, Nnet¸mÄ hndIn«v I¯n v̈
FcnªS§nb I\en Cd§pIbpw sN¿pw. DSp¡v BWv hmtZym]IcWw. cm{Xn
Ime§fn {]tXyIw kÖam¡nb ]´en imkvXmw ]m«v \S¯p¶p.
Dcp¡v ]m«v, _meIrjvWIWnbmÀ, sN¼v
53
KcpU³Xq¡w
ZmcnIh[¯n\ptijw càZmlw Xocm¯ Imfn IenXpÅn \n¶p. almhnjvWp
KcpUs\ ImfnbpsS kao]t¯¡v ]dªb¨p. KcpU³ \r¯w sNbvXp ImfnbpsS
tIm]w AS¡m³ {ian¨p. KcpUsâ GXm\pw XpÅn càw In«nbt¸mgmWv ImfnbpsS
tIm]w ian¨Xv.
KcpU³Xq¡w F¶ Iemcq]¯n\v ]Ým¯eamb IYbmWnXv. Z£nW tIcf¯nse
Imfot£{X§fnemWv Cu Iemcq]w Act§dp¶Xv. "Xq¡w' hnÃnÂXq¡w F¶pw
t]cpv. `{ZImfn {]oXnbmWv e£yw. Nppw NndIpsams¡ h¨p sI«nb thj¡msc
Xq¡¡msc¶mWp ]dbpI. KcpU\mbn thjw sI«nb IemImcsâ apXpInepw,
Imensâ ]n³`mK¯pambn XpfbnSpIbpw AXn sImfp¯n {]tXyIw kÖam¡nb
Xq¡¨mSpIfn Ibdpw. ]ns¶ t£{X¯n\v {]Z£nWw h v̈ càw tZhn¡v
54
kaÀ¸n¡pw. KcpU³ Xq¡hpambn kmZriyapv. " KcpU³ ]dhbv¡v' Cu
Iemcq]¯n\v KcpU³ ]bäv F¶pw t]cpv. B¬Ip«nIfmWv KcpU³ ]dhbv¡v
thjw sI«p¶Xv.
apcpI³ t£{X§fnepw KcpU\v Xq¡w \S¯mdpv. hmZy§Ä Xmfw
]Icm\mbn sN, a±fw, Ce¯mfw XpS§nbhmZy§fpw DmIpw. [\pamk¯nemWv
Cu A\pjvTm\ Ie \S¯nhcp¶Xv. KcpU³ Xq¡w ]\¦mhv tZhnt£{Xw, sN¼v
IYIfn
tIcf¯nsâ X\Xmb ZriyIemcq]amWv IYIfn. cma\m«w F¶ Ie]cnjvIcn¨mWv
IYIfn DmbXv. IYIfnbnse thj§Ä {][m\ambpw ]¨, I¯n, Icn, XmSn,
an\p¡v F¶nhbmWv. imkv{X¡fn, NmIymÀIq¯v, IqSnbm«w, IrjvW\m«w,
AjvS]Znbm«w, Zmknbm«w, sXcp¡q¯v, sX¿w, Xndbm«w, ]SbWn XpS§nb
¢mÊn¡Âþ\mS³Iemcq]§fpsS Awi§Ä IYIfnbn ZriyamWv.
17,18\qämpIfnembn hnIknXamb Cu Iemcq]w htcWy hn`mK§Ä¡nSbn am{Xw
HXp§n \n¶ncp¶psh¦nepw Ccp]Xmw \qämn almIhn hÅt¯mÄ AS¡apff
DXv]XnjvWp¡fpsS {ia^eambn C¶v temI {]kn²n ssIhcn¨ncn¡p¶p.
