13
50 lN DARKEST AFRICA - Part One A GUIDE TO WARGAMING CENTRAL AFRIGA IN THE LATENINETEENTH CENTURY WITHA SETOF SKIRMISH RULES AND CAMPAIGN SYSTEM. by CHRIS PEERS (with a MarkCopplestone). -==-:-.---== no3ro.A, TEE JEW C-{Pr:rAt As most \argamers have learned from exper;ence, it is a sensible polic), to planour figure collecting around the rules thal we enjoy playine. ralher thanbuy;ng figures because \€ like the look of them, and then *'orrying abour whal ro do rvithihen laler Bul ofcourse, it usually doesn't happen rhat \ay. The latest temptation to shake my resolve in this respect is Mark Copplestone's new25mn. "Darkesi Africa" range from Guemsey Foundry. I ha\e ahvays been inrerested in evenls in Africa during the period ofexplorarion. bui untit no$, I had never rhoughr much aboul it as a subjecl tbr udJgdming Bul ha\ing decided rhal lhe figures qere goinr to be inesistible - andhaving seen ho$,many orher members ofmy localclub wereinfected with the same enthusiasm - it $as obvious thatwe would need a game $'e couldplay with The fbllowing ideas arean amalgamation ofseveral ditrerenr influences: nolably PeterPigs "AK-,17 Republic" Modern Afii€an mles and the campaign syslem {hich I devised for them, andmy own,half,forgotten, "Cheap andNasry tndian Muliny SkirmishRules", as .evived and revised by Mark Copplestone andJohnFrench. I rvrote the lalterquile a fe$ years ago. for the usualreason - I had painled up some of Wargames Foundry's Mutiny figures. bul hadno game which I could use them fof - and Duncanwas kind enough to publisb thcm in WI at tbe tirne. To judge from 1be feedback tiom readers th;s musthavebeen the mostpopular anicle I have ever$ritten. which is a bit embarrassing as I threwlhe rulestogether in aboul balf an hour,between finishingthe figureson Sunday and playingthe game on the lbllowing Tuesday. No onewasmoresurprised thanI tras to find rhat. ;ncrediblt basic rhoughthey w€re. rhey actuallyworked! Neve(heless. lhey languished largelyforgorlen for quite a i\.hil€, until oul ofthe blue Mark andJohn ask€d if I minded ifthey adapied themfor rheh African game ar Partizan rh;s May. Ofcourse I didn't mind: lhey had solved my problem as wcll as their own. A&er all, the rules tlere intended specifically for largel9th c€ntury skirmishes bet{een forces at different leveis oftechnology andorganisation, andrvirh a fer.obviouschangcs. they appeared to work for Africajust as sellas for India. OF TBE ${PEBOB ITTESA. Skirmish games arc all lery Bell for an occasional ligh! hearted encounter. bul I llnd thatpeople tendto lose inlerest in themafter a while, unless rhcy afc built inio some more durable slructure- No one wanls 10 buy a fe\\. hundred figures, put themon the table on€e or tw;ce, andthenshove themto the backof a drawer Obviously, what was needed w?s an equally simple €anpaign- And once again, the solution $as already to hand. I have explained in a previous arlicle the st)lised ca'npaignsysremwhich we (ie. the OctoberClub in Binningham) are using for our current Modern African campxign. "The Dagomban Civil War". Well. it turns out rhal long-suffcr;ng lbur fortunately fictional) Daeomba was also a scene of conflici about a hundred andthirty years ago. The system I have used hereis not identical 1o the modem version, because the aims ofth€ differentfactions are differenl, but the basic "smkes and ladders"principle is the same. and basing il on the map oI Dagomba saved me the bother offinding or invent;ng a new HISTORICAL BACKGROUND. By lhe rhird quanerof the lgth cenrury, Easrand Cenrral Africa had become something of a playground for explorers andadventurers from Europe. Forthe people living there. on the other hand, lhis was a time of disasler Nol only Europeans. but Arab slavers and almosrequally rulhless ivory traders rampaged across the continent, d.agging off the natives lor saleabroad or conscripting themas porters. At Ihe same time $'arlike tribes such l]s the Ngoni from the south and the Kammojong from the north, set in motionb-v otherupheavals beyond their homelands, migraled or raided inlo the region. The local lribesof course foughtback,and in the vastregionbetween the CongoRiver and the Indian Oceanall sorls of differentarmiesallied or clashed with each other in whal must have seemed at times like a gigantic multi-comered fight. As ifthis $?s not enough, some tr;bes - nolably the Masai- kepl rhemselves busv with blood! civ;l Th€ fi-qhting was seldom over conventicnaltenitorial objectiles.For the European explorers, ihe ultimale goal

A GUIDE TO WARGAMING CENTRAL AFRIGA IN THE … · 50 ln darkest africa - part one a guide to wargaming central afriga in the late nineteenth century with a set of skirmish rules and

  • Upload
    lyminh

  • View
    218

  • Download
    1

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

50

lN DARKEST AFRICA - Part OneA GUIDE TO WARGAMING CENTRAL AFRIGA IN THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURYWITH A SET OF SKIRMISH RULES AND CAMPAIGN SYSTEM.

by CHRIS PEERS (with a Mark Copplestone).-==-:-.---==

no3ro.A, TEE JEW C-{Pr:rAt

As most \argamers have learned from exper;ence, it is asensible polic), to plan our figure collecting around the rulesthal we enjoy playine. ralher than buy;ng figures because \€like the look of them, and then *'orrying abour whal ro dorvith ihen laler Bul ofcourse, it usually doesn't happen rhat\ay. The latest temptation to shake my resolve in thisrespect is Mark Copplestone's new 25mn. "Darkesi Africa"range from Guemsey Foundry. I ha\e ahvays been inrerestedin evenls in Africa during the period ofexplorarion. bui untitno$, I had never rhoughr much aboul it as a subjecl tbrudJgdming Bul ha\ ing decided rhal lhe f igures qere goinrto be inesistible - and having seen ho$,many orher membersofmy local club were infected with the same enthusiasm - it$as obvious that we would need a game $'e could play with

The fbllowing ideas are an amalgamation ofseveral ditrerenrinfluences: nolably Peter Pigs "AK-,17 Republic" ModernAfii€an mles and the campaign syslem {hich I devised forthem, and my own, half,forgotten, "Cheap and Nasry tndianMuliny Skirmish Rules", as .evived and revised by MarkCopplestone and John French. I rvrote the lalter quile a fe$years ago. for the usual reason - I had painled up some ofWargames Foundry's Mutiny figures. bul had no game whichI could use them fof - and Duncan was kind enough topublisb thcm in WI at tbe tirne. To judge from 1be feedbacktiom readers th;s must have been the most popular anicle Ihave ever $ritten. which is a bit embarrassing as I threw lherules together in aboul balf an hour, between finishing thefigures on Sunday and playing the game on the lbllowingTuesday. No one was more surprised than I tras to find rhat.;ncrediblt basic rhough they w€re. rhey actually worked!Neve(heless. lhey languished largely forgorlen for quite ai\.hil€, until oul ofthe blue Mark and John ask€d if I mindedifthey adapied them for rheh African game ar Partizan rh;sMay. Ofcourse I didn't mind: lhey had solved my problemas wcll as their own. A&er all, the rules tlere intendedspecifically for large l9th c€ntury skirmishes bet{een forcesat different leveis oftechnology and organisation, and rvirh afer.obvious changcs. they appeared to work for Africajustas sel las for India.

