Upload
duena
View
41
Download
6
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
7.1 Stress in Earth’s crust. The Way Tectonic Plates Move. Learning Targets. Describe the anatomy of an earthquake and relate plate tectonics (different types of plate boundaries) to earthquakes. Describe how stress builds up earthquakes. Stress. Plate movement is never smooth - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
7.1 STRESS IN EARTH’S CRUSTThe Way Tectonic Plates Move
Learning Targets
1. Describe the anatomy of an earthquake and relate plate tectonics (different types of plate boundaries) to earthquakes.
2. Describe how stress builds up earthquakes
Stress1. Plate movement is never smooth
a) Plates made of solid, rough rock
2. Stress builds up at plate boundariesa)Fold - Rocks bendb)Fracture - Rocks break
3.Earthquake = removal of stress
Stress
1.Mantle convection cells puts a lot of stress on the rocks of the lithosphere.
Types of Stress1. Confining: pressure from all directions
a) No deformation2. Compression: pushed together
a) Fractures or folds3. Tension: pulled apart (extension)
a) Stretch or break4. Shear: parallel but opposite (scissors)
a) Break and slide past one another
Types of Stress1. What type of plate boundary
a) Confining - Results from being buried
b) Compression - Convergentc) Tension -Divergentd) Shear - Transform
Elastic vs. Plastic1. Rocks under stress will deform
a) Elastically: bend then return to original shape
2. Rocks under more stress will deform
a) Plastically: bend without the ability to return to the original shape
Geologic Structures
1. Folds2. Joints3. Faults
Geologic Structures - Folds
1. Folds: bends in rock due to compression
a) Monocline: non-horizontal layeringb) Anticline: Upward bulgec) Syncline: Downward bulge
Geologic Structures - Joints
2. Joints: breaks where rocks do not move
Geologic Structures - Faults
3. Faults: breaks where rocks have moved
Fault
Fracture – If the stress continues, the rock will break
Types of Faults: Dip-slip & Strike-slip
Geologic Structures Summary1. Folds: bends in rock due to
compressiona) Monocline: non-horizontal layeringb) Anticline: Upward bulgec) Syncline: Downward bulge
2. Joints: breaks where rocks do not move
3. Faults: breaks where rocks have moved