8th Grade Unit

Paper Mache8th Grade Unit

Paper Mache 8th Grade Unit

8th Grade Unit

What is Papier-mâché

8th Grade Unit

•Papier-mâché is French for “chewed paper”

•It is a composite material consisting of paper pieces or pulp, sometimes reinforced with textiles, bound with adhesive, such as glue, starch or wallpaper paste.

•2 Main methods are used to prepare Papier-mâché; one makes use of paper strips glued together with adhesive and the other method uses paper pulp to which adhesive is then added.

•An armature (support structure) is needed for the first method.

•You can make an adhesive with a Water/Flour mix.

What is Papier-mâché

8th Grade Unit

•In ancient Egypt, coffins and death masks were often made form layers of linen covered with plaster.

•In Persia, Papier-mâché has been used to manufacture small painted boxes, trays and cases.

•In Japan and India, Papier-mâché was used to add decorative elements to armor and shields.

•Starting around 1725 in Europe, glided Papier-mâché began to appear as a low cost alternative to similar treated plaster or carved wood in architecture.

•In Birmingham, England Henry Clay would treat laminated sheets of paper with linseed oil to produce waterproof panels for buildings in 1772.

History of Papier-mâché

8th Grade Unit

•In Russia a designer named Martin Travers made Papier-mâché furniture for his church in the 1930s. Usually laid over wood or metal.

•Nathaniel Holmes Bishop traveled form New York to Florida in a Papier-mâché canoe in 1874-75. The invention of the continuous sheet paper machine allowed paper sheets to be made at any length. They used to paper to make a seamless boat hull (watertight body of the ship or boat)

•Papier-mâché masks became a favorite among elementary school children and craft lovers in the 19th century.

•Today Papier-mâché is commonly used for large temporary sculptures such as carnival floats. A basic structure of wood, metal and metal wire is used to support the Papier-mâché.

History of Papier-mâché

8th Grade Unit

•Born in 1386 in Florence, Italy

•A Renaissance Italian sculptor.

Donatello

8th Grade Unit

Half Bust Sculptures

8th Grade Unit

•A bust is a sculpted or cast representation of the upper part of the human figure, depicting a person's head and neck, as well as a variable portion of the chest and shoulders.

•Supported by a base

• forms recreate the likeness of an individual

•Are sometimes made form marble, bronze, terracotta or wood.

Half Bust Sculptures