\mSyw, \r¯w, \yXyw F¶nhsb BwKnIw, kmXznIw, Blmcyw F¶o
A`n\tbm]m[nIfneqsS ka\zbn¸n¨v AhXcn¸n¡pIbmWv HähmNI¯nÂ
]dªm IfIfnbpsS aÀ½w. IYIfn¡pthn cNn¡s¸« Imhyamb B«¡Ybnse
kw`mjW`mK§fmb ]Z§Ä, ]m«pImÀ ]n¶n \n¶pw ]mSpIbpw \S·mÀ
Imhy¯nse {]Xn]mZyw Ac§¯v A`n\b¯neqsS AhXcn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.
A`n\b¯n\nSbv¡v \S·mÀ `mhmhnjvIcW]chpw XmfmßIhpamb cwKNe\§fpw
AwKNe\§fpw {]ZÀin¸n¡p¶p.
]Z§fpsS Hmtcm `mKhpw A`n\bn¨p Ignbpt¼mÄ ip² \r¯ Ne\§Ä
AS§p¶ Iemi§Ä Nhn«p¶p. C§s\ A`n\b¯nepw AXS§p¶ cwK§fpsS
55
]c¼cbnepw IqSn CXnhr¯w Ac§¯v AhXcn¸n¨ {lkzm\p`qXn Dfhm¡p¶
IebmWv IYIfn.\r¯w, \mSyw, \rXyw, KoXw, hmZyw F¶n§s\ A©p LSI§fpsS
kaÚkt½f\amWv IYIfn. CXpIqSmsX kmlnXyw Hcp {][m\ hn`mZamsW¦nepw
CXp KoX¯nsâ D]hn`mKambn IcpXs¸Sp¶p. Ifn XpS§p¶Xn\pap³]v a±ftIfn
(Ac§ptIfn/ip²a±fw), hµ\tÇmIw, tXmSbw, ]pd¸mSv, taf¸Zw (aRvPpXc) XpS§nb
{]mcw`¨S§pIÄ Dv. ]Ým¯e¯n `mKhXÀ Be]n¡p¶ ]Z§Ä lkvX
ap{ZIfneqsSbpw, apJ`mh§fneqsSbpw Ac§¯p\S³amÀ A`n\bn¨mWv IYIfnbnÂ
IY]dbp¶Xv.
IYIfnbnse thj§sf {][m\ambpw ]¨, I¯n, Icn, XmSn, an\p¡v,
F¶n§s\ A©mbn Xncn¨ncn¡p¶p. ]¨k¡Ym]m{X§fpw (kmXznIw),
I¯ncmPkIYm]m{X§fpw (cmPm¡·mcmb ZpjvSIYm]m{X§fpw) BWv. Icnthjw
cm£knamÀ¡mWv Nph¶XmSnXmak(hfsc {Iqc·mcmb) kz`mhapÅ cm£kÀ
apXembhcpw, Idp¯XmSn Im«mfÀ apXembhcpamWv. IenbpsS thjw
Idp¯XmSnbmWv. l\pam\v shůmSnbmWv thjw. kv{XoIfpsSbpw ap\namcptSbpw
thjw an\p¡mWv. C¯c¯n thjaWnbn¡p¶Xn\v Np«nIp¯v F¶p]dbp¶p.
IYIfn, A¿t¦mhnÂt£{Xw, sN¼v
KÔÀƳ XSn
XSn: Hcp {]tXyI coXnbnepÅ A\pjvTm\ IebmWnXv.
XSn: Acnamhv, iÀ¡c, s\¿v, FÅv, Iiphn, ap´ncn, PocIw F¶nh tNÀ¯v
]mesImp \nÀ½n¨ A¨n Hgn v̈ a®n Ipgn¨ Ipgnbn \nd¨ I\enÂ
Nps«Sp¡p¶p. sNdnb XSnbpw BįSnbpw KÔÀƳ XSnbpapv. BįSn
at\mlcambn Ae¦cn v̈ IYIfncq]w t]msebpÅ coXnbn Hcp¡n sNX v̧ XpS§nb
hmZytaf§tfmsS Fgps¶Ån¸v t£{X k¶n[nbn sImphcp¶p. Xmf¯ns\m¸n v̈