OF TBE ${PEBOB ITTESA.

Skirmish games arc al l lery Bel l for an occasional l igh!hearted encounter. bul I llnd that people tend to lose inlerestin them after a while, unless rhcy afc built inio some moredurable slructure- No one wanls 10 buy a fe\\. hundredfigures, put them on the table on€e or tw;ce, and then shovethem to the back of a drawer Obviously, what was neededw?s an equally simple €anpaign- And once again, thesolution $as already to hand. I have explained in a previousarlicle the st)lised ca'npaign sysrem which we (ie. theOctober Club in Binningham) are using for our currentModern African campxign. "The Dagomban Civil War".Well. it turns out rhal long-suffcr;ng lbur fortunatelyfictional) Daeomba was also a scene of conflici about ahundred and thirty years ago. The system I have used here isnot identical 1o the modem version, because the aims ofth€different factions are differenl, but the basic "smkes andladders" principle is the same. and basing il on the map oIDagomba saved me the bother offinding or invent;ng a new

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND.By lhe rhird quaner of the lgth cenrury, Easr and CenrralAfrica had become something of a playground for explorersand adventurers from Europe. For the people living there. onthe other hand, lhis was a time of disasler Nol onlyEuropeans. but Arab slavers and almosr equally rulhlessivory traders rampaged across the continent, d.agging offthe natives lor sale abroad or conscripting them as porters.At Ihe same time $'arlike tribes such l]s the Ngoni from thesouth and the Kammojong from the north, set in motion b-vother upheavals beyond their homelands, migraled or raidedinlo the region. The local lribes of course fought back, andin the vast region between the Congo River and the IndianOcean all sorls of different armies allied or clashed witheach other in whal must have seemed at times like a giganticmulti-comered fight. As ifthis $?s not enough, some tr;bes- nolably the Masai- kepl rhemselves busv with blood! civ;l

Th€ fi-qhting was seldom over conventicnal tenitorialobjectiles. For the European explorers, ihe ultimale goal

mighl be the unkno'"vn source of a river. or a seni-mythicallak. or mountain. The Arabs $ould be lrling lo collectenough slales or ivory to make the trip inland worthlvhile.and then get their cargo safely back to rhe coast. The nari\ecattle-herding tribes $ould be doing bas;call) the same thingwilh olher pcople's cattle. Olher nalive chiefs mighl aim tob€ recognised or confirmed as a "d;vine" king (according totradit;onal African notions of kingship), through acombinalion of material wealth and success in batlle. Thetanners and hunters, on the olhe. hand, $,ere strategicallythirly pass;ve - although lhe) mighl try to fighr off slavers.or obstruct {he passage ofarmies th.ough the;r lenitory - andwould generally be happy ifthey remained in conlrol ofthe

mean;ng "soldier". For our purposes. it embraces allprofessional Arab and Afr;can lroops, amed with firearmsof various t_vpes, and having a reasonable amounl oiconfidence in their abiliry to use rhem. This includesZanzibari and Sudanese slavers, and natile auxiliariesrecruitcd and equipped by Europeans. Also covered underth;s heading are the better equipped follorvers ol somenative chiefs - such as the "Ruga"Ruga" enployed bywarlords like Mirambo of the Nyamwezi lribe and hiscontemporary Nlungu ofthe Kimbu - ,nd profess;onal slaleand ;vor)Laders like the "pombeiros" whom Livingstonediscovered operating along the upper Zambes; ;n the 1850s.There are 2 sub-classes of Askaris. in addition ro the

'Ihese rules. therelbre, are baied around the existenc€ of anunber of different types of force, each composed ofdiffering propo(ions ofthe various t] pes oftroops available(rvith acknowledgements to Peler P;9, Nho have used asimilar apprcach ;n their "AK-47 Republic" Modern rules).For game purposes, I have reduced the enormous varielv ofredl l i f ( rroopr)pes lo the fol losinC brodd caleporier:

TROOP TYPES:Europeans

Elite Askarisuntil rhe late 1860s,these men will bedistinguished rnainlyby their bexer lrain-ing and morale.Therealler. the]mighi carn, breechloadnrg rifles or re-pealing carbines in

These were mercenaries, rec.uited nainly from the Indiansub-conlinent, who were frequently found in the service ofthe Zanzibaris. They conlinued to favour obsolete matchlockmuskels. backed up by sword and shield, and so arc treatedhere as less effective when firing, although better at hand-ro-hand combat, than standard Askaris.

slead ofthe nore common muzzleloaders. Thev will sencFally be a small minoritJ ofany force - forming, tbr exam-ple, ihe bodyguads ofZantbari leade.s.

Pretty obvious really. ln this periodthey are mostly explorers and big-game hunters. rather than thecommandars of conventionalmilitary expeditions. Armed wilhthe latest rnilhary or sporting guns,practiced shots, convinced of theirabsolute supedority over the"savages" - and wilh nowhere 10run ro ifthey don't stand and fighr -lhey are the most effeclive troops inthe game. Howevet they are onlyavailable in very smallnumbers.

Askaris"Askari" is an Arabic word

UBA'B0,3PITEIoT8.

land they sianed \,!ith.

Baluchis

Native Muskete€rsWaniors fron traditional African societ;es. armed.$iihfirearms whi€h were generally old-fashioned and badly-maintained. These weapons had been supplied in very largenumbers over the preceding couple of centuri€s 10 nativeagents of the ivofv and slave trades. They \,!ere seldom.however used with any greal skill. In lvarfare fi€ noise rheymade rvas oflen considered to be as important as any acrualdamage they might do, and so ancient large-calibre muzzle-loaders were often prefened, even when more modemweapons were available. Ammunition $,as ftequently"grapeshot" made from nails, bils ofpottery etc. (lt was nolunknown lbr waniors to go to the trouble of filing off therifling from the insides ofthe banels ofmodem rifles so rhalthey could be used to fire such improvised projectiles-)

The bow \vas less €onmonly used in warfare in the lgtbcentury than it had been lormerly. This r,as at least partlydue lo lhe prestige wh;ch had come ro be aitached tofirearms, although in fact skilled archers \\'ere often moreefective than their compatriots equipped with musketswhich they had not been trained to use properly. Somepeoples - notably pastoralists like the Masai - desp;sed thebo!v, and restricted its use to youths not yet qualified aswaniors, and old nen lefi to guard the camp. Howevef,some forest tribes who r€lied heavily on hunling could siillfield numerous fichers, many of whom used poisonedarrows. There is I sub-class ofthis category:

PyenicsIn the dense Congo rain forests, a few lribes ofPygmies stilllived as hunter-gatherers. They rvere exceptionally skillcd infieldcraft and archery, and specialised in shooting poisonedanows from ambush. They usually prefered ro aloid otherpeople, but in many cases had been lured or forced into a€lose relationship with neighbouring farming tribes. Thefarmers ofien thought of themselves as owning "rheir"

Pygmies, but the latter no doubt saw il differenlly. In facl,many other Africans w€re secr€tly tenified of the deadlylittle hunters.

Native SpearmenOthe. tribal waniors. whether armed with spears (by far rhemost common) or other hand-to-hand w€apons such asswords and axes. Swords $'ere popular in Easr Africa andareas under Arab influence, but less so in the Congo. Thereare 2 sub-classes. apart from standard Spearmen:

Agil€ SpearmenThe younger waniors of some pastoral or semi-pasroralsocieties. whose lifestyle and training for war made lhemexceptionally fleet of fool, and who were expected 1() pfolethemselves in battle before they could progress 10 full adulrsratus within the lribe. Among some peoples, Iike the Masai,this distinction was lbrrnalised by a tradirional system oforganised age-classes, members ofs,hich foughr rogerber

Warrior SpearmenComprising a small elite oflhe older, more experienced menin most societies, but the bulk of the mature warriors of alew notably warlike peoples, such as th€ Masai or Ngoni.These men might be slightly less mobile thar their juniors,but are exceptionally deadly in close €ombat.

FORCE TYPES:The above troop-tvpes, in varying propodions, may becombined into any of the following force types. Like thetroop categories the]' are necessarily over,simplified, but ilshould be possible io fit most histor;calexamples into one orolher of them. The numbers given are of course onlysuggesiions, and could for example be halved (or doubledl)depending on the number of figures available. Relativeslrengths are intended to produce a rough balance betweenthe different forces, but ihis depends on a lot ofother factors(such as the tenain), and so cannot be guaranteed.

In this period Europeans came to tropical Afii€a not somuch as conquerors as explorers. whether private orgovemment-back€d. Some ofthem had a genuine (ifusuallynisguided) inlerest in helping the Africans, by spreading"civilisation" or suppfessing the slave trade. For others. themotive was scientific curiosity, career advanc€meni, or thedesire to get rich. They would not usually launchunDrovoked altacks on native forces. but would insist ongoing whereve. they l;ked, and would be inclined to takedrastic action if this was disputed. Somedmes they *ould

32 figures:

Native CbiefdomSome East African peoples rlere either already highlyorganised under lraditional rulers - like the Buganda oflakeVictoria - or organised themselves in response to outsideinfluences - like the Nyamwezi in Tanzania, who made so

53

12 - 24 Askaris. (Any may beBaluchis. Up to 4 Askarifigures may be EIite.)

0 - 12 Native Musketeers-0-4 Native Archers.8 - 20 Native Spearmen.

inrcrvene in local disputes. Brilish expeditions, in panicular,might be under instructions to attack slavers. Some explorersmanaged to avoid €onflict with the natives, while others -Sianle) and Peters being among the worst examples - foughttheir \\,ay rulhlessly througb anything resembling opposition.Expeditions could vary greatly in size, but for our purposes a"typical" force looks like this:

l6 figures: I - 3 Europeans.6 - 12 Askaris. (Up to l/l may

be EIile.)0 - 8 Native Musketeen or

0-8 Nat ive Speamen.

3 ofthe above figures are ofiicers. At least I ofrhem mustbe European. Up to 2 nay be Elite Askaris.

During the l9th century, Arab expeditions penetmred EastAftica fiom two different directions. The Zanibaris - heirsto the Omani expansion doun th€ coasr which had replacedthe Porluguese - came from the east coast, while Egypliansand Sudanese moved down from the north. The latter wereoften rellrred 10 as "Turks", because they came from areasrvh;ch had once been under the control of the OttomanSullans. The Zanzibaris had a bad reputation as slale-raiders, although most oftheir victims were ;n fact capruredfor ihem by native all;es. They also engaged in morelegitimate trade, especially in ivory. The "Turks were evenmore rapacious, as they rvere mainly interested in seizingrecruits for lhe Egyptian army, and caried no goods forpeaceful trading. However, they seldom penetnted furthersoulh than the north of wbat is now Uganda. In theiroperations ;n the Sudan (both East and West) rhey oftenrelied on €avalry. but horses were unsuiled to the tserse-flyinfested regions of East and Central Afric4 and so are notcatered lbr in these rules. Arab factions often foughr not onlynative peoples, but also each otber. They were also alvarious limes allies and enemies of various Europeanexpeditions. A notional force ofthis type will consist oi

fair numbers of firearms, and often managed to look afterthemselves quile well. This force rcpresents botb thetradilional chiefdoms, and the nore ephemeral regimes ofmen like Mirambo aDd Nyungu. The "askaris", particularlyin the latter type of fbrce, *ould include the colourtul"Ruga-Ruga" irregulars, whose discipline sometimes leftsomething to be desired, but who were full-tirne soldi€rswith good weapon-handling skills:

44 figures:

much profitfiom theiremploymentas porte.s that

could afford

8 - 16 Aska|js.8 - 16 Nalive Musketeers.0 - l0 Native Ar€hers.8 - 16 Nati.\re Spearmen. (Up ro

l/4 may b€ WaniorSpearmen.)

Tribal FarmersMany Africans - especially those far ftom the coast - stilllived in small faming communities, Iargely isolated fiomthe great trading roules, and so cut otr from a supply ofmodem weapons. In reality they seldom managed ro rcsist

4 Askari figures (ofany sub-type) are ofiicers.

5 Askari figures are ofiicen.

European or Arab incursions, but for the sake of gamebalance we will give them a large enough force to sland a

6,1figures:

PAINTING GUIDE:EXPLORERSEarly European explorers tended to wear clolhes of a cutand colour popular at home, or a specially made. oftenidiosyn€ratic, travelling costume. Later a white or palekhaki "uniform" *'ith a tropical helmet or wide-brimmed hatbecame the norm. Some ofthe more famous explorers wereassociated with a particular costume:

Livingstone - a red smock and a biue peaked cap with agold band.Baker - a loose smock and trousers. dyed in natural shades.with a peaked cap with neckflap.

0 - 16 Native Musketeers.0-24 Native Archers. (Up 10

I2 figur€s may bePysmies.)

32 - 64 Native Spearmen. (Up tol/4 may be WaJriorSpearmen.)

0-4 Nat ive Archers.60 - 64 Native Spearmen. (Up to

l/2 may be AgileSpearmen, l/5 to i/4 areWarrior Spearmen.)

6 figures (not Pygmies) are ofii€ers.

Tribal Herdsm€nSome African societies in the drier savannah regionsrejectedfarming, and lived mainly or exclusivelv from the productsoftheir cattle. They lended to be very warlike, conseNative.and convinced of their own superiority over both farmersand hunters. In some cases they instituted a vinual reign oflenor over their neighbours. though in others ther€lationship was more peaceful. The most famous examplefrom East Afiica is the Masai, but similar herdsmendominated much of th€ southem Sudan. The Ngoni. whomigraied into East AFica llom the sourh eafly ;n tbe l9thcentury and brought sith ihem a military system derivedliom that of the Zulus. may also be placed in this caregory.A popular pastime among the wariors of lhese irib€s w?ssleal;ng catlle, from ihe famers or each orher. (According toMasai legend, all the cattle in the world orig;nally belongedto lhem, although some had been temporarilymisappropriated by lesser p€oples. I1 rvas obviously awarrior's duly to help return them to the fold.) They foughrvery ellbctivel] against other traditional Africans. bur theirrash courage. and their tendency to d€spise guns ,rndskirm;shing tactics, made them tenibl) \ulnerable lo Nodernfirearms.

64 fisures:

Speke - Iight brc$'n trcusers, a greenishrlith many pockets, and acheck shirt.Stanley - a frogged .iacket and curiousdevisins, in a pale shade ofkhaki.

hat of his o\\.n

6 Warrior Spearman figures are officers.

Tribal HuntersBy the l9lh century, ihis ancient lifestyle survived only in afew isolated pockets, which were 1oo dry or too denselyfbrested for agriculture. Thus hunters were seldom rroubledmuch by davers, being too few and too elusive to be worthchasing. Most - though not all , of the specialisr hunrerswere pygqries living in the rainforests of the Congo. Thist-vpe of force will be quite efective in thick cover, butperhaps less useful elsewhere:

48 figures ifPygmies;60 ifnol:

All or none may be Pygmies. If Pygmy, all couni as PygmyNative Archers. lf not, up to 24 figures may be NaliveSpearmen. and the ren srandard Nali\e Archel:.

5 figures are ofilcers ifPygmies.6 ifnot.

Flags - expeditions starting in Zanzibar usually canied theSultan's plain rcd flag. and often a national flag1oo.

ASKARISSkin - could vat" from yello$ish bronze to dark bro\ln.Askaris would not wear warpaint, although some wouldhave tribal scars.

Loincloths - most commonly olT-white cotton, sometimesdyed yello$.bro$'n, indigo (all shades from blue-black tofaded denim) or white *'ith a nanor,! reddish border. Othermore colourful fabrics included blue with a broad red stripe,dark blue with a red oryellorv border mulri-coloured checksand sometimes plain red. In pradice these best clotbesuould be kepl lbr special occasions. and eleryda) loinclothssould be ragged and srained.

Waistcoats - blue or red in imilation ol lhe Zanzibar;s.

Coats and Shirts - if wom at all, could represent arudimentary unifom eg the white coats with red or bluecuffs and a natching l' square between the shoulders wornby lmperial British East Africa Company troops in 1890.

Htts - either fezzes and caps, in red or while. or turbans,usually while.

BEARERSDressed more poorly than askaris in plain fabrics or animalskins.

ZANZIBARI ARABSSkir - vaied, liom oliv€ to dark broun. with the number oftseneralions a famil) had been senled in l-asl Africa.

Gown - a long shirl with tull-length sleeves. Originally thiswas a dull yelloq but by the 1870s was usDally white. i1sbrightness increasing with status. At the waist there wasusually a sash, often $,hite although any colour could beused. A shorter shirl, in a slriped or pattemed fabric. wassomelimes lvorn over the go*n.

Waistcoats and Jackets - dark blue or red zouave style rvithcontrasting edging and decorarion.

Overm.ntles - in dark blue or red, wom by leaders.

Hats - whirc fezzes or turbans. W€ahhier Arabs often usedmulticoloured. striped silks fof their turbans.

Flags - a blood-red flag \las rhe sign of a camvan rromZanzibar. although the conringents of individual leaderscanied their o\n f lap5. lhe.e were probabt) s impt(\enicdlor ho.r /onlal \ l r ipe) in blue. red and $hi le. r l lhoughpattemed fabrics may have been used.

RUGA-RUGAClolhing - a mixture ol askari, Zanzibari and tribal stytes.Red cloaks \€re sometim€s wom. Oliicers lvore Zanzibari,style rvhite gorvns witb red or blue coars.

Hats - large rDdans rvith feathers. feathered tribalheaddresses and probably ttzzes.

O.naments - hung rvith chams. lors ofivory bangtes, b.assor copper lvire around wrists and ankles.

CENTRAL AFRICAN TRIBESSkin - from light ro very dark brown, jairly uniform with;n aparticularrribe

Loincloths - animal skins, bark clorh (pale red-brown) andlater imporred cloth.

Hair and Headgerr, huge \arier] ofhairsryles. \,rhich {ereolien the dislinguishing featrre ofa tribe. Feathers coutd befixed in hair - ostrich feathers (long \hite and short black) inEasl Africa, and panot feathe.s (long crimson ano shortgrey) in the Congo basin. Feathers could also be attached toanimal skin or baskelwork caps.

55

Warprint - not ahvays used. but uhen ir was red and whitewere the usual colours. Patlems usually involved paintingparts oflhe bod] ;n solid colours (eg white ams and tegs orrcd upper body). Somerimes rhe enrire body could bepa;n.ed, half red and half white. A tribe might use acommon sl)le, bul would nol be painted absolutelyuniformly.

Shi€lds - ;n East Africa, $hen used. $€re round or oval andmade ofhide. They \ €re often unpainted. ahhough at leastone tribe painied rheirs half red and hatf black. Anycombinarion of red. $h < and black i ! pos5ibte. In theddmper a'ongo qhere hide $as una\ai ldbte or qoutd rol loofast, shields rv.re made ofbasketwork or light lvood. Bothtypes De.€ commonlv pa;nred black, either plain or $;thgeomelric pattems left in lhe narural cane colour Shields$ere held by a central hand-grip.

Ski/hrish Rr.lesin Pafi Tta,o ....

an.l Campoign System to lolloro

B i . " r | . t r n , s . . l r b s 1 6 . ' i c t qTbey bccoDc fticnds ,idi i.tr qho kerr rhcm radt

ffi.&''s ,*oo*^=srAFRtcA -partrwo -+-- ' ,l t#il:t"l t slt*lpyl*SAMTNG cENTMLAFRTcA rN rHE LArE NrNEreeNrfl ceuroev - ^ jl

'df\eNrnceuroev: , jl

,{Dt$izri. n vv,eE

I.OI*" THE TABLE TOP RULES.i)92f by tQf,,|ffls PEER$.1fu,;Yr rxi-iner-iicitiill6.-

.- --.""--- j - "cd 9U) - ( f i uypqp tseeens . lY ' . . q \ . .b,;{ iL &*r--,:*;^3tre;F,€Rl.+?,-Rw;31#w*-*-- .- .d' CIl y;,& $ k . T t e

s$pffi trH'N # .uX*fi)# ,ffgt! 1K

q"'tn'* *f76 eY{

,*Sm . . l";;;:;:,i;'";:;,;.::,'. ffi ffi\ ' { lhe or iprnal rules $cre designed , is , i con\enrional st i rmish ca5e. lhe e\acr ba.e size, are nor cr i r ical There i , nor much (, ; , i , .'b{e: game. and.o f igure. are assumed ro be indi ! idur l ly brsed poinl $on}ing aboul rh( r im< and ground .c.r le(. <irher. . ,Ff-Q

f'6i) ana are treared as indirdual. rather Lhdn unir.. bur rhere rs Hcretlr2 h's ohl! a ga,nc oltoy toldip6. alt a ! '-itil:e

'6',�'lA.mN\ isE;;;:;:,i;'";:;,,;.:,:'" "ffi ffi;X-;$ ina." treared; indi\rduals rarher than units, but rhere is

'Heresy? h;s oily a game ofrol souie'ts, after alt! /'&':

l!_9/:( no 'eason sh) )ou should not replace rank-and-file fisure. S li&;- \ jb $i th dn elemenl of r \eral f igures on a base. Thi. $ould Sequenceof Play. nq\Y

Ci) ' " f t ' g; te, j berrer impres, ion of lhe numbers in\ol \ed in mosr Vo!e. are al l (mare. t \ i lh on( side complel ing al l i ls F).S,r-!$l reat-liie b.rnles. and $ould nol noliceabb affecr rhe game movemenr and .rcliors betore rhe orher begins. Wtrere one r,f\

91Y19 mecharics. lhe eracr figdre scale is some$har imprecise ride is design.'ed t}le audcker. eirher b, Ihe campdign \-;\b.-r(Y1 an)$a): I dare .a) lhat a slsrem or a5 par ofa:cena-r;o. i r moves f i rs l . enrer ing rhe ' '^ wl. i

9a'( d Livingsrone or Sranle) model rable arong one edge. Ine delender ma) aeptoy tr i . ngures ; f ,$\

Aha d tTll:".,"":":: . ;:::"i:: ll,""l-T: ",*,':,T"",'::,*::"":t':"'*':':1"::'::':::i aqr:& ffi a lru;rn?"J:*ffi$: ffi;r,df*r'nir"*T#ri':#J'* $.{1;{ ffi [-& r#{ir"lihx* ;*:: ::",:*,:::i*,:11;::":*-"' >W*{ ffi

; ;;'h" l*ifr:+ffilt:l;ilmu-*-;"::, $

$ i*;J.ig*:l''r#:*:$

iB3

f r t d W=f j [F # \ *P€-sid#-rss r&##d&#{$fir,T*^,:ra .r&*sc kl;***'#**28-"f'-; #

ffi*'"ftffi:furFAwFb S. d"##64 -ff

p&1't{'i'.iiltr-il$ttom AcWRlT to 20. Xepi an.! Shell JacAet ,tr:

4R tn E- 'f::'r&O'

ffi*s&eEgF.trffitii I *:;';;t2",:*,"," 1i:;::i :*-*,"*''

":':.." ̂ ":::;'"* *"*:': En"e'�d ,e!{*8F I"^7';J;1X,,,","

+*,$&#IFr- -traeAw.tr=& =fr,$:$yr< Jr3 qg:T", sY 'T:'Eg'3 wt4g4F')w' "*m-L.).{.l{1'^<Y; tran DAalAhican r'ibat speatmen with teatheted ptumes ..

:::.!X'!:i::- 8,*r*.""-+OSr-tD* *es

:$\X .:r1l=a q$.?^" S'-IED s'-:tl-r in4Es €T,}\l-�-@ ,#-*1l&\

rr.r,, oeatatrxan Ttibat speatmen with featheted ptir@d. atned ask.tis. i-1,*&f ""F"'":-:-frf*n

ffiITHFffitr ffi ' �ffi6H #.e"",{C srad*q dru}Ji&SIb *ffi ffi:eEl b';1:::::;-nnnnnvr ACW INFANTRY lN KEPI & FROCK COAT DEAL 14 packs) L22 124 $40 f27.50 l4'9-ioe;t ta T $46

1]l r27.so b,;.1

We are afranne tha tolowtna deats. sueDl@d oost included C B EtJROPf, USA,/CAN AUST/NZACW INFANTRY IN KEPI & FROCK COAT DEAL 14 DacKsI 222 L24 $46 t27.50ACW INFANTRY lN KEPI & SHELL JACKET DEAL (4 Dacks) t24 $46 t27-50ACW CAVALRY DEAL 16 mounted Dacks and 3 toot oacksl t59 266 $125 t16

r-Cr9:t t -$46 1]l

r27.so h':t):bY i7o ,-\":,d'{U !a \o 'aJr f .o ,b romdf t r 6 ' ie e rc r ,bdh$d .A t>fe ! ' ^ - .Fn , iJ . - r - r Bbrdns"^uk .qa ra 'GJ'^\ k"Pr 4 "d BtuL n'-zitrC!--.al-. D(,* sh"" rncrrt' r^1'

, r3'-€ h 1 Dy* {" r ,x.Asux qq\,$wd ve,tu,u Vv^tr \vcJ k ,d r t ro s . ' r ! r 'o . f tm/ ! wu L ' .<e lcr: r, orN6 irru4$@s.^ele vA.u bEbnctrsh<^lPdw4 ru.d!6 ndbdei e.btu Bf'd&F '{srjt r l i ' ! '- l l d ' o ou ' o' Aftr o' D{6ar. d0. 'h Fr{doilphqlir (.9'a

c-=!r^\:: ctu e.,doru,4 bsd4dddrloi\ l1ryD r--!\

qm difr{Efl 6ds 5. ft$ G dr iru5h'd (sn. nd! .oh5m. tsnhny i.drdt. w. d@ !us4id.&r ofrh6., rhb Fie idM6 @ eds: Bibrid (Eea,tu. Hiniks, $aP a P | 6 . L j b F ^ E k ) . B r e @ ^ g q P 6 i d h 9 b i * . P r c 6 ' f u ' I n P . n d R d i � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

l 9 - n 6 d ' w a o r f t l R s s l l l J ' ! 3k. fth'Yls st Erbbd4 PdiL k\ bdm rdiN. suu,i Ph6. a! rFr4nii F&rcrl ciiriG tuid. As

'Ndw6'Fnli iq'chiqzduws.Pc wc (us dliny, Pre bd6), ercbtucr: r, orN6 irru4$@s.^ele vA.u bEbnctrsh<^lPdw4 ru.d!6 ndbdei e.btu Bf'd&F '{srj

t r l i ' ! '- l l d ' o ou ' o' Aftr o' D{6ar. d0. 'h Fr{doilphqlir (.9'a

a_:r^\: ctu !r 'u,oru'4 bsd4dddrloi\ l1ryD !--r\I/^rce: uurq nr{rh,${ .ios'on j.t:

b}g i;gtsr1i#ii'", Hub.rts L.nG, on Doyre Rd, s' """1'",i,1",';;:;;.liliot"o,]11", "*.. n",,"c phon.. oi,'a1 ?14211 F.r.or.s1z1as.s K

ff:l$-{�.,1((5_ visible enemy. eyrend up ro l wirhin loliase coler so rnar a trgurc wirtrln )SYd

it''< - Altempl lo rcload a weapon. l'ofrheedgeol a parch olfore.r. for example. can see and jr'<{-$'tf,Sr. rale an unaimed shol at an enem) siLhin 45 degree. of shoot our, and can also be seen b] rhose oulside. bul counrs '<))9{$

S-,'t the direction the firer ii tacing. as a rargeL in co\er. Ho$e\er. a figure slarionary $irhin ,,^\{JrS)'; Relire a( tull speed a$a) Fom all risible enemy. unless cover arlhe srart ofthe game cannor be seen or.hoL aL unLil g.$/{

it-.li Eutopean. tlne Askari or \trarrior Spednnan. he fi|sr shoots or mores. Wlen he does so. all enem) figures :;,$,l.

;3& .. wirhin 6" musl ral(e a panic Iesrtsee belo$) lor ambush. u,\-i_q;LSX

*:"'- - *- - ". "--' wirhin6"mus.ar(ea;;;i..i,;;;;i;;;i*:-'" S-oi-{\i'il'l A fiaure musr be encoumeed in order ro rale an aimed shol :1, B,;

q1,\-. I o, aa*uance ;nro trand-lo.h;d combar. bul if dlready in hand- shooring. j;�6$

g_."i::ffr""#li:'. he mav conrinue ro nghr wirhour - &, 63.b

! p"(&i f;-!

ruffi ffiffiffiwfl-..% m1m&'*;ffiftffif; fuffil.ffi '*xl}'Wffiffi#ffi$g ilW il',flifi,:t*,ril,i;*''.'ffii':ili'*rr* ;$d*$t

ffiWl#i+ffi:-,,ffi$q w r",s";pls'n)r";,;,i.,In,,u,,,.*nn,oo,., :1 $or

)t:dF q"]:::'p:'i:l ryles applv as pan ola Yenario' assume riat Ar hits wirh frrearns knock our rhe r.rper oerm"n"nrr* )oF-:

{6} ::'::li";,ll'reo on'v Dv ''ne -

TI#HilRT Fo'rrows.,hrowaD6:GF,,',_ ,L' ""*, Z6rx- ": cr rarger ugrrre rs r.moveo. iz r.

+",.* ffii o - arY. v\V1ol hkes effect ar that point. 9X$..

Or.cr* ;,'(!-Y

&$reiStusKr;?).-L3 H"na-ro-Hrna co,nurr. 4roo-(arryonunaffecreo *i5

s.ffi \"SiPe ys'*H":'?:r".::riieorha,,s,renp,h , -t,$

ffi E l)ffi '!frlr+#;:]Hi{*,''"ihr'".'i"",*S- Own force is currentl) belo$ halfsrrenglh -2 ..^Srr^^ ) .\As: - - Non-Europeans lesling for ambush by hgmies -)

;^.$*' r;-'t r; : -'\ -.\l) - -:-=

eB; *ilsffi\ .=;@i.q'--=: THE CAMPACA

."ffiffi:*oxffiffio"-kw il,ffi%mj,..('J;( Occurs "hen ta5es louch. hahing dn arracker'\ move. Iflwo The accompanying campaign map depicls an imagina4 Y-? |

Q-tY i:ll:' lcl': "":: l!:::1"'T!''''r" f cti: lgT 'h' "'.pJlTlt ":5:l L':*lr -:t:ljl".c-t:l1o '':;,!: :"1.,i lt $Y

]6,\i( "ir'i..r'ii*. giving rhe orher a free hir. \o more Ihan rwo Africa. lr will be apparenr ihar rhe pame is nor inrenaea to il6.B|r$1. opponens ma1 fishr a figure in Lhe.ame move. be rdi(en loo .eriousl]. buL ir does rr) ro rcpresent rhe son ot i2;q3!-$\

di. Iach fighling figure rolls a D6. adding or subtracring rhe perils shich real-lite ej\peditions mighr have encounlered. :.1i:)r , , fu1< hand-lo-hand modi l le| l g i \en in rhe end column o[ lhe Thes].remisdesignedlocarerfor4ro6playe$.Thel lnr4 lV,,<qi\]. Q' rtrooring raUte. The higher rcorer gets a hit. are rhe stralegicalb acri\€ ones. each represenring an )a-S

,'^an "{ erpedilion of{me kind. lhey nan ar lhe bonom oflhe Vr1'p '"_9) - o t t i , ; . *" 'erted Io? l i l l on a score of 4 or bener. map. and lhro$ a Do in. rum lor rhe maximum lr .*r ." f

, i&I'(\fio - t narmed figures such as bearers are auromdrically killed if slages rhey can move along rheir recpective colouFcoded \---wlr!-Y2 .onru.r.a ly ,n.n..n. roures. Ihe) do not have to'move rhe iull number or sages ;l-!

(3>S if rhe) do nor wish ro. fhe finr eypediuon Lo reacn Lne 'ir1 ,)'q)}tsa P":Sf":t.-- lasr srdee of ir, route. dt Lhe Lop ot rhe map. is rhe sinner of ()W)Yi$.^ panic Tesi.

$W cEIlasr siage of ir, route. at Lhe Lop ol the map. is the s;** "i i$-rhe campaisn. YsG

:f9'<'b;Nffi ffi fl tryHffi l*l*':#'.ft x".'.'-'ffi *:*n[r.ir"xi;ihiffiffiffi$*fi1t*fit+**ffi[tffiffi[s*5**r+itrt*w$l* ffi ilr'r,il.ffi:{$,1--.Tr-$:#$,ril:jHr*s- . , ^@\(-rritc Seeing a friend killed wilhin b" t for each friend dris move).;..$)i surprisea uy arnbush wirhin 6".

occdsronauy a p'ay€r nay oavc Lo ngnt more om one svan 6" (for each friend this move). narive village in orier to use his tull movement score. n *. [6,]l,_"^-_.. ,.," _^. ^ hunLins rribes -in rhe Sorcerert for€sr are P)snies. rhe N t

uI \ s 'dar rs u ( (uPr<u u f abe deah $ilh belore rhe e\pedilion can pass. hore rhal Dlpi\occasionall) d plaler may have ro llghl more Uan one ;\'-6ndrive r i l lage in order Io use hiq tul l movemenL score. lho'e s: .O)

/ ; . y .7. ru,p, , i .uurd hunt inS l r ibes rn the Sorcereis lor€s l are p\smres. lhe ?| : f

5)S-.; o'" l"*. *auced ro hallsrrensrh lhis mo!e. orhers are non-hsm) hunrers. DaJt €xeen simitiiiy a.not." .]ti'*t - r a farrning tribe. shich musr be dealr $ilh in lhe sarne wdv. ,.J./.{

ts lj). rn-* t oe, ̂ rro".ue.. 'r u pruy.ii. in .r'-e. "r .r,r'.irlp..i.r;.,; '/$,

"\};'Sy l_ ""1" "*-"vll:T

llT:'-:l:1)_il:l.rarrreo D) readet A berow) he ma] smnr passase in retum ror a neeotiated ,r,,q'

I - Rout away from nearcst €n€my until rallied by leader A O"r.*l r,. .rv !.-t p*rug.- in *t"- i". , ".g"ri"t.a ,,Yijfisure l€avingtthe table is losr permanently. payment. ji)X,917"\5 }',jsZt"-S"a ) '"r--Helirare-norhooringormovemenrrowards\isible rhe remaining 2 rotes in rhe campaign dre ot course Lhe (p.Q)',{p enemt to' onetum. narire hunre,s and farmers. one ptler conrrols "rr Lr,. --(ft

.q\YA$ >).<r

w?khlftB.s"&tHfi"1qi$,K**qfu{0$.$"$iffi

ffi.:. "( l ) r i l lages ol a\- \9; ' { pantcutar l }pe.{ejn'e!^f'�-',ffiffi*'

r\t'a-l

Rx f,i

ffinmm ffiffi\.orel ,t'q can form a unihd narion under a pardmounr chiet lhev imm(diarel).

_ 9_t,Y:r'$r),/ A$m( r prc\ust anu \!c4,tr, u,a -."'-' '""'

,\-{!t/d(.'1i$ thel can form a unired nation under a pardmounr chiet lhev imm(diarel). CtA v,.)4S97 Crin poinl\ in r$o sa)'. In relum for an unoppored par"age. The Mao-etlerr of Mongo: fhe n,itit* l'ir.Jbourr .. ibit(*) i f ; an erpedir ion ma) agree 'o g:ve rhcn. d: poinr. . Ihe score ol being renori)cd b) apr ideol mdn-edring l ion.. Vou c"nnot "wZ1g)_1{ '( f , / /< i ' , n. ' . r movemenr dice. Ihis mean: lhar rhe fdcr ion iusr led!e rhem ro rheir fare. and be. ide' . a sruf le. l t ron or $) 'af ,,VAg concemed rhro$s irs di \e dr normdl in i l : nert lum. bul doe. r"o $ould lool grcdl on Ihe udl ol )our counrrv hou'e. ;6$)/; ! ){ i * ' r" ' . In:read. rhc narive! ddd ,he .co, i ro Ihei , Rimdin hirc urr i iyou rh'orr a loryouimoremcnrdrce. *9lS'sv{( nor mor.. In:read. lhc narive! ddd rhe .cor i lo Iheir Rimdinhircurt i lyoulhroNr I or }our molem.nr drce. >)t ! \, ILQ!). cumular ive poinrc roral . Ihisreprescnsrhepdl ingofrol l ,or TheMounrainsofrheMoon:Jol l ) good sho$.chaps You l :d)f

l19Y; ;;;;;: ̂ .il ,r'"i"'i,rl ,i.'J'p.ii,r"". mtuie a h"bir of hd\e .,c\i(\(d ,*,'g",i.'i.rp.; l" ;;;; ;;'i,;"*; $..\XS3,Y/\\(,/i doing thi'. at learl on€ nali\e faclion i, sralislicall) likel) lo among rhe benrgir<d .avage.. and upheld he pre'Lipe ol rhe A\r'/{(;$\jQ win rhe campaisn Delore an) of rhem cdn complere rheir rmpirel )f{S): j .$l iournel. t l t atacr iondoe.norwi.hropa).orrhenarire,qi l l ncrcni \rouB. Syj,$S-/r.<l\ nor accepr pdlmenL or are nor beins conLrolled bl a plaler ,l(r(-,,tii i$97 rt ' . . "p.air lon musr alack. I l rhe) $in. rhe) pas. rhrough The Zanzibaris ( Red Route). ;$i t!>3$) ,naft'ectea. Ho$€r<r. if rhe) Iore. lh€) musr hah one nage Ftash Ftood: Ha\ ing carete-t1 pirched camp in a u"ai. 1", lf$,^i<klk, shon ol-rhe narive vill,ige. and pa) lheir nc\r 6 mor(menr lo,e mosl of \our sLrDDlies shen il Uoods aR(r a ,,,dden 9/_1Q\i9l$;l point' Lo rhe vicrors befor< rhel c"n pd*. I1u. iltheir ne\l 5lorm. and \o; hare io send a o;nv bdck ro rt'e cor,r tor KB/G

$YZ$ Lt-" is les.Lhano.rheysi l l ,har€ro$air loranorherrumor mori . Rem;in here unri t )ou lhr;s a I or I ^n r" . ' )" t !V,

)kt ! , . moreun' i l rhe] ha\eaccumulareda,coreof6. mo\emenr dice. i l . -$k

X2aS hine solomon's Mines: Ar least - accordins ro lesena -ldl'ar Y;',6t:1S>;j Other 'ecro|s on each roure are disLinsui 'hed b) eirher 'kul l ' isuharrhisheapofruin, inrhesitdemesru,edrJbe.tn.r . . reYi{V,I,:Q; or hands. The hand. are good nehs: rho.e marled qilh a are.L;

enoulh nu!!er\ ot lotd ro he D;cked un in rhe are: S;'(Jfiq}} f r l , t l are bad. Neirher i lpe can be pa,ed.over: i fyour ro gi ,e lour"ment"nasgini morale.r boosr. iu l . """ ' r , . , lg, j$rzA\ > moverY\erl scor€ lale, )ou pasl one )ou musl hdlt $hen )ou llm immed:dtel\, .rr{$:Y'

0K{ re"ch j r lhereqrofrhe.corei ,qdired. Ihe specif ic learu'e) The vlorque oi Omar: nmazingt l . orhe, Vuri imr r ,n," 9"69A,ns ;".hi; i;;;;;;;'.';i.i:;:;':; il;:ili;;i;;';,;, i'i" iilii'"'l'iio."., Amarinsr). orhe, vu,iim, ha\c 9%g)e\t oreachrouteareexprarnedbe'o$:

:;Ti:f'-::i::'.,'#il:,:ll.:#lliff:x\:"lf"T;:;l l*re%$)'.

. I t"Wtit" l t ten (Blue Route). throq tmoremenr dicenerr rum,andc-hoo'eqhicr '"1'r, . ;F"91<!

*.lo{.-@ v!x.-:

.lIi.,.''i,..-l;;;'i';h;;;;;..;",;'l;;";";;;ffi'',..',y,

ffiru #i'*iiiffiffi;il;il;,;il'ffiffiffir#Ltiffip'*ffid*ffiffi;ffi,..,"il"*ilffiJ] 'm

rW uii#]:[.5{i#!}*;E.f;fu'* W ffiW fri'ki,":'',.'..5'"gil:ilh{[fiJ]'Ldxii ffit= ffil6\,"u( "o*to' copplestone. I Presume?': In a femore ,!illage ii,"' u*t"t vittrg", i"u ger a triendt) '...p,i"" t'.r. - " .*.-\7,$iz<!iY-' you are amaTed loencounlera ramous mr.sronaq. $hohad bi l loo fr;endlv. Your relati tes hdve iusr breued ar,.)Zj l \ , ,r\9;(4 nor been heJ-rd from for yedis. and. lLho $ds presumed. ro .nor.ou. qu*iiry ot beer. dnd vou, nlin -. g.*-^ gt'iS\9;(4

nor been heJ-rd from for yedis. and. lLho $ds presumed ro .nor.ou. qu*iiry ot beer. dnd vou, nlin -. g.*-^ gt'i$

e4% hd\e oeen earen by his rlock. He rs able ro give you ra uable .noueL rc olT., ro-.rop und hetp rhem drink ir. rneie,urrine

ff i

I

ffi{6r%qwW ffiBK

x{,&

6n

s.,K

ffi Yt:FX

ff]&':-v'.( S>sV-XfU) n-g"'.'t ldke seveml dalsro wearofl. Remain h€re unlil As if att this wasn'l enough, there are four other Ji,5,!4

U*}" { you lhrow d I or 2 on your mo\ emrnr dice maior obstacles n,hich all Darties must cross: 'rri.$') '2'Yu Fields or Hemp: The rdbe rhal planred this crop has run om rl" rr iU, The..N\ika.. is a *are.tess. uninhabired S)vj-t$ll$ at your approach. Your Ruga-Ruga bod)suards ha\easood urtdemess which qrercies for hurdred. of miter oara et ro ..;Nv,i 9ji ..*. and chir our ror i coupre of days. rhus ronined. ,r,. r*i,ir.i.", ."".i. i-.,iJi",n*r*l , *.'" i."r .l e.t"<lY$\ lhq are ready !o precs on even fasrer. lake anorher tum hardship for eart] e:,ptorer.. tiery sLage $iLhin LheNlika %.Fj<c.-\ {i rmmeoralerv reouires2 mo\ement DoinLs to cross. \7-a(_\qO/ Wilchcraft: Your men become con\inced lhal a local $ilch The River Lubune,;: A1 oanies mD\t tratt at the staee kYt. $ \ t h a p u r a c u r e e o n l h e m . a n d l h a t i f t h e ) t s o o n l h e ] $ i l l b e b e f o , e r h e r i v e r t o ; r o s s r e a u n e s a d i c e s c o r e o f t : a o t t i , b l i ? ! ) :i , ; , ' e a r e n b y e v i l s p i r i r s . Y o u r o $ n s i l c h d o c l o r s h a \ e r h e i r s o r [ { c o , e s r e s u t r i n n o m o v e m e n i . L 3 ] ^+:"t\ cuL our ro counter Ile curse dnd flnd ruilable good.omens. The Rirer Wasagu: As tor lh€ Lubungu. bur be;ng a \i(f)<

i t : l i Kemarnnereun||r ]ourhrowaron]ourmovemenlorce. sma er r i rer lhisctose ro i l< source. i l can be crossed on a f l i - .$,\ . .x! Witchdoctor 's Vi l l rge: The sirchdoclor h€re is easib scoreof lor2. { :6\

?qli p."*a.a" Lo cast a- usetul .pell fo' d change. smoothing 1"'s1r""*r;, Foresr: A drnse minfore5r with a sinirrer ip)L{['ij] rhe road lor the.resr olyour ioume]. I hro$ I movemenr dice repurarion among rhe ndrive5. cuides are afraid ro go ,r,e... N$16i l ! - \2 ' , ( j : nexlrum.anocnoose!\nrchorrnescoresrousc. so there is d r isk of aelr ina tosr. I I r 5 or6 is thrown tb, Jf i ,J'<$, The Golden Stool of the Anceslors: You ha\e come a long movement white in thl fo;l. lhal more musl le made rne lQlYit'i{ *rt. defedled mdn} enemies. and gained immensel) in rutt number of {dees back$ards. to$.rds lhe coasl. fr,. ,$),/6-\Cr prerrige. You. ancestots sre ro.lelighted tltot lhef rceeal to \rllases rn Lhe lori.L are inhabiled bv pvsmies. fabteroo rrQ'lQafi,$ ]'ou in o drcan the location of thp ahcieht golden stool on eam;, ptaved in rhe tore,r n]rrr t u* ui t.*i:,t ot rne raUte $irFl:A\Y tphkh row ru',at forcfathe.n sa.L Seated on this, lou arc no io,...a *i,r, a.nre;ungr.. .ts;Ni.-l'v ronSer o (ntel -rouafe a tung! ./) cr\':.r'uex t|)ftt% tt"*.S'.""*t"".""% f forFol!.yo.DElsANDrERRAIN. ffi' :t frf,iffi=ff I i3-''=-'?i:'ii:::: l.'.rl11'l is5i);' ^"' *' "\'ffi

ffi *r;::*[ifi#ilh.n:'t**"'i*ii r#

ffiffi*Hffi-*i*:t*'xsa*;il$Y:. \; Li"".. lhe hungry beasls atrack )our cx le herds. You have ci\ ilianr. poner.. elc ,,tA.$)2't?j lo collecl a pan) ol young wdniorc lo go our and <pear rhem OfE+"".1\;' Remain her€ unlil )ou rhro$ a I or 2 on ]our movemenr Well. elerylhing human. rhaL t. Havinp been rated on a :lU,:. W, aa dice. dier ofroo man) taran films. I like ro populare m] African )I0:S?A!\: Pltins Filled Wilh Cattlc: You emerge lrom rhe tldrerlesr lenain $ilh \arious sons of $ild animals. Some of rhe.e ;.t,a;3'!

"Nlika"^to find. a- va:L sa\ an nr}l. .graz ed b) rhousandc ol mighl ha\e a role in_a game. bur olhers are.purell $r{xv:d' , I . cal l le. ARer a br iet 'd iscussion . Lhe local herdsmen agree drcorar i te. (Ofcouhe. Easl Af i ica in rhis pedod realh qas ' ; ,Bi

5\Yd ro ,.t,or" them lo their righltul o$ners rie. your. iour full ofwild game. Being cturged bl ftinos. hrrine poner. i).;\L;( ' ( warrtors ha\e a greal fe$t. and lheirstrengrh and morale are earen by l ions. erc. serequire common experiences t" .r t . l t )kpl$ re'torea. Idke anorherrum immedidrely. early erploreri). lor some reason rho.e $arsame. l;%).'t)it lhcTsctse Fly: lhere ie a paniculaJl) nasry \adeD ofn) in mrn facrurers $ho produce lhe occasional uild animal in ;.1!-vl,;-1). '1fu; lh is !al le). and yourcanle- usudl ly immune ro Ihis son of i5mm al$ays.nakerhem Ioormal l . rhough lhe l regulal )kv.a!)- , \ lh ing rradrogelsick.You$i l l hale Lo f ind "norher roure. l iger $i l l do for d leopdrd. and Lhe loundry r iper ( in rhe %r:{ !-) iA. Remainhereunri l )oulhro$alonlourmo\emenLdice. Indian l iger-hunL .eLr is abour r ighL for a l ione.s. A searctr ol eU\

!_yiQ v.r N'1"* c"tttc: once asain you come across a huse herd ro)shops. ho$€\er $ill oRen,)ield,irems in indaerminaLe 9))iqi: r<$; ofcar l le. $hich )ou recognise rs belonging ro )our people. scales shich aJe approximarely r ;ghl . The Earl) Leaming <$\trY(t-1 ,"* .- ,r'",yi i.rr ir'i-*nr. *r';"t ielong io 1ou: tiel cenrre 'baby el'iiin .r.pr'-i. i". I*'-... il"r.r q,lil lL$'S)i h*. fou t.g. und r$o horns. and go -Moo '1. voui uaniors srcwn-up beside 25mm figures (ahhoush he d"* *.d rf'F.Q.>;%.\: tta* anorher feasl. Throu I mo\emenl dice nexL Lum. and some rusks). )-k F:l-l\Yk choose $hich or'rhe score5 to use. 'v',C'--!.Q\' ett rle Cante t n The world: You hale achie\ed yourgoal I hare nol laid down a loL ol specific rules for ralferop 'i.q\-piri of liberaring erery rermin. bur the more imaginarneli renain rearures a* *.,i >:;.i5r],1 cou in lhg knosn * a dnd rhe more realisricall) lhe) aJe modelled. lhe bener lhe "i\q/i

v ' l ] .^- ' , .^- . '^ .- ozhcc uirr hc ur.- . ,1-r , , i , , r r" r . , r ."* X) '<i . \

Iermrn. oul Ine more Imagtnallrel) lelratn learures are uses. t)/1;,4 -d rhe more realisricall) lhe) aJe modelled. lhe bener the "'\\c/i

games \ i l l be. when d ndrive rr ibe is bein€ attacked. lhere +:9..,!i(,7 *orld riom those sames $ill be. when d ndri

3$j li';.'_:, fi::l-;;3 r tx-j{ :i.T[-:$i,,1,ff.i;]lTiffiffiSfi *rutt*xr*q.*trffiffiF

'i{u4 'eitt p6 aown in'the Ff '

tl y outcrops Gven ttr. Nyitu * thom s;rub ra-ther ttr"" t.""

$p

$s]'r,i!'x""r^!,!,ii 1* -*tu:*. gti$,(!_9i chkt! t _ ---i L -jr cHRts pEERs. "<)Dub\-<r} ?'i($

?l+"%/h#:BxL.s"srgR".*\i*A:{.$l KbI*xffi: