7.6(B) distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter in the digestive system;

and

7.7(B) illustrate the transformation of energy within an organism such as the transfer from

chemical energy to heat and thermal energy in digestion; and

7.7(A) contrast situations where work is done with different amounts of force to situations

where no work is done such as moving a box with a ramp and without a ramp, or standing still;

Balanced Forces Forces on an object

that do not change the

motion of the object.

Balanced Forces Forces on an object

that are equal in size

and opposite in

direction. Cancel each

other and causes no

motion.

balanced forces Equal forces acting on

an object in opposite

directions

Chemical Energy energy stored in the

bonds of molecules

and compounds (all

living and once living

things)

chemical energy

Chemical to Electrical

Energy

Chemical to Electrical to

Light Energy

Chemical to Kinetic

Energy

Chemical to Thermal and

Light Energy

Chemical to Thermal,

Light and Sound Energy

Chlorophyll green chemical that

plants use for

photosynthesis

chloroplast structure in plant cells

where photosynthesis

happens

contact force e.g car wheels on the

road, hitting a ball

with a bat, feet

pushing The ground

when you walk.

Electrical Energy energy of moving

electrons

electrical force a force that pulls

charged objects

Electrical to Thermal and

Light Energy

Electrical to Thermal

Energy

energy the ability to do work

force a push or a pull

Force push or pull; causes

objects to move

forces E.g: Car wheels on

road. Rockets. Heaps

of stuff :)

forces can have a negative

effect.

E.g: Car crash, falling

off a cliff, clobbered

in head by flying ball.

friction A force that resists

motion

gravitational force The force of attraction

between all masses in

the universe.

gravitational force an attractive force that

acts between any two

objects

Gravity a force that moves

rocks and other

materials downhill;

the force that pulls

objects toward each

other

Gravity is a pulling force

inclined plane

kinetic energy energy an object has

due to its motion;

KE=1/2 mv^2

(Joules).

Law of Conservation of

Energy

energy can neither be

created nor destroyed;

energy just changes

form

Leaves The part of a plant where most photosynthesis takes place.

light energy

magnetic force The attraction or

repulsion between

magnetic poles.

Mass the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

mechanical energy energy in an object

due to its motion or

position, or both; sum

of kinetic and

potential energy in an

object that is used to

do work; ME=PE+KE

(Joules).

Newton Unit of measurement

for force

• non-contact forces Gravity, magnetism.

Nuclear Energy the energy locked in

the nucleus of an atom

Nuclear to Electrical

Energy

particle a very small piece of

matter

Photosynthesis The process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars

Photosynthesis 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O→

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂

The chemical reaction

which converts radiant

energy into chemical

energy in producers.

plants Living things that are producers. They produce food through photosynthesis. They take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

potential energy energy an object has

based on its position,

shape, or condition;

stored energy;

PE=mgh (Joules).

radiant energy solar or heat energy

which travels in waves

Radiant Energy Solar Energy

sound energy What forms of

energy: S.E.

spring force The force exerted by a

compressed or

stretched spring upon

any object that is

attached to it.

thermal energy heat energy

thermal energy What forms of

energy: H.E.

unbalanced force Forces acting on one

object that cause a

change in motion.

• units that measure mass Kilograms, or grams.

weight A measure of the force

of gravity on an object

• What would happen to

living organisms if there is

no energy?

The living things will

die

• Where do we get the

energy from?

the food we eat

Why are plants green? Because they reflect

green light and absorb

red and blue light

•

Work force exerted on an

object that causes the

object to move in

same direction that the

force was applied

Work

Inclined Plane

Work = Force x Distance