Upload
others
View
6
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 1 of 27
SESHACHALAM BIOSPHERE RESERVE
Review article
Seshachalam hill ranges of the Eastern Ghats lies in 130 38’ to 130 51’
latitudes and 790 07’ to 790 30’ longitude occur in Chittoor and Cuddapah
districts of southern Andhra Pradesh, Peninsular India. The ranges were
formed during the Precambrian era (3.8 billion to 540 million years ago). The
hilly terrain is rugged and picturesque with gorges, steep slopes, plateaus and
valleys. This area is also famous for its beautiful waterfalls like Talakona,
Gundalakona and Gunjana. It comprises seven peaks, representing the seven
hoods of Adisesha, thus earning the name Seshachalam. The seven peaks are
called Seshadri, Neeladri, Garudadri, Anjanadri, Vrishabhadri, Narayanadri
and Venkatadri. The town of Tirupati is one of the most ancient and sacred
pilgrimage spots in India. The hill near the temple is called ‘Tirumala’ or the
“sacred hill”. The temple here is said to be the busiest in the world, eclipsing
even Rome, Jerusalem and Mecca in the number of pilgrims visiting it.
The main objective of this review article is to give the information and
documentation on the floristic diversity in the study area of Seshachalam
biosphere reserve. The information was gathered from various articles /
publications of more than a decade on floristic diversity.
The paper highlights on the name of the taxa, family, vernacular name, habit,
phenology with reference no. is given in table-1. Some of the common, rare
and endemic pictures of the Seshachalam biosphere reserve is given in table-2.
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 2 of 27
SESACHALAM BIOSPHERE RESERVE
S. No. Name of the Taxa Family Vernacular Name Habit Phenology Ref.
No. 1 Clematis gouriana Roxb. ex
DC. Ranunculaceae Gowri-Kuntala Climber Nov.-Mar. 1
2 Dillenia bracteata Wight Dilleniaceae Chiruteku, Kallateku & Sirateku
Evergreen Tree
1
3 Dillenia indica L. Dilleniaceae Peddakalinga, Revadi chettu & Uvva
Evergreen Tree
May-July 1
4 Alphonsea sclerocarpa Thwaites
Annonaceae Puluru Mamidi Tree Aug.-Mar. 1
5 Polyalthia korinti (Dunal) Thwaites
Annonaceae Elli Dabba Straglling Tree
1
6 Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson
Menispermaceae Climber Jan.-Apr. 1
7 Pachygone ovata (Poir.) Diels Menispermaceae Pedda Dusara Climbing shrub
Feb.-Oct. 1
8 Cardamine africana L. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
Herb Oct.-Dec. CSR
9 Cardamine hirsuta L. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
Herb Oct.-Feb. CSR
10 Lepidium didymum L. (=Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm.)
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
Herb 1
11 Capparis brevispina DC. Capparaceae Shrub Feb.-Aug. 1 12 Guidonia tomentosa (Roxb.)
Kurz (=Casearia tomentosa Roxb.)
Flacourtiaceae Shrub Feb.-Aug. FEG TP&D
MR
13 Flacourtia ramontchi L.Her. Flacourtiaceae Kanru, Pulivelaga, Pulielka, Pulregu, Putika Kada, Nelli, Rartha Kandragu & Nakko Neredo.
Tree Oct.-May TAP TP&S
SR
14 Homalium ceylanicum (Gardner) Benth.
Flacourtiaceae Mantralamuki. Evergreen Tree
Mar.-Aug. FEG TP&D
MR
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 3 of 27
15 Homalium zeylanicum (Gard.) Benth.
Flacourtiaceae Tree Mar.-Apr. 1
16 Scolopia crenata Clos Flacourtiaceae Tree Apr.-July 1 17 Pittosporum napaulense
(DC.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson Pittosporaceae Tree May-Aug. 1
18 Polygala wightiana Wall. Polygalaceae Herb Aug.-Jan. 1 19 Polycarpon prostratum
(Forssk.) Asch. & Schweinf. Caryophyllaceae Herb Aug.-Jan. 1
20 Hypericum japonicum Thunb. Hypericaceae Herb Nov.-Mar. 1 21 Shorea roxburghii G.Don Dipterocarpaceae Jalary. Tree Jan.-Mar. 1 22 Shorea tumbuggaia Roxb. Dipterocarpaceae Thamba Jalory. Tree Apr.-July 1 23 Decaschistia crotonifolia
Wight & Arn. Malvaceae Shrub Dec.-May 1
24 Decaschistia cuddapahensis T.K.Paul & M.P.Nayar
Malvaceae Shrub July-Mar. 1
25 Decaschistia rufa Craib Malvaceae Shrub 1 26 Hibiscus rostellatus Guill. &
Perr. (=Hibiscus furcatus Willd.)
Malvaceae Konda gongura. Shrub Throughout FCTRD
27 Hibiscus trionum L. Malvaceae Herb July-Jan. 1 28 Sida schimperiana Hochst. ex
A.Rich. Malvaceae Shrub Nov.-Mar. 1
29 Pterospermum canescens Roxb.
Sterculiaceae Lolagu. Tree Throughout 1
30 Pterospermum suberifolium (L.) Willd.
Sterculiaceae Lolagu, Tada. Tree Jun.-Apr. FEG TP&D
MR 31 Sterculia populnifolia Roxb. Sterculiaceae Tree 1 32 Grewia laevigata Vahl Tiliaceae Shrub Aug.-Nov. 1 33 Tribulus subramanyamii P.
