A Creative EraAnna KimSun Hong

Music: Jazz

• 1900s: Jazz emerged

• 1920s: Jazz music gained popularity

• Jazz originated from African American musicians in the South

• New Orleans was an early center for the development of jazz.

The Blues• The Blues grew out of

slave music and religious spirituals

• Singers such as Bessie Smith brought blues music to a broader audience.

• Jazz musicians such as Louis Armstrong began to adopt unique characteristics of blues musics

The popularization of Jazz

• During the late 1910s thousands of African Americans moved to north

• Some settled in Chicago and New York.

• White musicians such as adopted jazz elements into their musics.

• Jazz clubs such as Cotton club only allowed white customers even though the performers were African Americans.

Harlem Renaissance

• Many creative black writers, musicians, and artists lived in Harlem.

• Artistic development in the 1920s is known as the Harlem Renaissance.

Theater• The theatrical roles available to

African Americans were restricted by the prejudice.

• African Americans produced and staged several Broadway plays and musicals

• Paul Robeson: one of the most successful actors of 1920s

• Rose McClendon: another leading African American actor of the 1920s

Videos!

• http://kr.youtube.com/watch?v=U2p_5XoP1Fg&feature=related

• http://kr.youtube.com/watch?v=wyLjbMBpGDA

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6r1baNdgImo

Literature• African American writers mainly wrote

about racial identity and struggles of African Americans

• Poet Langston Hughes: poems for African American readers

• James Weldon Johnson (NAACP) supported the writers

• He even raised money to help African American artists and art programs in Harlem

The Lost Generation

• Rise of a new generation of American writers

• Their work reflected their horror at the death and destruction of WWI

• These writers criticized the middle-class consumerism (the fact or practice of an increasing consumption of goods).

• Writers of the Era became known as the Lost Generation.

Lost Generation Writers

Ernest Hemingway

F. Scott Fitzgerald Sinclair Lewis

Ernest Hemingway

• Hemingway spent his life in France, Spain, and Cuba.

• During WWI, he was an ambulance driver as a way to experience war.

• Later, he expressed his anger at the uselessness of war.

• 1929, A Farewell to Arms, illustrates the devastation of war.

F. Scott Fitzgerald

• Fitzgerald wrote This Side of Paradise (1920), and it was about wealthy college students bored by fast living.

• In 1925, he published a book called, The Great Gatsby, which portrayed the emptiness of one man’s pursuit of money and social status.

Criticizing the Middle-Class

• Sinclair Lewis criticized the emptiness and conformity of middle-class life.

• In Main Street (1920), Lewis satirized the close-mindedness of a small Midwestern town.

• In his 1922 novel, Babbitt, the story was about a middle-aged realtor and city booster who is dissatisfied with his middle-class life but lacks the courage to change.

The Visual Arts

• Many American painters of the 1920s drew urban, industrial settings.

• Sense of loneliness and stillness.

• Early Sunday Morning (1930) shows a row of darkened stores and a street empty of people.

• Edward Hopper believed that art should reflect the experiences of modern life.

• Alfred Stieglitz popularize photography

• He photographed people, airplanes, skyscrapers, and crowded city streets.

Early Sunday Morning

Murals

Detroit Industry

Architecture

• In the 1920s, architecture appeared

• Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright inspired many architects

• Wright developed the “prairie style” of domestic architecture

• Used rectangular shapes and clean, horizontal lines

• Building’s materials and form should reflect its purpose

• Chrysler Buildings was completed in 1930.

• Chrysler Building was the tallest building in the world.

• Empire State Building was completed in 1931.

Buildings

Empire State Building

Chrysler Building

Citation• http://www.geocities.com/blackcinematheque/paul-robeson_

1925_101102.jpg

• http://www.findagrave.com/photos/2004/239/9295019_109363222204.jpg

• http://www.earthdocumentary.com/new-york-city/chrysler_building-01.jpg

• http://www.marxists.org/subject/art/visual_arts/painting/exhibits/muralists/detroit_industry_south.jpg

• http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/MCG/FH1088~Early-Sunday-Morning-1930-Posters.jpg

• http://www.gmu.edu/library/specialcollections/ms8.gif

• http://images.amazon.com/images/P/0451526821.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg