AP US History Mr. Blackmon

Chapter 9 Nation Building and Nationalism

Marshall Court

1. The greatest significance of the Supreme Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison wasthat itA. claimed for the first time that the Supreme Court could issue directives to the

president.B. claimed that the Supreme Court alone was empowered to say what the

Constitution meant.C. claimed for the first time that the Supreme Court could declare an act of

Congress to be unconstitutional.D. was openly defied by President Thomas Jefferson.E. resulted in major realignment of the first American party system.

2. Chief Justice John Marshall asserted that only Congress, not the states, possessed thepower to control interstate commere. The case wasA. Marbury v. MadisonB. the Slaughterhouse casesC. McCulloch v. MarylandD. Cohens v. VirginiaE. Gibbons v. Ogden

3. The Marbury v. Madison case was important because itA. firmly established the principle of one man, one vote.B. affirmed the Supreme court's power to judge the constitutionality of laws

passed by Congress.C. limited the power of the individual states to interfere with legal business contracts

or commercial activity.D. found that Congress had the constitutional power to issue bank charters, thus

opening the door for a strong national bank.E. ruled that slavery could not be prohibited from U.S. territories, increasing

tensions which would eventually explode into the Civil War.4. In Marbury vs. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall

A. established the power of the Supreme Court to invalidate federal laws held to beunconstitutional.

B. upheld the principle of states' rightsC. acknowledged that the Supreme Court had no power over the president.D. limited the power of the president to appoint judges.E. declared that William Marbury was not entitled to his commission as a justice of

the peace in the District of Columbia.

AP US History Mr. BlackmonChapter 9 Nation Building and Nationalism Page 25. The Supreme Court's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland

I weakened the implied powers of the CongressII asserted the principle of strict and limited construction of the ConstitutionIII confirmed the Hamiltonian or "loose" interpretation of the Constitution.IV established the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States.

A. I onlyB. I and II onlyC. I, II, and III onlyD. II, III, and IV onlyE. I, II, III and IV

6. Which of the following is true of the case Marbuy v. Madison?A It established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation.B It supported Thomas Jefferson in his claim to have “executive review>”C It backed William Marbury in his request for a bank charter.D It affirmed the principle of judicial review.E It determined the Senate’s right to “advise and consent.”

7. Chief Justice John Marshall first established the principle that the Supreme Court coulddetermine the constitutionality of Congressional actions in the case of A McCulloch v. Maryland B Dartmouth College v. Woodward C Fletcher v. Peck D Marbury v. Madison E Worcester v. Georgia

Economy

8. The "Era of Good Feeling referred to ______________ presidency.A. James Monroe'sB. James Madison'sC. John Quincy Adams'D. William Henry Harrison'sE. Andrew Jackson's

9. Which of the following accurately reflects the population of the United States between1790 and 1830? A the population per square mile more than doubled B the percentage of urban dwellers more than doubled C the percentage of the nonwhite population grew twice as fast as the white

population D the percentage of females grew much faster than the percentage of males E the population increased by almost one-third each decade

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10. Between 1800 and 1820, the land policy of the United States governmentA made it increasingly easy for ordinary people to buy western land B made it increasingly difficult for ordinary people to buy western land C halted the sale of western land to ordinary people D distributed western land without cost to ordinary people E returned most of the western land to Native American tribes

11. The economic hard times which followed the conclusion of the War of 1812 were largelythe result of A unreasonable demands by factory workers B an influx of immigrant labor C widespread speculation and easy credit D excessive government regulation E European wars

12. Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPTA. a tariff for the protection of industry.B. internal improvements at national government expense.C. sale of federal lands to finance higher education.D. greater reliance on domestic financial resources.E. increased trade among the sections of the nation.

13. A key purpose of Henry Clay's American System was toA expand slavery into new territories to preserve its economic viabilityB improve diplomatic relations with European nations by allowing free immigrationC develop a national economy by improving transportationD create more interest in politics by eliminating voting restrictionsE remove American Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River to prevent

further conflicts14. One important part of the American System promoted by Henry Clay was based on the

assumption that A the United States should be a nation of farmers B public education was essential for all children C slavery should be abolished D every adult citizen of the nation should vote E the federal government should promote industry

15. Henry Clay's "American System" advocated all of the following EXCEPT A. federal funding for the building of roads.B. a national bank.C. high protective tariffs.D. an independent treasury.E. federal funding for the building of canals.

16. In 1811 there were 88 state banks; in 1816, 256. What explains the increase in thenumber of state banks from 1811 to 1816?A. The needs of the wartime economy during the War of 1812 demanded it.

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B. The restraining influence of the first Bank of the United States ended when itscharter expired

C. Regional trade was stimulated by the building of canals.D. Federalists replaced the Democrats and changed federal banking policies.E. New banks were established under the National Banking system.

17. Which of the following is correct about the tariffs passed during the period 1816-1828?A. They reduced barriers to free trade.B. They were supported by all sections of the nation.C. Their constitutionality was tested in the courts.D. They were primarily intended as revenue-raising measures.E. They were the first tariffs whose major purpose was protection.

18. Factors promoting the beginnings of American industrialization during the earlynineteenth century included all of the following EXCEPT:A. high protective tariffs.B. improvements in transportation.C. large-scale immigrationD. the absence of craft organizations that tied artisans to a single trade.E. close and friendly relations with already industrialized Great Britain.

19. The American system of manufacturing which emerged in the early 1800s was successfulbecause of its use of A. slave laborB. handmade, individually crafted high-quality items.C. the "putting out" system--distributing raw materials and collecting finished

products for distribution.D. early electric power to provide cheap energy for new factories.E. interchangeable parts to allow for mass production of high-quality items.

20. The American system of manufacturing was unique in the worldwide IndustrialRevolution because of its reliance on A whole families working together in the mills B water power to run the machines C precision machinery and interchangeable parts D original textile machine designs E the putting-out system

21. Which of the following describes the "Lowell System" in early nineteenth-century NewEngland?A. A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities.B. An agreement among the New England states to secede and form a New England

confederacy.C. A reform eliminating property-holding as a qualification for voting.D. A strategy to defend New England during the War of 1812.E. A congressional reapportionment plan during the 1820's.

AP US History Mr. BlackmonChapter 9 Nation Building and Nationalism Page 522. The most important industry in the nation during the two decades before the Civil War

was A railroad construction B textile manufacturing C steel manufacturing D shoe manufacturing E ship building

23. The first textile workers in America were primarilyA. farmers' daughters from New EnglandB. freed slaves who moved North from the repressive labor markets in the South.C. Irish immigrantsD. ex-soldiers and war veterans who often could find work nowhere else.E. uneducated males from the working class who comprised America's first

generation of "blue collar" workers.Slavery

24. In 1808, the status of slavery was changed significantly when A slavery was abolished B the importation of slaves was ended C the American Colonization Society was founded D the Virginia legislature debated whether to end slavery in the state E William Lloyd Garrison founded The Liberator

25. Which of the following had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the firstquarter of the nineteenth century?A. Demands of Southern textile manufacturers.B. Introduction of crop rotation and fertilizers.C. Use of more stringent techniques of slave control.D. Invention of the cotton gin.E. The "three fifths" compromise.

26. The dramatic increase in the South's slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to A. an increase in the African slave trade.B. the importation of slaves from the West Indies.C. an increase in the severity of fugitive slave laws.D. the acquisition of Louisiana.E. the natural population increase of American-born slaves.

27. In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American technologywas his A. introduction of interchangeable parts.B. development of the first practical locomotive.C. invention of the mechanical reaper.D. installation of the first textile mill.E. development of steam power.

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28. The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney was important because it A. reduced the need for large numbers of slaves to pick Southern cotton, providing

abolitionists with one more argument for the elimination of slavery.B. allowed cotton to be grown in areas that had previously been unsuitable for cotton

production.C. led to the development of the South's first large textile factories and the

beginnings of a strong Southern manufacturing base.D. allowed cotton to be picked and processed much more quickly, thus vastly

increasing the profitability of cotton and the need for more slaves to pick it.E. required skilled workers to operate it leading to the development of the South's

most prominent educational and training institutions which provided workers withthe necessary education and skills.

29. Besides mass production through the use of interchangeable parts, Eli Whiney alsoinfluenced American history by his invention of the A. practical river steamboatB. cotton ginC. incandescent light bulbD. telegraphE. steam locomotive.

Transportation

30. The canal building period of the 1820s resulted primarily fromA. the need for a more effective public transportation system between major

Northeastern cities and towns.B. speculators trying to find a quick and cheap method of moving European

immigrants to unexplored frontiers in the West.C. the need to move U.S. naval forces quickly from the Atlantic to the Great Lakes

and the Mississippi River.D. a shortage of usable fresh water n the trans-Appalachian states.E. the need for an economical method of shipping farm goods from the Western

states and territories directly to Eastern markets.31. The completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

A. increased profitableness of farming in the Old Northwest.B. encouraging the emigration of European immigrants and New England farmers to

the Old Northwest.C. forcing many New Englanders either to abandon their farms or to switch to dairy,

fruit, and vegetable farming.D. a weakened political alliance between the farmers of the Old Northwest and the

planters of the South.

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E. strengthening the dependancy of farmers in the Old Northwest on theMississippi River system for access to markets.

32. In the history of American transportation, the canal era occurred during which of thefollowing periods?A. 1600-1625B. 1750-1775C. 1790-1810D. 1820-1850E. 1865-1890

33. Which of the following transportation developments opened the West to settlement andtrade between 1790 and 1830?A turnpikes and canalsB railroads and steamshipsC turnpikes and railroadsD Clipper ships and turnpikesE canals and railroads

34. Between 1815 and 1860, almost three-quarters of the money invested in canals wassupplied by A private investors B state governments C the federal government D foreign investors E corporations

35. The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because itA. established the role of the federal government in internal improvements.B. strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western

agricultural regions.C. made the invention of the steamboat economically viable.D. spurred innovation in the railroad industry.E. was the last major canal project before the Civil War.

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36. Which of the following was most responsible for the change shown between 1815 and1830?

A. the development of practical steam-powered railroad trains.B. The development of a network of canals linking important cities and waterways.C. The growth in the nation's mileage of improved roads and turnpikes.D. Improvements in the design of keelboats and flatboats.E. The development of steamboats.

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Arts

37. The picture below reflects the architectural style favored by which of the following?

A. Thomas JeffersonB. Benjamin LatrobeC. Charles BulfinchD. Dr. William ThorntonE. William Jenney

38. Art of the Hudson River school may be described asA. classically romantic, expressing an air of wonder at the mystery of nature.B. brutally realistic in its depiction of often unpleasant subjects.C. concentrating on grimy scenes of everyday life in crowded New York City

tenements.D. almost completely abstract.E. concerned with portraiture to the exclusion of significant landscape painting.

39. America's first popular fictional hero, Natty Bumppo, emerged during the 1820's in theworks of A Laura Ingalls Wilder B Louisa May Alcott C Nathaniel Hawthorne D James Fenimore Cooper E Edgar Allen Poe

40. For his part in developing an educated and enlightened citizenry, Noah Webster created A the nation's first geography text B a simplified and Americanized system of spelling C the nation's fIrst fictional hero in Natty Bumpo D nationalistic poetry

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E the fIrst academy

Missouri

41. The Missouri Compromise was a victory for antislavery advocates because itA provided for the gradual emancipation of slaves in MissouriB excluded slavery from all territory north of the Ohio River and east of the

Mississippi RiverC prohibited slavery from future territorial acquisitionsD condemned the fugitive slave lawE closed most of the Louisiana Purchase to slavery

42. The Missouri Compromise provided that Missouri be admitted as a slave state, Maine beadmitted as a free state, and A. all of the Louisiana Territory north of the northern boundary of Missouri be closed

to slavery.B. all of the Louisiana Territory north of 36E 30' be closed to slavery.C. the entire Louisiana Territory be open to slavery.D. the lands south of 36E 30' be guaranteed to slavery and the lands south of it

negotiable.E. all of the Louisiana Territory north of the southern boundary of Missouri be closed

to slavery for 30 years.

Questions 43-44 are based on the following map

43. The map above shows the United States as it appeared in A 1784B 1800C 1812

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D 1821E 1845

44. The area marked X on the map was part of A Massachusetts’ Western ReserveB The Northwest TerritoryC The Louisiana PurchaseD The Mexican CessionE The Oregon Country

45. The Missouri Compromise did which of the following?A prohibited slavery in all of the territory of the Louisiana PurchaseB provided for admission to the Union of all future states in pairs of one slave and

one freeC allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state D fianlly settled the question of federal power over slavery in the territoriesE provided for the annexation of Texas

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46. The following map depicts the United States as it was immediately after which of thefollowing events?

A. Passage of the Compromise of 1850B. Passage of the Missouri Compromise.C. Passage of the Northwest Ordinance.D. Settlement of the Mexican War.E. Negotiation of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty.

Monroe Doctrine

47. The Monroe Doctrine maintained thatA all nations and states in the Americas were territories of the United StatesB European powers should not pursue any future colonization in the AmericasC Cuba, Texas, and Puerto Rico were protectorates of the United StatesD Haiti would be established as a colony to be settled by formerly enslaved people

from the United StatesE the United States Congress could overrule the president's foreign policy

initiatives in Latin America

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48. Which of the following about the Monroe Doctrine is accurate?A. It was announced by the President over the serious objections of Secretary of

State John Quincy Adams.B. It was issued simultaneously with a British policy statement on Latin America.C. It stressed that Europe and the Western Hemisphere had essentially different

political systems.D. It was immediately accepted as international law.E. It was promptly challenged by the "Concert of Europe."

49. The Monroe Doctrine stated that the United StatesA. was not concerned with the type of government other countries might have.B. was concerned only with the type of government that the countries of the Western

Hemisphere might have.C. would not tolerate any new European colonization in the New World.D. claimed the Western Hemisphere as its exclusive zone of influence.E. was prepared to drive out by force any European power that did not give up its

colonies in the Western Hemisphere.50. Identify the following:

". . . the American continents . . . are henceforth not to be considered as subjects forfuture colonization by any European powers . . . " and the "policy [of the United States]in regard to Europe . . . is not to interfere in the internal concerns of any of its powers. . . .."A. Washington's "Farewell Address"B. Preamble to treaty with France for the purchase of Louisiana.C. Monroe DoctrineD. Washington's "Proclamation of Neutrality"E. Treaty of Ghent ending the War of 1812.

51. In his massage to Congress on December 2, 1823, Monroe assertedA. Any new European colonization required United States approval, including the

transfer of colonies from one European power to another.B. A long range American policy goal was the removal of all European colonies

from the New World.C. As a New World power the United States was entitled to participate in

conferences involving the major European powers.D. The political systems of the Old World were so different from those of the New

World that any attempt to extend European political systems to the New Worldwas dangerous to the United States.

E. The United States sympathized with Spain's attempt to reacquire her lost SouthAmerican colonies, but would not tolerate any other European power acquiringthem.

52. President Monroe articulated the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congressprimarily in order to

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A respond positively to the recent Latin American revolutionsB rule out United States involvement in Latin AmericaC provide a rationale for United States intervention in the Isthmus of PanamaD warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western

HemisphereE encourage Britain to help the fledging Latin American states

53. One of the major reasons why President Monroe issued the “Monroe Doctrine” was toA establish the United States as a military power in Latin America B insulate the western hemisphere from European conflict C forward American banking interests in Latin America D support the Greeks in their revolt against the Ottoman Empire E promote the interests of Russia over those of Britain and France