Singh, G.S.Giri & V.Singh Zygophyllaceae Herb June-Dec. 1
34 Oxalis dehradunensis Raizada
Oxalidaceae Herb May-Nov. CSR
35 Oxalis latifolia Kunth Oxalidaceae Herb 1 36 Atalantia racemosa Wight ex
Hook. Rutaceae Tree Dec.-Apr. 1
37 Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC.
Rutaceae Shrub June-Aug. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 4 of 27
38 Pamburus missionis (Wight) Swingle
Rutaceae Tree Feb.-Sept. 1
39 Zanthoxylum ovalifolium Wight
Rutaceae Shrub Nov.-Mar. 1
40 Ochna gamblei King ex Brandis
Ochnaceae Small tree Troughout FEG TP&D
MR 41 Boswellia ovalifoliolata
N.P.Balakr. & A.N.Henry Burseraceae Tree Feb.-Apr. 1
42 Aglaia elaeagnoidea (A.Juss.) Benth. (=Aglaia elaeagnoidea (A.Juss.) Benth. var. beddomei (Gamble) N.C.Nair)
Meliaceae Yerra Aduga. Tree Jan.-Mar. 1
43 Loeseneriella obtusifolia (Roxb.) A.C.Sm.
Celastraceae Climbing shrub
Jan.-Jun. 1
44 Maytenus heyneana (Roth) D.C.S.Raju & Babu
Celastraceae Shrub Troughout 1
45 Salacia chinensis L. Celastraceae Climbing shrub
Feb.-Oct. 1
46 Sageretia parviflora G.Don Rhamnaceae Small tree Sept.-Mar. 1 47 Leea aequata L. Leeaceae Shrub Jun.-Oct. FCTR
D 48 Alysicarpus heterophyllus
(Baker) Jafri & Ali Fabaceae Herb July-Dec. 1
49 Alysicarpus scariosus var. pilifer (Prain) A.Pramanik & Thoth. (=Alysicarpus rugosus (Willd.) DC. var. pilifer Prain)
Fabaceae Herb Jan.-Mar. 1
50 Cajanus albicans (Wight & Arn.) Maesen (=Atylosia albicans (Wight & Arn.) Benth.)
Fabaceae Climbing shrub
Sept.-Apr. 1
51 Cajanus rugosus (Wight & Arn.) Maesen (=Atylosia rugosa Wight & Arn.)
Fabaceae Climbing shrub
Oct.-Feb. FCTRD
52 Crotalaria berteroana DC. Fabaceae Shrub Dec.-May 1 53 Crotalaria lunulata Wight &
Arn. Fabaceae Shrub 1
54 Crotalaria pulchra Andrews Fabaceae Shrub Nov.-Mar. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 5 of 27
55 Flemingia wightiana Graham ex Wight & Arn.
Fabaceae Shrub 1
56 Indigofera karnatakana Sanjappa
Fabaceae Herb Aug.-Dec. 1
57 Mucuna atropurpurea DC. Fabaceae Liana Jan.-Apr. 1 58 Neonotonia wightii (Wight &
Arn.) J.A.Lackey (=Glycine wightii (Wight & Arn.) Verdc.)
Fabaceae Climber Throughout 1
59 Pycnospora lutescens (Poir.) Schindl.
Fabaceae Climber 1
60 Rhynchosia beddomei Baker Fabaceae Shrub July-Dec. 1 61 Rhynchosia courtallensis
Maesen Fabaceae Climber Jan.-Apr. FEG
TP&DMR
62 Rhynchosia heynei Wight & Arn.
Fabaceae Shrub 1
63 Sophora interrupta Bedd. Fabaceae Shrub 1 64 Tephrosia calophylla Bedd. Fabaceae Woody
Herb Apr.-July 1
65 Cassia roxburghii DC. Caesalpiniaceae Small tree Aug.-Dec. FEG TP&D
MR 66 Chamaecrista nilgirica
(V.Singh) V.Singh (=Cassia nilgirica V.Singh)
Caesalpiniaceae Perennial Herb
Jul.-Nov. 5
67 Senna surattensis (Burm.f.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby (=Cassia surattensis Burm.f.)
Caesalpiniaceae Small tree Aug.-Dec. 1
68 Entada rheedii Spreng. (=Entada pursaetha DC.)
Mimosaceae Adavichintha, Sabbuginjateega, Jilateega & Thikkathivva.
Liana Throughout 1
69 Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth. (=Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Gillis & Stearn)
Mimosaceae Kanitisubabul. Tree Throughout FEG TP&D
MR
70 Kalanchoe laciniata (L.) DC. Crassulaceae Herb Dec.-Feb. 1 71 Kalanchoe lanceolata
(Forssk.) Pers. Crassulaceae Herb July-Oct. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 6 of 27
72 Myriophyllum oliganthum (Wight & Arn.) F.Muell.
Haloragaceae Herb Throughout 1
73 Terminalia crenulata Roth Combretaceae Tree Apr.-Aug. FEG TP et
al 74 Memecylon lushingtonii
Gamble Melastomataceae Shrub Feb.-June 1
75 Memecylon molestum (C.B.Clarke) Cogn.
Melastomataceae Tree 1
76 Memecylon royenii Blume Melastomataceae Shrub Apr.-Aug. CSR 77 Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.)
P.H.Raven (=Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. sessiliflora (Micheli) P.H.Raven)
Onagraceae Neeru aganivandrum.
Straglling Shrub
Throughout 1
78 Adenia wightiana (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) Engl.
Passifloraceae Climber Aug.-Jan. 1
79 Cerasiocarpum bennettii (Miq.) Cogn.
Cucurbitaceae Climber Throughout FCTRD
80 Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn.
Cucurbitaceae Perennial Herb
July-Sept. 1
81 Zehneria maysorensis (Wight & Arn.) Arn.
Cucurbitaceae Herb 1
82 Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck (=Opuntia cochinellifera (L.) Mill.)
Cactaceae Nagajamudu. Shrub Jun.-Aug. 1
83 Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. (=Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. var. dillenii (Ker-Gawl.) L.D.Benson)
Cactaceae Nagajamudu, Nagamullu, Papeli, Nagaphani & Nagadhari.
Shrub Jun.-Aug. 1
84 Heracleum rigens Wall. ex DC.
Apiaceae Herb July-Aug. 1
85 Pimpinella anisum L. Apiaceae Gaddisopu. Herb Jan.-Mar. FCTRD
86 Pimpinella tirupatiensis N.P.Balakr. & Subram.
Apiaceae Herb 1
87 Hedyotis cyanantha Kurz (=Hedyotis caerulea Wight & Arn.)
Rubiaceae Herb June-Sept. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 7 of 27
88 Lasianthus coffeoides Fyson Rubiaceae Herb Apr.-Sept. FCTRD
89 Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC. (=Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC.)
Rubiaceae Herb Nov.-Apr. 1
90 Morinda pubescens J.E. Smith var. stenophylla (Spreng.) Kumari
Rubiaceae Shrub May-Nov. 1
91 Morinda umbellata L. Rubiaceae Climbing shrub
Apr.-Sept. 1
92 Neanotis wightiana (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) W.H.Lewis (=Anotis wightiana (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) Benth. & Hook.f.)
Rubiaceae F Throughout FCTRD
93 Oldenlandia attenuata (Willd.) M.R.Almeida (=Hedyotis brachiata Wight)
Rubiaceae Herb Sept.-Dec. 1
94 Rubia cordifolia L. Rubiaceae Manderti. Herb June-Oct. 1 95 Wendlandia glabrata DC. Rubiaceae Small
Tree Feb.-Sept. TAP
TP&SSR
96 Wendlandia tinctoria (Roxb.) DC. var. orientalis Cowan
Rubiaceae Shrub Feb.-Sept. 1
97 Acmella radicans (Jacq.) R.K.Jansen (=Spilanthes radicans Jacq.)
Asteraceae Herb Oct.-Jan. 5
98 Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. (=Spilanthes uliginosa Sw.)
Asteraceae Herb Oct.-Jan. 5
99 Adenostemma lavenia (L.) Kuntze
Asteraceae Herb Oct.-Jan. 1
100 Adenostemma lavenia f. angustifolium (C.B.Clarke) Kosterm.
Asteraceae Herb Oct.-Jan. 5
101 Bidens pilosa L. Asteraceae Herb Nov.-Feb. 1 102 Bidens pilosa L. var. minor
(Blume) Sherff Asteraceae Herb 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 8 of 27
103 Centipeda elatinoides (Less.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex O.Hoffm. (=Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun & Asch.)
Asteraceae Perennial Herb
Dec.-Mar. 1
104 Conyza bonariensis var. leiotheca (S.F.Blake) Cuatrec. (=Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E.Walker)
Asteraceae Herb Oct.-Dec. FEG TP et
al
105 Emilia scabra DC. Asteraceae Sadamandi, Kirankuri, Sudhimudi.
Herb Nov.-Apr. FCTRD
106 Galinsoga parviflora Cav. Asteraceae Herb Oct.-Jan. 1 107 Glossocardia bidens (Retz.)
Veldkamp (=Glossogyne bidens (Retz.) Alston)
Asteraceae Herb Oct.-May 1
108 Gynura aurantiaca (Blume) Sch.Bip. ex DC.
Asteraceae Maniyam poondu. Herb Oct.-Feb. FCTRD
109 Gynura lycopersicifolia DC. subsp. taprobanensis Griersen
Asteraceae Herb Nov.-Feb. 5
110 Launaea acaulis (Roxb.) Kerr.
Asteraceae Herb Mar.-Sept. CSR
111 Solidago canadensis L. Asteraceae Liana Throughout FCTRD
112 Sonchus wightianus DC. Asteraceae Herb Nov.-Dec. 5 113 Taraxacum officinale Weber. Asteraceae Herb Throughout FCTR
D 114 Vernonia divergens (DC.)
Edgew. Asteraceae Shrub Dec.-Feb. 1
115 Volutarella divaricata Benth. & Hook.f.
Asteraceae Gaddi gorenta, Sakayi.
Straglling Shrub
Oct.-Feb. FCTRD
116 Jasminum angustifolium var. sessiliflorum (Vahl) P.S.Green (=Jasminum sessiliflorum Vahl)
Oleaceae Climbing shrub
Mar.-May 1
117 Jasminum bignoniaceum Wall. ex G.Don
Oleaceae Pit malli, Pit-chambeli.
Shrub Throughout FCTRD
118 Chionanthus zeylanicus L. (=Linociera zeylanica (L.) Gamble)
Oleaceae Neeli blabba, Punisi, Punnaagamu.
Tree Throughout 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 9 of 27
119 Olea paniculata R.Br (=Olea glandulifera Wall. ex G.Don)
Oleaceae Kunde naravellu, Kunthy, Kaliki chettu.
Tree Throughout 1
120 Olea polygama Wight Oleaceae Tree Nov.-May 1 121 Salvadora persica L. var.
wightiana (Thwaites.) Verdc. Salvadoraceae Ghunia, Gonni,
Wara gogu, Chekkara chettu.
Small tree Jan.-May FEG TP et
al 122 Asclepias curassavica L. Asclepiadaceae Herb Throughout 1 123 Caralluma umbellata Haw. Asclepiadaceae Herb Mar.-Aug. 1 124 Ceropegia juncea Roxb. Asclepiadaceae Climber Dec.-Aug. 1 125 Cosmostigma cordatum
(Poir.) M.R.Almeida (=Cosmostigma racemosum Wight)
Asclepiadaceae Climber Apr.-Aug. 1
126 Cryptolepis grandiflora Wight
Asclepiadaceae Climber Nov.-Jan. 1
127 Cynanchum callialatum Buch.-Ham. ex Wight
Asclepiadaceae Climber Oct.-Jan. 1
128 Cynanchum tunicatum (Retz.) Alston
Asclepiadaceae Climber Oct.-Apr. 1
129 Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn.
Asclepiadaceae Climbing shrub
Apr.-Sept. 1
130 Secamone emetica (Retz.) R.Br. ex Schult.
Asclepiadaceae Climbing shrub
Oct.-Mar. 1
131 Telosma cordata (Burm. f.) Merr. (=Telosma minor (Andrews) Craib)
Asclepiadaceae Seethamma noharamu.
Climber Throughout FCTRD
132 Vincetoxicum pauciflorum (Wight & Arn.) Kuntze (=Tylophora pauciflora Wight & Arn.)
Asclepiadaceae Climber Oct.-Feb. 1
133 Canscora heteroclita (L.) Gilg
Gentianaceae Herb Dec.-Feb. 1
134 Canscora roxburghii Arn. ex Miq. (=Canscora wallichii C.B.Clarke)
Gentianaceae Herb Dec.-Mar. 1
135 Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
Menyanthaceae Herb Jan.-Nov. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 10 of 27
136 Adelocaryum malabaricum (C.B.Clarke) Brand (=Paracaryum malabaricum C.B.Clarke)
Boraginaceae Nemali jada. Herb Feb.-Nov. FCTRD
137 Cordia sinensis Lam. (=Cordia gharaf Ehrenb. ex Asch.)
Cordiaceae Tree Sept.-May 1
138 Argyreia cuneata Ker Gawl. Convolvulaceae Shrub Aug.-Jan. 1 139 Convolvulus rottlerianus
Choisy Convolvulaceae Shrub Oct.-Mar. 1
140 Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult.
Convolvulaceae Herb Aug.-Mar. FEG TP et
al 141 Ipomoea repens (L.) Lam. Convolvulaceae Climber Sept.-Jan. 1 142 Merremia dissecta (Jacq.)
Hallier f. Convolvulaceae Climber July-Jan. 1
143 Rivea ornata Choisy Convolvulaceae Climber May-Nov. 1 144 Lycianthes denticulata
(Blume) Bitter (=Solanum denticulatum Blume)
Solanaceae Shrub Jul.-Nov. FCTRD
145 Solanum seaforthianum Andrews
Solanaceae Climber Oct.-Apr. 1
146 Buchnera hispida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
Scrophulariaceae Herb Sept.-Apr. 1
147 Dopatrium nudicaule (Willd.) Benth.
Scrophulariaceae Herb July-Oct. 1
148 Limnophila chinensis (Osbeck.) Merr.
Scrophulariaceae Herb Nov.-Jan. 1
149 Limnophila repens (Benth.) Benth.
Scrophulariaceae Herb July-Feb. 1
150 Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston
Scrophulariaceae Herb Nov.-Feb. 1
151 Lindernia caespitosa (Blume) Panigrahi
Scrophulariaceae Herb Oct.-Feb. FCTRD
152 Lindernia hyssopoides (L.) Haines
Scrophulariaceae Straglling Herb
Sept.-Feb. 1
153 Lindernia oppositifolia (L.) Mukerjee
Scrophulariaceae Herb Aug.-Nov. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 11 of 27
154 Lindernia pusilla (Willd.) Bold.
Scrophulariaceae Perennial Herb
July-Nov. 1
155 Rhamphicarpa fistulosa (Hochst.) Benth. (=Rhamphicarpa longiflora Benth.)
Scrophulariaceae Herb Oct.-Nov. 1
156 Striga angustifolia (D.Don) C.J.Saldanha
Scrophulariaceae Herb July-Nov. 1
157 Utricularia bifida L. Lentibulariaceae Herb July-Dec. 1 158 Utricularia caerulea L. Lentibulariaceae Herb July-Dec. 1 159 Utricularia scandens Benj. Lentibulariaceae Herb July-Dec. 1 160 Utricularia striatula Sm. Lentibulariaceae Herb July-Nov. 1 161 Radermachera xylocarpa
(Roxb.) Roxb. ex K.Schum. Bignoniaceae Tree Apr.-May 1
162 Sesamum laciniatum Klein ex Willd.
Pedaliaceae Herb Aug.-Dec. 1
163 Andrographis alata (Vahl) Nees
Acanthaceae Herb Nov.-Feb. 1
164 Andrographis elongata (Vahl) T.Anderson
Acanthaceae Herb Jan.-May 1
165 Andrographis serpyllifolia (Vahl) Wight
Acanthaceae Kuramaku. Perennial Herb
Dec.-Feb. 1
166 Asystasia chelonoides Nees Acanthaceae Straglling Shrub
Nov.-Feb. 1
167 Asystasia dalzelliana Santapau
Acanthaceae Herb Oct.-Jan. 1
168 Barleria gibsonii Dalzell Acanthaceae Shrub Sept.-Jan. 1 169 Barleria montana Nees Acanthaceae Adavi
Decembaralu. Shrub Oct.-Feb. 1
170 Barleria prattensis Santapau Acanthaceae Shrub Sept.-Jan. 1 171 Dicliptera cuneata Nees Acanthaceae Pinchakusuma. Herb Nov.-Apr. 1 172 Dyschoriste erecta (Burm.)
Kuntze (=Dyschoriste depressa (L.) Nees)
Acanthaceae Adivi neelambaramu.
Perennial Herb
Dec.-Mar. FCTRD
173 Ecbolium viride (Forssk.) Alston var. rotundifolia (C.B.Clarke) Raizada
Acanthaceae Oct.-Mar. 1
174 Eranthemum capense L. Acanthaceae Shrub Nov.-Apr. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 12 of 27
175 Hygrophila salicifolia Nees Acanthaceae Herb Sept.-Mar. 1 176 Justicia japonica Thunb.
(=Rostellularia japonica (Thunb.) J.L.Ellis)
Acanthaceae Herb July-Jan. 1
177 Justicia tranquebariensis L.f. Acanthaceae Shrub June-Jan. 1 178 Lepidagathis fasciculata
(Retz.) Nees Acanthaceae Herb July-Nov. 1
179 Phlebophyllum spicatum (Roth) Bremek. var. hypoleucum (Nees) Bremek.
Acanthaceae Shrub about 12 Years
1
180 Pseuderanthemum malabaricum Gamble
Acanthaceae Shrub Nov.-Feb. 1
181 Rostellularia diffusa (Willd.) Nees var. orbiculata (Wall. ex T.And.) J.L.Ellis
Acanthaceae Shrub Throughout 1
182 Rostellularia simplex Wight Acanthaceae Herb Aug.-Mar. 1 183 Stenosiphonium parviflorum
T.Anderson Acanthaceae Shrub Dec.-May 1
184 Strobilanthes meeboldii Craib Acanthaceae Herb Jan.-Mar. FEG TP et
al 185 Premna corymbosa Rottler &
Willd. Verbenaceae Peddanaruva,
Pomanti. Small tree Jan.-Sept. 1
186 Vitex leucoxylon L.f. Verbenaceae Lokki. Tree Feb.-Apr. 1 187 Anisochilus dysophylloides
Benth. Lamiaceae Shrub Dec.-Apr. FCTR
D 188 Endostemon viscosus (Roth)
M.R.Ashby Lamiaceae Herb July-Dec. 1
189 Isodon coetsa (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Kudo (=Plectranthus coetsa Buch.-Ham. ex Don.)
Lamiaceae Herb Oct.-Jan. FCTRD
190 Leucas indica (L.) R.Br. ex Vatke var. lavandulifolia (Rees) Chandrabose & Srinivasan
Lamiaceae Poolatummi, Tummi.
Herb Sept.-Apr. FCTRD
191 Leucas indica (L.) R.Br. ex Vatke var. nagalapuramiana (Chandrab. & Sriniv.) D.A. Moulali & T. Pullaiah
Lamiaceae Herb Oct.-Mar. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 13 of 27
192 Leucas martinicensis (Jacq.) R.Br.
Lamiaceae Herb Oct.-Mar. 1
193 Leucas montana (Roth) Spreng.
Lamiaceae Straglling Shrub
Jan.-Mar. 1
194 Leucas wightiana Wall. ex Benth. Missing
Lamiaceae Herb Oct.-Feb. 5
195 Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T.Aiton var. walkeri (Benth.) Hook.f.
Lamiaceae Herb Oct.-Mar. FEG TP et
al
196 Platostoma menthoides (L.) A.J.Paton (=Geniosporum menthoides (L.) Druce)
Lamiaceae Bhoothulasi. Herb Mar. FEG TP et
al
197 Pogostemon myosuroides (Roth) Kuntze
Lamiaceae Herb Dec.-Mar. 1
198 Pogostemon nilagiricus Gamble
Lamiaceae Herb Nov.-Feb. 1
199 Pogostemon paniculatus (Willd.) Benth.
Lamiaceae Herb Jan.-Apr. FCTRD
200 Scutellaria violacea B.Heyne ex Benth.
Lamiaceae Straglling Herb
Aug.-May 1
201 Teucrium tomentosum B.Heyne ex Benth.
Lamiaceae Shrub Nov.-Mar. 1
202 Plantago erosa Wall. Plantaginaceae Herb Throughout FCTRD
203 Celosia argentea L. var. plumosa
Amaranthaceae Errakodiguttuaku. Herb Throughout FCTRD
204 Celosia pulchella Moq. Amaranthaceae Herb July-Dec. 1 205 Persicaria pulchra (Blume)
Sojak (=Polygonum pulchrum Blume)
Polygonaceae Herb 1
206 Piper attenuatum Buch.-Ham. ex Miq.
Piperaceae Climber July-Sept. 1
207 Piper hymenophyllum (Miq.) Wight
Piperaceae Climber Feb.-Dec. 1
208 Actinodaphne madraspatana Bedd. ex Hook.f.
Lauraceae Tree Feb.-Apr. 1
209 Beilschmiedia roxburghiana Nees
Lauraceae Tree Apr.-May 1
210 Litsea deccanensis Gamble Lauraceae Naramamidi. Tree Feb.-May 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 14 of 27
211 Neolitsea foliosa (Nees) Gamble) var. caesia Gamble
Lauraceae Tree Sept.-Dec. 1
212 Taxillus tomentosus Tiegh. Loranthaceae Noogu tellanugu, Gilledu badanika.
Parasite Jul.-Dec. FCTRD
213 Viscum heyneanum DC. Viscaceae Badanika. Parasite Nov.-May 1 214 Viscum monoicum Roxb. ex
DC. Viscaceae Parasite 1
215 Viscum ramosissimum Wall. Viscaceae Parasite Feb.-July 1 216 Osyris lanceolata Hochst. &
Steud. (=Osyris quadripartita Salz ex Decne)
Santalaceae Shrub Feb.-May 1
217 Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. Euphorbiaceae Mabbaku. Shrub Throughout 1 218 Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.)
C.E.C.Fisch. Euphorbiaceae Errapuruguda,
Erraballi. Shrub Sept.-Jan. 1
219 Croton klotzschianus Thwaites
Euphorbiaceae Nepalavemu. Shrub Aug.-Jan. 1
220 Dalechampia indica Wight Euphorbiaceae Climber Dec.-Feb. 1 221 Drypetes sepiaria (Wight &
Arn.) Pax & K.Hoffm. Euphorbiaceae Small tree Dec.-Apr. 1
222 Epiprinus mallotiformis (Mull.Arg.) Croizat
Euphorbiaceae Tree Nov.-Jan. 1
223 Euphorbia tortilis Rottler ex Ainslie
Euphorbiaceae Tirugujemudu, Nagajemudu.
Small tree Feb.-May 1
224 Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns (=Synadenium grantii Hook.f.)
Euphorbiaceae Shrub Nov.-Jan. 1
225 Glochidion heyneanum (Wight & Arn.) Wight (=Glochidion velutinum Wight)
Euphorbiaceae Small tree July-Sept. 1
226 Lasiococca comberi Haines (=Homonoia comberi (Haine) Merr.)
Euphorbiaceae Small tree Aug.-Sept. 1
227 Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Mull.Arg.
Euphorbiaceae Tree Oct.-Feb. 1
228 Mallotus rhamnifolius (Willd.) Muell.-Arg.
Euphorbiaceae Small tree Jan.-Mar. 1
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 15 of 27
229 Margaritaria indica (Dalzell) Airy Shaw
Euphorbiaceae Tree June-Oct. 1
230 Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb. Euphorbiaceae Herb Throughout 5 231 Sauropus bacciformis (L.)
Airy Shaw Euphorbiaceae Herb July-Feb. 1
232 Suregada lanceolata (Willd.) Kuntze (=Suregada angustifolia (Mull.Arg.) Airy Shaw)
Euphorbiaceae Karuguggilam. Small tree Dec.-Apr. 1
233 Tragia sanjappae Chakrab. & N.P.Balakr. (=Tragia involucrata L. var. angustifolia Hook.f.)
Euphorbiaceae Teega Dulagondi. Climber Dec.-Mar. 1
234 Celtis philippensis Blanco Ulmaceae Verri Musti; Kovoka Mushti, Tella Kovoka Mushti.
Tree Dec.-Mar. 1
235 Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. (=Droguetia diffusa Wedd.)
Ulmaceae Herb FCTRD
236 Ficus dalhousiae Miq. Moraceae Tree Jan.-Mar. 1 237 Girardinia diversifolia (Link)
Friis Urticaceae Herb Feb.-Mar. 1
238 Pouzolzia bennettiana Wight Urticaceae Herb Throughout 1 239 Blyxa octandra (Roxb.)
Planch. ex Thw. Hydrocharitaceae Annual
Herb June-Oct. 3
240 Aphyllorchis montana Rchb. Orchidaceae Shrub Feb.-Aug. 3 241 Bulbophyllum kaitiense
Rchb.f. Orchidaceae Epiphyte 3
242 Cleisostoma tenuifolium (L.) Garay (=Sarcanthus pauciflorus Wight)
Orchidaceae Epiphyte Jul.-Aug. 3 & CSR
243 Dendrobium ovatum (Willd.) Kraenzl.
Orchidaceae Epiphyte Sept.-Oct. 3
244 Diplocentrum recurvum Lindl.
Orchidaceae Epiphyte May-Jul. 3
245 Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh (=Eulophia nuda Lindl.)
Orchidaceae Herb Feb.-Jun. 3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 16 of 27
246 Habenaria longicornu Lindl. Orchidaceae Herb Sept.-Nov. CSR 247 Habenaria rariflora A.Rich. Orchidaceae Herb Jul.-Aug. 3 248 Vanda spathulata (L.)
Spreng. Orchidaceae Epiphyte Mar.-Sept. 3
249 Vanda testacea (Lindl.) Rchb.f.
Orchidaceae Epiphyte Apr.-Jun. 3
250 Vanilla wightii Lindl. ex Wight (=Vanilla wightiana Lindl.)
Orchidaceae Climber Mar.-Apr. 3
251 Curcuma neilgherrensis Wight
Zingiberaceae Herb July-Aug. 3
252 Dracaena terniflora Roxb. Agavaceae Straglling Shrub
Mar-Sept. 3
253 Furcraea foetida (L.) Haw. Agavaceae Herb Aug.-Oct. 3 254 Yucca gloriosa L. Agavaceae Small tree Apr.-Sept. FCTR
D 255 Asparagus gonoclados Baker Liliaceae Shrub Aug.-Jan. 3 256 Chlorophytum malabaricum
Baker Liliaceae Herb June-Nov. 3
257 Dianella ensifolia (L.) DC. Liliaceae Herb Jul.-Oct. FCTRD
258 Najas minor All. Najadaceae Herb July-Nov. 3 259 Aponogeton crispus Thunb.
(=Aponogeton echinatus Roxb.)
Aponogetonaceae Herb Jan.-Apr. 3
260 Eriocaulon minutum Hook.f. Eriocaulaceae Herb Aug.-Nov. FCTRD
261 Eriocaulon ritchieanum Ruhland
Eriocaulaceae Herb Aug.-Dec. 3
262 Cyperus mitis Steud. Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Oct.-Dec. 3
263 Cyperus paniceus (Rottb.) Boeckeler (=Mariscus paniceus (Rottb.) Vahl)
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Jul.-Dec. 3
264 Cyperus squarrosus L. (=Mariscus squarrosus (L.) C.B.Clarke)
Cyperaceae Annual Herb
Jul.-Nov. 3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 17 of 27
265 Cyperus tuberosus Rottb. (=Cyperus rotundus L. subsp. tuberosus (Rottb.) Kuk.)
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Oct.-Jan. FCTRD
266 Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) Schult.
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
June-Dec. 3
267 Eleocharis swamyii Govind. Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Sept.-Dec. 3
268 Fimbristylis cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth (=Abildgaardia cinnamometorum (Vahl) Thw.)
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Aug.-Dec. 3
269 Fimbristylis eragrostis (Nees) Hance (=Abildgaardia eragrostis Nees & Meyen ex Nees)
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Sept.-Oct. 3
270 Fimbristylis nutans (Retz.) Vahl
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Sept.-Dec. 3
271 Lipocarpha chinensis (Osbeck) J.Kern
Cyperaceae Annual Herb
May-Oct. 3
272 Rhynchospora rubra (Lour.) Makino
Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Oct.-Feb. FCTRD
273 Scleria corymbosa Roxb. Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Sept.-Dec. 3
274 Scleria terrestris (L.) Fassett Cyperaceae Perennial Herb
Feb.-Dec. 3
275 Apluda mutica L. Poaceae Annual Herb
3
276 Aristida adscensionis L. (= Aristida depressa Retz.)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
277 Aristida setacea Retz. Poaceae Perennial Herb
278 Arthraxon lancifolius (Trin.) Hochst.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
279 Arundinella nervosa (Roxb.) Nees ex Hook. & Arn.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
280 Arundinella setosa Trin. (= Arundinella setosa var. lanifera C.E.C.Fisch.)
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 18 of 27
281 Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
282 Brachiaria distachya (L.) Stapf
Poaceae Koranna gaddi. Annual Herb
3
283 Brachiaria remota (Retz.) Haines
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
284 Brachiaria reptans (L.) C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
285 Urochloa setigera (Retz.) Stapf (= Brachiaria setigera (Retz.) C.E. Hubb.)
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
286 Centotheca lappacea (L.) Desv. (= Centotheca latifolia)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
287 Chloris barbata Sw. (= Chloris inflata)
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
288 Chloris dolichostachya Lag. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
289 Chloris roxburghiana Schult. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
290 Chrysopogon asper B.Heyne ex Blatt. & McCann
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
291 Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf
Poaceae Vasana gaddi. Perennial Herb
3
292 Cymbopogon coloratus (Hook.f.) Stapf
Poaceae Boda gaddi. Perennial Herb
3
293 Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) W.Watson
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
294 Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum (Steud.) Stapf
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
295 Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
296 Bothriochloa pertusa (L.) A.Camus (= Dichanthium pertusum (L.) Clayton)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
297 Digitaria abludens (Roem. & Schult.) Veldkamp
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 19 of 27
298 Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
299 Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
300 Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
301 Digitaria nodosa Parl. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
302 Digitaria radicosa (Miq.) Miq.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
303 Digitaria setigera Roth Poaceae Annual Herb
3
304 Dimeria lehmannii (Steud.) Hack.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
305 Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Poaceae Annual Herb
3
306 Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) P. Beauv.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
307 Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Poaceae Annual Herb
3
308 Eragrostiella bifaria (Vahl) Bor
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
309 Eragrostiella brachyphylla (Stapf) Bor
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
310 Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. ex Steud.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
311 Eragrostis japonica (Thunb.) Trin. (= Eragrostis diarrhena (Schult. & Schult.f.) Steud.)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
312 Eragrostis nutans (Retz.) Nees ex Steud.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
313 Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
314 Eragrostis riparia (Willd.) Nees
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 20 of 27
315 Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. (= Eragrostis tenella (L.) Roem. & Schult.)
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
316 Eragrostis patula (Kunth) Steud. (= Eragrostis tenuifolia (A.Rich.) Hochst. ex Steud.)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
317 Eragrostis viscosa (Retz.) Trin.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
318 Eulalia phaeothrix (Hack.) Kuntze
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
319 Garnotia tenella (Arn. ex Miq.) Janowski
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
320 Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.
Poaceae Kaserigaddi, Eddigaddi.
Annual Herb
3
321 Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
Poaceae Dharbagaddi. Perennial Herb
3
322 Polytrias indica (Houtt.) Veldkamp (= Ischaemum indicum (Houtt.) Merr.)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
323 Leersia hexandra Sw. Poaceae Annual Herb
3
324 Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze (= Mnesithea granularis (L.) Koning & Sosef)
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
325 Oryza meyeriana (Zollin.&Mor.) Baill. (= Oryza meyeriana var. granulata (Nees ex Steud.) Duist.)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
326 Oryza rufipogon Griff. (= Oryza nivara S.D.Sharma & Shastry)
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
327 Panicum brevifolium L. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 21 of 27
328 Panicum fischeri Bor Poaceae Annual Herb
3
329 Panicum notatum Retz. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
330 Panicum paludosum Roxb. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
331 Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
332 Paspalum scrobiculatum L. Poaceae Arikelu. Annual Herb
3
333 Pennisetum hohenackeri Hochst. ex Steud.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
334 Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
335 Phalaris minor Retz. Poaceae Annual Herb
3
336 Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
337 Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
338 Sacciolepis indica (L.) Chase Poaceae Annual Herb
3
339 Sehima nervosum (Rottler) Stapf.
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
340 Setaria intermedia Roem. & Schult.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
341 Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.
Poaceae Nakkathoka gaddi. Annual Herb
3
342 Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv.
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
343 Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
344 Sporobolus tenuissimus (Schrank.) Kuntze
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
345 Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth (= Sporobolus tremulus (Willd.) Kunth)
Poaceae Annual Herb
3
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 22 of 27
346 Sporobolus wallichii Munro ex Thwaites
Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
347 Themeda cymbaria Hack. Poaceae Perennial Herb
3
Reference:
Pullaiah, T and E. Chennaiah (1997) Flora of Andhra Pradesh (India) Vol.1. Scientific
Pullaiah, T and D.Ali Moulali (1997) Flora of Andhra Pradesh, (India) Vol.2. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
Pullaiah, T (1997) Flora of Andhra Pradesh (India). Vol.3. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
Pullaiah, T. and Karuppusamy (2008) Flora of Andhra Pradesh, India. Vol. 5.Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
CSR= Sudhakar Reddy, C., K. N. Reddy and Vatsavaya S. Raju (2008) Supplement to Flora of Andhra Pradesh, India. Deepti Publications. New Delhi.
Madhava Chetty, K., K. Sivaji & K. Tulasi Rao (2008) Flowering Plants of Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Students Offset Printers, Tirupati.
Pullaiah, T. and D. Muralidhara Rao (2002) Flora of Eastern Ghats Hill Ranges of Southeast India. Vol.1 (Ranunculaceae-Moringaceae). Regency Publications New Delhi.
Pullaiah, T., K. S. R. Murthy, P. S. P. Goud, T. D. C. Kumar and R. Vijayakumar (2003) Medicinal plants used by the tribals of Nallamalais, Eastern Ghats of India. Journ. Trop. Med. Plants 4(2): 237-244.
Pullaiah, T. and S. Sandhya Rani (1999) Trees of Andhra Pradesh, India. Regency Publications, New Delhi.
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 23 of 27
Some of the Common, Rare and Endemic species of the Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve
Fig.- 1: Acmella uliginosa
Fig.-2: Asparagus gonoclados
Fig.-3: Cycas beddomei (Endemic)
Fig.-4: Cymbopogon flexuosus
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 24 of 27
Fig.- 5: Cyperus squarrosus
Fig.-6: Decaschistia crotonifolia (Rare)
Fig.- 7: Dellinia indica (Endemic)
Fig.- 8: Eragrostiella bifaria
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 25 of 27
Fig.- 9: Pimpinella tirupatiensis (Endemic)
Fig.-10: Pogostemon myosuroides
Fig.-11: Rhynchosia beddomei (Rare)
Fig.-12: Scleria terrestris
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 26 of 27
Fig.- 13: Terminalia arjuna
Fig.-14: Terminalia pallid (Endemic)
Fig.- 14: Pulicaria wightiana
Fig.- 15: Vitex altissima (Rare)
EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats)
Article 11/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 27 of 27
Fig.- 16: Cissus vitiginea
Fig.- 17: Cyanthillium albicans